Eccema y otras dermatitis

1. Eccema y otras
dermatitis
Residente de Pediatría Segundo Año
Kevin Raí Aquino Jiménez

2. Definición
Los términos eccema y dermatitis se utilizan
de manera intercambiable, denotando una
reacción inflamatoria polimorfa que afecta la
epidermis y dermis
El eccema/dermatitis agudos se caracterizan por prurito,
eritema y formación de vesículas; el eccema/dermatitis
crónicos se caracterizan por prurito, xerosis,
liquenificación, hiperqueratosis/descamación y fisuras.

3. Etiología
Dermatitis de contacto
Agentes etiológicos: productos
abrasivos, limpiadores, polvo, tierra.
Factores predisponentes: atopia, piel
clara, temperatura (baja), clima.
Exposición ocupacional: Trabajadoras
domésticas, peinadoras, pinturam
construcciones, industria automotriz.
Reacciones inflamatorias
agudas o crónicas por
sustancias que se ponen en
contacto con la piel.

4. Evolución de lesiones
Dermatitis de contacto
Eritema con una superficie de aspecto
mate formación de vesículas o
ampollaserosiónformación de
costradesprendimiento de la costra
y descamación
necrosisdesprendimiento de tejido
necróticoulceración cicatrización
Síntomas: Sensación
urente, picazón, escozor
Los síntomas tardíos
pueden ocurrir en 1 a 2
minutos

6. Síntomas
Dermatitis de contacto por irritantes (crónica)
Picazón, escozor, sensación urente y
prurito; dolor conforme se desarrollan
fisuras.
Se desarrolla con lentitud
después de exposiciones
repetitivas aditivas a
irritantes leves (agua, jabón,
detergentes) por lo general
en manos.

7. Duración
Dermatitis de contacto por irritantes (crónica)
Crónica, meses o años.
Manifestaciones cutáneas:
Resequedadformación de
grietaseritemahiperque
ratosis y
descamaciónfisuras y
formación de costra.

8. Alérgenos
Dermatitis de contacto alérgica
Sales metálicas, antibióticos,
colorantes, medicamentos tópicos,
plantas,
Inflamación mediada por células
T con especificidad para
hapteno.

9. Evolución
Dermatitis de contacto alérgica
Aguda: Eritema → pápulas →
vesículas → erosiones → costras →
descamación
Crónica: Pápulas → descamación →
liquenificación → excoriaciones
Manifestaciones clínicas: La
erupción inicia en un individuo
sensibilizado 48 h o en términos
de días después del contacto
con el alergeno
Síntomas: Prurito intenso, dolor,
picazón y fiebre en algunos casos.

11. Duración
Dermatitis Atópica
Crónica, meses o años.
Se caracteriza principalmente por
resequedad cutánea y prurito; el frotado
constante incrementa la inflamación y
liquenificación para producir un ciclo de
prurito-rascado

12. Types of diseases
Types Spread
Diseases vary based on
transmission, like
communicable (spreadable)
and non-communicable (non-
spreadable). They can also
differ in duration: acute (short-
term) or chronic (long-lasting)
Diseases spread as
communicable or stem from
genetics/lifestyle as non-
communicable. Recognizing
how diseases transmit informs
preventive measures, while
understanding non-
communicable causes aids in
lifestyle adjustments
Diseases range from acute,
with sudden symptoms and
short span, to chronic, with
prolonged effects. Managing
acute cases requires swift
action, while chronic
conditions demand
continuous care to alleviate
lasting impact
Duration

13. This involves the use of medications,
surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy
or other medical procedures to treat a
particular illness
Behavioral therapies involve various
techniques that are used to treat mental
health conditions, such as depression,
anxiety and addiction
Alternative therapies include a range of
treatments that are not considered part of
conventional medical practice
Lifestyle changes involve making
modifications to an individual's diet,
exercise habits or other behaviors
Four main types of treatments
Medical treatment
Alternative therapies
Behavioral therapy
Lifestyle changes

14. Risk factors
Many diseases occur more
frequently in certain age
brackets
Some diseases have a
hereditary component and can
be passed down through
families
Exposure to certain substances
in the environment can
increase the risk of developing
some diseases
A personal or family history of
certain illnesses can increase
the risk of developing related
or similar conditions
Age Genetics Lifestyle
Certain behaviors can increase
the risk of developing
certain illnesses
Some illnesses are more
common in one gender than
the other
Environment Medical history Gender

15. Patients treated
85%
Success rate
10,000
1,000
Suffered secondary effects

16. Investment in disease research is crucial for improving public health outcomes,
advancing medicine and improving quality of life for patients, which in turn has
the potential for significant economic growth and global health benefits
$1 billion

17. Disease prevalence
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15-30% of the population in
these regions are affected by
the disease
6-14% of the population in
these regions are affected by
the disease
0-5% of the population in
these regions are affected by
the disease

18. Symptoms and diagnosis
Most common
symptoms
Use this slide to display the most
common symptoms of the
disease being discussed. Include a
graph with a clear title and labels
for each axis. You can also explain
how the disease is diagnosed,
including the types of tests or
procedures used, to help your
audience understand how it is
identified and treated
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19. Risk factors Description Prevalence
Contributing
factors
Complications Severity
Write the risk
factors here
In this part, include a brief
description
80% of cases
Write the contributing
factors here
In this part, write the
complications of
the disease
High
Write the risk
factors here
In this part, include a brief
description
30% of cases
Write the contributing
factors here
In this part, write the
complications of
the disease
Moderate
Write the risk
factors here
In this part, include a brief
description
40% of cases
Write the contributing
factors here
In this part, write the
complications of
the disease
High
Write the risk
factors here
In this part, include a brief
description
10% of cases
Write the contributing
factors here
In this part, write the
complications of
the disease
Moderate
Risk factors and complications

20. Disease history
Early research Epidemic outbreak
Discovery of the disease Breakthrough treatment
First treatment Current research
Milestone discoveries Future directions

21. Diagnosis and treatment flowchart
Start
Diagnostic test
Patient
symptoms
Diagnosis
confirmed
List the symptoms that the
patient is experiencing:
A. Write the symptoms of
the patient
B. Write the symptoms of
the patient
C. Write the symptoms of
the patient
List the diagnostic tests that
were performed:
A. Write the diagnostic test
performed
B. Write the diagnostic test
performed
C. Write the diagnostic test
performed
Prescribe
treatment
List the recommended
treatment options
A. Write the
treatment options
A. Write the
treatment options
A. Write the
treatment options
End
This step represents the
confirmation or ruling out of a
specific disease diagnosis
based on the results of the
diagnostic tests

22. Real life impact
A photo showcase can be a useful addition to any presentation,
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23. Region Number of cases Percentage of cases
North 1,000 20%
South 2,500 50%
East 1,200 24%
Disease management
Number of cases of the disease
over time
● Describe the trend of the disease cases over
time
● Provide key insights or observations about the
graph
● Explain any significant changes or patterns in
the graph ● List the regions or areas that are relevant for the
disease
● Enter the number of cases for each region, area or
country
● Describe any notable variations or trends among
the regions
● Provide additional details or observations about
the table
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24. Disease overview and conclusions
Information
Causes
Introduce in this section your specific
information
Symptoms
Introduce in this section your specific
information
Diagnosis
Introduce in this section your specific
information
Treatment
Introduce in this section your specific
information
Prevention
Introduce in this section your specific
information
Key findings
● Summarize the most important or relevant
aspects of the disease
● Use bullet points to present the key findings in a
clear and organized manner
Conclusions
In this section, summarize the key findings from
the disease study
Provide an overview of the implications for the
current diagnosis and treatment plan
1
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