this is a descriptive poster presentation aiming at rising professional knowledge, Also improving the undersng of cervical cancer to the general public

1. HUMAN PAPILLOMA VIRUS AND CERVICAL CANCER.
Amani Twaha MDII,
Archbishop James University college.
Email;atwaha250@gmail.com
INTRODUCTION
SYMPTOMS
EPIDEMIOLOGY
Ds DNA, non enveloped virus
More than 100 types
15 are oncogenic.
(16,18,45,52,68,33,51)
Type 16 & 18 highly associated
with cervical cancer
The cervix is the lower part of the
uterus that opens at the top of the
vagina
* Means no data
Cervical cancer is 2nd most
common cancer in the world.
527,624 new cases and 265,672
deaths worldwide
1st most killing cancer in
Tanzania
4,216 deaths due to cervical
cancer annually(2012)
Majority is squamous cell
carcinoma
Age at risk is between 13-65
Years.
Common in low and middle
income countries
Pain during sexual
intercourse
Abnormal vaginal
discharge(pale,brown,bloody)
Menstrual irregularities.
Post menopausal bleeding
Back pain
Post coital bleeding
Abnormal vaginal
bleeding.
Pathogenesis
Penetrate to the basal
layer through abrasions in
cervix
The gene E6 & E7
encodes proteins
They inhibits p53 and RB
Tumor suppressor genes.
Hence lose their tumor regulating
ability.
Finally abnormal growth of the
squamous cells.
The virus can be cleared by body
immunity or progress to disease
Diagnostic tests
Cystoscopy ,proctoscopy,anasthestic
examination.
Papanicolau ‘pap 'smear test (cytology)
Liquid based cytology;
1. Visual inspection acetic acid(VIA)
2. Visual inspection with lugol’s
iodine(VILI)
Clinical diagnosis
Basing on symptoms
Colposcopic cervical
examination
Cervical biopsies
-cone biopsy
-endocervical scraping
Screening for HPV & HIV for
sexually active females.
The appropriate use of
condoms.
Male circumcision to reduce
transmission.
Avoid tobacco smoking.
Avoid prolonged use of oral
contraceptives.
Prevention Treatment
Depends on the stage of cancer.
Cryosurgery.
Cold knife conization.
Loop excision.
Hysterectomy
Radical trachelectomy
Chemotherapy.
Radiotherapy/laser surgery
Combination of radiotherapy and
chemotherapy.
vaccination
Among preventive strategies
Launched on 10th April 2018
Two types ;
1. Bivalent
2. Quadrivalent
3-doses within 6 months given to pre teens.
Type 16&18
6,11.16&18
Selected reference1. Bruni L, Barrionuevo-Rosas L, Albero G, Serrano B, Mena M, Gómez D,
Muñoz J, Bosch FX, de Sanjosé S.ICO/IARC Information Centre on HPV
and Cancer (HPV Information Centre). Human Papillomavirus and Related
Diseases in Tanzania. Summary Report 27 July 2017. 72pp
[www.hpvcentre.nef][14th April 2018]
2. Levinson.W. Review of medical microbiology and immunology 13th edition
; Papilloma viruses.McGraw-Hill Education. 673-677pp
3. Yuma.S.National cervical cancer prevention and control program.
[www.womenscancer advocacy.net][accessed on 14th April 2018]
4. Nyandiva O, Giama M, Chipwaza B,Expression of a-Tocopherol
associated protein TAP ( TAP) is associated with clinical outcome Breast
Cancer Patients : PubMed 2015.
5. Nyandiva O, Yahye F, Moses Njue: Cancer screening and prevention ,
IJSER,2016.
6. American cancer society. Test for cervical cancer.
[cancer.org/cancer/cervical-cancer/detection-diagnosis-staging/how-
diagnosed.html] [ accessed on 19/4/2018]
7. WHO.UN Joint Global Program on Cervical. November
2016.[www.who.int/ncds/un-task-force/un-joint-action-cervical-cancer-
leaflet.pdf?ua=1][accessed on 19/04/2018]
HPV