The document discusses employee safety, health, and wellness. It covers the role of HR professionals in promoting a safe work environment according to the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) was created to ensure worker safety and health by working with employers and employees. OSHA requires employers to provide a safe workplace and protect employees from recognized hazards. The document also discusses wellness programs, stress, physical fitness programs, substance abuse, and employee assistance programs which organizations use to support employee health and deal with problems.

1. Week 7
Chapter 13
Employee Safety, Healthy and Wellness
Daw Htay Htay (AP)
Business and Economic Department
NMDC

2. 1. Nature and Role of Safety, Health, and Wellness
Many workplaces have features that could threaten the safety and
health of employees if not managed properly.
Safety involves protecting employees from injuries caused by work-
related accident.
Health refers to employees’ freedom from physical or emotional
illness.
 HR professionals play a crucial role in promoting a safe and healthful
work environment and addressing ways to support physical and
mental wellness.
The role of promoting occupational safety and health is mandated by
the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970.

3. 2. Occupational Safety and Health Administration(OSHA)-1
 The Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 created the OSHA.
 The purpose of OSHA is to ensure worker safety and health by working with
employers and employees to create better working environments.
 The act requires employers to provide employees a safe and healthy place to
work and this responsibility extends to providing safe employees.
 Employers have a responsibility under the general duty clause of the
Occupational Safety and Health Act to furnish a workplace free from recognized
hazards.

4. Violation of the general duty clause
OSHA has to demonstrate
1. That a condition or activity in the workplace presented a hazard,
2. That the employer or its industry recognized this hazard,
3. That the hazard was likely to cause death or serious physical harm,
4. That a feasible and effective means existed to eliminate or materially reduce the hazard.
continue . . .

5. Occupational Safety and Health Administration(OSHA)-2
 Employers process other rights and responsibilities under OSHA.
 Likewise, employees possess rights and responsibilities.
 The mission of OSHA is to promote and ensure workplace safety and health and to reduce workplace fatalities,
injuries, and illnesses.
 Addressing safety and health issues in the workplace also saves the employer money and adds value to the
business.
 Even though OSHA would like a successful partnership relationship to exist, at time penalties must be given.
 Financial penalties serve as reminders to companies of the benefits of maintaining safe and healthy working
conditions.
 OSHA has implemented the Severe Violator Enforcement Program.
continue . . .

6. 4. OSHA and the Small Business
 The guide is intended to help small business employers meet the legal requirements imposed by OSHA.
 It covers the basics of an occupational safety and health plan for small business owners.
 The guide tips on how to self-assess the workplace, employee training strategies, and more.
 It also has an on-site consultation service.
 Small businesses that participate can qualify for a one-year exemption from routine OSHA inspections.

7. 5. Safety : The Economic Impact
 Job-related deaths and injuries of all type extract a high toll not only in human misery but also in economic
loss.
 The leading cause of workplace injuries and their associated costs are overexertion (Example, lifting ,
carrying, pushing , pulling , etc)
 Safety risks can be significant for employers.
 Safety professionals strive for lower workers’ compensation costs, ass do insurance companies.

8. 6. Focus of Safety Programs
 Every employer needs to have a comprehensive safety program.
 Safety programs may accomplish their purpose in to primary ways focusing on unsafe employee actions and
the other on unsafe working conditions.
 Unsafe Employee Actions
 Training and orientation of new employees emphasizing safety is especially important.
 The first approach in a safety program is to create a psychological environment and employee attitudes that
promote safety.

9.  A corporate culture needs to exist in which employees are involved and engaged and have the opportunity to
provide input on changes to their workplace.
 Studies show a positive link between employee engagement and involvement and safety performance.
 Accident rates decline when workers consciously or subconsciously think about safety.
 Although there is danger that everyone’s responsibility will become no one’s responsibility, a truly safe
environment takes the effort of everyone from top management to the lowest-level employee.
 Management’s unique role is clear because OSHA places primary responsibility for employee safety on the
employer.
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10.  Unsafe Working Conditions
 The Second approach to safety program design is to develop and maintain a safe physical working environment.
 Altering the environment becomes be focus for preventing accidents.
 Developing Safety Program
Lost productivity
Compensation costs
Job hazard analysis(JHA)
Superfund Amendments Reauthorization Act (SARA)
Employee Involvement
Safety Engineer
Accident Investigation
Evaluation of Safety Programs
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11. 10. Employee Wellness
 Wellness programs are designed to promote the mental and physical well-being of employees and family
members.
 Employers create employee assistance programs as a structure within which to offer wellness initiatives.
 Employee assistance programs help employees cope with personal problems that may impair their personal
lives or job performance.

12. Social Networking and Wellness
 Employers increasingly are adopting social networking to strengthen the success of their wellness programs.
 Social Networking
- brings employees together and works to increase peer support.
- generates participation rates higher than any traditional form of wellness initiative.
continue. . .

13. 11. Nature of Stress
 Stress is the body’s nonspecific reaction to any demand made on it.
 It affects people in different ways and therefore is highly individualized.
 Not always negative.

14. Potential Consequences of Stress
stress
Individual
Poor
attendance
Use Of
alcohol or
Other drugs
Poor job
performance
Overall poor
health
Individual
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15. Stressful Jobs
The 12 jobs with the Most Stress
1. Laborer 7. Manager/administrator
2. Secretary 8. Waitress/waiter
3. Inspector 9. Machine operator
4. Clinical lab technician 10. Farm owner
5. Office manager 11. Miner
6. Supervisor 12. Painter
continue. . .

16. 12. Physical Fitness Programs
 Involve efforts to promote exercise and fitness
 Consider the results of physical inactivity
 Provide a safe and healthy work environment improves worker productivity
Substance Abuse
 Use of illegal substances or the misuse of controlled substances such as alcohol and drugs
 Alcoholism – medical disease characterized by uncontrolled and compulsive drinking that interferes with
normal living patterns
 Stress play an important role to become an alcoholic
 Affect people at every level of society

17. 14. Employee Assistance Programs (EAP)
 A comprehensive approach that many organizations have taken to deal with numerous problem areas such as
burnout, alcohol and drug abuse, and other emotional disturbances
 To provide assistance with managing critical events in the workplace
 Include a response to personal psychological problems
 Getting employees to use the program
15. Health Care in the Global Environment
 Safety and healthy laws and regulations vary from country to country
 Health care facilities across the globe vary in their state of modernization
 Medical evacuation can be an essential benefit for overseas workers