1. Traditionally, surgical procedures were less effective and carried more risks due to limited technical assistance and knowledge of anatomy. Neuronavigation technologies have improved outcomes by allowing more precise surgeries. 2. While neuronavigation has benefits, it also has limitations as it cannot be solely relied upon and must be used together with other diagnostic tools. It may also not always be reliable. 3. The introduction of imaging technologies and neuronavigation systems has enabled more effective brain surgeries by providing visualization of tumor locations that previously could not be precisely identified or operated on due to lack of knowledge of brain anatomy.