We investigated whether researcher bias has an effect studies of climate change effects. We found that desirable species were much more likely to have harmful predictions of climate change than pests or invasive species.
Science is often treated like absolute truth in this day and age, and is a powerful influence on policy. However, since scientists are humans there’s a possibility that their personal biases could be affecting information available about the effects of global warming. We examined 25 sources on the effect of global warming on desirable and undesirable aquatic invertebrates. No significant difference was found that desirable species were reported to be harmed more or that undesirable ones benefitted more from climate change. Based on our findings, scientists do not appear to be biased on the effects of global warming on aquatic invertebrates.
Climate change is an area of significant controversy. The present study ascertained the role of experimenter bias in determining the effects of global warming, by evaluating whether the perception of insect species as desirable or undesirable would be related to findings of climate change having beneficial or harmful effects. Selective literature searches produced 21 articles,14 of which were classified as desirable and 7 as undesirable. Mosaic plot and chi-square analyses found no significant differences between groups classified as beneficial or harmful, suggesting that there was no experimenter bias. However, the small number of studies evaluated and the unequal distribution of desirable and undesirable species may have contributed to sample selection bias thus making statistical significance difficult to achieve.
Our group studied the effects of climate change on mammals and tried to analyze whether or not there was a correlation between the desirability of a species and the effect of climate change. Based on our findings, we discovered that there is a significant difference between the effects of climate change on undesirable and desirable species.
Science is often treated like absolute truth in this day and age, and is a powerful influence on policy. However, since scientists are humans there’s a possibility that their personal biases could be affecting information available about the effects of global warming. We examined 25 sources on the effect of global warming on desirable and undesirable aquatic invertebrates. No significant difference was found that desirable species were reported to be harmed more or that undesirable ones benefitted more from climate change. Based on our findings, scientists do not appear to be biased on the effects of global warming on aquatic invertebrates.
Climate change is an area of significant controversy. The present study ascertained the role of experimenter bias in determining the effects of global warming, by evaluating whether the perception of insect species as desirable or undesirable would be related to findings of climate change having beneficial or harmful effects. Selective literature searches produced 21 articles,14 of which were classified as desirable and 7 as undesirable. Mosaic plot and chi-square analyses found no significant differences between groups classified as beneficial or harmful, suggesting that there was no experimenter bias. However, the small number of studies evaluated and the unequal distribution of desirable and undesirable species may have contributed to sample selection bias thus making statistical significance difficult to achieve.
Our group studied the effects of climate change on mammals and tried to analyze whether or not there was a correlation between the desirability of a species and the effect of climate change. Based on our findings, we discovered that there is a significant difference between the effects of climate change on undesirable and desirable species.
This presentation describes the trends in the shrimp farming industry in Latin America with focus on the contribution of pond natural food to shrimp growth
All experiments done by humans will always hold some sort of bias. We sought out to determine if the desirability of species impacts the findings of climate change effects. We examined scientific articles and categorized them under either desirable or undesirable and if climate change harms or helps. We then statistically analyzed them and found that significantly more desirable species were harmed by climate change and significantly more undesirable species were helped. The desirability of species produced bias on whether or not climate change is predicted to benefit or harm them.
Proyecto de Innovacion El Uso del Blog en mis Sesiones de Aprendizajeipedes
Proyecto de Innovación presentado por el Lic. Ulises García Profesor de la Escuela Nacional de Artes Gráficas del distrito del La Victoria Lima Perú.Especialista en el uso pedagógico de las Tics y creador del Blog del maestro mas visitado del Perú : www.maestroulises666.blogspot.com
Animal Experimentation for Cosmetics - Resources for Healthy Children www.scribd.com/doc/254613619 - For more information, Please see Organic Edible Schoolyards & Gardening with Children www.scribd.com/doc/254613963 - Gardening with Volcanic Rock Dust www.scribd.com/doc/254613846 - Double Food Production from your School Garden with Organic Tech www.scribd.com/doc/254613765 - Free School Gardening Art Posters www.scribd.com/doc/254613694 - Increase Food Production with Companion Planting in your School Garden www.scribd.com/doc/254609890 - Healthy Foods Dramatically Improves Student Academic Success www.scribd.com/doc/254613619 - City Chickens for your Organic School Garden www.scribd.com/doc/254613553 - Huerto Ecológico, Tecnologías Sostenibles, Agricultura Organica www.scribd.com/doc/254613494 - Simple Square Foot Gardening for Schools - Teacher Guide www.scribd.com/doc/254613410 - Free Organic Gardening Publications www.scribd.com/doc/254609890 ~
This lecture will help you understandThe meaning of the t.docxchristalgrieg
This lecture will help you understand:The meaning of the term environmentThe importance of natural resourcesThat environmental science is interdisciplinary The scientific method and how science operatesSome pressures facing the global environmentSustainability and sustainable development
Environment: the total of our surroundings
All the things around us with which we interact:
Living things
Animals, plants, forests, fungi, etc.
Non-living things
Continents, oceans, clouds, soil, rocks
Our built environment
Buildings, human-created living centers
Social relationships and institutions
Humans exist within the environmentHumans exist within the environment and are part of nature.Our survival depends on a healthy, functioning planet.The fundamental insight of environmental science is that we are part of the natural world.Our interactions with its other parts matter a great deal.
Humans and the world around usHumans depend completely on the environment for survival.Enriched and longer lives, increased wealth, health, mobility, leisure timeBut natural systems have been degraded Pollution, erosion, and species extinctionEnvironmental changes threaten long-term health and survival.Environmental science is the study of:How the natural world worksHow the environment affects humans and vice versaWith environmental problems come opportunities for solutions.
Natural resources: vital to human survival
Natural resources = substances and energy sources needed for survival
Natural resources: vital to human survivalRenewable resources:Perpetually available: sunlight, wind, wave energyRenew themselves over short periods of time: timber, water, soilThese can be destroyedNon-renewable resources: can be depletedOil, coal, minerals
Global human population growthMore than 6.7 billion humansWhy so many humans?Agricultural revolutionStable food suppliesIndustrial revolutionUrbanized society powered by fossil fuelsSanitation and medicinesMore food
Thomas Malthus and human population
Thomas Malthus
Population growth must be controlled, or it will outstrip food production.
Starvation, war, disease
Neo-Malthusians
Population growth has disastrous effects.
Paul and Anne Ehrlich, The Population Bomb (1968)
Agricultural advances have only postponed crises.
Resource consumption exerts impacts
Garret Hardin’s “tragedy of the commons” (1968)
Unregulated exploitation causes resource depletion
Grazing lands, forests, air, water
No one has the incentive to care for a resource.
Everyone takes what he or she can until the resource is depleted.
Solution
?
Private ownership?
Voluntary organization to enforce responsible use?
Governmental regulations?
The “ecological footprint”The environmental impact of a person or populationAmount of biologically productive land + water For resources and to dispose/recycle wasteOvershoot: humans have surpassed the Earth’s capacity to support us
We are using 30% more of the planet’s resources than are available on a sustain ...
The Use of Animals in ResearchStudent NameAffi.docxssusera34210
The Use of Animals in Research
Student Name
Affiliate Institution
The Use of Animals in Research
The debate about experimental animal use in research aim to prove weather their usage is a pseudoscience or not. Animals have been used widely in scientific research since the 500 BC. However, the use of experimental animals for research has been a controversial issue and subject of ethical debates. The growing body of animal advocates believes that experimental animal use in research is not necessary for reasons of wasting resources. Industries such as pharmaceutical research companies and cosmetics manufacturers use animals such as rats, rabbits and pigs to test their products. With such usage, the society has persistently called upon the concerned scientific community to find an alternative of experimental animal use especially in the business industries. Despite the fact that animal advocates who stage campaigns against the use of animals in research consider it unethical, pure research scientists have not demonstrated the economic and academic benefits of using these animals where Pound et al., (2004) argue that there is no evidence to show that the use of animals in research has direct human benefits. The animal use has led to a better scientific understanding of disease and drug processes hence leading to proper formulations and medical breakthroughs. Experimental animals have been successful models of disease and drug studies before clinical trials. The use of experimental animals is the basic science established in the research of cognitive science, biology, and medicine.
Organizations that refute the use of animals for research such as PETA and ASPCA consider these traditional scientific activities out of date and that it is morally wrong to use animals solely for the benefit of human beings. These organizations claim that traditional animal experiments are costly, they are expensive and time-consuming, (Ryder, 2005). In addition, animal advocates argue that pure research scientists have not been accountable for those experiments that have failed and their results having no economic or academic benefits in the society. Even worse, there is evidence indicating that experimental animal results can mislead researchers. Animals may die in the process of experimentation due to toxic drug treatment and such results may confuse. The PETA organization indicate that researchers focus on making the animals sick and later cure them, a process that does not happen in human. The PETA and allied organization also argue that best doctors and scientists are misplaced because they are compensated to work with animals in the laboratory instead of working with real patients in the community. Even though using animals in research is undisputedly intellectually seductive, these experiments have not solved the urgent health problems of this era such as heart disease, cancer, stroke, AIDS and birth defects. However, scientists have a good course ...
This presentation describes the trends in the shrimp farming industry in Latin America with focus on the contribution of pond natural food to shrimp growth
All experiments done by humans will always hold some sort of bias. We sought out to determine if the desirability of species impacts the findings of climate change effects. We examined scientific articles and categorized them under either desirable or undesirable and if climate change harms or helps. We then statistically analyzed them and found that significantly more desirable species were harmed by climate change and significantly more undesirable species were helped. The desirability of species produced bias on whether or not climate change is predicted to benefit or harm them.
Proyecto de Innovacion El Uso del Blog en mis Sesiones de Aprendizajeipedes
Proyecto de Innovación presentado por el Lic. Ulises García Profesor de la Escuela Nacional de Artes Gráficas del distrito del La Victoria Lima Perú.Especialista en el uso pedagógico de las Tics y creador del Blog del maestro mas visitado del Perú : www.maestroulises666.blogspot.com
Animal Experimentation for Cosmetics - Resources for Healthy Children www.scribd.com/doc/254613619 - For more information, Please see Organic Edible Schoolyards & Gardening with Children www.scribd.com/doc/254613963 - Gardening with Volcanic Rock Dust www.scribd.com/doc/254613846 - Double Food Production from your School Garden with Organic Tech www.scribd.com/doc/254613765 - Free School Gardening Art Posters www.scribd.com/doc/254613694 - Increase Food Production with Companion Planting in your School Garden www.scribd.com/doc/254609890 - Healthy Foods Dramatically Improves Student Academic Success www.scribd.com/doc/254613619 - City Chickens for your Organic School Garden www.scribd.com/doc/254613553 - Huerto Ecológico, Tecnologías Sostenibles, Agricultura Organica www.scribd.com/doc/254613494 - Simple Square Foot Gardening for Schools - Teacher Guide www.scribd.com/doc/254613410 - Free Organic Gardening Publications www.scribd.com/doc/254609890 ~
This lecture will help you understandThe meaning of the t.docxchristalgrieg
This lecture will help you understand:The meaning of the term environmentThe importance of natural resourcesThat environmental science is interdisciplinary The scientific method and how science operatesSome pressures facing the global environmentSustainability and sustainable development
Environment: the total of our surroundings
All the things around us with which we interact:
Living things
Animals, plants, forests, fungi, etc.
Non-living things
Continents, oceans, clouds, soil, rocks
Our built environment
Buildings, human-created living centers
Social relationships and institutions
Humans exist within the environmentHumans exist within the environment and are part of nature.Our survival depends on a healthy, functioning planet.The fundamental insight of environmental science is that we are part of the natural world.Our interactions with its other parts matter a great deal.
Humans and the world around usHumans depend completely on the environment for survival.Enriched and longer lives, increased wealth, health, mobility, leisure timeBut natural systems have been degraded Pollution, erosion, and species extinctionEnvironmental changes threaten long-term health and survival.Environmental science is the study of:How the natural world worksHow the environment affects humans and vice versaWith environmental problems come opportunities for solutions.
Natural resources: vital to human survival
Natural resources = substances and energy sources needed for survival
Natural resources: vital to human survivalRenewable resources:Perpetually available: sunlight, wind, wave energyRenew themselves over short periods of time: timber, water, soilThese can be destroyedNon-renewable resources: can be depletedOil, coal, minerals
Global human population growthMore than 6.7 billion humansWhy so many humans?Agricultural revolutionStable food suppliesIndustrial revolutionUrbanized society powered by fossil fuelsSanitation and medicinesMore food
Thomas Malthus and human population
Thomas Malthus
Population growth must be controlled, or it will outstrip food production.
Starvation, war, disease
Neo-Malthusians
Population growth has disastrous effects.
Paul and Anne Ehrlich, The Population Bomb (1968)
Agricultural advances have only postponed crises.
Resource consumption exerts impacts
Garret Hardin’s “tragedy of the commons” (1968)
Unregulated exploitation causes resource depletion
Grazing lands, forests, air, water
No one has the incentive to care for a resource.
Everyone takes what he or she can until the resource is depleted.
Solution
?
Private ownership?
Voluntary organization to enforce responsible use?
Governmental regulations?
The “ecological footprint”The environmental impact of a person or populationAmount of biologically productive land + water For resources and to dispose/recycle wasteOvershoot: humans have surpassed the Earth’s capacity to support us
We are using 30% more of the planet’s resources than are available on a sustain ...
The Use of Animals in ResearchStudent NameAffi.docxssusera34210
The Use of Animals in Research
Student Name
Affiliate Institution
The Use of Animals in Research
The debate about experimental animal use in research aim to prove weather their usage is a pseudoscience or not. Animals have been used widely in scientific research since the 500 BC. However, the use of experimental animals for research has been a controversial issue and subject of ethical debates. The growing body of animal advocates believes that experimental animal use in research is not necessary for reasons of wasting resources. Industries such as pharmaceutical research companies and cosmetics manufacturers use animals such as rats, rabbits and pigs to test their products. With such usage, the society has persistently called upon the concerned scientific community to find an alternative of experimental animal use especially in the business industries. Despite the fact that animal advocates who stage campaigns against the use of animals in research consider it unethical, pure research scientists have not demonstrated the economic and academic benefits of using these animals where Pound et al., (2004) argue that there is no evidence to show that the use of animals in research has direct human benefits. The animal use has led to a better scientific understanding of disease and drug processes hence leading to proper formulations and medical breakthroughs. Experimental animals have been successful models of disease and drug studies before clinical trials. The use of experimental animals is the basic science established in the research of cognitive science, biology, and medicine.
Organizations that refute the use of animals for research such as PETA and ASPCA consider these traditional scientific activities out of date and that it is morally wrong to use animals solely for the benefit of human beings. These organizations claim that traditional animal experiments are costly, they are expensive and time-consuming, (Ryder, 2005). In addition, animal advocates argue that pure research scientists have not been accountable for those experiments that have failed and their results having no economic or academic benefits in the society. Even worse, there is evidence indicating that experimental animal results can mislead researchers. Animals may die in the process of experimentation due to toxic drug treatment and such results may confuse. The PETA organization indicate that researchers focus on making the animals sick and later cure them, a process that does not happen in human. The PETA and allied organization also argue that best doctors and scientists are misplaced because they are compensated to work with animals in the laboratory instead of working with real patients in the community. Even though using animals in research is undisputedly intellectually seductive, these experiments have not solved the urgent health problems of this era such as heart disease, cancer, stroke, AIDS and birth defects. However, scientists have a good course ...
Multi-source connectivity as the driver of solar wind variability in the heli...Sérgio Sacani
The ambient solar wind that flls the heliosphere originates from multiple
sources in the solar corona and is highly structured. It is often described
as high-speed, relatively homogeneous, plasma streams from coronal
holes and slow-speed, highly variable, streams whose source regions are
under debate. A key goal of ESA/NASA’s Solar Orbiter mission is to identify
solar wind sources and understand what drives the complexity seen in the
heliosphere. By combining magnetic feld modelling and spectroscopic
techniques with high-resolution observations and measurements, we show
that the solar wind variability detected in situ by Solar Orbiter in March
2022 is driven by spatio-temporal changes in the magnetic connectivity to
multiple sources in the solar atmosphere. The magnetic feld footpoints
connected to the spacecraft moved from the boundaries of a coronal hole
to one active region (12961) and then across to another region (12957). This
is refected in the in situ measurements, which show the transition from fast
to highly Alfvénic then to slow solar wind that is disrupted by the arrival of
a coronal mass ejection. Our results describe solar wind variability at 0.5 au
but are applicable to near-Earth observatories.
THE IMPORTANCE OF MARTIAN ATMOSPHERE SAMPLE RETURN.Sérgio Sacani
The return of a sample of near-surface atmosphere from Mars would facilitate answers to several first-order science questions surrounding the formation and evolution of the planet. One of the important aspects of terrestrial planet formation in general is the role that primary atmospheres played in influencing the chemistry and structure of the planets and their antecedents. Studies of the martian atmosphere can be used to investigate the role of a primary atmosphere in its history. Atmosphere samples would also inform our understanding of the near-surface chemistry of the planet, and ultimately the prospects for life. High-precision isotopic analyses of constituent gases are needed to address these questions, requiring that the analyses are made on returned samples rather than in situ.
Slide 1: Title Slide
Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Slide 2: Introduction to Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Definition: Extrachromosomal inheritance refers to the transmission of genetic material that is not found within the nucleus.
Key Components: Involves genes located in mitochondria, chloroplasts, and plasmids.
Slide 3: Mitochondrial Inheritance
Mitochondria: Organelles responsible for energy production.
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in mitochondria.
Inheritance Pattern: Maternally inherited, meaning it is passed from mothers to all their offspring.
Diseases: Examples include Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) and mitochondrial myopathy.
Slide 4: Chloroplast Inheritance
Chloroplasts: Organelles responsible for photosynthesis in plants.
Chloroplast DNA (cpDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in chloroplasts.
Inheritance Pattern: Often maternally inherited in most plants, but can vary in some species.
Examples: Variegation in plants, where leaf color patterns are determined by chloroplast DNA.
Slide 5: Plasmid Inheritance
Plasmids: Small, circular DNA molecules found in bacteria and some eukaryotes.
Features: Can carry antibiotic resistance genes and can be transferred between cells through processes like conjugation.
Significance: Important in biotechnology for gene cloning and genetic engineering.
Slide 6: Mechanisms of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Non-Mendelian Patterns: Do not follow Mendel’s laws of inheritance.
Cytoplasmic Segregation: During cell division, organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts are randomly distributed to daughter cells.
Heteroplasmy: Presence of more than one type of organellar genome within a cell, leading to variation in expression.
Slide 7: Examples of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Four O’clock Plant (Mirabilis jalapa): Shows variegated leaves due to different cpDNA in leaf cells.
Petite Mutants in Yeast: Result from mutations in mitochondrial DNA affecting respiration.
Slide 8: Importance of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Evolution: Provides insight into the evolution of eukaryotic cells.
Medicine: Understanding mitochondrial inheritance helps in diagnosing and treating mitochondrial diseases.
Agriculture: Chloroplast inheritance can be used in plant breeding and genetic modification.
Slide 9: Recent Research and Advances
Gene Editing: Techniques like CRISPR-Cas9 are being used to edit mitochondrial and chloroplast DNA.
Therapies: Development of mitochondrial replacement therapy (MRT) for preventing mitochondrial diseases.
Slide 10: Conclusion
Summary: Extrachromosomal inheritance involves the transmission of genetic material outside the nucleus and plays a crucial role in genetics, medicine, and biotechnology.
Future Directions: Continued research and technological advancements hold promise for new treatments and applications.
Slide 11: Questions and Discussion
Invite Audience: Open the floor for any questions or further discussion on the topic.
The increased availability of biomedical data, particularly in the public domain, offers the opportunity to better understand human health and to develop effective therapeutics for a wide range of unmet medical needs. However, data scientists remain stymied by the fact that data remain hard to find and to productively reuse because data and their metadata i) are wholly inaccessible, ii) are in non-standard or incompatible representations, iii) do not conform to community standards, and iv) have unclear or highly restricted terms and conditions that preclude legitimate reuse. These limitations require a rethink on data can be made machine and AI-ready - the key motivation behind the FAIR Guiding Principles. Concurrently, while recent efforts have explored the use of deep learning to fuse disparate data into predictive models for a wide range of biomedical applications, these models often fail even when the correct answer is already known, and fail to explain individual predictions in terms that data scientists can appreciate. These limitations suggest that new methods to produce practical artificial intelligence are still needed.
In this talk, I will discuss our work in (1) building an integrative knowledge infrastructure to prepare FAIR and "AI-ready" data and services along with (2) neurosymbolic AI methods to improve the quality of predictions and to generate plausible explanations. Attention is given to standards, platforms, and methods to wrangle knowledge into simple, but effective semantic and latent representations, and to make these available into standards-compliant and discoverable interfaces that can be used in model building, validation, and explanation. Our work, and those of others in the field, creates a baseline for building trustworthy and easy to deploy AI models in biomedicine.
Bio
Dr. Michel Dumontier is the Distinguished Professor of Data Science at Maastricht University, founder and executive director of the Institute of Data Science, and co-founder of the FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable) data principles. His research explores socio-technological approaches for responsible discovery science, which includes collaborative multi-modal knowledge graphs, privacy-preserving distributed data mining, and AI methods for drug discovery and personalized medicine. His work is supported through the Dutch National Research Agenda, the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research, Horizon Europe, the European Open Science Cloud, the US National Institutes of Health, and a Marie-Curie Innovative Training Network. He is the editor-in-chief for the journal Data Science and is internationally recognized for his contributions in bioinformatics, biomedical informatics, and semantic technologies including ontologies and linked data.
Introduction:
RNA interference (RNAi) or Post-Transcriptional Gene Silencing (PTGS) is an important biological process for modulating eukaryotic gene expression.
It is highly conserved process of posttranscriptional gene silencing by which double stranded RNA (dsRNA) causes sequence-specific degradation of mRNA sequences.
dsRNA-induced gene silencing (RNAi) is reported in a wide range of eukaryotes ranging from worms, insects, mammals and plants.
This process mediates resistance to both endogenous parasitic and exogenous pathogenic nucleic acids, and regulates the expression of protein-coding genes.
What are small ncRNAs?
micro RNA (miRNA)
short interfering RNA (siRNA)
Properties of small non-coding RNA:
Involved in silencing mRNA transcripts.
Called “small” because they are usually only about 21-24 nucleotides long.
Synthesized by first cutting up longer precursor sequences (like the 61nt one that Lee discovered).
Silence an mRNA by base pairing with some sequence on the mRNA.
Discovery of siRNA?
The first small RNA:
In 1993 Rosalind Lee (Victor Ambros lab) was studying a non- coding gene in C. elegans, lin-4, that was involved in silencing of another gene, lin-14, at the appropriate time in the
development of the worm C. elegans.
Two small transcripts of lin-4 (22nt and 61nt) were found to be complementary to a sequence in the 3' UTR of lin-14.
Because lin-4 encoded no protein, she deduced that it must be these transcripts that are causing the silencing by RNA-RNA interactions.
Types of RNAi ( non coding RNA)
MiRNA
Length (23-25 nt)
Trans acting
Binds with target MRNA in mismatch
Translation inhibition
Si RNA
Length 21 nt.
Cis acting
Bind with target Mrna in perfect complementary sequence
Piwi-RNA
Length ; 25 to 36 nt.
Expressed in Germ Cells
Regulates trnasposomes activity
MECHANISM OF RNAI:
First the double-stranded RNA teams up with a protein complex named Dicer, which cuts the long RNA into short pieces.
Then another protein complex called RISC (RNA-induced silencing complex) discards one of the two RNA strands.
The RISC-docked, single-stranded RNA then pairs with the homologous mRNA and destroys it.
THE RISC COMPLEX:
RISC is large(>500kD) RNA multi- protein Binding complex which triggers MRNA degradation in response to MRNA
Unwinding of double stranded Si RNA by ATP independent Helicase
Active component of RISC is Ago proteins( ENDONUCLEASE) which cleave target MRNA.
DICER: endonuclease (RNase Family III)
Argonaute: Central Component of the RNA-Induced Silencing Complex (RISC)
One strand of the dsRNA produced by Dicer is retained in the RISC complex in association with Argonaute
ARGONAUTE PROTEIN :
1.PAZ(PIWI/Argonaute/ Zwille)- Recognition of target MRNA
2.PIWI (p-element induced wimpy Testis)- breaks Phosphodiester bond of mRNA.)RNAse H activity.
MiRNA:
The Double-stranded RNAs are naturally produced in eukaryotic cells during development, and they have a key role in regulating gene expression .
(May 29th, 2024) Advancements in Intravital Microscopy- Insights for Preclini...Scintica Instrumentation
Intravital microscopy (IVM) is a powerful tool utilized to study cellular behavior over time and space in vivo. Much of our understanding of cell biology has been accomplished using various in vitro and ex vivo methods; however, these studies do not necessarily reflect the natural dynamics of biological processes. Unlike traditional cell culture or fixed tissue imaging, IVM allows for the ultra-fast high-resolution imaging of cellular processes over time and space and were studied in its natural environment. Real-time visualization of biological processes in the context of an intact organism helps maintain physiological relevance and provide insights into the progression of disease, response to treatments or developmental processes.
In this webinar we give an overview of advanced applications of the IVM system in preclinical research. IVIM technology is a provider of all-in-one intravital microscopy systems and solutions optimized for in vivo imaging of live animal models at sub-micron resolution. The system’s unique features and user-friendly software enables researchers to probe fast dynamic biological processes such as immune cell tracking, cell-cell interaction as well as vascularization and tumor metastasis with exceptional detail. This webinar will also give an overview of IVM being utilized in drug development, offering a view into the intricate interaction between drugs/nanoparticles and tissues in vivo and allows for the evaluation of therapeutic intervention in a variety of tissues and organs. This interdisciplinary collaboration continues to drive the advancements of novel therapeutic strategies.
This pdf is about the Schizophrenia.
For more details visit on YouTube; @SELF-EXPLANATORY;
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCAiarMZDNhe1A3Rnpr_WkzA/videos
Thanks...!
Nutraceutical market, scope and growth: Herbal drug technologyLokesh Patil
As consumer awareness of health and wellness rises, the nutraceutical market—which includes goods like functional meals, drinks, and dietary supplements that provide health advantages beyond basic nutrition—is growing significantly. As healthcare expenses rise, the population ages, and people want natural and preventative health solutions more and more, this industry is increasing quickly. Further driving market expansion are product formulation innovations and the use of cutting-edge technology for customized nutrition. With its worldwide reach, the nutraceutical industry is expected to keep growing and provide significant chances for research and investment in a number of categories, including vitamins, minerals, probiotics, and herbal supplements.
Astronomy Update- Curiosity’s exploration of Mars _ Local Briefs _ leadertele...
Herptiles
1. The Influence of Climate Change on Herptiles
Patriece Ausili, Paraskevi Roussos, Cristobal Yanez
patriece.ausili@macaulay.cuny.edu, paraskevi.roussos54@macaulay.cuny.edu, cristobal.yanez@macaulay.cuny.edu
Macaulay Honors College at CUNY, Queens College of CUNY
The problem
When doing scientific research, humans often hold some
sort of bias regarding climate change. This can lead to a
variety of results when analyzing a species and how they
are harmed or benefitted. There is a general
understanding that climate is warming mostly due to
human release of greenhouse gases. The effects of that
warming may be a good subject to investigate the role of
bias in science because there are advocates for and
critics against climate change. It’s important societally
and politically. Politically, the government allocates
more tax dollars to prevent climate change. Societally,
people must adapt to the changing climate. This field is a
very active research field because it has led to
experiments and observations to see if climate change
affects herptiles.
Abstract
We investigated whether researcher bias might affect
studies of climate change effects. We analyzed thirty
papers on the effects of climate on reptiles and
amphibians. We found that desirable species were much
more likely to have harmful predictions of climate
change than pests or invasive species. Therefore we can
conclude that there is a researcher bias on studies being
conducted concerning herptiles.
Hypothesis
Methods
The likelihood of climate change helping or harming
species should not be affected by the researchers’
sympathies to those species if researchers are unbiased.
● Null hypothesis: The predicted effects of climate
change do not vary for desirable and undesirable
species.
● Alternative Hypothesis: The predicted effects of
climate change do vary for desirable and undesirable
species.
The taxonomic group that was investigated was
Amphibians and Herptiles. We searched for papers using
Web of Science (Thompson Reuters). Some of the search
terms we used were: Amphibian*, (Climate Change),
Warming, Invasive, Pest, Extinct, Frog*, Harmful, Good,
Gecko*, Crocodile*, Bad, Endangered. We sorted the
desirable species as being beneficial and native to the
environment, and undesirable species as being harmful to
the environment, pest, and/or invasive. The positive
climate change effects helped the species, whereas the
negative climate change effects harmed and/or killed the
species.
Conclusion
Findings
Initially, we searched only “amphibian” which gave
us 26,803 results. We then added “invasive” which
narrowed us to 552 results. Next, we added “climate
change,” which reduced us to 59 results. As we added
or changed search terms, our numbers of reports
continuously decreased.
Predicted effect of climate
change
(Obs/Expec
ted)
Help
species
Harm species
Desirable or
Undesirable
species
Desirable 4 / 7.93 13/ 9.07
Undesirable 10/ 6.07 3/ 6.93
Works Cited
We found thirty articles on different amphibians and
reptiles. We were able to reject the null hypothesis.
P=.003, which makes this statistically significant.
The predicted effects of climate change do vary
between desirable and undesirable species. The
difference in predicted effects of climate change
suggest that there is bias. However, it also may be
due to the fact that invasive species are better
adapted to deal with changes in climate. In order to
test this observation, we could look up different
search terms, more herptiles to see if we could find
different effects of climate change on herptiles. This
would test whether or not there is a true researcher
bias. In addition, going out into the field will be an
effective way to see how climate change impacts
such species. We could place a desirable and
undesirable species in certain climates and test
whether how harmful these climates are. In
conclusion, there is a significant predicted effect of
climate change that varies for desirable and
undesirable species due to the actual occurrence of
climate change or researcher bias.
http://pngimg.com/img/animals/frog
Data
P=0.003, χ2=8.86, df =1
see link below
https://macaulay.cuny.edu/eportfolios/baker16
