2. • Hepatitis is an inflammation of the liver.
• It can damage and destroy liver cells.
3. CAUSES OF HEPATITIS IN ACHILD.
• Hepatitis in children can be caused by many
things.
• A child can get hepatitis by being exposed to a
virus that causes it.
• These viruses can include,
4. 1. Hepatis virus.
There are 5 main types of hepatitis
virus;A,B,C,D,E.
2. Cytomegalovirus.
This virus is apart of the herpes virus family.
3. Epstein-Barr virus. The virus causes
mononucleosis.
4. Chicken pox.
5. 5.Herpes simplex virus.
• Herpes can affect the face, the skin, and
above the waist or the genitals.
6.Adeno virus.
• Virus causes colds, tonslites and ear infection
in children.
7.Parvo virus.
6. • Some conditions can also cause hepatitis in
children. These include, auto immune liver
disease.
• In this condition, the child's immune system
makes antibodies that attack the liver.
This can cause inflammation that leads to
hepatitis
7. TYPES OF HEPATITIS.
1. HEPATITIS A.
This form of the virus is passed through fecal
oral contact. Its spread to children in the
following ways:
Eating food made by an infected person who
didn,t wash her hands well after visiting the
the bath room.
drinking water that is contaminated by
infected feaces
8. HEP A. CONT
Touching an infected person's feaces or dirty
diapers then putting his or her hands near the
mouth. Outbreaks may happen in child care
centers.
International travel to areas where hepattis A
is common.
Using illegal drugs.
Blood transfusions.(this is very rare).
9. HEPATITIS B
• Is spread when blood from an infected person
enters another person's body. i.e through
needle sticks, sharp instruments, and sharing
items.
• Babies may get the virus during pregnacyif
their mothers has the virus.
• Children can spread it to others through
household contactor cuts.
10. The following children are at risk of
getting Hep.B
• Children born to moms with hep.B
• Children born to mothers who have come
from countries where Hep B is wide spread.
• Children who live in long term care facilities or
who are disabled.
• Children who have a blood clotting problem
and need blood products.
• Children who live in a house hold where some
one is infected with the liver.
11. HEPATITIS C
• Hepatitis c passes through infected blood.
• It can also be passed through sexual contact.
• Mothers can also pass it to their babies during
pregnancy.
12. HEPATITIS D
• This type of hepatitis can only happen with
hepatitis B.
• This one is rare because the hepatitis B virus is
given to children.
13. HEPATITIS E
• This form of hepatitis is like Hep. A .spread
through fecal oral contant. Its rare.
14. SYMPTOMS OF HEPATITAS IN
CHILDREN
• Symptoms can happen a bit differently in each
child.
• Some children don’t have any symptoms.
• Symptoms of acute hepatitis include,
Flue- like symptoms.
Yellowing of the skin or whites of the eye.
Fever.
Nausea or vomiting.
Loss of appetite.
16. HOW HEPATITIS IS DIAGONISED IN
ACHILD.
• History taking.
• Detailed examination.
• Investigations.
Liver enzymes,
Liver function.
Antibody and polymerase chain reaction.
Cellular blood counts.
u/s.
17. How hepatitis is managed in a child
• managment will depend on child's symptoms,
age, general health and it will also depend on
how severe the condition is.
• Child's treatment will depend on what's
causing his or her hepatitis.
18. managment
• The goal of treatment is to stop damage to
child's liver,
• its also to help ease symptoms.
• And hence treatment may include,
• Medicines to control itching, treat the virus, or
to control an auto immune disease.
• Supportive care, like eating a health diet and
getting enough rest.
19. managment cont
• Avoiding alcohol and illegal drugs.
• Liver transplant.
This is done for end stage liver failure.
Taking actions to prevent the spread of viral
hepatitis.
