Haplogroups 23and me
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Robert's maternal haplogroup is H1, which originated in Europe and Central Asia approximately 13,000 years ago. His paternal haplogroup is I1, which has its origins in Northern Europe around 28,000 years ago. Haplogroups can provide insight into the ancient geographic origins and migration patterns of one's maternal and paternal ancestors from thousands of years ago based on certain genetic variants within mitochondrial and Y-chromosome DNA.
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What physical features do you have with your
This document discusses theories of heredity and genetics, including the pangene hypothesis which stated that a parent's traits are unequally expressed in offspring, the blending hypothesis where offspring traits are a blend of both parents, and the blood theory where blood carries hereditary information between generations. It then describes Gregor Mendel's experiments crossing pea plants in his garden in the 1860s, which were the foundation of genetics although his work was not recognized for over 50 years.
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This document discusses several genetic principles:
- Single gene disorders are caused by mutations in a single gene, while chromosome abnormalities are caused by atypical chromosome numbers or structures.
- Multifactorial disorders result from mutations in multiple genes that may interact with the environment.
- Karyotypes can help predict the chances of parents passing on genetic diseases by examining their combined chromosomes.
- Cloning replicates an individual's genetic makeup using technology rather than sexual reproduction, and could lead to declining genetic diversity and social issues if used to mass produce identical people.
Sexual reproduction
Sexual reproduction involves the fusion of gametes, or sex cells. Gametes like sperm and eggs contain half the number of chromosomes as normal body cells. When the nuclei of a sperm and egg fuse in fertilization, the fertilized egg contains the full number of chromosomes. This variation between parental chromosomes ensures no child is identical to either parent. One pair of chromosomes determines sex - females have two X chromosomes and males have one X and one Y chromosome.
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Reproductive clonning
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What physical features do you have with your
This document discusses theories of heredity and genetics, including the pangene hypothesis which stated that a parent's traits are unequally expressed in offspring, the blending hypothesis where offspring traits are a blend of both parents, and the blood theory where blood carries hereditary information between generations. It then describes Gregor Mendel's experiments crossing pea plants in his garden in the 1860s, which were the foundation of genetics although his work was not recognized for over 50 years.
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This document discusses several genetic principles:
- Single gene disorders are caused by mutations in a single gene, while chromosome abnormalities are caused by atypical chromosome numbers or structures.
- Multifactorial disorders result from mutations in multiple genes that may interact with the environment.
- Karyotypes can help predict the chances of parents passing on genetic diseases by examining their combined chromosomes.
- Cloning replicates an individual's genetic makeup using technology rather than sexual reproduction, and could lead to declining genetic diversity and social issues if used to mass produce identical people.
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Sexual reproduction involves the fusion of gametes, or sex cells. Gametes like sperm and eggs contain half the number of chromosomes as normal body cells. When the nuclei of a sperm and egg fuse in fertilization, the fertilized egg contains the full number of chromosomes. This variation between parental chromosomes ensures no child is identical to either parent. One pair of chromosomes determines sex - females have two X chromosomes and males have one X and one Y chromosome.
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Human body cells contain 46 chromosomes. The first 22 pairs are called autosomes, and they
contain numerous genes that affect the traits of the individual. The last pair, number 23, are the
sex chromosomes. The sex chromosomes determine gender (i.e., either male or female), but there
are other genes on this pair of chromosomes as well. Males sex chromosomes are XY, while
female sex chromosomes are XX . The gametes in a human (either egg cells or sperm cells)
contain only 23 chromosomes. Fertilization, the fusion of an egg and a sperm, restores the total
of 46 chromosomes in a human zygote. Non-gamete cells are called somatic cells, and they have
all 46 chromosomes in them. 1. Your sex chromosomes: XX Just as in Mendel's pea plant
experiments, genes in humans can be dominant or recessive, and the results of "crosses" can be
predicted using Punnett squares. A phenotype is the physical expression of a gene (made up of a
pair of alleles). The genotype is the actual genetic makeup of the allele pair. An individual
having two identical alleles for a gene is said to be homozygous. There can be homozygous
dominant or homozygous recessive combinations. Dominant traits are represented by capital
letters; recessive by lower case letters. An individual having non-identical alleles for a gene is
said to be heterozygous. Note that the phenotype of a heterozygous individual is determined by
the dominant gene. Dominant alleles tend to cover up the presence of any recessive alleles. In a
case of alleles that show simple dominance / recessiveness, it is not possible to know if an
individual who possesses a dominant trait has the homozygous dominant or the hatarnzunniic
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Example: What phenotypes and genotypes could one expect from a cross between two pea
plants, one true-breeding for yellow seeds and the other true-breeding for green seeds? Yellow
seeds are dominant to green. Complete the Punnett square below. Y The true-breeding The true-
breeding green seed plant yellow seed plant can only contribute can only contribute a recessive
allele. a dominant allele. Many human traits are controlled by a single pair of alleles and through
simple dominant and recessive rules. Example: Tongue rolling - If you can roll your tongue
lengthwise, you have the trait controlled by the dominant allele. Let " R " represent the dominant
allele in your genotype and r represent the recessive allele. If you have the dominant phenotype,
how do you know if you are homozygous dominant or heterozygous. That depends upon
knowing if one of your parents couldn't roll their tongue. For example, my Dad cannot roll his
tongue but I can. So, my genotype is Rr for this trait. If you do know know about your parents,
then you have to put both possible genotypes for yourself, i.e. RR or Rr . 2. What is your
phenotype (roller or non-roller)? 3. What is your genotype? A. If you and your parents can both
ro.
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This document discusses various concepts related to inheritance patterns, including:
1. Polygenic inheritance involves multiple genes contributing to a quantitative trait. Skin color in humans is an example that is influenced by two pairs of genes.
2. Multiple alleles occur when more than two alternative forms of a gene exist at a single locus. Blood groups are determined by multiple alleles acting co-dominantly.
3. Sex linkage refers to genes located on sex chromosomes that are inherited together. Examples of sex-linked traits in humans include color blindness and hemophilia.
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This document discusses heredity and inheritance of traits from parents to offspring. It explains that traits are passed down through genes located on chromosomes. Parents each contribute half of their child's genes through sperm and egg cells during fertilization. The combination of these genes from both parents leads to variation among offspring. Traits can be dominant or recessive and influence phenotypes. Non-Mendelian inheritance like incomplete dominance and multiple alleles are also discussed. The environment can impact how genes are expressed.
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The document summarizes several genetics problems involving monohybrid and dihybrid crosses between organisms with different traits.
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A dihybrid cross between a heterozygous long-winged, big-peaked bird and a homozygous short-winged, small-peaked bird would produce offspring that are 25% each of long-winged/big peak, long-winged/small peak, short-winged/big peak, and short-winged/small peak.
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2) Around 10% of non-Africans have a Neanderthal gene variant related to skeletal and muscular development.
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Haplogroups are groups of people that share a common ancestor based on a particular genetic mutation they share. While members of the same haplogroup share one ancestor, they can look physically different. Crossing over in chromosomes means chromosomes swap chunks of DNA, giving each new generation a different combination of genes from their parents. The Y chromosome is inherited unchanged from father to son throughout generations, while mitochondrial DNA is inherited only from mothers and passed from mothers to their children, but only daughters pass it on further. Both the Y chromosome and mitochondrial DNA are used to determine haplogroups, which can provide clues about human migration patterns.
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Identical twins occur when a single fertilized egg splits into two embryos, while fraternal twins develop from two separate eggs fertilized by different sperm. Conjoined twins result when an egg begins to split like identical twins but fails to completely separate, causing the embryos to share parts of the body. Heredity plays a large role in determining physical traits that are passed down from parents to children through genes and chromosomes. Factors like genetics and environment can also impact prenatal development and may cause birth defects.
Describe or explain how SNPs in gens at evolutionary conserved break.pdf
Describe or explain how SNPs in gens at evolutionary conserved breakpoints can lead to
dramatic phenotypic differences between species like chimpanzees and humans even though
their genomes are 98% similar? Provide and describe or explain an example of one gene with
SNP differences between gorillas and humans that might have resulted changes between humans
and apes.
Solution
A DNA sequence is a linear combination of four nucleotides. The two sequences when compared
position by position, and wherever a different nucleotides at the same position occurs, that\'s a
SNP. SNPs reflect past mutations that were mostly (but not exclusively) unique events, and two
individuals sharing a variant allele are thereby marked with a common evolutionary heritage.
Analysis of shared pattern of SNP variation can identify the genes similar to our ancestors.
Although humans and chimps have many identical genes, they often use them in different ways.
Same gene can be expressed more in humans and less in chimps. The same genes are expressed
in the same brain regions in human, chimp and gorilla, but in different amounts thereby resulting
in difference in brain activity. Thousands of differences like these affect brain development and
function, and help explain why the human brain is larger and smarter.
The chimpanzee immune system is surprisingly similar to ours. Most viruses that cause diseases
like AIDS and hepatitis in human can also infect chimpanzees. In case of malaria parasite which
can be transmitted by mosquito bite in human does not infect chimps. A small DNA difference
makes human red blood cells vulnerable to this parasite, while chimp blood cells are resistant.
Also the characteristic of speech in human is the result of SNP which is absent in chimps or apes..
Genetics research-template
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- Heredity is the transmission of genetically based characters from parents to offspring. Variation refers to differences among individuals of the same species.
- Chromosomes carry genes and determine traits. Sex is determined by X and Y chromosomes.
- Pedigree charts show the pattern of inheritance in a family. Punnett squares predict offspring genotypes from parental crosses.
- Mendel's laws of inheritance include dominance, segregation, and independent assortment observed in his pea plant experiments.
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Senior Project Presentation[1]
I investigated the assumption that race and ancestry can be determined using DNA sequence analysis. I was able to present the results of my senior project at Luther College Research Symposium in April 2010.
Human body cells contain 46 chromosomes- The first 22 pairs are called.pdf
Human body cells contain 46 chromosomes. The first 22 pairs are called autosomes, and they
contain numerous genes that affect the traits of the individual. The last pair, number 23, are the
sex chromosomes. The sex chromosomes determine gender (i.e., either male or female), but there
are other genes on this pair of chromosomes as well. Males sex chromosomes are XY, while
female sex chromosomes are XX . The gametes in a human (either egg cells or sperm cells)
contain only 23 chromosomes. Fertilization, the fusion of an egg and a sperm, restores the total
of 46 chromosomes in a human zygote. Non-gamete cells are called somatic cells, and they have
all 46 chromosomes in them. 1. Your sex chromosomes: XX Just as in Mendel's pea plant
experiments, genes in humans can be dominant or recessive, and the results of "crosses" can be
predicted using Punnett squares. A phenotype is the physical expression of a gene (made up of a
pair of alleles). The genotype is the actual genetic makeup of the allele pair. An individual
having two identical alleles for a gene is said to be homozygous. There can be homozygous
dominant or homozygous recessive combinations. Dominant traits are represented by capital
letters; recessive by lower case letters. An individual having non-identical alleles for a gene is
said to be heterozygous. Note that the phenotype of a heterozygous individual is determined by
the dominant gene. Dominant alleles tend to cover up the presence of any recessive alleles. In a
case of alleles that show simple dominance / recessiveness, it is not possible to know if an
individual who possesses a dominant trait has the homozygous dominant or the hatarnzunniic
nanntune haced an nhanntuns tha onlv nne wo knnwe for rertain is the Accessibility: Investigate
Example: What phenotypes and genotypes could one expect from a cross between two pea
plants, one true-breeding for yellow seeds and the other true-breeding for green seeds? Yellow
seeds are dominant to green. Complete the Punnett square below. Y The true-breeding The true-
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allele. a dominant allele. Many human traits are controlled by a single pair of alleles and through
simple dominant and recessive rules. Example: Tongue rolling - If you can roll your tongue
lengthwise, you have the trait controlled by the dominant allele. Let " R " represent the dominant
allele in your genotype and r represent the recessive allele. If you have the dominant phenotype,
how do you know if you are homozygous dominant or heterozygous. That depends upon
knowing if one of your parents couldn't roll their tongue. For example, my Dad cannot roll his
tongue but I can. So, my genotype is Rr for this trait. If you do know know about your parents,
then you have to put both possible genotypes for yourself, i.e. RR or Rr . 2. What is your
phenotype (roller or non-roller)? 3. What is your genotype? A. If you and your parents can both
ro.
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This document discusses various concepts related to inheritance patterns, including:
1. Polygenic inheritance involves multiple genes contributing to a quantitative trait. Skin color in humans is an example that is influenced by two pairs of genes.
2. Multiple alleles occur when more than two alternative forms of a gene exist at a single locus. Blood groups are determined by multiple alleles acting co-dominantly.
3. Sex linkage refers to genes located on sex chromosomes that are inherited together. Examples of sex-linked traits in humans include color blindness and hemophilia.
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heredityinheritanceandvariation-160629084046.ppt
This document discusses heredity and inheritance of traits from parents to offspring. It explains that traits are passed down through genes located on chromosomes. Parents each contribute half of their child's genes through sperm and egg cells during fertilization. The combination of these genes from both parents leads to variation among offspring. Traits can be dominant or recessive and influence phenotypes. Non-Mendelian inheritance like incomplete dominance and multiple alleles are also discussed. The environment can impact how genes are expressed.
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The document summarizes several genetics problems involving monohybrid and dihybrid crosses between organisms with different traits.
For a monohybrid cross between a homozygous red-eyed rat and a homozygous black-eyed rat, all offspring would have black eyes.
A dihybrid cross between a heterozygous long-winged, big-peaked bird and a homozygous short-winged, small-peaked bird would produce offspring that are 25% each of long-winged/big peak, long-winged/small peak, short-winged/big peak, and short-winged/small peak.
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1) Recent genetic evidence shows that all non-Africans have approximately 2.5% Neanderthal ancestry from interbreeding between ancestral modern humans and Neanderthals after modern humans migrated out of Africa.
2) Around 10% of non-Africans have a Neanderthal gene variant related to skeletal and muscular development.
3) Having Neanderthal ancestry does not make some groups inferior to others, as all human populations are closely related despite differences in external appearance.
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The document discusses two theories of human dispersal and evolution:
1) The Replacement Theory ("Out of Africa" hypothesis) proposes that Homo sapiens arose in Africa and replaced all other human populations without interbreeding as they migrated.
2) The Multiregional Theory proposes that Homo erectus dispersed from Africa and evolved independently in different regions with some gene flow, leading to modern human diversity. Genetic evidence best supports the former while fossil evidence best supports the latter.
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Haplogroups are groups of people that share a common ancestor based on a particular genetic mutation they share. While members of the same haplogroup share one ancestor, they can look physically different. Crossing over in chromosomes means chromosomes swap chunks of DNA, giving each new generation a different combination of genes from their parents. The Y chromosome is inherited unchanged from father to son throughout generations, while mitochondrial DNA is inherited only from mothers and passed from mothers to their children, but only daughters pass it on further. Both the Y chromosome and mitochondrial DNA are used to determine haplogroups, which can provide clues about human migration patterns.
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The document discusses different types and definitions of families. It begins by defining immediate and extended family members. It then describes common family types like nuclear, matrifocal, conjugal, blended, and extended families. It discusses the role of families in socializing children and how family structures have changed over time and vary across cultures. The document also covers kinship terminology, degrees of genetic relatedness between family members, and common family roles.
pedigree analysis
Pedigree analysis is an important tool for studying human inherited diseases. Pedigrees make relationships within families easier to visualize, especially in large families. They are used to determine the mode of inheritance, such as dominant, recessive, X-linked, etc. The document then discusses why pedigrees are used for humans instead of other methods due to small family sizes and uncontrolled matings in humans. It provides examples of different modes of inheritance and discusses analyzing dominant and recessive pedigrees to determine genotypes.
Heredity
Identical twins occur when a single fertilized egg splits into two embryos, while fraternal twins develop from two separate eggs fertilized by different sperm. Conjoined twins result when an egg begins to split like identical twins but fails to completely separate, causing the embryos to share parts of the body. Heredity plays a large role in determining physical traits that are passed down from parents to children through genes and chromosomes. Factors like genetics and environment can also impact prenatal development and may cause birth defects.
Describe or explain how SNPs in gens at evolutionary conserved break.pdf
Describe or explain how SNPs in gens at evolutionary conserved breakpoints can lead to
dramatic phenotypic differences between species like chimpanzees and humans even though
their genomes are 98% similar? Provide and describe or explain an example of one gene with
SNP differences between gorillas and humans that might have resulted changes between humans
and apes.
Solution
A DNA sequence is a linear combination of four nucleotides. The two sequences when compared
position by position, and wherever a different nucleotides at the same position occurs, that\'s a
SNP. SNPs reflect past mutations that were mostly (but not exclusively) unique events, and two
individuals sharing a variant allele are thereby marked with a common evolutionary heritage.
Analysis of shared pattern of SNP variation can identify the genes similar to our ancestors.
Although humans and chimps have many identical genes, they often use them in different ways.
Same gene can be expressed more in humans and less in chimps. The same genes are expressed
in the same brain regions in human, chimp and gorilla, but in different amounts thereby resulting
in difference in brain activity. Thousands of differences like these affect brain development and
function, and help explain why the human brain is larger and smarter.
The chimpanzee immune system is surprisingly similar to ours. Most viruses that cause diseases
like AIDS and hepatitis in human can also infect chimpanzees. In case of malaria parasite which
can be transmitted by mosquito bite in human does not infect chimps. A small DNA difference
makes human red blood cells vulnerable to this parasite, while chimp blood cells are resistant.
Also the characteristic of speech in human is the result of SNP which is absent in chimps or apes..
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Genetic counseling helps prospective parents with genetic disorders by advising them on the consequences and nature of the disorder, the probability of transmitting it to children, and options to prevent or ameliorate it. Karyotypes, which show full chromosome sets, can predict genetic disorders by identifying extra or missing chromosomes. While cloning may help endangered species, reproductive cloning raises issues regarding an individual's psychological well-being.
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This document provides an overview of genetics concepts including heredity, variation, character and traits, chromosomes, sex determination, pedigree charts, Mendel's laws of inheritance, and mutation. Some key points:
- Heredity is the transmission of genetically based characters from parents to offspring. Variation refers to differences among individuals of the same species.
- Chromosomes carry genes and determine traits. Sex is determined by X and Y chromosomes.
- Pedigree charts show the pattern of inheritance in a family. Punnett squares predict offspring genotypes from parental crosses.
- Mendel's laws of inheritance include dominance, segregation, and independent assortment observed in his pea plant experiments.
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Human body cells contain 46 chromosomes- The first 22 pairs are called.pdf
Human body cells contain 46 chromosomes- The first 22 pairs are called.pdf
Describe or explain how SNPs in gens at evolutionary conserved break.pdf
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This document summarizes the 65 genetic reports available from 23andMe, including ancestry, traits, wellness, and carrier status reports. It lists each report category and provides a brief 1-2 sentence description of what each report analyzes. The document is an overview of the types of genetic information that can be learned from 23andMe's DNA analysis service.
Dna relatives 23and me
This document is a list of genetic relatives found through 23andMe DNA testing. It shows 1807 relatives ranging from second cousins to fifth cousins, displaying each person's name, gender, estimated relationship, percentage of DNA shared, and number of DNA segments shared. The closest relative is a second cousin who shares 3.06% of DNA across 10 segments. Most of the relatives listed are estimated to be third to fifth cousins sharing between 0.2-1.12% of DNA.
2015 bayer press release
The European Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) has recommended approval of Bayer's new recombinant factor VIII compound BAY 81-8973 for the treatment and prophylaxis of bleeding in patients with hemophilia A of all age groups in the EU. Clinical trials demonstrated that BAY 81-8973 controlled bleeds and prevented bleeds in hemophilia A patients when used prophylactically two or three times per week. Bayer is committed to developing innovative treatments for hemophilia and other blood disorders and sees BAY 81-8973 as an important new potential treatment option.
Proceedings of the institution of mechanical engineers, part g journal of ae...
Proceedings of the institution of mechanical engineers, part g journal of ae...Spectre Industries, LLC
This document presents a method for predicting the mass of a blended wing body (BWB) airframe. The method uses a theoretically-based approach modified with empirical data from other aircraft. It treats the airframe mass primarily as a wing mass problem, with penalties added to account for using part of the wing as a payload volume. The method was applied to several BWB design studies and provided reasonably accurate mass predictions, though it cannot be fully validated since no full-size BWB aircraft have been built and flown.Platinum-Partnership-Brochure
This document describes an exclusive membership opportunity called the Anthony Robbins Platinum Partnership. The partnership provides unlimited access to Anthony Robbins' personal development events, elite coaching, networking with other high-achieving members, and participation in luxury international adventures led by Robbins. A portion of membership fees supports the Anthony Robbins Foundation to help those in need. Membership is very limited and by application only.
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In addition to infrastructure and capacity constraints, CAR-Ts face a very different risk-benefit dynamic in autoimmune compared to oncology, highlighting the need for tolerable therapies with low adverse event risk. CAR-NK and Treg-based therapies are also being developed in certain autoimmune disorders and may demonstrate favorable safety profiles. Several novel non-cell therapies such as bispecific antibodies, nanobodies, and RNAi drugs, may also offer future alternative competitive solutions with variable value propositions.
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Despite these headwinds, industry leaders and investors remain confident that cell therapies are poised to address significant unmet need in patients suffering from autoimmune disorders. However, the extent of this impact on the treatment landscape remains to be seen, as the industry rapidly approaches an inflection point.
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Overall life span (LS) was 1671.7±1721.6 days and cumulative 5YS reached 62.4%, 10 years – 50.4%, 20 years – 44.6%. 94 LCP lived more than 5 years without cancer (LS=2958.6±1723.6 days), 22 – more than 10 years (LS=5571±1841.8 days). 67 LCP died because of LC (LS=471.9±344 days). AT significantly improved 5YS (68% vs. 53.7%) (P=0.028 by log-rank test). Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: N0-N12, T3-4, blood cell circuit, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells-CC and blood cells subpopulations), LC cell dynamics, recalcification time, heparin tolerance, prothrombin index, protein, AT, procedure type (P=0.000-0.031). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and N0-12 (rank=1), thrombocytes/CC (rank=2), segmented neutrophils/CC (3), eosinophils/CC (4), erythrocytes/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), stick neutrophils/CC (8), leucocytes/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (error=0.000; area under ROC curve=1.0).
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Uma “experiência pós-natal positiva” é um resultado importante para todas as mulheres que dão à luz e para os seus recém-nascidos, estabelecendo as bases para a melhoria da saúde e do bem-estar a curto e longo prazo. Uma experiência pós-natal positiva é definida como aquela em que as mulheres, pessoas que gestam, os recém-nascidos, os casais, os pais, os cuidadores e as famílias recebem informação consistente, garantia e apoio de profissionais de saúde motivados; e onde um sistema de saúde flexível e com recursos reconheça as necessidades das mulheres e dos bebês e respeite o seu contexto cultural.
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O estabelecimento da amamentação e o manejo das principais intercorrências é contemplada.
Recomendamos muito.
Vamos discutir essas recomendações no nosso curso de pós-graduação em Aleitamento no Instituto Ciclos.
Esta publicação só está disponível em inglês até o momento.
Prof. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
www.agostodourado.com
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Rasamanikya is a excellent preparation in the field of Rasashastra, it is used in various Kushtha Roga, Shwasa, Vicharchika, Bhagandara, Vatarakta, and Phiranga Roga. In this article Preparation& Comparative analytical profile for both Formulationon i.e Rasamanikya prepared by Kushmanda swarasa & Churnodhaka Shodita Haratala. The study aims to provide insights into the comparative efficacy and analytical aspects of these formulations for enhanced therapeutic outcomes.
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Haplogroups 23and me
- 1. 12/14/2015 Haplogroups 23andMe https://you.23andme.com/reports/haplogroups/#assessmenthaplogroupsgeneticresulthaplogroupsgeneticresulthaplogroups 1/4 Haplogroups Haplogroups can tell you where a small portion of your ancestors originated thousands of years ago. Your haplogroups can shed light on the ancient origins of your maternal (your mother's mother's...mother) and paternal (father's father's...father) ancestors, and are assigned based on detecting certain genetic variants unique to each haplogroup. GENETIC RESULT Robert, your maternal haplogroup is H1. Your paternal haplogroup is I1. Maternal Haplogroup H1 Paternal Haplogroup I1 Haplogroup: Age: Region: Maternal Haplogroup Maternal haplogroups are families of mitochondrial DNA types that all trace back to a single mutation at a specific place and time. By looking at the geographic distribution of mtDNA types, we learn how our ancient female ancestors migrated throughout the world. H1 branches from H. H1 13,000 years Europe, Near East, Central Asia, Northwestern Africa Maternal Haplogroup Tree See full Haplogroup tree scientific details 125,000 years ago
- 2. 12/14/2015 Haplogroups 23andMe https://you.23andme.com/reports/haplogroups/#assessmenthaplogroupsgeneticresulthaplogroupsgeneticresulthaplogroups 2/4 INTERPRETING HAPLOGROUPS Paternal Haplogroup I1 See Haplogroup Tree Haplogroup: Age: Region: Paternal Haplogroup Paternal haplogroups are families of Y chromosomes that all trace back to a single mutation at a specific place and time. By looking at the geographic distribution of these related lineages, we learn how our ancient male ancestors migrated throughout the world. I1 branches from I. I1 28,000 years Northern Europe See Haplogroup Tree Paternal Haplogroup Tree See full Haplogroup tree scientific details 125,000 years ago I1 is a subgroup of I
- 3. 12/14/2015 Haplogroups 23andMe https://you.23andme.com/reports/haplogroups/#assessmenthaplogroupsgeneticresulthaplogroupsgeneticresulthaplogroups 3/4 This report can tell you Where a small portion of your ancestors originated thousands of years ago. About additional clues supporting your relationship to a DNA relative. They can also indicate whether you share a maternal or paternal ancestor with that individual. This report cannot tell you If you definitely share your maternal or paternal haplogroups with your relatives. If you are closely related. A woman's paternal haplogroup assignment. Women can link their accounts to a male relative on their father's side to receive a paternal haplogroup result. ABOUT YOUR HAPLOGROUPS Understand your haplogroup's widespread migration patterns. Maternal haplogroup Paternal haplogroup Haplogroup H1 Migration Origin: Haplogroup H1 is widespread in Europe, particularly the western part of the continent. It started spreading throughout Europe about 13,000 years ago, not long after the Ice Age ended. Highlight: H1 appears to have been common in Doggerland, an ancient land now flooded by the North Sea. Example Populations: Spanish, Berbers, Lebanese WHAT YOU CAN DO Do more with your Haplogroup results. Join the research and help us understand more about how your ancestry relates to genetics.
- 4. 12/14/2015 Haplogroups 23andMe https://you.23andme.com/reports/haplogroups/#assessmenthaplogroupsgeneticresulthaplogroupsgeneticresulthaplogroups 4/4 Compare your results to your family and friends. Join the discussion with other 23andMe customers interested in haplogroups. ©2015 23andMe, Inc. All Rights Reserved.