This document discusses various topics related to occupational health and safety, including: - Equations used to calculate time-weighted average exposures and apply the inverse square law to environmental hazards. - Equations for evaluating exposure to multiple hazards. - Components of a sampling train and how devices like cyclone air cleaners work. - Topics like colorimetric tubes, direct reading instruments, parameters for indoor air quality, and types of gases measured by combustible gas instruments. - Controls for hazardous situations and appropriate use of PPE. - Components of a local exhaust ventilation system and different types of exhaust hoods. - How devices like electrostatic precipitators and absorbers function to clean air

1. h w for safety
Define the Industrial Hygiene? Calculating time-weighted average (TWA) is an important
step in evaluating occupational hazard exposure. Please list ALL equations that we have
discussed in this class, and indicate what hazard it applies?As a safety professional, you can
apply inverse square law to protect workers from overexposing to environmental hazards.
Please list ALL hazards that we have discussed in the class that can apply the inverse square
law, and the specific equations (when appropriate) that can be used for calculation:
Occupational exposure to multiple sources of hazards are common in workplace. Please list
ALL equations that we have discussed in this class about mixture exposure. Discuss 1) the
condition(s) / assumption(s) it is bases on; and 2) the criteria for judging if it is in
compliance. You collect an air sample for total dust using a suction pump with a polyvinyl
chloride filter cassette (containing a filter). The sample time is 7 hours and 35 minutes. Your
flow rate is 1.95 liters of air per minute. What volume of air did you sample in cubic meters?
A laboratory fume hood has a face area of 3 feet high and 4 feet wide. The face velocity is
110 feet per minute. What is the total Q volume in ft3/minute or cfm of air passing through
the hood opening? Remember A (area) (ft2) = length (ft) x width (ft). Answer the following
short questions. Identify the components of a sampling train you would use to collect an
open face total dust sample on an employee. A metal parts fabricator uses a cyclone as a
pre-separator for cleaning the exhaust air from the ventilation system used on their
grinding operation. Explain how a cyclone air cleaner works. Define the following terms
related to sampling: Please describe what colorimetric tube is, and how does it work for
detecting occupational hazards? What are the advantages of using direct reading
instruments for assessing occupational exposures to chemical hazards? Indoor air quality
(IAQ) is an important environmental factors to be considered when evaluating occupational
health hazards. May instruments and tools can be used to assess IAQ, such as WBGT,
psychrometers and gas detector tubes. In addition to temperature, what other parameters
related to IAQ are typically measured? Combustible gas instrument (CGI) are one of the
most common utilized Direct Reading Instruments in the field, such as the 4-gas monitor,
which usually designed for use in confined space entry with sensor for the following 4 types
of gases, including: List suitable controls for the following hazardous situations. For
example, you can install ventilation, use PPE, or a shield. However, your selection must be
appropriate for the hazard involved & being specific (e.g., ear plugs, not just PPE). Also
consider hours of exposure. Per OSHA standards, when is the use of PPE acceptable for use
for specific circumstances? What are the five basic components of a local exhaust ventilation

2. system? What’s the air cleaning method operating on the principle of collecting a
gaseous chemical on the surface of a particle? List at least two types of granular sorbents
that are typically used in this type of air cleaning method. What are 3 basic types of hoods?
List at least one important characteristic, and one specific example hood for each type.
Please explain the benefits of adding a flange to a hood to local exhaust hoods: Local exhaust
hoods must be designed properly to work well. For the following types of exposures, please
select a specific type of local exhaust hood that can be used for reducing employee
exposures, and explain why this type of hood will work. A coal fired power plant uses an
electrostatic precipitator to remove particles from the exhaust airstream before the exhaust
steam is released to the atmosphere. Explain in a few sentences how an electrostatic
precipitator works to clean the airstream. A chromium-plating company uses an absorber
to help clean the air exhausted from the ventilation system. Explain how this process works
(describe absorption as it occurs in an industrial ventilation system). List the four specific
agents that General or Dilution Ventilation is used to control. Identify a news report related
to the breach of ABIH code of ethics. Include the information source (ex. website link) and
explain which code of ethics is violated and why? 5) Limiting the duration of an individual’s
exposure to airborne contaminants or excess noise is a widely used administrative control
approach, which can be achieved by job rotation, different work assignment, or the control
of time periods in workplace with the contaminant or noise source. Please determine the
equation(s) that can be used to determine the maximum time (PEL) allowed to be exposed
to a known sound pressure level? 6) Explain the difference between diffuse and specular
reflection as it pertains to LASER beam reflections.7)What is the electronic instrument most
often used by OSH professionals to measure heat stress? 8)Describe the various
thermometers that are used to collect a WBGT measurement, including its components, and
what type of temperature parameter(s) they measure. 9)(3 points) You are monitoring a
worker outdoors on Oct 16, 2019. It is a bright sunny day. You collect temperature
measurements as follows: natural wet bulb (Tnwb) = 85oF, dry bulb (Tdb) = 105oF, Globe
(Tg) = 120 oF. What is the resulting WBGT measurement?10) If you have calculated a WBGT
heat stress measurement as 102 °F, what was the corresponding temperature in °C? 11)
Define the following different type of heat illnesses: Heat syncope: Heat exhaustion: Heat
stroke:12) Define the following ergonomic terms. Anthropometry:Bursitis:Cumulative
trauma disorders (CTD):Carpal tunnel: Ergonomics:Ischemia:Trigger Finger:13) What are
the three primary risk factors for developing ergonomic disorders?14) ________attaches
muscles to bone, and _________attaches bone to bone or cartilage. 15) When dealing with
biological samples, what does the concept of “universal precaution― mean?16)
Identify at least one unique features for the following biohazards: Hepatitis B and C virus
(HBV & HCV):Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV):Mycobacterium tuberculosis
(MTB):Hantavirus:Ebola virus:Legionella:Swine Brain Splatter Disease:17) When you
conduct samplings and perform data analysis, you need to consider both accuracy and
precision. What are accuracy and precision? 18) There are many chemicals in workplaces.
However, approximately how many chemicals have PEL value?19) What difference are
among LD50, LC50 and ID50?a). What type of contaminants are normally collected via
sorbent tubes (e.g., Charcoal tube or Silica Gel tube)? b). A rotameter is what type of

3. calibration device? c). A bubble or electronic flowmeter is what type of calibration device?
a) Personal sampling:b) Area sampling:c) Active sampling:d) Passive sampling:e) Grab
sample: f) Integrated sample:a). An employee works in a very dusty environment where
PNOR (Particulates Not Otherwise Regulated) particulate concentrations are 30mg/m3. b).
Working near an open tank of molten metal (steel in production), if the hazard of concern is
radiant heat. c). A solvent tank of trichloroethylene that has an automated dipping line
where parts are submerged into the solvent tank. d). A tank of molten lead that an employee
dips (using his hands) into 8 hours per day. The tank has no ventilation at this time. The
hazard is lead fume. What do you use to protect the worker? e). Noise levels of 105 dBA that
an employee is exposed to for 3.5 hours per day. f). Hazardous waste workers who are
moving leaking drums of unknown chemicals, thus the hazard is unknown. a) A solvent
cleaning tank that employees periodically place part in to clean. b) A heated solvent tank
that is located 30 feet from the closest employee. c) A very toxic material that needs to be
maintained under a negative pressure. d) A Table saw in a wood working shop. e) The paint
operation in an auto repair shop.