4. Perdana Botanical Garden is located at the
heart of Kuala Lumpur. Bounded by
modern high rises and historical
landmarks. It is the first large-scale
recreation park. Measuring 91.6 hectares,
and established in 1888.
10. Structures around site includes the Bamboo
Playhouse and the Perdana Canopy located
adjacent to site.
The bamboo playhouse has an approximate
320 sqm with 31 and elevated platforms. The
canopy however spans about 35,000 sqft.
Both structures are able to cater a large
number of people.
11. Other existing structures include a
sunken garden and also a playground
adjacent to the sunken garden.
They act as the focal points of the
park for the visitors
12.
13. There is one gazebo located
adjacent to the white bridge and is
not sufficient to cater and shelter a
large number of people.
14. ● There are 2 bridges that connects the site to the bamboo pavilion and also the adjacent site
provides accessibility for users to site.
● The wooden stone bridge is 2.15m wide.
● Both bridges span across an approximate distance of 5-6m.
15. The stone pathway is for pedestrian
walkway.
There is a bicycle pathway. It is made
of a synthetic rubber-like material.
17. There are 11 lamposts present at site.
● 10 along the stretch of the site and 1
at the end of the white bridge
connecting to the bamboo
playhouse.
● The lamposts are 4m tall.
18. Reduce water stagnant occurs around the site. Provides good water circulation
around site.
20. Nearest toilet, cafe and surau is
located at the park’s cafe which is
adjacent to site 1.
A five-minute walk from site.
21. ● Large amount of vegetation.
provides shade to the users.
● Gazebo provides shade and
rest area for users.
● A bridge connects the site and
the Bamboo Pavilion, provides
convenience to users.
● Retaining walls around river
reducing risk of soil erosion.
● Clear segregation of lanes for
safety of users
22. ● The lack of amenities and facilities causes
inconvenience to users. (Small Gazebo,
unable to shelter more users.
● The lack of a focal point in the site results in
a slight low number of visitors to site.
● Lack of drain covers around the site.
● Unattractive and dark surroundings have no
inviting features which indirectly discourage
users from approaching the site.
● Lack of signages around site, does not give
a clear direction of spaces
23. ● Add more sitting areas such as benches and
gazebos.
● Add drainage covers for the safety of users.
● Potential spots to add a pavilion and other
structures to draw more users to site.
● Social issue like snatch theft can happen to the
users as the place has less users and is secluded.
● Users might fall into the drain and cause injury.
37. SWOT ANALYSIS ( PATH 1 )
STRENGTHS
- Pathway leads directly to site
- Pathway is shaded and less crowded providing sense of privacy
WEAKNESSES
- Pathway is not designed with clear separation for vehicles and pedestrians
- Long pathway allows joggers and cyclists to exercise without pause or interruptions
OPPORTUNITIES
- A pavilion can be built at the site to form an attraction so that visitors will be inclined to deviate
from this otherwise secluded and uneventful pathway (?)
- The addition of a resting spot between this long path might encourage visitors to reach the site
THREATS
- Potential safety issues can be caused by vehicles and pedestrians sharing the pathway
- Potential crime activity because pathway is private and secluded
- Long distance from entrance to site might discourage visitors from reaching the site
42. SWOT ANALYSIS ( PATH 2 )
STRENGTHS
- Roundabout at the entrance enable visitor drop-off directly to the path
- Security at the entrance only allowing permitted vehicles improves security of user
- Dedicated road and pathway separate visitors with vehicles for safety
WEAKNESSES
- Secondary path is the only way to access to the site
- Secondary pathway is shaded, less crowded and less visible
- The bridge to the site is an arched and a slippery walkway which is not safe
OPPORTUNITIES
- An improvement can be made on accessibility for joggers, elderly, disabled and children
THREATS
- Access to the secondary path is less visible
- The bridge can be causing inconvenience for the elderly and disabled
46. SWOT ANALYSIS ( PATH 3 )
STRENGTHS
- The paths allow users for easy access to park
- Connecting the landmarks
WEAKNESSES
- The safety of the users will be affected as they can collide and cause accidents.
- The bridge to the site is an arched and a slippery walkway which is not safe
OPPORTUNITIES
- an improvement can be made on the user safety
THREATS
- Potential safety issues can be caused by the damage railings
49. SWOT ANALYSIS ( PATH 4 )
STRENGTHS
- Pathway directly leads you to the exit from the site
- Connecting the site with exit
- Pathway is shaded
WEAKNESSES
- The safety of the user will be affected due to sharing some part of the road with vehicle.
OPPORTUNITIES
- improve the safety of users by separate the path way ( one for pedestrian , one for vehicle)
THREATS
- Potential safety issues can be caused by vehicles and pedestrians sharing the pathway
- Potential crime activity because pathway is private and secluded
52. TYPES OF ACTIVITIES ON SITE
PASSIVE ACTIVITIES
Involves little exertion, but is
generally sustained
PICNICKING
PHOTOGRAPHY
SIGHT-SEEING
MEDITATION
ACTIVE ACTIVITIES
An activity that requires a
considerable expenditure of energy
JOGGING
CYCLING
FRISBEE
BADMINTON
ROLLER-SKATING
SKATEBOARDING
MARTIAL ARTS
FOOTBALL
54. PASSIVE ACTIVITIES PICNICKING
Picnicking activities are held in either open spaces or sheltered under
trees , gazebos or any other shelters on the park
PLAYGROUND AREA
SUNKEN GARDEN & TOPIARY COLLECTIONS
BAMBOO PLAYHOUSE
55. ACTIVE ACTIVITIES JOGGING
Unlike other activities , jogging is one of the few activities
that involves movement throughout the entire park . Joggers
scatter around areas where human activities are minimal.
56. ACTIVE ACTIVITIES OTHER PHYSICAL ACTIVITIES
Other physical activities (cycling , football , badminton , frisbee,
martial arts ,etc) can be seen crowding around central areas of the
park .
CYCLING
FOOTBALL
BADMINTON TAI CHI
SCOOTER , ROLLER-SKATING MARTIAL ARTS
57. ACTIVITIES FAMILY & FRIENDS GATHERINGS
Family and friendship bonding activities could be seen around the
park whether passive or active .
58. ACTIVITIES SCHOOL GATHERINGS
School trips - students gather around the playground
areas and it’s vicinity for picnic and physical activities
60. ACTIVITIES WITHIN SITE
CYCLING JOGGING SKATEBOARDING
RECREATIONAL
SIGHT-SEEING PHOTOGRAPHY
PICNIC ACTIVITIES WITHIN GAZEBO
PATHWAYS
61. NOISE DIAGRAM
SIZE AND COLOUR INTENSITY OF ARROW
DEMONSTRATES AMPLITUDE OF SOUND
CHATTERS AND LAUGHTERS
COMING FROM HUMAN
ACTIVITIES ADJACENT OF SITE
THE RUSTLING OF LEAVES IN
THE TREES
SOUND OF TRUCK ENGINE
AND AS THEY DRIVE ALONG
THE ROAD
CHATTERS AND LAUGHTERS
COMING FROM HUMAN
ACTIVITIES IN BAMBOO
PLAYHOUSE
63. -Seclusion and isolation from main area, creates a peaceful
and tranquil environment for active activities along the
pathway
-Location of site along the main circulation of jogging
activities provides consistent human activities
(jogging,cycling,skatebaording,etc) along site
-Site is located along the confluence of the two main rivers in
the park that provides breathtaking views for passerbys
-Location of site adjacent to focal points of site (sunken
garden, Perdana canopy) provides opportunities to attract
more users into site
-Vacant land areas provides potential for development of
new facilities opens up new avenues for experimentation of
newer activities in the park
SWOT - STRENGTH
64. SWOT - WEAKNESSES
-Inconvenient access into site disconnects the site
from it’s surroundings .
-Inadequate amount of facilities and street furnitures
limits the number of human activities within site
-Poorly-maintained and dangerous sidewalks
around station create difficulties for mobility.
-Lack of safety in site (Steep slopes, no drain
coverage and no safety railings) heightens danger in
site especially towards children or disabled people .
-Massive distances between structures
(gazebos,etc) increase perception of large distances
between destinations, discouraging human activities
65. -Vacant land within site could provide new development
helping to address site issues and to increase human
activities
-Improving the conditions of existing connecting
pathways to site to allow easier access into site (Bridge ,
Stone paths)
-Taking advantage of large trees within site to provide
shading for people to carry out activities in site
-Providing new and different experience for existing
users -Implementation of new furnitures and street
furnitures to attract and encourage design concept
SWOT - OPPORTUNITIES
66. SWOT - THREATS
-Lack of human activities heightens criminal
activities and provokes sense of danger and
uncertainties within site
-Unprotected boundaries and steep slope
along riverbanks discourages activities for
children due to the danger and risk of falling
and drowning
-Proposed pavillions within site may increase
noise pollution , disrupting the serenity and
peacefulness the site has to offer .
-Conflict between active (jogging ,cycling,
skateboarding,etc) and passive activities
(picnicking,photoshooting) obstructed
pathways increase risk of danger especially
towards children
67.
68. -The trees there are huge and have big gap between one another.
-It controls the light intensity of the natural light and provide different
experience.
-It allows user to have a clear sight of the GDP Canopy.
-The GDP canopy act as a landmark to let the users know their location.
Entrance from the South
GDP
CANOPY
-The S-Shape path way and the slope blocks half of the view of our site thus the
user is unable to have a clear view/vision of it.
- The vegetation along the pathway provides a sense of enclosure and
connection with nature.
-The slope contrasts with the open space.
69. -Vision of the user will be
attracted to the right due to less
density of vegetation compare to
the left.
- Close proximity of trees creates
a shaded area due to the
overlapping of trees.
On Site
-The sense of openness is balance when
the density of greenery of both side are
the same
-Instead moving up the slope, the user prefer going to
the flat land
-Slope is not optimize for human usage, too steep for
pedestrian (boundary of the garden)
70. -The bridge from top and
bottom becomes the path
for user to access to the
site.
-The sound of bird chirping, sounds of the insect & water exposes
the user to nature in an urban context.
Entrance from the East
-The canopy of the trees reduce sunlight penetration onto the
pathway along the river.
-The tightly arranged small trees acts as screening and limits the vision of
the user into the site.
-There are less users using this pathway due to it is location at the back of
Sunken Garden. Hence it give a sense of privacy.
71. Entrance from the North
-The difference in height of the flat
lands invokes curiosity of the user
to roam up for a better view
-Obstructing structures on the left
-Tall and dense trees on slope to the right
-The surrounding provides a sense of isolation causing the user
to not dwindle around that area for a long period of time
-The vegetation
on the left
create a
vegetation
screen that
blocks the view
-It invokes
curiosity of the
user to explore
the site
-The orchid garden
opposite of the
river attracts the
attention of the
users and invokes
a sense of curiosity
to explore further
72. Strength
● Give the sense of
openness
● Provide privacy
● Feel Calm
● Feel closer to the nature
● Different experience is
provided as the different
light intensity and the
density of vegetation
Weakness
● Insecure
● Does not have element
that attract user
● User won't stay long
● Less human activities
Opportunity
● Open area for human
activities
● Create interesting
element/structure to
attract user
Threats
● Less user will visit there
due to the enclosure of
its surrounding
SWOT Analysis
80. GENERAL OVERVIEW OF SUN & SHADOW EFFECT ON SITE
8AM 12PM 6PM
SHADED
MINOR SHADED
NON-SHADED
MINOR NON-SHADED
81. Sun is in the east side of the sky
The area is partially well shaded due to
density of vegetation
The vegetation on the east side provides
some shade but it is not as dense as the
vegetation located on the west side
SUN ORIENTATION
ANALYSIS
8AM
SUN PATH
82. The vegetation on the west side is densely packed and provides general shade for the area.
83.
84. Sun is in the middle of the sky
The pathway along the centre receives
sufficient shading from the west vegetation
due to the height of the landscape and
density of the trees. This creates a canopy.
The open area does not receive much shade
and is very exposed to the sun.
The area receives a large amount of shade
from the west side and therefore is more
shaded than usual for the afternoon.
Unshaded areas suffer from a lot of sun
exposure ( very bright and hot )
12PM
85. The area is more shaded in some areas more than others.
86.
87. Sun is in the west side of the sky.
Due to the positioning of the landscape and
the dense canopy formed by the west
vegetation, little to no direct sunlight
penetrates through the trees.
Therefore, the area is prone to large areas
of shade.
Overall, the area is well-lit but is not
exposed to direct sunlight.
6PM
88. The open area is not exposed to direct sunlight due to the sun positioning.
89. The area experiences mild valley breeze in the
morning.
The hot air from the high point rises up and cooler
air from the flat areas flow to the high points. This is
caused by pressure differences.
Because the sun is not as strong in the morning,
there is less occurrence of a valley breeze during
this time.
The wind comes in from the east side due to the
high points being on the west side of the area.
The wind is largely unobstructed due to sparseness
of trees on the east side
WIND DIRECTION
ANALYSIS
WIND DIRECTION
90. The area experiences major valley breeze in the
afternoon
The heat of the afternoon sun creates more hot areas
and this causes hot air to rise rapidly off the high
points.
A strong valley breeze is then formed. This is also
aided by the stream situated on the east side of the
area.
A slight breeze is formed from the stream of water
due to difference in air pressure that causes wind to
blow inland. Air flows from areas of high pressure to
areas of low pressure.
This created a strong breeze that flows from the east
to the west side throughout most of the afternoon.
91. The area experiences mild mountain breeze.
In the cooler evenings, the air at the high
points cool down faster. This creates packed
and dense air that travels downwards,
blowing into the low points.
The dense vegetation in some parts of the
area creates a barrier which filters the wind
to the site.
Therefore, this creates a breeze that flows
from the west side of the area down towards
the east side of the area.
92. SWOT
- Overall a shady (comfortable) transitional area for users to move from a main area to
another main area of the park.
- Has trees quite densely crowded on both sides of the pathway which provides sufficient
shade from the harsh direct sunlight throughout the day.
93. - Middle part of the site has less and loosely planted trees which causes the area to be
vast and open to direct sunlight due to the lack of canopy from the trees
- The site overall is not that climate friendly as:
- There is a lack of shading devices (gazebos/pavilions) which can shade users from
our country’s tropical climate which has raining seasons every now and then.
- There is also a lack of appreciation to the natural shades from the trees where users
can actually sit down and enjoy and not just passing by it.
94. - Pavilions and more gazebos can be proposed to further appreciate the
tropical climate of our country yet allow the users to experience the area in a
better way.
- For example:
- enjoying the existing natural shade by building a open air pavilion where
people can relax in it.
- gazebos can cover users from sudden downpour.
95. - The unpleasant climatic surrounding and the user’s experience of the site will
eventually puts users off.
- The users of site will decrease as people can eventually find an alternative way to
pass through.
- Soon, the site will be isolated and abandoned by users
- it will be less maintained by the workers due to isolation.
98. Proposed Spots for Pavilion
HUMAN ACTIVITIES
A. Sloping will introduce new activities to the site increasing
human activities
B. Act as a smooth transition of spaces from other side of
bridge so users do not feel disconnected
C. Located right in front of water fountain and confluence
of river is visible , taking advantage of the views and the
height advantage
D. Act as a smooth transition of spaces from D to the other
side of bridge so users do not feel disconnected from
Bamboo house
101. Proposed Spots for Pavilion
-Provide higher view
-Moist, humid and wet
atmosphere
-Attract less people due to
the slanting slope
A B
-Feel more enclose due to
the density of the vegetation
-Closer to the entrance from
North
-Achieve the sense of
contrast
C D
-Achieve the sense of
openness due to the less
dense of vegetation
-Easy to access due to
the flat land
-Closer to the entrance from
the South
-Lower than the path way
and provide the sense of
enclose and private
103. Bamboo Playhouse
Overview
Architects: Eleena Jamil Architect
Location: Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Project Team: Eleena Jamil, Yusri Amri Yussoff, Shahril M Ramli
Client: Kuala Lumpur City Hall
Area: 320.0 sqm
Project Year: 2015
➔ Located on a small island in a lake at the centre of perdana botanical gardens
➔ It’s an open structure with different levels of raised square platforms
➔ Playful in a sense with the use of different levellings of the platform. Creating a dynamic space which encourages movement.
➔ Rhythm created through use of levelling in the pavillion
➔ Can be described as a series of ‘wakafs’ group together that blends with the surrounding garden
Inspiration: traditional vernacular structures called ‘wakaf’ that can be found in villages
104. Materials:
➔ Made entirely out of bamboo using repetitive modular structure
➔ Use bamboo to explore its potential as a sustainable building material such as roofing, fencing, platforms and flooring
➔ Columns made of bamboo rises up in the middle of every platform to support the roof
➔ Baskets made from bamboo forms a ‘tree-house’ and are placed off the columns
105. Serpentine Gallery Pavilion 2003 by Oscar Niemeyer
Overview
Architect: Oscar Niemeyer
Location: Hyde Park, London
Client: Serpentine Gallery
Area: 250 sqm
Project Year: 2003
➔ The pavilion has 2 parts, one is a semi-basement which is half underground while the other is a diaphanous floor above it which
is accessible by a long red ramp.
➔ The semi-basement has an auditorium which overlooks the park while the top floor houses the exhibition.
➔ The structure is made of steel while the roof is covered in white aluminum.
➔ The lower part of the pavilion is made of concrete which holds up the upper floor and it is contrast with the steel structure.
106. Serpentine Gallery Pavilion 2006 by Rem Koolhaas and Cecil Balmond with Arup
Overview
Architects: Rem Koolhaas
Location: London, United Kingdom
Project Team: Clément Blanchet, Karen Crequer, Adam Furman
Client: Serpentine Gallery
Area: 346.0 sqm
Project Year: 2006
➔ Spectacular ovoid-shaped inflatable canopy that floated above the Gallery's lawn.
➔ Made from translucent material, the structure was illuminated from within at night
➔ The canopy was raised into the air or lowered to cover the amphitheatre below according to the weather.
➔ The walled enclosure below the canopy functioned as a café and forum
107. ➔ Construction: Lightweight steel structural beams to create a frame to support a floor surface of perforated galvanised metal
sheets.
➔ The central area within the walled structured a number of mobile seating/table units, which could be arranged by the visitor during
the day for eating, drinking or watching footage of previous talks and activities.
➔ The units could be moved to form a more formal seating arrangement when the space was used for talks and film screenings.
➔ Circular enclosure was created by fixing a series of translucent polycarbonate wall panels to the perimeter.
➔ An inner circular wall constructed from the same material was set inside the outer wall
➔ These two walls were held in position by a series of tensioned steel cables.
➔ The design incorporated a helium and air filled inflatable roof that could be raised and lowered to accommodate the activities within
the structure.
➔ It provided protection from the weather - shade at the height of summer and rain and wind cover in the autumn
➔ The inflatable roof was held securely by cables attached to four electrical winches, which in turn were anchored to the ground.
108. Serpentine Pavilion 2016 by Bjarke Ingels Group
Overview:
Architects: Bjarke Ingels
Location: London, United kingdom
Project Team: Maria Sole Bravo, Aaron Powers, Alice Cladat
Client: Serpentine Gallery
Area: 300.0 sqm
Project Year: 2016
➔ Viewed side-on, the pavilion is rectangular. When seen from the front or at an angle, its curving silhouette is revealed.
➔ It also changes from opaque to see-through, depending on the viewing angle.
➔ Its shifting facade creates a rhythmic flow creates movement and dynamic throughout the overall structure
➔ Blocks stacked on top of one another creates a structure that is free-form yet rigorous, modular yet sculptural, both transparent
and opaque, both box and blob.
Inspiration: The architect’s main inspiration are from the famous Danish architect Jørn Utzon’s work, The Sydney Opera House; Ingels
felt motivated to create an abstract form of a physical object using a simple volume to create something beautiful and powerful.
