The document provides an overview of the key parts of English grammar, including nouns and pronouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions, and interjections. It defines each part of speech, provides examples, and describes the different types within each category, such as personal pronouns, regular and irregular verbs, and coordinating conjunctions. The purpose is to thoroughly explain the grammatical plant and its parts so one can speak English fluently.

1. If we know each parts “THOROUGHLY”
We can speak “FLUENTLY”.
PARTS OF THE GRAMMATICAL PLANT

2. 1)Noun and Pronoun families.
2) Verb groups.
3) Grammatical parts-refreshment.

3. PRONOUN
PRONOUN IS A WORD WHICH IS USED
INSTEAD OF A NOUN.
FOR EXAMPLE.
RAMU WENT TO THE BEACH.
RAMU MET HIS FRIEND.
INSTEAD OF REPEATEDLY THE PROPER
NOUN ‘RAMU’
WE CAN USE THE PRO NOUN ‘HE’ AND
WE REWRITE AS,
RAMU WENT TO THE BEACH WHERE HE
MET HIS FRIEND

4. I person (singular)I person (singular) II My,mine,meMy,mine,me
I person (plural)I person (plural) WEWE Our, ours, usOur, ours, us
II personII person You /youYou /you Your, yours, youYour, yours, you

5. PERSONALPERSONAL
PRONOUNSPRONOUNS
POSSESSIVESPOSSESSIVES REFLEXITIVESREFLEXITIVES
SubjectiveSubjective
CaseCase
ObjectiveObjective
CaseCase
Acting asActing as
DeterminersDeterminers
Acting asActing as
PronounsPronouns
11stst
PersonPerson
SingSing II MeMe MyMy MineMine MyselfMyself
PlPl WeWe UsUs OurOur OursOurs OurselvesOurselves
2nd2nd
PersonPerson
SingSing
YouYou YourYour YoursYours YourselfYourself
PlPl YourselvesYourselves
33rdrd
PersonPerson
MasMas HeHe HimHim HisHis HisHis HimselfHimself
FemFem SheShe HerHer HerHer HersHers HerselfHerself
NonNon
PersonPerson
ItIt ItsIts ItselfItself
PluralPlural TheyThey ThemThem TheirTheir
TheirsTheirs
ThemselvesThemselves

6. KINDS OF PRO NOUNS.KINDS OF PRO NOUNS.
* PERSONAL PRONOUNS* PERSONAL PRONOUNS
* RELATIVE PRONOUNS* RELATIVE PRONOUNS
* DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS* DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS
* INTERROGATIVE PRONOUNS* INTERROGATIVE PRONOUNS
* DISTRIBUTIVE PRONOUNS* DISTRIBUTIVE PRONOUNS
* INDEFINITE PRONOUNS* INDEFINITE PRONOUNS

7. ADJECTIVEADJECTIVE
• Adjective is used to qualify or toAdjective is used to qualify or to
modify or to describe or to pointmodify or to describe or to point
out the noun.out the noun.
• EXAMPLESEXAMPLES
• HE IS AHE IS A BRILLIANTBRILLIANT BOY.BOY.
• SHE IS ASHE IS A TALLTALL GIRL.GIRL.
• IT ISIT IS LITTLELITTLE TIME FORTIME FOR
PREPARATION.PREPARATION.

8. KINDS OF ADJECTIVESKINDS OF ADJECTIVES
 1.ADJECTIVE OF QUALITY1.ADJECTIVE OF QUALITY
 2.ADJECTIVE OF QUANTITY2.ADJECTIVE OF QUANTITY
 3.ADJECTIVE OF NUMBER3.ADJECTIVE OF NUMBER
 4.DISTRIBUTIVE MADJECTIVE4.DISTRIBUTIVE MADJECTIVE
 5.DEMONSTRATIVE ADJECTIVE5.DEMONSTRATIVE ADJECTIVE
 6.INDEFINITE NUMERAL ADJ6.INDEFINITE NUMERAL ADJ
 7.ADJETIVE OF COLOUR7.ADJETIVE OF COLOUR
 8.INTERROGATIVE ADJECTIVE8.INTERROGATIVE ADJECTIVE

9. VERB
POSITION POSSSESSION ACTION
‘BE’ ‘HAVE’ ‘DO’

10. VERBVERB
* A VERB IS A WORD THAT TELLS OR ASSERTS SMTH* A VERB IS A WORD THAT TELLS OR ASSERTS SMTH
ABOUT A PERSON OR A THING.ABOUT A PERSON OR A THING.
* A VERB MAY TELL US* A VERB MAY TELL US
1.WHAT A PERSON OR THING DOES;1.WHAT A PERSON OR THING DOES;
RAJU LAUGHS, THE CLOCK STRIKES,RAJU LAUGHS, THE CLOCK STRIKES,
2.WHAT IS DONE TO A PERSON2.WHAT IS DONE TO A PERSON
1.MAGESH IS PLAYED1.MAGESH IS PLAYED
2.THE DOOR IS BROKEN2.THE DOOR IS BROKEN
3.WHAT A PERSON/THING IS AS3.WHAT A PERSON/THING IS AS
THE DOG IS DEAD, I AM A TEACHERTHE DOG IS DEAD, I AM A TEACHER

11. KINDS OF VERBSKINDS OF VERBS
 MAIN VERBS AND AUXILIARYMAIN VERBS AND AUXILIARY
VERBSVERBS
 TRASITIVETRASITIVE
PRIMARIESPRIMARIES
 INTRANSITIVE MODALSINTRANSITIVE MODALS
 REGULARREGULAR
 IRREGULARIRREGULAR
 FINITEFINITE
 NON-FINITENON-FINITE

12. BE FORM VERBS
NONNON
NEGATIVENEGATIVE
UNCONTRACTEDUNCONTRACTED
NEGATIVENEGATIVE
CONTRACTEDCONTRACTED
NEGATIVENEGATIVE
BASEBASE BEBE
PRESENTPRESENT
TENSETENSE
Ist PersonIst Person
SingularSingular
am not, m’notam not, m’not am not, ‘m notam not, ‘m not (aren’t, ain’t)(aren’t, ain’t)
3 rd Person3 rd Person
SingularSingular is, ‘sis, ‘s is not, ‘s notis not, ‘s not isn ‘tisn ‘t
2 nd Person2 nd Person
11stst
and 3and 3rdrd
Person PluralPerson Plural
are, ‘reare, ‘re arenot, ‘re notarenot, ‘re not aren’taren’t
PastPast
TenseTense
1 st Person1 st Person
& 3& 3rdrd
PersonPerson
Singu;larSingu;lar
waswas was notwas not wasn’twasn’t
2 nd Person2 nd Person
1 st & 31 st & 3rdrd
Person PluralPerson Plural
werewere were notwere not weren’tweren’t

13. ‘HAVE’ FORM VERBS
TENSETENSE PERSONPERSON -DO--DO- -DO--DO- -DO--DO-
PRESENTPRESENT 11STST
SINGULARSINGULAR
22NDND
PERSONSPERSONS
33RDRD
PLURALPLURAL
Have, ‘veHave, ‘ve Have notHave not Haven’tHaven’t
33RDRD
SINGULARSINGULAR Has, ‘sHas, ‘s Has notHas not Hasn’tHasn’t
PASTPAST ALL PERSONSALL PERSONS Had, ‘dHad, ‘d Had notHad not Had n’tHad n’t

14. NonNon
NegativeNegative
UncontractedUncontracted
NegativeNegative
ContractedContracted
NegativeNegative
PresentPresent
33rdrd
personperson doesdoes does notdoes not doesn’tdoesn’t
OtherOther dodo do notdo not don’tdon’t
PastPast
All personAll person diddid did notdid not didn’tdidn’t
‘DO’ FORM VERBS

15. NONNON
NEGATIVENEGATIVE
UNCONTRACTEDUNCONTRACTED
NEGATIVENEGATIVE
CONTRACTEDCONTRACTED
NEGATIVENEGATIVE
CanCan CannotCannot Can’tCan’t
CouldCould Could notCould not Couldn’tCouldn’t
MayMay May notMay not Mayn’tMayn’t
MightMight Might notMight not Mightn’tMightn’t
ShallShall Shall notShall not Shan’tShan’t
ShouldShould Sholud notSholud not Shouldn’tShouldn’t
Will, ‘llWill, ‘ll Will not, ‘ll notWill not, ‘ll not Won’tWon’t
Would, ‘dWould, ‘d Would not, ‘d notWould not, ‘d not Wouldn’tWouldn’t
MustMust Must notMust not Must’ntMust’nt
Ought toOught to Ought not toOught not to Oughtn’tOughtn’t
Used toUsed to Used not toUsed not to Did not use(d) to,usedn’tDid not use(d) to,usedn’t
NeedNeed Need notNeed not Needn’tNeedn’t
DareDare Dare notDare not Daren’tDaren’t

16. REGULAR VERBS
II IIII IIIIII IVIV VV
SimpleSimple
PresentPresent
SimpleSimple
PastPast
PastPast
ParticipleParticiple
PresentPresent
participleparticiple
InfinitiveInfinitive
WalkWalk
PlayPlay
ArriveArrive
ExplianExplian
ScoldScold
WalkedWalked
PlayedPlayed
ArrivedArrived
ExplainedExplained
ScoldedScolded
WalkedWalked
PlayedPlayed
ArrivedArrived
ExplinedExplined
ScoldedScolded
WalkingWalking
PlayingPlaying
ArrivingArriving
ExplainingExplaining
ScoldingScolding
To walkTo walk
To playTo play
To arriveTo arrive
To explainTo explain
To scoldTo scold
IRREGULAR VERBSIRREGULAR VERBS
GoGo
TakeTake
ThinkThink
CutCut
SinkSink
WentWent
TookTook
ThoughtThought
CutCut
SankSank
gonegone
TakenTaken
ThoughtThought
CutCut
SunkSunk
GoingGoing
TakingTaking
ThinkingThinking
CuttingCutting
SinkingSinking
To goTo go
To takeTo take
To thinkTo think
To cutTo cut
To sinkTo sink
I go to collect my book, I have to complete the work

17. ADVERB
An ‘ADVERB’ is a word which modifies
verb, an adjective or another adverb.
In short adverb is added something to
the verb.
1) He works hard.
2) He writes clearly.
3) He speaks loudly.

18. KINDS OF ADVERB
1)Adverb of Time.
2)Adverb of Place.
3)Adverb of Manner.
4)Adverb of Frequency.

19. PREPOSITIONPREPOSITION
 IT IS PLACED BEFORE THE NOUNIT IS PLACED BEFORE THE NOUN
 FOR EXAMPLEFOR EXAMPLE
 I SITI SIT ININ MY ROOM.MY ROOM.
 SHE SITSSHE SITS BEHINDBEHIND ME.ME.
 THEY FILL THE GAPE OF THETHEY FILL THE GAPE OF THE
SENTENCES.SENTENCES.
 TEHRE IS A TREETEHRE IS A TREE IN FRONT OFIN FRONT OF
MY HOUSE.MY HOUSE.

20. KINDS OF PREPOSITIONKINDS OF PREPOSITION
 1.SIMPLE PREPOSITION1.SIMPLE PREPOSITION
 2.COMPOUND PREPOSITION2.COMPOUND PREPOSITION
 3.PHRASE PREPOSITION3.PHRASE PREPOSITION
 FOR EXAMPLEFOR EXAMPLE
 1.I SIT1.I SIT ONON THE CHAIRTHE CHAIR
 2.A CAT IS2.A CAT IS UNDERUNDER THE CHAIRTHE CHAIR
 .3.I TOOK A D.D.3.I TOOK A D.D IN FAVOUR OFIN FAVOUR OF
MY BROTHERMY BROTHER

21. CONJUNCTIONCONJUNCTION
 CONJUNCTION IS A WORDCONJUNCTION IS A WORD
WHICH CONNECTS TWO NOUNSWHICH CONNECTS TWO NOUNS
OR TWO SENTENCES INTO ONE.OR TWO SENTENCES INTO ONE.
 FOR EXAMPLEFOR EXAMPLE
 RAJARAJA ANDAND RAJU WENT TORAJU WENT TO
BEACHBEACH
 RAJU WENT TO MARKETRAJU WENT TO MARKET ANDAND HEHE
BOUGHT SOME VEGETANBLESBOUGHT SOME VEGETANBLES

22. TYPES OF CONJUNCTIONTYPES OF CONJUNCTION
 1.CO-ORDINATING1.CO-ORDINATING
CONJUNCTIONCONJUNCTION
 2.SUB-ORDINATING2.SUB-ORDINATING
CONJUNCTIONCONJUNCTION
 3.CORRELATIVE CONJUNCTION3.CORRELATIVE CONJUNCTION
 FOR EXAMPLEFOR EXAMPLE
 RAMU AND SOMU ARE FRIENDSRAMU AND SOMU ARE FRIENDS
 HE IS A MAN WHO IS MY FORMERHE IS A MAN WHO IS MY FORMER
PROFESSORPROFESSOR
 EITHER YOU OR YOUR SISTEREITHER YOU OR YOUR SISTER
COMES HERE.COMES HERE.

23. INTERJECTIONINTERJECTION
 IT EXPRESSES THE SUDDENIT EXPRESSES THE SUDDEN
FEELINGFEELING
 OF THE PERSON.OF THE PERSON.
 FOR EXAMPLEFOR EXAMPLE
 HURRAH! HE IS DEAD.HURRAH! HE IS DEAD.
 ALAS! HE MET AN ACCIDENT.ALAS! HE MET AN ACCIDENT.
 WHAT A BEAUTIFUL PLACE IT IS!WHAT A BEAUTIFUL PLACE IT IS!