This document provides information about the Global Hunger Index (GHI) which is used to measure and map hunger worldwide. The GHI is based on three indicators: the proportion of undernourished people, the prevalence of underweight children under age 5, and the under-5 mortality rate. It aims to show the multidimensional causes and impacts of hunger. Countries with GHI scores above 10 have serious hunger levels, scores over 20 are alarming, and over 30 are extremely alarming. The GHI is calculated for developing and transition countries where measuring hunger is most relevant.
Ampersand Commerce, X.commerce and Magento discuss the Magento platform, how the eBay acquisition of Magento will benefit retailers, developers and service providers and the future of commerce in general.
Speakers:
Darryl Adie
Managing Director, Ampersand Commerce
Kristel Verhasselt
Territory Sales Manager, N Europe, Magento
Beverley Bergin
Business Development, X.commerce / PayPal
This updated edition of Pure Power once again shows the huge contribution wind energy already makes – and will increasingly make – to meeting Europe’s electricity demand and strengthening its economy, and to avoiding polluting and costly fuel and carbon. Contents: Wind energy currently meets 5.3% of the EU’s electricity consumption from an installed capacity of 84.3 GW. The European Wind Energy Association’s scenarios show that wind energy in 2020 should meet 15.7% of EU electricity demand from 230 GW, and by 2030, 28.5% from 400 GW. Indeed, EWEA believes wind energy can provide half of Europe’s power by 2050, with the remainder from other renewable sources. To ensure the continued buoyancy of the wind energy sector and the path to 100% renewables in 2050, EU renewables legislation is needed now for the period after 2020. This should follow the successful legislation so far by setting an ambitious, binding renewables target for 2030.
This document discusses cluster development and project funding. It provides examples of successful clusters around the world and outlines a 12-step process for developing clusters. The steps include defining the cluster, conducting an analysis, establishing a vision and goals, developing short and long-term agendas, benchmarking against other clusters, linking with related clusters, and establishing governance and financing structures. The overall approach aims to leverage funding and boost competitiveness by taking a comprehensive, collaborative approach to cluster development.
American Apparel is a vertically integrated clothing manufacturer based in Los Angeles that employs over 10,000 people globally and operates over 285 retail stores. It started in 2003 with the goal of changing the fashion industry by rejecting sweatshops and prioritizing fair wages and working conditions. With its first store in China, American Apparel aims to make an even bigger impact through fair trade cotton production.
Friedrich Wilhelm Raiffeisen created the first credit cooperative in the 19th century to provide equal access to banking in rural areas. The cooperative bank model spread widely and now includes over 4,200 banks with more than 160 million customers. They are rooted in local communities and the real economy.
The first Jardin
The document summarizes information about i-propeller, a social business innovation organization. It lists i-propeller's board of directors and investors. It then describes i-propeller's mission to propel social business innovation through research, incubating social entrepreneurs, and innovation services. The innovation services use an open innovation methodology fueled by social entrepreneurs to help organizations innovate and address social trends. Case studies are provided on several social enterprises, including American Apparel, cooperative banks, Les Jardins de Cocagne, Ecover, Exki, and Fifteen.
The document discusses a LEGO project involving building and programming a robotic arm using LEGO's WEDO educational kit. Students are guided through assembling the mechanical arm components with motors and sensors, then programming it using a graphical interface to make the arm move in different ways like picking up and stacking blocks. The goal is for students to learn basic engineering and coding skills through an engaging hands-on project using the LEGO construction toys.
i-propeller is a social business innovation consultancy that has been operating commercially since 2007. It designs new services using an open innovation methodology that matches clients' challenges with social entrepreneurs. The methodology involves crowdsourcing ideas, developing business plans, prototyping solutions, and assisting with launches. i-propeller focuses on how organizations can innovate to address major social trends and has a network of over 1,500 social entrepreneurs across Europe, North America, Asia, Africa, and South America.
The document outlines Nourish International's main venture of hosting bi-monthly Hunger Lunches at Ohio State University. During a Hunger Lunch, food is provided to raise awareness about global poverty and hunger issues while also obtaining donations for international projects. It provides details on setup, supplies, roles and responsibilities during the lunch, and cleanup procedures. Additionally, it lists some potential other ventures Nourish International could pursue, such as penny wars, lock-ins, photo scavenger hunts, and bar or sports-related events, before asking volunteers to research and report back on ideas next week.
Ampersand Commerce, X.commerce and Magento discuss the Magento platform, how the eBay acquisition of Magento will benefit retailers, developers and service providers and the future of commerce in general.
Speakers:
Darryl Adie
Managing Director, Ampersand Commerce
Kristel Verhasselt
Territory Sales Manager, N Europe, Magento
Beverley Bergin
Business Development, X.commerce / PayPal
This updated edition of Pure Power once again shows the huge contribution wind energy already makes – and will increasingly make – to meeting Europe’s electricity demand and strengthening its economy, and to avoiding polluting and costly fuel and carbon. Contents: Wind energy currently meets 5.3% of the EU’s electricity consumption from an installed capacity of 84.3 GW. The European Wind Energy Association’s scenarios show that wind energy in 2020 should meet 15.7% of EU electricity demand from 230 GW, and by 2030, 28.5% from 400 GW. Indeed, EWEA believes wind energy can provide half of Europe’s power by 2050, with the remainder from other renewable sources. To ensure the continued buoyancy of the wind energy sector and the path to 100% renewables in 2050, EU renewables legislation is needed now for the period after 2020. This should follow the successful legislation so far by setting an ambitious, binding renewables target for 2030.
This document discusses cluster development and project funding. It provides examples of successful clusters around the world and outlines a 12-step process for developing clusters. The steps include defining the cluster, conducting an analysis, establishing a vision and goals, developing short and long-term agendas, benchmarking against other clusters, linking with related clusters, and establishing governance and financing structures. The overall approach aims to leverage funding and boost competitiveness by taking a comprehensive, collaborative approach to cluster development.
American Apparel is a vertically integrated clothing manufacturer based in Los Angeles that employs over 10,000 people globally and operates over 285 retail stores. It started in 2003 with the goal of changing the fashion industry by rejecting sweatshops and prioritizing fair wages and working conditions. With its first store in China, American Apparel aims to make an even bigger impact through fair trade cotton production.
Friedrich Wilhelm Raiffeisen created the first credit cooperative in the 19th century to provide equal access to banking in rural areas. The cooperative bank model spread widely and now includes over 4,200 banks with more than 160 million customers. They are rooted in local communities and the real economy.
The first Jardin
The document summarizes information about i-propeller, a social business innovation organization. It lists i-propeller's board of directors and investors. It then describes i-propeller's mission to propel social business innovation through research, incubating social entrepreneurs, and innovation services. The innovation services use an open innovation methodology fueled by social entrepreneurs to help organizations innovate and address social trends. Case studies are provided on several social enterprises, including American Apparel, cooperative banks, Les Jardins de Cocagne, Ecover, Exki, and Fifteen.
The document discusses a LEGO project involving building and programming a robotic arm using LEGO's WEDO educational kit. Students are guided through assembling the mechanical arm components with motors and sensors, then programming it using a graphical interface to make the arm move in different ways like picking up and stacking blocks. The goal is for students to learn basic engineering and coding skills through an engaging hands-on project using the LEGO construction toys.
i-propeller is a social business innovation consultancy that has been operating commercially since 2007. It designs new services using an open innovation methodology that matches clients' challenges with social entrepreneurs. The methodology involves crowdsourcing ideas, developing business plans, prototyping solutions, and assisting with launches. i-propeller focuses on how organizations can innovate to address major social trends and has a network of over 1,500 social entrepreneurs across Europe, North America, Asia, Africa, and South America.
The document outlines Nourish International's main venture of hosting bi-monthly Hunger Lunches at Ohio State University. During a Hunger Lunch, food is provided to raise awareness about global poverty and hunger issues while also obtaining donations for international projects. It provides details on setup, supplies, roles and responsibilities during the lunch, and cleanup procedures. Additionally, it lists some potential other ventures Nourish International could pursue, such as penny wars, lock-ins, photo scavenger hunts, and bar or sports-related events, before asking volunteers to research and report back on ideas next week.
Finland has slightly more teaching hours per year in lower secondary education than Spain and some of the lowest among OECD countries. In primary education, Finland has fewer hours of teaching than Spain. Teachers' salaries in lower secondary education in Spain, adjusted for purchasing power, are higher than in Finland, and maximum salaries in Spain are also higher than in Finland. Finland has more school days per year in primary education than Spain.
info efisiensi pendidikan yad, dan bgmn sinergi antara oecd country dan asia tenggara, perlu di sikapi dan di persiapkan dan di bandingkan antar negara, tapi perlu ke hati2an, krn negara oecd stagnan saat ini dlm bidang ekonomi...
The document is a Gapminder World Map from 2010 that shows life expectancy and GDP per person for countries around the world. It divides countries into three categories: low-income, middle-income, and high-income based on GDP. High-income countries tend to have the highest life expectancies over 75 years while low-income countries have life expectancies under 60 years. The size of each country represents its population size.
This document is a chart from Gapminder showing child mortality rates per 1000 live births on the y-axis plotted against GDP per capita on the x-axis. It divides countries into three categories: low income, middle income, and high income. Low income countries have the highest child mortality rates above 5 deaths per 1000 live births. Middle income countries have lower rates between 1-5. High income countries like Singapore, Japan and European nations have the lowest rates under 1.
The document provides an overview of using Elluminate for an online meeting. It instructs users to test their audio by using the audio setup wizard to check speakers and microphones. It recommends selecting the wide layout view for optimal display. Users are told to send a chat message if they encounter any problems.
Insights from Nordic results in IALS and ALLEduSkills OECD
1) Nordic countries have consistently scored among the highest levels in international surveys of adult skills in areas like literacy, numeracy, and problem solving.
2) These countries also have high levels of participation in adult education throughout one's lifespan, helped by public policies that promote adult learning and target barriers to participation.
3) However, inequalities still exist and certain groups, like the least educated, continue to face challenges accessing adult education despite Nordic countries' efforts to promote equity. Overcoming dispositional barriers remains particularly difficult.
Health Sector in the 12th Plan (2012-2017)NITI Aayog
The document outlines India's 12th Five Year Plan communication plan for the health sector. It discusses objectives of improving health outcomes while reducing costs. It notes constitutional provisions related to health and issues facing India's health systems like poor quality, low access, and high out-of-pocket costs. The 12th Plan strategy focuses on strengthening public healthcare, increasing funding, coordinated services, expanding the workforce, and piloting universal health coverage. Key priorities are improving financing, expanding the National Health Mission, establishing a public health cadre, and building health information systems. The 12th Plan aims to reduce mortality, malnutrition, and out-of-pocket spending while improving access to medicines and health indicators.
The document discusses Finland's education system and lessons that could be learned. It provides an overview of key aspects of Finland's education including: basic education being compulsory and free from ages 7-16; upper secondary education where half choose vocational studies; teaching being a respected profession requiring a degree with only top applicants accepted; early childhood education emphasizing play; and a non-competitive system with local control and equality. The document suggests Finland's long-term consistent vision and culture of trust with no testing could provide lessons for other nations.
This document summarizes a presentation about teacher networks for professional development. It discusses the context of teachers' needs for professional development and the benefits of teacher collaboration. It presents eTwinning as a case study of a teacher network and social media platform, which currently has over 183,000 registered teachers. Social Network Analysis methods are applied to study connections between teachers in eTwinning and how information spreads through the network. The presentation concludes by welcoming attendees to an evening book launch and further sessions on teachers' use of social media in schools and the future of teacher networks in 2025.
This document summarizes trends in paid work after retirement in the EU27 based on a presentation given at an IFA conference in Prague. It finds that over 1 in 10 Europeans aged 65-69 currently does paid work, up from 8.9% in 2005 to 10.8% in 2011. The main drivers for this increase are financial need, interest in continuing to work, and available opportunities. Those most likely to work after retirement tend to be healthy, educated individuals living in urban areas, though participation is growing among other demographic groups as well. Most post-retirement work is part-time, temporary, or involves self-employment, often in agriculture, fishery or other sectors besides public administration.
This document discusses the European SMB market and opportunities for unified communications vendors. It notes that SMBs are the backbone of the European economy, accounting for 99.8% of enterprises and employing 67% of the workforce. However, SMBs face constraints like implementing new technology and limited access to finance. This presents opportunities for UC vendors to help SMBs optimize resources and reduce costs with unified communications solutions. The document analyzes SMB market trends and concerns across various European countries. It also examines channels' expectations for sales opportunities in 2010, with contact centers and mobility solutions seen as top areas for growth.
Aleja Slonca is a proposed new retail development in Szczecin, Poland. It will join an existing shopping center and include over 70,000 square meters of retail space. This will make it the dominant retail and entertainment destination in the western part of Szczecin. The development aims to meet the needs of the fast growing residential districts in the area, which have high purchasing power but currently lack modern retail options.
The document discusses cow dung and an alternative liquid bio manure product called Macro-LIQ. Cow dung is a natural source of organic carbon and nitrogen that conditions soil but it can contain heavy metals and insecticides. Macro-LIQ is produced through a process of yeast fermentation of sugarcane molasses and other inputs to create a liquid that provides organic carbon, increases soil microbes, and supplies nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium when drip applied. It is presented as a tested and trusted alternative to cow dung since every bottle is tested and free of heavy metals.
1) Climate change, population growth, and unsustainable resource use are intensifying pressures on the global food system.
2) Business as usual will not achieve food security or environmental sustainability. Major interventions are needed to transform food production, distribution, and consumption.
3) The Commission reviewed evidence and identified a pathway to achieving food security amidst climate change through sustainable agriculture, efficient resource use, resilient production systems, and healthy food choices and diets.
The document reports on the effects of different treatments with PolyMino-Gold and PolyCarb-Ca on grapes and PolySorb hydrated with PolyMino-Gold on chillies. For grapes, bunch and berry size increased with PolyMino-Gold treatment by bunch dipping and berry size and color development increased with PolyCarb-Ca by foliar spraying. For chillies, growth, flowering, fruit numbers and size increased with PolySorb hydrated with PolyMino-Gold treatment compared to the control.
Organic farming aims to achieve good crop yields without harming the environment or people. It uses techniques like crop rotation, composting, mulching and green manures to improve soil quality and control pests without using synthetic pesticides or fertilizers. Organic farmers work with nature rather than against it to create a balanced system where crops and animals can thrive.
Urea has replaced ammonium nitrate as the dominant nitrogen fertilizer. It is sold commercially as prills or granules, with granules becoming more common. Granules are larger, harder, and more resistant to moisture loss. Urea provides advantages over other nitrogen sources such as low handling costs and few environmental pollutants during manufacturing. However, urea is susceptible to volatility losses as ammonia if not incorporated into soil or if exposed to high temperatures or pH levels. Proper application and incorporation are necessary to maximize nitrogen availability from urea and minimize losses.
The document discusses methods of fertilizer application for crops, including soil application through various placement techniques and foliar application. It explores factors that affect nutrient availability and mobility in soil as well as the advantages of foliar application over soil application. The presentation also examines how to identify nutrient deficiencies in crop leaves.
The document is an agenda for a crop seminar presented by Mr. Purvish Diwanji of Satyajit Chemicals Pvt Ltd. The agenda covers various topics related to plant nutrients including what nutrients are, their role in plants, how to identify nutrient deficiencies, issues with Indian soil, the importance of micronutrients, why chelated micronutrients are better than other forms, and management practices to increase yield and quality. The seminar provides information to farmers on optimizing nutrient levels and improving crop productivity.
Finland has slightly more teaching hours per year in lower secondary education than Spain and some of the lowest among OECD countries. In primary education, Finland has fewer hours of teaching than Spain. Teachers' salaries in lower secondary education in Spain, adjusted for purchasing power, are higher than in Finland, and maximum salaries in Spain are also higher than in Finland. Finland has more school days per year in primary education than Spain.
info efisiensi pendidikan yad, dan bgmn sinergi antara oecd country dan asia tenggara, perlu di sikapi dan di persiapkan dan di bandingkan antar negara, tapi perlu ke hati2an, krn negara oecd stagnan saat ini dlm bidang ekonomi...
The document is a Gapminder World Map from 2010 that shows life expectancy and GDP per person for countries around the world. It divides countries into three categories: low-income, middle-income, and high-income based on GDP. High-income countries tend to have the highest life expectancies over 75 years while low-income countries have life expectancies under 60 years. The size of each country represents its population size.
This document is a chart from Gapminder showing child mortality rates per 1000 live births on the y-axis plotted against GDP per capita on the x-axis. It divides countries into three categories: low income, middle income, and high income. Low income countries have the highest child mortality rates above 5 deaths per 1000 live births. Middle income countries have lower rates between 1-5. High income countries like Singapore, Japan and European nations have the lowest rates under 1.
The document provides an overview of using Elluminate for an online meeting. It instructs users to test their audio by using the audio setup wizard to check speakers and microphones. It recommends selecting the wide layout view for optimal display. Users are told to send a chat message if they encounter any problems.
Insights from Nordic results in IALS and ALLEduSkills OECD
1) Nordic countries have consistently scored among the highest levels in international surveys of adult skills in areas like literacy, numeracy, and problem solving.
2) These countries also have high levels of participation in adult education throughout one's lifespan, helped by public policies that promote adult learning and target barriers to participation.
3) However, inequalities still exist and certain groups, like the least educated, continue to face challenges accessing adult education despite Nordic countries' efforts to promote equity. Overcoming dispositional barriers remains particularly difficult.
Health Sector in the 12th Plan (2012-2017)NITI Aayog
The document outlines India's 12th Five Year Plan communication plan for the health sector. It discusses objectives of improving health outcomes while reducing costs. It notes constitutional provisions related to health and issues facing India's health systems like poor quality, low access, and high out-of-pocket costs. The 12th Plan strategy focuses on strengthening public healthcare, increasing funding, coordinated services, expanding the workforce, and piloting universal health coverage. Key priorities are improving financing, expanding the National Health Mission, establishing a public health cadre, and building health information systems. The 12th Plan aims to reduce mortality, malnutrition, and out-of-pocket spending while improving access to medicines and health indicators.
The document discusses Finland's education system and lessons that could be learned. It provides an overview of key aspects of Finland's education including: basic education being compulsory and free from ages 7-16; upper secondary education where half choose vocational studies; teaching being a respected profession requiring a degree with only top applicants accepted; early childhood education emphasizing play; and a non-competitive system with local control and equality. The document suggests Finland's long-term consistent vision and culture of trust with no testing could provide lessons for other nations.
This document summarizes a presentation about teacher networks for professional development. It discusses the context of teachers' needs for professional development and the benefits of teacher collaboration. It presents eTwinning as a case study of a teacher network and social media platform, which currently has over 183,000 registered teachers. Social Network Analysis methods are applied to study connections between teachers in eTwinning and how information spreads through the network. The presentation concludes by welcoming attendees to an evening book launch and further sessions on teachers' use of social media in schools and the future of teacher networks in 2025.
This document summarizes trends in paid work after retirement in the EU27 based on a presentation given at an IFA conference in Prague. It finds that over 1 in 10 Europeans aged 65-69 currently does paid work, up from 8.9% in 2005 to 10.8% in 2011. The main drivers for this increase are financial need, interest in continuing to work, and available opportunities. Those most likely to work after retirement tend to be healthy, educated individuals living in urban areas, though participation is growing among other demographic groups as well. Most post-retirement work is part-time, temporary, or involves self-employment, often in agriculture, fishery or other sectors besides public administration.
This document discusses the European SMB market and opportunities for unified communications vendors. It notes that SMBs are the backbone of the European economy, accounting for 99.8% of enterprises and employing 67% of the workforce. However, SMBs face constraints like implementing new technology and limited access to finance. This presents opportunities for UC vendors to help SMBs optimize resources and reduce costs with unified communications solutions. The document analyzes SMB market trends and concerns across various European countries. It also examines channels' expectations for sales opportunities in 2010, with contact centers and mobility solutions seen as top areas for growth.
Aleja Slonca is a proposed new retail development in Szczecin, Poland. It will join an existing shopping center and include over 70,000 square meters of retail space. This will make it the dominant retail and entertainment destination in the western part of Szczecin. The development aims to meet the needs of the fast growing residential districts in the area, which have high purchasing power but currently lack modern retail options.
The document discusses cow dung and an alternative liquid bio manure product called Macro-LIQ. Cow dung is a natural source of organic carbon and nitrogen that conditions soil but it can contain heavy metals and insecticides. Macro-LIQ is produced through a process of yeast fermentation of sugarcane molasses and other inputs to create a liquid that provides organic carbon, increases soil microbes, and supplies nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium when drip applied. It is presented as a tested and trusted alternative to cow dung since every bottle is tested and free of heavy metals.
1) Climate change, population growth, and unsustainable resource use are intensifying pressures on the global food system.
2) Business as usual will not achieve food security or environmental sustainability. Major interventions are needed to transform food production, distribution, and consumption.
3) The Commission reviewed evidence and identified a pathway to achieving food security amidst climate change through sustainable agriculture, efficient resource use, resilient production systems, and healthy food choices and diets.
The document reports on the effects of different treatments with PolyMino-Gold and PolyCarb-Ca on grapes and PolySorb hydrated with PolyMino-Gold on chillies. For grapes, bunch and berry size increased with PolyMino-Gold treatment by bunch dipping and berry size and color development increased with PolyCarb-Ca by foliar spraying. For chillies, growth, flowering, fruit numbers and size increased with PolySorb hydrated with PolyMino-Gold treatment compared to the control.
Organic farming aims to achieve good crop yields without harming the environment or people. It uses techniques like crop rotation, composting, mulching and green manures to improve soil quality and control pests without using synthetic pesticides or fertilizers. Organic farmers work with nature rather than against it to create a balanced system where crops and animals can thrive.
Urea has replaced ammonium nitrate as the dominant nitrogen fertilizer. It is sold commercially as prills or granules, with granules becoming more common. Granules are larger, harder, and more resistant to moisture loss. Urea provides advantages over other nitrogen sources such as low handling costs and few environmental pollutants during manufacturing. However, urea is susceptible to volatility losses as ammonia if not incorporated into soil or if exposed to high temperatures or pH levels. Proper application and incorporation are necessary to maximize nitrogen availability from urea and minimize losses.
The document discusses methods of fertilizer application for crops, including soil application through various placement techniques and foliar application. It explores factors that affect nutrient availability and mobility in soil as well as the advantages of foliar application over soil application. The presentation also examines how to identify nutrient deficiencies in crop leaves.
The document is an agenda for a crop seminar presented by Mr. Purvish Diwanji of Satyajit Chemicals Pvt Ltd. The agenda covers various topics related to plant nutrients including what nutrients are, their role in plants, how to identify nutrient deficiencies, issues with Indian soil, the importance of micronutrients, why chelated micronutrients are better than other forms, and management practices to increase yield and quality. The seminar provides information to farmers on optimizing nutrient levels and improving crop productivity.
The document discusses the importance of bio-fertilizers in organic agriculture. It notes that over 31 million hectares of land worldwide are currently managed organically by over 6 million farmers. Bio-fertilizers play a vital role in maintaining long-term soil fertility and sustainability by fixing atmospheric nitrogen, mobilizing macro and micronutrients, and converting insoluble phosphorus into plant-available forms. Mycorrhizal associations have been shown to alleviate aluminum toxicity, increase nutrient uptake, and maintain soil structure. Liquid bio-fertilizer technology now offers advantages over conventional bio-fertilizers and could see greater acceptance.
The document describes an organic irrigation line cleaner called DripClean that chelates nutrients from the cleaning process to benefit plants. It stabilizes soil and water pH and helps free up locked nutrients in alkaline soils. DripClean is safe to handle and classified as non-hazardous, while conventional cleaners are corrosive and hazardous. The cleaner prevents scale buildup in lines to maximize nutrient delivery and uptake for soils and plants.
This document describes a water retainer product called PolySorbTM. It is a superabsorbent polymer made of cross-linked acrylamide and potassium acrylate. When water contacts PolySorbTM, it is drawn into its molecular network through osmosis. As soil dries, PolySorbTM releases up to 95% of absorbed water. The document provides application instructions and advantages, such as increasing water and nutrient retention in soil while reducing irrigation needs by 30-50%. PolySorbTM demonstrates no toxicity and degrades naturally into beneficial compounds.
The document discusses PolyCarb, a lignosulphonate chelate that is able to chelate metal ions due to hydroxyl, carboxyl, and sulphonyl groups, giving it a high cation exchange capacity. It is derived from plant sources, making the chelated micronutrients more natural than synthetic options. The document provides details on PolyCarb's chelated forms of calcium, copper, iron, magnesium, manganese, and zinc, including formulations, pH, dosage, and advantages over sulphate and EDTA forms of metals.
This document discusses plant nutrient basics, including macro and micro nutrients, nutrient interactions, mobility, deficiency and toxicity symptoms, and susceptibility of different crops. It provides information on the natural roles of nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and sulfur. It also outlines mobility of nutrients in plants and soils. Optimum ranges and deficiency/toxicity symptoms are described for various nutrients. Finally, it discusses how different food crops are susceptible to deficiencies in specific micronutrients like boron, copper, iron, manganese, molybdenum and zinc.
Soils in India are formed by the weathering of rocks and are influenced by climate, vegetation, relief and parent material. The eight major soil types according to ICAR are alluvial, black, red, laterite, desert, mountain, saline/alkaline and peaty/marshy soils. Alluvial soils cover a large area and are highly fertile, supporting agriculture. Soil erosion due to deforestation, overgrazing and other factors needs to be controlled through conservation measures like contour farming and afforestation.
The WaterCredit Initiative applies principles of microfinance to provide small loans to individuals and communities in developing countries for water and sanitation access. Loans are repaid and recycled to help others, as grants alone cannot meet the needs of the nearly 1 billion people lacking safe drinking water. WaterCredit empowers people to address their own water needs on their own timelines in a sustainable way. Early projects in Bangladesh, India, and Kenya have shown encouraging results, with repayments launching second cycles of assistance and communities like Boya in Kenya expanding their projects. Rather than increasing debt burdens, WaterCredit loans can actually reduce monthly water costs for the poor compared to alternatives like private vendors. Going forward, the initiative aims to foster relationships between
1. Iceland
Norway Sweden Finland
Global HunGer Index 2011 by SeverIty Estonia
United Kingdom Latvia
> 30.0 Extremely alarming Denmark Lithuania Russian Federation
20.0–29.9 Alarming Neth.
Canada Belarus
10.0–19.9 Serious Ireland Poland
Germany
5.0–9.9 Moderate Bel.
Lux.
Czech Rep. Ukraine
< 4.9 Low Slovakia
Austria Kazakhstan
No data Switz. Hungary Mold.
France Slov.
Industrialized country Croatia Romania Mongolia
Italy
Serb.
Mont. Bulgaria
Mace. Georgia Kyrgyz Rep.
Uzbekistan
Portugal Spain Albania Armenia Azerb.
Bos. & N. Korea
Herz. Greece Turkey Turkmenistan Tajikistan
United States
of America Japan
S. Korea
Cyprus Syria
China
Lebanon Afghanistan
Tunisia Iran
Israel
Morocco Iraq
Jordan
Kuwait
Algeria Pakistan Nepal
Egypt Bahrain Bhutan
Western Sahara Libya Qatar
Mexico U.A.E. Bangladesh
Saudi Arabia
Cuba Dom. Rep. Myanmar Lao
Mauritania India
Mali PDR
Belize Jamaica Haiti Niger Oman
Honduras Senegal Chad Thailand Philippines
Eritrea Yemen
Guatemala The Gambia Sudan
Nicaragua Cambodia Vietnam
El Salvador Guinea-Bissau Burkina Faso Djibouti
Panama Trinidad & Tobago Benin
Costa Rica Guinea Nigeria
Venezuela Côte Togo Ethiopia
Guyana Sierra Leone Central African
d'IvoireGhana
French Guiana Republic Brunei
Liberia Cameroon Somalia Sri Lanka
Suriname Malaysia
Colombia Equatorial Guinea Uganda Papua
Congo, Kenya New Guinea
Ecuador Gabon Rep. Congo, Rw.
Dem. Rep. Bur.
Indonesia
Peru Tanzania
Timor-Leste
Comoros
Brazil Angola Malawi
Zambia
Note: For the 2011 GHI, data Bolivia
Zimbabwe Mozambique Mauritius
on the proportion of under- Namibia
nourished are for 2005–07, Botswana Australia
Paraguay
data on child underweight are Chile Madagascar
for the latest year in the period Swaziland
2004–09 for which data are Lesotho
South
available, and data on child Africa
mortality are for 2009. GHI Argentina Uruguay
scores were not calculated for
countries for which data were
not available and for certain
countries with very small
populations.
The boundaries and names shown and the designations
used on this map do not imply official endorsement or
acceptance by the International Food Policy Research
Institute (IFPRI), Welthungerhilfe, or Concern
Worldwide.
28.2
20.2
26.2
20.5
18.2
25.2
30.6
23.0
33.9
22.5
22.5
24.2
25.4
13.2
13.2
13.8
28.7
18.0
12.2
12.2
18.6
24.5
24.0
39.0
20.7
16.3
13.6
23.7
10.2
22.7
20.1
15.5
15.0
10.5
14.0
14.0
19.5
19.0
12.7
21.5
21.5
21.0
16.7
19.9
19.9
11.2
14.7
19.7
11.4
11.5
11.9
27.0
37.9
17.2
17.3
27.1
17.0
17.7
17.7
6.2
6.3
5.2
8.0
6.4
5.4
5.4
5.5
5.5
5.5
9.2
5.6
8.7
5.9
5.9
9.5
8.1
5.7
7.0
7.9
7.9
7.1
Congo, Dem. Rep.
Central African Rep.
Haiti
Ethiopia
Chad
Togo
Tanzania
Zambia
Angola
Bangladesh
Sierra Leone
Yemen, Rep.
Comoros
Timor-Leste
Eritrea
Zimbabwe
Côte d’Ivoire
Kenya
Mali
Nepal
Lao PDR
Pakistan