The document discusses globalization, defining it as the increasing interconnectedness of the world through trade, communication, culture and travel. It provides a brief history of globalization dating back to 325 BCE and highlights some key events and periods that advanced globalization. The advantages listed include increased free trade, investment opportunities, flexibility for corporations and sharing of information. Some disadvantages are the outsourcing of jobs to lower-cost countries, greater corporate influence over nation-states, widening gaps between rich and poor countries, and potential exploitation of workers in developing countries.

1. GLOBALIZATION PREPARED BY: ABDUL MUQTADAR JOGAZAI E-62 MOHAMMAD ALI E-50

2. GLOBALIZATION DEFINATION: Globalization basically means that the world is slowly becoming one, instead of divided lands. Most people think that globalization has to do with just business influences. However, it is also travel, communication, culture, etc that is affecting the spread of the world’s cultures. Basically, globalization is where goods and services are produced in one part of the world but eventually shared on an international level.

3. History The history of globalization started a lot farther back than I thought it would. The earliest event that I could find was back in circa 325BCE. A man named Chandra gupta Maury became a Buddhist and combined the powers of a world religion, trade economy, and imperial armies for the first time ever. Genghis Kahn, the expansion of Islam, the age of European exploration, slave trade, The Great Depression era, the Industrial Revolution, and now into the Technological Revolution. These are just a few of many events or occurrences that have helped jumpstart globalization. 20 years ago...globalization has started occurring

4. ADVANTAGES: Increased free trade between nations Increased liquidity of capital allowing investors in developed nations to invest in developing nations Corporations have greater flexibility to operate across borders Global mass media ties the world together

5. ADVANTAGES: Increased flow of communications allows vital information to be shared between individuals and corporations around the world Greater ease and speed of transportation for goods and people

6. ADVANTAGES: Reduction of cultural barriers increases the global village effect Spread of democratic ideals to developed nations

7. ADVANTAGES: It is reducing poverty worldwide. It promotes world peace. It is allowing access to technology in developing countries. It has benefited women and children’s rights. It raises life expectancy.

8. ADVANTAGES: Greater interdependence of nation-states Reduction of likelihood of war between developed nations Increases in environmental protection in developed nations

9. ADVANTAGES: Integration of markets: Markets are interlinked- European Union Cheaper Products for Consumer: Trainers are Cheap Providing jobs in LEDC's and help develop economy (less Economically Developed Countries)

10. ADVANTAGES: Standardization of product: the same products can be seen in some many places – EXAMPLE: coke and McDonalds Leads to Outsourcing in some cases which can lead to job loses: Moving call centers to PAKISTAN.

11. DISADVANTAGES: Increased flow of skilled and non-skilled jobs from developed to developing nations as corporations seek out the cheapest labor Increased likelihood of economic disruptions in one nation effecting all nations

12. DISADVANTAGES: Corporate influence of nation-states far exceeds that of civil society organizations and average individuals Threat that control of world media by a handful of corporations will limit cultural expression Greater chance of reactions for globalization being violent in an attempt to preserve cultural heritage

13. DISADVANTAGES: Greater risk of diseases being transported unintentionally between nations Spread of a materialistic lifestyle and attitude that sees consumption as the path to prosperity Widening of Gap between rich and poor countries

14. DISADVANTAGES: International bodies like the World Trade Organization infringe on national and individual sovereignty Increase in the chances of civil war within developing countries and open war between developing countries as they vie for resources

15. DISADVANTAGES: Decreases in environmental integrity as polluting corporations take advantage of weak regulatory rules in developing countries . Exploitation of workers: Paying the workers in LEDC's a fraction of what would be paid in to workers in LEDCs

16. DISADVANTAGES: Income generated in Host country is not always spent in the same country - money earned from supplying cheap call centers in Pakistan will not be spent in Pakistan but maybe in United kingdom or US Harder for Smaller businesses to establish themselves