The document discusses the different types of neuroglial cells in the central and peripheral nervous systems. There are four major types of neuroglial cells in the central nervous system: astrocytes, ependymal cells, microglial cells, and oligodendrocytes. Astrocytes provide metabolic support to neurons and help form the blood-brain barrier. Oligodendrocytes myelinate axons to speed signal transmission. The peripheral nervous system contains Schwann cells, which myelinate axons similarly to oligodendrocytes. Neuroglial cells outnumber neurons and provide crucial support roles to ensure neuronal survival.
The nervous system is composed of neurons and neuroglial cells. Neurons transmit sensory information to the brain and motor commands to the body. Neuroglial cells provide support and homeostasis for neurons. The document describes the main cell types of the peripheral and central nervous system, including Schwann cells, oligodendrocytes, microglia, astrocytes, ependymal cells, and how they function. It also discusses the blood brain barrier, which regulates movement between the bloodstream and brain.
Classification,Function and location fo neuroglia cellsSalmanAkram34
Neuroglia cells, also known as glial cells or glia, are the non-neuronal supporting cells of the central and peripheral nervous systems. There are several types of neuroglia cells that have different structures and functions, including astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, ependymal cells, microglia, Schwann cells, and satellite cells. Neuroglia cells play key roles like providing mechanical support to neurons, insulating neurons, removing debris, repairing damaged tissue, and maintaining the neuronal environment.
The document discusses the anatomy and histology of the central nervous system. It describes the different types of neurons, their classification based on structure and function. It also discusses the supporting glial cells like astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia and ependymal cells. It explains the structure and function of synapses and myelin sheath formation in the CNS.
The document discusses the different types of neuroglia, or non-neuronal cells, in the central and peripheral nervous systems. It describes six main types of neuroglia: oligodendrocytes that produce myelin in the CNS, astrocytes that support neurons structurally and metabolically, ependymal cells that line ventricles, microglia that perform immune functions, Schwann cells that myelinate nerves in the PNS, and satellite cells that cover neuronal cell bodies in ganglia. Neuroglia outnumber neurons 10:1 and play crucial roles in insulation, support, repair and immune defense of the nervous system.
Neuroglia are cells that provide support and protection for neurons in the central nervous system. There are several types of neuroglia, including astrocytes which provide energy and structural support for neurons, microglia which remove dead material, and oligodendrocytes which myelinate axons in the central nervous system. Schwann cells perform a similar role of myelinating axons in the peripheral nervous system. Myelination allows for faster nerve impulse transmission along myelinated axons.
This document summarizes the structure and components of neurons and nerve cells. It discusses that neurons and glia cells are the two main types of cells in the nervous system. Neurons receive and transmit information, while glia cells provide support functions. The key components of a neuron are dendrites, the cell body, the axon, and presynaptic terminals. Information flows from dendrites to the cell body and down the axon. Neurons communicate via neurotransmitters released at presynaptic terminals. The document also outlines the roles of glia cells like oligodendrocytes and astrocytes in myelination and support of neurons.
The document discusses the different types of neuroglial cells in the central and peripheral nervous systems. There are four major types of neuroglial cells in the central nervous system: astrocytes, ependymal cells, microglial cells, and oligodendrocytes. Astrocytes provide metabolic support to neurons and help form the blood-brain barrier. Oligodendrocytes myelinate axons to speed signal transmission. The peripheral nervous system contains Schwann cells, which myelinate axons similarly to oligodendrocytes. Neuroglial cells outnumber neurons and provide crucial support roles to ensure neuronal survival.
The nervous system is composed of neurons and neuroglial cells. Neurons transmit sensory information to the brain and motor commands to the body. Neuroglial cells provide support and homeostasis for neurons. The document describes the main cell types of the peripheral and central nervous system, including Schwann cells, oligodendrocytes, microglia, astrocytes, ependymal cells, and how they function. It also discusses the blood brain barrier, which regulates movement between the bloodstream and brain.
Classification,Function and location fo neuroglia cellsSalmanAkram34
Neuroglia cells, also known as glial cells or glia, are the non-neuronal supporting cells of the central and peripheral nervous systems. There are several types of neuroglia cells that have different structures and functions, including astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, ependymal cells, microglia, Schwann cells, and satellite cells. Neuroglia cells play key roles like providing mechanical support to neurons, insulating neurons, removing debris, repairing damaged tissue, and maintaining the neuronal environment.
The document discusses the anatomy and histology of the central nervous system. It describes the different types of neurons, their classification based on structure and function. It also discusses the supporting glial cells like astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia and ependymal cells. It explains the structure and function of synapses and myelin sheath formation in the CNS.
The document discusses the different types of neuroglia, or non-neuronal cells, in the central and peripheral nervous systems. It describes six main types of neuroglia: oligodendrocytes that produce myelin in the CNS, astrocytes that support neurons structurally and metabolically, ependymal cells that line ventricles, microglia that perform immune functions, Schwann cells that myelinate nerves in the PNS, and satellite cells that cover neuronal cell bodies in ganglia. Neuroglia outnumber neurons 10:1 and play crucial roles in insulation, support, repair and immune defense of the nervous system.
Neuroglia are cells that provide support and protection for neurons in the central nervous system. There are several types of neuroglia, including astrocytes which provide energy and structural support for neurons, microglia which remove dead material, and oligodendrocytes which myelinate axons in the central nervous system. Schwann cells perform a similar role of myelinating axons in the peripheral nervous system. Myelination allows for faster nerve impulse transmission along myelinated axons.
This document summarizes the structure and components of neurons and nerve cells. It discusses that neurons and glia cells are the two main types of cells in the nervous system. Neurons receive and transmit information, while glia cells provide support functions. The key components of a neuron are dendrites, the cell body, the axon, and presynaptic terminals. Information flows from dendrites to the cell body and down the axon. Neurons communicate via neurotransmitters released at presynaptic terminals. The document also outlines the roles of glia cells like oligodendrocytes and astrocytes in myelination and support of neurons.
The nervous system includes the brain, spinal cord, and a complex network of nerves. This system sends messages back and forth between the brain and the body.
The brain is what controls all the body's functions. The spinal cord runs from the brain down through the back. It contains threadlike nerves that branch out to every organ and body part. This network of nerves relays messages back and forth from the brain to different parts of the body.What Are the Parts of the Nervous System?
The nervous system is made up of the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system:
The central nervous system includes the brain and spinal cord.
The peripheral nervous system includes the nerves that run throughout the whole body.How Does the Nervous System Work?
The nervous system uses tiny cells called neurons (NEW-ronz) to send messages back and forth from the brain, through the spinal cord, to the nerves throughout the body.
Billions of neurons work together to create a communication network. Different neurons have different jobs. For example, sensory neurons send information from the eyes, ears, nose, tongue, and skin to the brain. Motor neurons carry messages away from the brain to the rest of the body to allow muscles to move. These connections make up the way we think, learn, move, and feel. They control how our bodies work — regulating breathing, digestion, and the beating of our hearts.
Glial cells - Neurobiology and Clinical AspectsRahul Kumar
Glial cells outnumber neurons in the central nervous system and provide support and protection for neurons. There are several types of glial cells - astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia, and ependymal cells. In disease states, glial cells can become reactive or activated and contribute to conditions like stroke, cerebral edema, Alzheimer's disease, neuropathic pain, epilepsy, and glioma. The document provides an overview of glial cell types, functions, pathophysiology, and their involvement in specific nervous system diseases and conditions.
There are four major types of neuroglial cells in the central nervous system: astrocytes, ependymal cells, microglial cells, and oligodendrocytes. Astrocytes regulate the flow of ions and molecules to and from neurons. Ependymal cells line the brain ventricles and spinal cord canal and produce cerebrospinal fluid. Microglial cells support neurons by phagocytizing dead cells and debris. Oligodendrocytes insulate axons with myelin to speed signal transmission between neurons.
The document summarizes the organization and components of the nervous system. It discusses that the nervous system consists of the central nervous system (CNS) which contains the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The basic cells of the nervous system are neurons, which communicate via electrical signals, and neuroglia, which provide support. There are different types of neurons based on their structure and function, such as sensory neurons, motor neurons, and interneurons. The document also describes the various types of neuroglia found in the CNS and PNS, including their roles in insulation, protection, and maintenance of the nervous system.
Cellular organization of the nervous systemDavis Mburu
This document summarizes the cellular organization of the nervous system. It describes the main cell types: neurons, which are the basic functional units, and neuroglia, which provide support. Neurons have a cell body, dendrites, and an axon. Neuroglia include astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia, and ependymal cells. Astrocytes regulate the neuronal microenvironment and form part of the blood-brain barrier. Oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells myelinate axons to increase conduction speed. The document also notes that glial cells can give rise to brain tumors since they continue to divide in adulthood, unlike most neurons.
The nervous system functions to receive information from the environment, integrate and analyze it, generate signals, and conduct neural messages to tissues that respond. It is divided into the central nervous system (CNS; brain and spinal cord) and peripheral nervous system (PNS). The PNS is further divided and includes somatic and autonomic nervous systems. Neurons can be unipolar, multipolar, or bipolar depending on their structure. A neuron has a cell body containing a nucleus, dendrites that receive signals, and an axon that conducts signals. The axon is surrounded by a myelin sheath formed by neuroglia including oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells. Neuroglia also include
definition of nervous system,distribution of nervous system in body,classification,Neuron structure and functions ,anatomy of glial cells and Types ,functions of Glial cells
Neurons are electrically excitable cells that process and transmit information through electrical and chemical signals. They connect to each other to form neural networks. Specialized neurons include sensory neurons, motor neurons, and interneurons. A typical neuron has a cell body, dendrites that receive signals, and an axon that transmits signals. Support cells in the central nervous system include oligodendrocytes, astrocytes, and microglia. Support cells in the peripheral nervous system are satellite cells and Schwann cells. The autonomic nervous system controls involuntary functions and is divided into the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems.
This pdf is about the Neuron, Glia cells & Neurotransmitters.
For more details visit on YouTube; @SELF-EXPLANATORY;
Neuron, Glia cells, Neurotransmitter: https://youtu.be/Nk1sYUkHn1g
Thanks...!
This document provides an overview of the structure and function of the nervous system. It begins by outlining learning objectives related to defining different parts of the nervous system and describing neurons and glia. It then discusses the organization of the central and peripheral nervous systems. Specific sections describe the structure and function of the brain, spinal cord, neurons, glia and different regions of the brain like the cerebrum and cerebellum. The document concludes by discussing protection of the central nervous system through meninges and cerebrospinal fluid.
1. The document discusses neuroplasticity, which is the brain's ability to reorganize and form new neural pathways in response to new information or injury.
2. It describes the basic structures of neurons and glial cells that make up brain tissue and allow for neuroplasticity.
3. The document provides an overview of the anatomy of the brain and its various regions that work together through neuroplasticity.
Neurons are the primary processors of neural signals in the central nervous system. Neuroglia, such as astrocytes and oligodendrocytes, support neuronal function through roles like maintaining homeostasis, forming myelin, and responding to injury. Vascular endothelium provides the blood supply to brain tissue. There are many classes of neurons with distinct morphologies and functions. Neurons communicate through electrical and chemical signaling at synapses.
The document summarizes the structure and function of neurons. It outlines that neurons have 5 main parts - the cell body, nucleus, dendrites, axon, and axon terminals. The cell body contains the nucleus and cytoplasm. Dendrites receive signals from other neurons and relay them to the cell body. The long axon carries impulses away from the cell body. Axon terminals are the end points that relay information to other neurons. In summary, the document provides an overview of the key anatomical structures of neurons and their roles in transmitting electrical signals in the nervous system.
- There are two main cell types in the nervous system: neurons, which receive and transmit information, and glia, which support neurons and make up more cells than neurons.
- Neurons have dendrites that receive information, a cell body with a nucleus, and an axon that transmits information via synapses.
- Glia include astrocytes that support synaptic function, oligodendrocytes that form myelin, and microglia that act as immune cells in the central nervous system.
- The blood-brain barrier protects the brain by restricting passage of substances between blood vessels and brain tissue.
The document provides an overview of the nervous system, including its structural and functional organization, cell types, neuron structure and classification, glial cells, myelination, synapses, and neural integration. Key points include that the nervous system is divided into the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS). It contains two main cell types - neurons, which transmit nerve impulses, and glial cells, which support neurons. Neurons have a cell body, dendrites, and axon. Myelination insulates axons and facilitates faster impulse conduction. Communication occurs at synapses using neurotransmitters.
The document provides an overview of the nervous system, including its structural and functional organization, cell types, neuron structure and classification, glial cells, myelination, synapses, and neural integration. Key points include that the nervous system is divided into the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS). It contains two main cell types - neurons, which transmit nerve impulses, and glial cells, which support neurons. Neurons have a cell body, dendrites, and axon. Myelination insulates axons and facilitates faster impulse conduction. Communication occurs at synapses using neurotransmitters.
Neurobiology of the neuron and neuroglia - august'18Dewan Shafiq
This document provides an overview of neurons and neuroglia in the nervous system. It describes the structure and function of neurons, including their cell body, nucleus, cytoplasm, and processes. It discusses how neurons conduct nerve impulses and communicate at synapses. It also summarizes the different types of neuroglia that support neurons, including astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia, and ependyma.
The nervous system consists of two main cell types: neurons and neuroglia. Neurons are specialized to receive, integrate, and transmit information through electrical and chemical signals. There are three main types of neurons based on their structure: pseudo-unipolar, bipolar, and multipolar. Neuroglia provide support and insulation for neurons. The two principal neuroglia types are astrocytes, which fill extracellular space, and oligodendrocytes, which form myelin sheaths around axons. Sensory receptors detect stimuli and trigger nerve impulses that allow perception in the brain. There are different types of receptors based on the stimuli they detect such as touch, temperature, light, and chemicals.
The nervous system includes the brain, spinal cord, and a complex network of nerves. This system sends messages back and forth between the brain and the body.
The brain is what controls all the body's functions. The spinal cord runs from the brain down through the back. It contains threadlike nerves that branch out to every organ and body part. This network of nerves relays messages back and forth from the brain to different parts of the body.What Are the Parts of the Nervous System?
The nervous system is made up of the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system:
The central nervous system includes the brain and spinal cord.
The peripheral nervous system includes the nerves that run throughout the whole body.How Does the Nervous System Work?
The nervous system uses tiny cells called neurons (NEW-ronz) to send messages back and forth from the brain, through the spinal cord, to the nerves throughout the body.
Billions of neurons work together to create a communication network. Different neurons have different jobs. For example, sensory neurons send information from the eyes, ears, nose, tongue, and skin to the brain. Motor neurons carry messages away from the brain to the rest of the body to allow muscles to move. These connections make up the way we think, learn, move, and feel. They control how our bodies work — regulating breathing, digestion, and the beating of our hearts.
Glial cells - Neurobiology and Clinical AspectsRahul Kumar
Glial cells outnumber neurons in the central nervous system and provide support and protection for neurons. There are several types of glial cells - astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia, and ependymal cells. In disease states, glial cells can become reactive or activated and contribute to conditions like stroke, cerebral edema, Alzheimer's disease, neuropathic pain, epilepsy, and glioma. The document provides an overview of glial cell types, functions, pathophysiology, and their involvement in specific nervous system diseases and conditions.
There are four major types of neuroglial cells in the central nervous system: astrocytes, ependymal cells, microglial cells, and oligodendrocytes. Astrocytes regulate the flow of ions and molecules to and from neurons. Ependymal cells line the brain ventricles and spinal cord canal and produce cerebrospinal fluid. Microglial cells support neurons by phagocytizing dead cells and debris. Oligodendrocytes insulate axons with myelin to speed signal transmission between neurons.
The document summarizes the organization and components of the nervous system. It discusses that the nervous system consists of the central nervous system (CNS) which contains the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The basic cells of the nervous system are neurons, which communicate via electrical signals, and neuroglia, which provide support. There are different types of neurons based on their structure and function, such as sensory neurons, motor neurons, and interneurons. The document also describes the various types of neuroglia found in the CNS and PNS, including their roles in insulation, protection, and maintenance of the nervous system.
Cellular organization of the nervous systemDavis Mburu
This document summarizes the cellular organization of the nervous system. It describes the main cell types: neurons, which are the basic functional units, and neuroglia, which provide support. Neurons have a cell body, dendrites, and an axon. Neuroglia include astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia, and ependymal cells. Astrocytes regulate the neuronal microenvironment and form part of the blood-brain barrier. Oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells myelinate axons to increase conduction speed. The document also notes that glial cells can give rise to brain tumors since they continue to divide in adulthood, unlike most neurons.
The nervous system functions to receive information from the environment, integrate and analyze it, generate signals, and conduct neural messages to tissues that respond. It is divided into the central nervous system (CNS; brain and spinal cord) and peripheral nervous system (PNS). The PNS is further divided and includes somatic and autonomic nervous systems. Neurons can be unipolar, multipolar, or bipolar depending on their structure. A neuron has a cell body containing a nucleus, dendrites that receive signals, and an axon that conducts signals. The axon is surrounded by a myelin sheath formed by neuroglia including oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells. Neuroglia also include
definition of nervous system,distribution of nervous system in body,classification,Neuron structure and functions ,anatomy of glial cells and Types ,functions of Glial cells
Neurons are electrically excitable cells that process and transmit information through electrical and chemical signals. They connect to each other to form neural networks. Specialized neurons include sensory neurons, motor neurons, and interneurons. A typical neuron has a cell body, dendrites that receive signals, and an axon that transmits signals. Support cells in the central nervous system include oligodendrocytes, astrocytes, and microglia. Support cells in the peripheral nervous system are satellite cells and Schwann cells. The autonomic nervous system controls involuntary functions and is divided into the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems.
This pdf is about the Neuron, Glia cells & Neurotransmitters.
For more details visit on YouTube; @SELF-EXPLANATORY;
Neuron, Glia cells, Neurotransmitter: https://youtu.be/Nk1sYUkHn1g
Thanks...!
This document provides an overview of the structure and function of the nervous system. It begins by outlining learning objectives related to defining different parts of the nervous system and describing neurons and glia. It then discusses the organization of the central and peripheral nervous systems. Specific sections describe the structure and function of the brain, spinal cord, neurons, glia and different regions of the brain like the cerebrum and cerebellum. The document concludes by discussing protection of the central nervous system through meninges and cerebrospinal fluid.
1. The document discusses neuroplasticity, which is the brain's ability to reorganize and form new neural pathways in response to new information or injury.
2. It describes the basic structures of neurons and glial cells that make up brain tissue and allow for neuroplasticity.
3. The document provides an overview of the anatomy of the brain and its various regions that work together through neuroplasticity.
Neurons are the primary processors of neural signals in the central nervous system. Neuroglia, such as astrocytes and oligodendrocytes, support neuronal function through roles like maintaining homeostasis, forming myelin, and responding to injury. Vascular endothelium provides the blood supply to brain tissue. There are many classes of neurons with distinct morphologies and functions. Neurons communicate through electrical and chemical signaling at synapses.
The document summarizes the structure and function of neurons. It outlines that neurons have 5 main parts - the cell body, nucleus, dendrites, axon, and axon terminals. The cell body contains the nucleus and cytoplasm. Dendrites receive signals from other neurons and relay them to the cell body. The long axon carries impulses away from the cell body. Axon terminals are the end points that relay information to other neurons. In summary, the document provides an overview of the key anatomical structures of neurons and their roles in transmitting electrical signals in the nervous system.
- There are two main cell types in the nervous system: neurons, which receive and transmit information, and glia, which support neurons and make up more cells than neurons.
- Neurons have dendrites that receive information, a cell body with a nucleus, and an axon that transmits information via synapses.
- Glia include astrocytes that support synaptic function, oligodendrocytes that form myelin, and microglia that act as immune cells in the central nervous system.
- The blood-brain barrier protects the brain by restricting passage of substances between blood vessels and brain tissue.
The document provides an overview of the nervous system, including its structural and functional organization, cell types, neuron structure and classification, glial cells, myelination, synapses, and neural integration. Key points include that the nervous system is divided into the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS). It contains two main cell types - neurons, which transmit nerve impulses, and glial cells, which support neurons. Neurons have a cell body, dendrites, and axon. Myelination insulates axons and facilitates faster impulse conduction. Communication occurs at synapses using neurotransmitters.
The document provides an overview of the nervous system, including its structural and functional organization, cell types, neuron structure and classification, glial cells, myelination, synapses, and neural integration. Key points include that the nervous system is divided into the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS). It contains two main cell types - neurons, which transmit nerve impulses, and glial cells, which support neurons. Neurons have a cell body, dendrites, and axon. Myelination insulates axons and facilitates faster impulse conduction. Communication occurs at synapses using neurotransmitters.
Neurobiology of the neuron and neuroglia - august'18Dewan Shafiq
This document provides an overview of neurons and neuroglia in the nervous system. It describes the structure and function of neurons, including their cell body, nucleus, cytoplasm, and processes. It discusses how neurons conduct nerve impulses and communicate at synapses. It also summarizes the different types of neuroglia that support neurons, including astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia, and ependyma.
The nervous system consists of two main cell types: neurons and neuroglia. Neurons are specialized to receive, integrate, and transmit information through electrical and chemical signals. There are three main types of neurons based on their structure: pseudo-unipolar, bipolar, and multipolar. Neuroglia provide support and insulation for neurons. The two principal neuroglia types are astrocytes, which fill extracellular space, and oligodendrocytes, which form myelin sheaths around axons. Sensory receptors detect stimuli and trigger nerve impulses that allow perception in the brain. There are different types of receptors based on the stimuli they detect such as touch, temperature, light, and chemicals.
The technology uses reclaimed CO₂ as the dyeing medium in a closed loop process. When pressurized, CO₂ becomes supercritical (SC-CO₂). In this state CO₂ has a very high solvent power, allowing the dye to dissolve easily.
EWOCS-I: The catalog of X-ray sources in Westerlund 1 from the Extended Weste...Sérgio Sacani
Context. With a mass exceeding several 104 M⊙ and a rich and dense population of massive stars, supermassive young star clusters
represent the most massive star-forming environment that is dominated by the feedback from massive stars and gravitational interactions
among stars.
Aims. In this paper we present the Extended Westerlund 1 and 2 Open Clusters Survey (EWOCS) project, which aims to investigate
the influence of the starburst environment on the formation of stars and planets, and on the evolution of both low and high mass stars.
The primary targets of this project are Westerlund 1 and 2, the closest supermassive star clusters to the Sun.
Methods. The project is based primarily on recent observations conducted with the Chandra and JWST observatories. Specifically,
the Chandra survey of Westerlund 1 consists of 36 new ACIS-I observations, nearly co-pointed, for a total exposure time of 1 Msec.
Additionally, we included 8 archival Chandra/ACIS-S observations. This paper presents the resulting catalog of X-ray sources within
and around Westerlund 1. Sources were detected by combining various existing methods, and photon extraction and source validation
were carried out using the ACIS-Extract software.
Results. The EWOCS X-ray catalog comprises 5963 validated sources out of the 9420 initially provided to ACIS-Extract, reaching a
photon flux threshold of approximately 2 × 10−8 photons cm−2
s
−1
. The X-ray sources exhibit a highly concentrated spatial distribution,
with 1075 sources located within the central 1 arcmin. We have successfully detected X-ray emissions from 126 out of the 166 known
massive stars of the cluster, and we have collected over 71 000 photons from the magnetar CXO J164710.20-455217.
The binding of cosmological structures by massless topological defectsSérgio Sacani
Assuming spherical symmetry and weak field, it is shown that if one solves the Poisson equation or the Einstein field
equations sourced by a topological defect, i.e. a singularity of a very specific form, the result is a localized gravitational
field capable of driving flat rotation (i.e. Keplerian circular orbits at a constant speed for all radii) of test masses on a thin
spherical shell without any underlying mass. Moreover, a large-scale structure which exploits this solution by assembling
concentrically a number of such topological defects can establish a flat stellar or galactic rotation curve, and can also deflect
light in the same manner as an equipotential (isothermal) sphere. Thus, the need for dark matter or modified gravity theory is
mitigated, at least in part.
The use of Nauplii and metanauplii artemia in aquaculture (brine shrimp).pptxMAGOTI ERNEST
Although Artemia has been known to man for centuries, its use as a food for the culture of larval organisms apparently began only in the 1930s, when several investigators found that it made an excellent food for newly hatched fish larvae (Litvinenko et al., 2023). As aquaculture developed in the 1960s and ‘70s, the use of Artemia also became more widespread, due both to its convenience and to its nutritional value for larval organisms (Arenas-Pardo et al., 2024). The fact that Artemia dormant cysts can be stored for long periods in cans, and then used as an off-the-shelf food requiring only 24 h of incubation makes them the most convenient, least labor-intensive, live food available for aquaculture (Sorgeloos & Roubach, 2021). The nutritional value of Artemia, especially for marine organisms, is not constant, but varies both geographically and temporally. During the last decade, however, both the causes of Artemia nutritional variability and methods to improve poorquality Artemia have been identified (Loufi et al., 2024).
Brine shrimp (Artemia spp.) are used in marine aquaculture worldwide. Annually, more than 2,000 metric tons of dry cysts are used for cultivation of fish, crustacean, and shellfish larva. Brine shrimp are important to aquaculture because newly hatched brine shrimp nauplii (larvae) provide a food source for many fish fry (Mozanzadeh et al., 2021). Culture and harvesting of brine shrimp eggs represents another aspect of the aquaculture industry. Nauplii and metanauplii of Artemia, commonly known as brine shrimp, play a crucial role in aquaculture due to their nutritional value and suitability as live feed for many aquatic species, particularly in larval stages (Sorgeloos & Roubach, 2021).
Travis Hills' Endeavors in Minnesota: Fostering Environmental and Economic Pr...Travis Hills MN
Travis Hills of Minnesota developed a method to convert waste into high-value dry fertilizer, significantly enriching soil quality. By providing farmers with a valuable resource derived from waste, Travis Hills helps enhance farm profitability while promoting environmental stewardship. Travis Hills' sustainable practices lead to cost savings and increased revenue for farmers by improving resource efficiency and reducing waste.
The ability to recreate computational results with minimal effort and actionable metrics provides a solid foundation for scientific research and software development. When people can replicate an analysis at the touch of a button using open-source software, open data, and methods to assess and compare proposals, it significantly eases verification of results, engagement with a diverse range of contributors, and progress. However, we have yet to fully achieve this; there are still many sociotechnical frictions.
Inspired by David Donoho's vision, this talk aims to revisit the three crucial pillars of frictionless reproducibility (data sharing, code sharing, and competitive challenges) with the perspective of deep software variability.
Our observation is that multiple layers — hardware, operating systems, third-party libraries, software versions, input data, compile-time options, and parameters — are subject to variability that exacerbates frictions but is also essential for achieving robust, generalizable results and fostering innovation. I will first review the literature, providing evidence of how the complex variability interactions across these layers affect qualitative and quantitative software properties, thereby complicating the reproduction and replication of scientific studies in various fields.
I will then present some software engineering and AI techniques that can support the strategic exploration of variability spaces. These include the use of abstractions and models (e.g., feature models), sampling strategies (e.g., uniform, random), cost-effective measurements (e.g., incremental build of software configurations), and dimensionality reduction methods (e.g., transfer learning, feature selection, software debloating).
I will finally argue that deep variability is both the problem and solution of frictionless reproducibility, calling the software science community to develop new methods and tools to manage variability and foster reproducibility in software systems.
Exposé invité Journées Nationales du GDR GPL 2024
Authoring a personal GPT for your research and practice: How we created the Q...Leonel Morgado
Thematic analysis in qualitative research is a time-consuming and systematic task, typically done using teams. Team members must ground their activities on common understandings of the major concepts underlying the thematic analysis, and define criteria for its development. However, conceptual misunderstandings, equivocations, and lack of adherence to criteria are challenges to the quality and speed of this process. Given the distributed and uncertain nature of this process, we wondered if the tasks in thematic analysis could be supported by readily available artificial intelligence chatbots. Our early efforts point to potential benefits: not just saving time in the coding process but better adherence to criteria and grounding, by increasing triangulation between humans and artificial intelligence. This tutorial will provide a description and demonstration of the process we followed, as two academic researchers, to develop a custom ChatGPT to assist with qualitative coding in the thematic data analysis process of immersive learning accounts in a survey of the academic literature: QUAL-E Immersive Learning Thematic Analysis Helper. In the hands-on time, participants will try out QUAL-E and develop their ideas for their own qualitative coding ChatGPT. Participants that have the paid ChatGPT Plus subscription can create a draft of their assistants. The organizers will provide course materials and slide deck that participants will be able to utilize to continue development of their custom GPT. The paid subscription to ChatGPT Plus is not required to participate in this workshop, just for trying out personal GPTs during it.
Phenomics assisted breeding in crop improvementIshaGoswami9
As the population is increasing and will reach about 9 billion upto 2050. Also due to climate change, it is difficult to meet the food requirement of such a large population. Facing the challenges presented by resource shortages, climate
change, and increasing global population, crop yield and quality need to be improved in a sustainable way over the coming decades. Genetic improvement by breeding is the best way to increase crop productivity. With the rapid progression of functional
genomics, an increasing number of crop genomes have been sequenced and dozens of genes influencing key agronomic traits have been identified. However, current genome sequence information has not been adequately exploited for understanding
the complex characteristics of multiple gene, owing to a lack of crop phenotypic data. Efficient, automatic, and accurate technologies and platforms that can capture phenotypic data that can
be linked to genomics information for crop improvement at all growth stages have become as important as genotyping. Thus,
high-throughput phenotyping has become the major bottleneck restricting crop breeding. Plant phenomics has been defined as the high-throughput, accurate acquisition and analysis of multi-dimensional phenotypes
during crop growing stages at the organism level, including the cell, tissue, organ, individual plant, plot, and field levels. With the rapid development of novel sensors, imaging technology,
and analysis methods, numerous infrastructure platforms have been developed for phenotyping.
Describing and Interpreting an Immersive Learning Case with the Immersion Cub...Leonel Morgado
Current descriptions of immersive learning cases are often difficult or impossible to compare. This is due to a myriad of different options on what details to include, which aspects are relevant, and on the descriptive approaches employed. Also, these aspects often combine very specific details with more general guidelines or indicate intents and rationales without clarifying their implementation. In this paper we provide a method to describe immersive learning cases that is structured to enable comparisons, yet flexible enough to allow researchers and practitioners to decide which aspects to include. This method leverages a taxonomy that classifies educational aspects at three levels (uses, practices, and strategies) and then utilizes two frameworks, the Immersive Learning Brain and the Immersion Cube, to enable a structured description and interpretation of immersive learning cases. The method is then demonstrated on a published immersive learning case on training for wind turbine maintenance using virtual reality. Applying the method results in a structured artifact, the Immersive Learning Case Sheet, that tags the case with its proximal uses, practices, and strategies, and refines the free text case description to ensure that matching details are included. This contribution is thus a case description method in support of future comparative research of immersive learning cases. We then discuss how the resulting description and interpretation can be leveraged to change immersion learning cases, by enriching them (considering low-effort changes or additions) or innovating (exploring more challenging avenues of transformation). The method holds significant promise to support better-grounded research in immersive learning.
Or: Beyond linear.
Abstract: Equivariant neural networks are neural networks that incorporate symmetries. The nonlinear activation functions in these networks result in interesting nonlinear equivariant maps between simple representations, and motivate the key player of this talk: piecewise linear representation theory.
Disclaimer: No one is perfect, so please mind that there might be mistakes and typos.
dtubbenhauer@gmail.com
Corrected slides: dtubbenhauer.com/talks.html
Current Ms word generated power point presentation covers major details about the micronuclei test. It's significance and assays to conduct it. It is used to detect the micronuclei formation inside the cells of nearly every multicellular organism. It's formation takes place during chromosomal sepration at metaphase.
1. D R . R A K E S H K U M A R G U P T A
Glial cells
2. Glial cells
Glial cells, also known as neuroglia, are cells that surround and support
the neurons of the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous
system.
They do not carry nerve impulses (action potentials), but they do
perform a variety of important functions.
Neurons would not function properly without them.
3. TYPES OF GLIAL CELLS CELLS
Glial cells are classified into six
types Astrocytes
Ependymal Cells
Microglia
Satellite Cells
Oligodendrocytes
Schwann Cell
GLIAL CELLS
4. ASTROCYTES
Astrocytes are star-shaped glial cells within the brain and spinal cord,
depending on the method used they make up between 20 and 40% of all
glial cells.
Function:
Metabolic support
Regulation of extracellular ionic environment
Neurotransmitter uptake
Modulation of synaptic transmission
5. Ependymal Cells
Ependymal Cells
The ependyma is the thin lining of the
ventricular system of the brain and
spinal cord.
The main function of these cells is the
production of cerebrospinal
fluid (CSF) as a part of the choroid
plexus.
6. Oligdendrocyte
These cells are responsible for insulating the
axons in the central nervous system. They
carry out this function by producing
a myelin sheath that enwraps around a
part of the axon.
Microglia
Microglial cells make up between 10 and 15% of
cells within the brain and are of
a mesodermal origin, unlike the other glial cells
which are of ectodermal origin.
These cells form the resident immune system of
the brain.
They are activated in response to tissue damage and
have the capability to recognise foreign antigens and
initiate phagocytosis to remove foreign material.
7. TYPES OF GLIAL CELLS CELLS
Schwan cells:
Schwann cells are named for Theodor Schwann, the
physiologist who discovered them.
They function a lot like oligodendrocytes by
providing myelin sheaths for axons. However,
Schwann cells are found in the peripheral nervous
system (PNS) rather than the CNS.
Satellite cells:
Satellite cells get their name from the way they
surround certain neurons, with several
"satellites" forming a sheath around the cellular
surface.
GLIAL CELLS