2. Introduction:
Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is an inflammatory process characterized by
irreversible morphological changes in the pancreas.
Pain is the predominant symptom observed during the course of CP.
Pain is multifactorial:ductal hypertension from PD obstruction,
neuropathic causes &extrapancreatic comps as pseudocyst&distal bil obs.
A sizeable % of CP are amenable to endoscopic treatment that includes:
Decompression of PD with one or more plastic stents in those with stricture
Fragmentation of PD calculi using extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy.
Nearly 2/3 achieve pain relief in the long term with endotherapy.
Follow up of the suitability of endotherapy is paramount for best outcomes
Predictors of poor response to endotherapy:multifocal dis, with multifocal
strictures or multiple calculi throughout the pancreas, or both.
With emerging covered metal stents, the outcomes improve in refractory
PD strictures&CP-related distal biliary obst.
EUS is a complementary for CP management&associated complications
like pseudocysts, refr pain& vascular complications.
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10. Conclusion:
Endotherapy for CP includes the management of pain, PD calculi,
strictures, &associated complications.
Endotherapy IS only one prong in the management algorithm of CP &
should be integrated in lifestyle interventions like smoking&alcohol
cessation, pharm& nonpharmacological therapies.
The first&foremost step is the assessment for suitability of endotherapy.
Large PD calculi:by ESWL or pancreatoscopy-assisted lithotripsy.
A step-up approach in cases with PD strictures that includes incremental
placement of MPS in cases with suboptimal response to a single stent.
CP-related BS are esp refractory to endotherapy,so upfront use of MPS or
FCSEMS is recommended.
It is imperative to comprehend the limitations of endotherapy.
The suitability for endotherapy is not similar in all spectrum of CP& poor
responders should be referred for surgery early.
With evidence of benefits of early surgery, a calculated decision should be
made based on the patient’s preferences, available resources& expertise