A geologist studies the solid and liquid matter that constitutes the Earth, as well as the processes that have shaped it. They approach geology using various sciences. A physical geologist specifically focuses on the materials the Earth is made of and the processes that form them. To become a geologist requires at minimum a bachelor's degree in geology or a related field, with many positions requiring a graduate degree. Geologists work in government agencies, engineering firms, museums, and oil/gas/mining companies. Their typical uniform and tools include hammers, safety goggles, backpacks, and notebooks.