2024 State of Marketing Report – by HubspotMarius Sescu
https://www.hubspot.com/state-of-marketing
· Scaling relationships and proving ROI
· Social media is the place for search, sales, and service
· Authentic influencer partnerships fuel brand growth
· The strongest connections happen via call, click, chat, and camera.
· Time saved with AI leads to more creative work
· Seeking: A single source of truth
· TLDR; Get on social, try AI, and align your systems.
· More human marketing, powered by robots
ChatGPT is a revolutionary addition to the world since its introduction in 2022. A big shift in the sector of information gathering and processing happened because of this chatbot. What is the story of ChatGPT? How is the bot responding to prompts and generating contents? Swipe through these slides prepared by Expeed Software, a web development company regarding the development and technical intricacies of ChatGPT!
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsPixeldarts
The realm of product design is a constantly changing environment where technology and style intersect. Every year introduces fresh challenges and exciting trends that mold the future of this captivating art form. In this piece, we delve into the significant trends set to influence the look and functionality of product design in the year 2024.
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthThinkNow
Mental health has been in the news quite a bit lately. Dozens of U.S. states are currently suing Meta for contributing to the youth mental health crisis by inserting addictive features into their products, while the U.S. Surgeon General is touring the nation to bring awareness to the growing epidemic of loneliness and isolation. The country has endured periods of low national morale, such as in the 1970s when high inflation and the energy crisis worsened public sentiment following the Vietnam War. The current mood, however, feels different. Gallup recently reported that national mental health is at an all-time low, with few bright spots to lift spirits.
To better understand how Americans are feeling and their attitudes towards mental health in general, ThinkNow conducted a nationally representative quantitative survey of 1,500 respondents and found some interesting differences among ethnic, age and gender groups.
Technology
For example, 52% agree that technology and social media have a negative impact on mental health, but when broken out by race, 61% of Whites felt technology had a negative effect, and only 48% of Hispanics thought it did.
While technology has helped us keep in touch with friends and family in faraway places, it appears to have degraded our ability to connect in person. Staying connected online is a double-edged sword since the same news feed that brings us pictures of the grandkids and fluffy kittens also feeds us news about the wars in Israel and Ukraine, the dysfunction in Washington, the latest mass shooting and the climate crisis.
Hispanics may have a built-in defense against the isolation technology breeds, owing to their large, multigenerational households, strong social support systems, and tendency to use social media to stay connected with relatives abroad.
Age and Gender
When asked how individuals rate their mental health, men rate it higher than women by 11 percentage points, and Baby Boomers rank it highest at 83%, saying it’s good or excellent vs. 57% of Gen Z saying the same.
Gen Z spends the most amount of time on social media, so the notion that social media negatively affects mental health appears to be correlated. Unfortunately, Gen Z is also the generation that’s least comfortable discussing mental health concerns with healthcare professionals. Only 40% of them state they’re comfortable discussing their issues with a professional compared to 60% of Millennials and 65% of Boomers.
Race Affects Attitudes
As seen in previous research conducted by ThinkNow, Asian Americans lag other groups when it comes to awareness of mental health issues. Twenty-four percent of Asian Americans believe that having a mental health issue is a sign of weakness compared to the 16% average for all groups. Asians are also considerably less likely to be aware of mental health services in their communities (42% vs. 55%) and most likely to seek out information on social media (51% vs. 35%).
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfmarketingartwork
Creative operations teams expect increased AI use in 2024. Currently, over half of tasks are not AI-enabled, but this is expected to decrease in the coming year. ChatGPT is the most popular AI tool currently. Business leaders are more actively exploring AI benefits than individual contributors. Most respondents do not believe AI will impact workforce size in 2024. However, some inhibitions still exist around AI accuracy and lack of understanding. Creatives primarily want to use AI to save time on mundane tasks and boost productivity.
Organizational culture includes values, norms, systems, symbols, language, assumptions, beliefs, and habits that influence employee behaviors and how people interpret those behaviors. It is important because culture can help or hinder a company's success. Some key aspects of Netflix's culture that help it achieve results include hiring smartly so every position has stars, focusing on attitude over just aptitude, and having a strict policy against peacocks, whiners, and jerks.
PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024Neil Kimberley
PepsiCo provided a safe harbor statement noting that any forward-looking statements are based on currently available information and are subject to risks and uncertainties. It also provided information on non-GAAP measures and directing readers to its website for disclosure and reconciliation. The document then discussed PepsiCo's business overview, including that it is a global beverage and convenient food company with iconic brands, $91 billion in net revenue in 2023, and nearly $14 billion in core operating profit. It operates through a divisional structure with a focus on local consumers.
Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)contently
This document provides an overview of content methodology best practices. It defines content methodology as establishing objectives, KPIs, and a culture of continuous learning and iteration. An effective methodology focuses on connecting with audiences, creating optimal content, and optimizing processes. It also discusses why a methodology is needed due to the competitive landscape, proliferation of channels, and opportunities for improvement. Components of an effective methodology include defining objectives and KPIs, audience analysis, identifying opportunities, and evaluating resources. The document concludes with recommendations around creating a content plan, testing and optimizing content over 90 days.
How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024Albert Qian
The document provides guidance on preparing a job search for 2024. It discusses the state of the job market, focusing on growth in AI and healthcare but also continued layoffs. It recommends figuring out what you want to do by researching interests and skills, then conducting informational interviews. The job search should involve building a personal brand on LinkedIn, actively applying to jobs, tailoring resumes and interviews, maintaining job hunting as a habit, and continuing self-improvement. Once hired, the document advises setting new goals and keeping skills and networking active in case of future opportunities.
A report by thenetworkone and Kurio.
The contributing experts and agencies are (in an alphabetical order): Sylwia Rytel, Social Media Supervisor, 180heartbeats + JUNG v MATT (PL), Sharlene Jenner, Vice President - Director of Engagement Strategy, Abelson Taylor (USA), Alex Casanovas, Digital Director, Atrevia (ES), Dora Beilin, Senior Social Strategist, Barrett Hoffher (USA), Min Seo, Campaign Director, Brand New Agency (KR), Deshé M. Gully, Associate Strategist, Day One Agency (USA), Francesca Trevisan, Strategist, Different (IT), Trevor Crossman, CX and Digital Transformation Director; Olivia Hussey, Strategic Planner; Simi Srinarula, Social Media Manager, The Hallway (AUS), James Hebbert, Managing Director, Hylink (CN / UK), Mundy Álvarez, Planning Director; Pedro Rojas, Social Media Manager; Pancho González, CCO, Inbrax (CH), Oana Oprea, Head of Digital Planning, Jam Session Agency (RO), Amy Bottrill, Social Account Director, Launch (UK), Gaby Arriaga, Founder, Leonardo1452 (MX), Shantesh S Row, Creative Director, Liwa (UAE), Rajesh Mehta, Chief Strategy Officer; Dhruv Gaur, Digital Planning Lead; Leonie Mergulhao, Account Supervisor - Social Media & PR, Medulla (IN), Aurelija Plioplytė, Head of Digital & Social, Not Perfect (LI), Daiana Khaidargaliyeva, Account Manager, Osaka Labs (UK / USA), Stefanie Söhnchen, Vice President Digital, PIABO Communications (DE), Elisabeth Winiartati, Managing Consultant, Head of Global Integrated Communications; Lydia Aprina, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Nita Prabowo, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Okhi, Web Developer, PNTR Group (ID), Kei Obusan, Insights Director; Daffi Ranandi, Insights Manager, Radarr (SG), Gautam Reghunath, Co-founder & CEO, Talented (IN), Donagh Humphreys, Head of Social and Digital Innovation, THINKHOUSE (IRE), Sarah Yim, Strategy Director, Zulu Alpha Kilo (CA).
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Search Engine Journal
The search marketing landscape is evolving rapidly with new technologies, and professionals, like you, rely on innovative paid search strategies to meet changing demands.
It’s important that you’re ready to implement new strategies in 2024.
Check this out and learn the top trends in paid search advertising that are expected to gain traction, so you can drive higher ROI more efficiently in 2024.
You’ll learn:
- The latest trends in AI and automation, and what this means for an evolving paid search ecosystem.
- New developments in privacy and data regulation.
- Emerging ad formats that are expected to make an impact next year.
Watch Sreekant Lanka from iQuanti and Irina Klein from OneMain Financial as they dive into the future of paid search and explore the trends, strategies, and technologies that will shape the search marketing landscape.
If you’re looking to assess your paid search strategy and design an industry-aligned plan for 2024, then this webinar is for you.
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summarySpeakerHub
From their humble beginnings in 1984, TED has grown into the world’s most powerful amplifier for speakers and thought-leaders to share their ideas. They have over 2,400 filmed talks (not including the 30,000+ TEDx videos) freely available online, and have hosted over 17,500 events around the world.
With over one billion views in a year, it’s no wonder that so many speakers are looking to TED for ideas on how to share their message more effectively.
The article “5 Public-Speaking Tips TED Gives Its Speakers”, by Carmine Gallo for Forbes, gives speakers five practical ways to connect with their audience, and effectively share their ideas on stage.
Whether you are gearing up to get on a TED stage yourself, or just want to master the skills that so many of their speakers possess, these tips and quotes from Chris Anderson, the TED Talks Curator, will encourage you to make the most impactful impression on your audience.
See the full article and more summaries like this on SpeakerHub here: https://speakerhub.com/blog/5-presentation-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers
See the original article on Forbes here:
http://www.forbes.com/forbes/welcome/?toURL=http://www.forbes.com/sites/carminegallo/2016/05/06/5-public-speaking-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers/&refURL=&referrer=#5c07a8221d9b
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd Clark Boyd
Everyone is in agreement that ChatGPT (and other generative AI tools) will shape the future of work. Yet there is little consensus on exactly how, when, and to what extent this technology will change our world.
Businesses that extract maximum value from ChatGPT will use it as a collaborative tool for everything from brainstorming to technical maintenance.
For individuals, now is the time to pinpoint the skills the future professional will need to thrive in the AI age.
Check out this presentation to understand what ChatGPT is, how it will shape the future of work, and how you can prepare to take advantage.
The document provides career advice for getting into the tech field, including:
- Doing projects and internships in college to build a portfolio.
- Learning about different roles and technologies through industry research.
- Contributing to open source projects to build experience and network.
- Developing a personal brand through a website and social media presence.
- Networking through events, communities, and finding a mentor.
- Practicing interviews through mock interviews and whiteboarding coding questions.
Google's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search IntentLily Ray
1. Core updates from Google periodically change how its algorithms assess and rank websites and pages. This can impact rankings through shifts in user intent, site quality issues being caught up to, world events influencing queries, and overhauls to search like the E-A-T framework.
2. There are many possible user intents beyond just transactional, navigational and informational. Identifying intent shifts is important during core updates. Sites may need to optimize for new intents through different content types and sections.
3. Responding effectively to core updates requires analyzing "before and after" data to understand changes, identifying new intents or page types, and ensuring content matches appropriate intents across video, images, knowledge graphs and more.
A brief introduction to DataScience with explaining of the concepts, algorithms, machine learning, supervised and unsupervised learning, clustering, statistics, data preprocessing, real-world applications etc.
It's part of a Data Science Corner Campaign where I will be discussing the fundamentals of DataScience, AIML, Statistics etc.
Time Management & Productivity - Best PracticesVit Horky
Here's my presentation on by proven best practices how to manage your work time effectively and how to improve your productivity. It includes practical tips and how to use tools such as Slack, Google Apps, Hubspot, Google Calendar, Gmail and others.
The six step guide to practical project managementMindGenius
The six step guide to practical project management
If you think managing projects is too difficult, think again.
We’ve stripped back project management processes to the
basics – to make it quicker and easier, without sacrificing
the vital ingredients for success.
“If you’re looking for some real-world guidance, then The Six Step Guide to Practical Project Management will help.”
Dr Andrew Makar, Tactical Project Management
2024 State of Marketing Report – by HubspotMarius Sescu
https://www.hubspot.com/state-of-marketing
· Scaling relationships and proving ROI
· Social media is the place for search, sales, and service
· Authentic influencer partnerships fuel brand growth
· The strongest connections happen via call, click, chat, and camera.
· Time saved with AI leads to more creative work
· Seeking: A single source of truth
· TLDR; Get on social, try AI, and align your systems.
· More human marketing, powered by robots
ChatGPT is a revolutionary addition to the world since its introduction in 2022. A big shift in the sector of information gathering and processing happened because of this chatbot. What is the story of ChatGPT? How is the bot responding to prompts and generating contents? Swipe through these slides prepared by Expeed Software, a web development company regarding the development and technical intricacies of ChatGPT!
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsPixeldarts
The realm of product design is a constantly changing environment where technology and style intersect. Every year introduces fresh challenges and exciting trends that mold the future of this captivating art form. In this piece, we delve into the significant trends set to influence the look and functionality of product design in the year 2024.
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthThinkNow
Mental health has been in the news quite a bit lately. Dozens of U.S. states are currently suing Meta for contributing to the youth mental health crisis by inserting addictive features into their products, while the U.S. Surgeon General is touring the nation to bring awareness to the growing epidemic of loneliness and isolation. The country has endured periods of low national morale, such as in the 1970s when high inflation and the energy crisis worsened public sentiment following the Vietnam War. The current mood, however, feels different. Gallup recently reported that national mental health is at an all-time low, with few bright spots to lift spirits.
To better understand how Americans are feeling and their attitudes towards mental health in general, ThinkNow conducted a nationally representative quantitative survey of 1,500 respondents and found some interesting differences among ethnic, age and gender groups.
Technology
For example, 52% agree that technology and social media have a negative impact on mental health, but when broken out by race, 61% of Whites felt technology had a negative effect, and only 48% of Hispanics thought it did.
While technology has helped us keep in touch with friends and family in faraway places, it appears to have degraded our ability to connect in person. Staying connected online is a double-edged sword since the same news feed that brings us pictures of the grandkids and fluffy kittens also feeds us news about the wars in Israel and Ukraine, the dysfunction in Washington, the latest mass shooting and the climate crisis.
Hispanics may have a built-in defense against the isolation technology breeds, owing to their large, multigenerational households, strong social support systems, and tendency to use social media to stay connected with relatives abroad.
Age and Gender
When asked how individuals rate their mental health, men rate it higher than women by 11 percentage points, and Baby Boomers rank it highest at 83%, saying it’s good or excellent vs. 57% of Gen Z saying the same.
Gen Z spends the most amount of time on social media, so the notion that social media negatively affects mental health appears to be correlated. Unfortunately, Gen Z is also the generation that’s least comfortable discussing mental health concerns with healthcare professionals. Only 40% of them state they’re comfortable discussing their issues with a professional compared to 60% of Millennials and 65% of Boomers.
Race Affects Attitudes
As seen in previous research conducted by ThinkNow, Asian Americans lag other groups when it comes to awareness of mental health issues. Twenty-four percent of Asian Americans believe that having a mental health issue is a sign of weakness compared to the 16% average for all groups. Asians are also considerably less likely to be aware of mental health services in their communities (42% vs. 55%) and most likely to seek out information on social media (51% vs. 35%).
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfmarketingartwork
Creative operations teams expect increased AI use in 2024. Currently, over half of tasks are not AI-enabled, but this is expected to decrease in the coming year. ChatGPT is the most popular AI tool currently. Business leaders are more actively exploring AI benefits than individual contributors. Most respondents do not believe AI will impact workforce size in 2024. However, some inhibitions still exist around AI accuracy and lack of understanding. Creatives primarily want to use AI to save time on mundane tasks and boost productivity.
Organizational culture includes values, norms, systems, symbols, language, assumptions, beliefs, and habits that influence employee behaviors and how people interpret those behaviors. It is important because culture can help or hinder a company's success. Some key aspects of Netflix's culture that help it achieve results include hiring smartly so every position has stars, focusing on attitude over just aptitude, and having a strict policy against peacocks, whiners, and jerks.
PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024Neil Kimberley
PepsiCo provided a safe harbor statement noting that any forward-looking statements are based on currently available information and are subject to risks and uncertainties. It also provided information on non-GAAP measures and directing readers to its website for disclosure and reconciliation. The document then discussed PepsiCo's business overview, including that it is a global beverage and convenient food company with iconic brands, $91 billion in net revenue in 2023, and nearly $14 billion in core operating profit. It operates through a divisional structure with a focus on local consumers.
Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)contently
This document provides an overview of content methodology best practices. It defines content methodology as establishing objectives, KPIs, and a culture of continuous learning and iteration. An effective methodology focuses on connecting with audiences, creating optimal content, and optimizing processes. It also discusses why a methodology is needed due to the competitive landscape, proliferation of channels, and opportunities for improvement. Components of an effective methodology include defining objectives and KPIs, audience analysis, identifying opportunities, and evaluating resources. The document concludes with recommendations around creating a content plan, testing and optimizing content over 90 days.
How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024Albert Qian
The document provides guidance on preparing a job search for 2024. It discusses the state of the job market, focusing on growth in AI and healthcare but also continued layoffs. It recommends figuring out what you want to do by researching interests and skills, then conducting informational interviews. The job search should involve building a personal brand on LinkedIn, actively applying to jobs, tailoring resumes and interviews, maintaining job hunting as a habit, and continuing self-improvement. Once hired, the document advises setting new goals and keeping skills and networking active in case of future opportunities.
A report by thenetworkone and Kurio.
The contributing experts and agencies are (in an alphabetical order): Sylwia Rytel, Social Media Supervisor, 180heartbeats + JUNG v MATT (PL), Sharlene Jenner, Vice President - Director of Engagement Strategy, Abelson Taylor (USA), Alex Casanovas, Digital Director, Atrevia (ES), Dora Beilin, Senior Social Strategist, Barrett Hoffher (USA), Min Seo, Campaign Director, Brand New Agency (KR), Deshé M. Gully, Associate Strategist, Day One Agency (USA), Francesca Trevisan, Strategist, Different (IT), Trevor Crossman, CX and Digital Transformation Director; Olivia Hussey, Strategic Planner; Simi Srinarula, Social Media Manager, The Hallway (AUS), James Hebbert, Managing Director, Hylink (CN / UK), Mundy Álvarez, Planning Director; Pedro Rojas, Social Media Manager; Pancho González, CCO, Inbrax (CH), Oana Oprea, Head of Digital Planning, Jam Session Agency (RO), Amy Bottrill, Social Account Director, Launch (UK), Gaby Arriaga, Founder, Leonardo1452 (MX), Shantesh S Row, Creative Director, Liwa (UAE), Rajesh Mehta, Chief Strategy Officer; Dhruv Gaur, Digital Planning Lead; Leonie Mergulhao, Account Supervisor - Social Media & PR, Medulla (IN), Aurelija Plioplytė, Head of Digital & Social, Not Perfect (LI), Daiana Khaidargaliyeva, Account Manager, Osaka Labs (UK / USA), Stefanie Söhnchen, Vice President Digital, PIABO Communications (DE), Elisabeth Winiartati, Managing Consultant, Head of Global Integrated Communications; Lydia Aprina, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Nita Prabowo, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Okhi, Web Developer, PNTR Group (ID), Kei Obusan, Insights Director; Daffi Ranandi, Insights Manager, Radarr (SG), Gautam Reghunath, Co-founder & CEO, Talented (IN), Donagh Humphreys, Head of Social and Digital Innovation, THINKHOUSE (IRE), Sarah Yim, Strategy Director, Zulu Alpha Kilo (CA).
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Search Engine Journal
The search marketing landscape is evolving rapidly with new technologies, and professionals, like you, rely on innovative paid search strategies to meet changing demands.
It’s important that you’re ready to implement new strategies in 2024.
Check this out and learn the top trends in paid search advertising that are expected to gain traction, so you can drive higher ROI more efficiently in 2024.
You’ll learn:
- The latest trends in AI and automation, and what this means for an evolving paid search ecosystem.
- New developments in privacy and data regulation.
- Emerging ad formats that are expected to make an impact next year.
Watch Sreekant Lanka from iQuanti and Irina Klein from OneMain Financial as they dive into the future of paid search and explore the trends, strategies, and technologies that will shape the search marketing landscape.
If you’re looking to assess your paid search strategy and design an industry-aligned plan for 2024, then this webinar is for you.
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summarySpeakerHub
From their humble beginnings in 1984, TED has grown into the world’s most powerful amplifier for speakers and thought-leaders to share their ideas. They have over 2,400 filmed talks (not including the 30,000+ TEDx videos) freely available online, and have hosted over 17,500 events around the world.
With over one billion views in a year, it’s no wonder that so many speakers are looking to TED for ideas on how to share their message more effectively.
The article “5 Public-Speaking Tips TED Gives Its Speakers”, by Carmine Gallo for Forbes, gives speakers five practical ways to connect with their audience, and effectively share their ideas on stage.
Whether you are gearing up to get on a TED stage yourself, or just want to master the skills that so many of their speakers possess, these tips and quotes from Chris Anderson, the TED Talks Curator, will encourage you to make the most impactful impression on your audience.
See the full article and more summaries like this on SpeakerHub here: https://speakerhub.com/blog/5-presentation-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers
See the original article on Forbes here:
http://www.forbes.com/forbes/welcome/?toURL=http://www.forbes.com/sites/carminegallo/2016/05/06/5-public-speaking-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers/&refURL=&referrer=#5c07a8221d9b
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd Clark Boyd
Everyone is in agreement that ChatGPT (and other generative AI tools) will shape the future of work. Yet there is little consensus on exactly how, when, and to what extent this technology will change our world.
Businesses that extract maximum value from ChatGPT will use it as a collaborative tool for everything from brainstorming to technical maintenance.
For individuals, now is the time to pinpoint the skills the future professional will need to thrive in the AI age.
Check out this presentation to understand what ChatGPT is, how it will shape the future of work, and how you can prepare to take advantage.
The document provides career advice for getting into the tech field, including:
- Doing projects and internships in college to build a portfolio.
- Learning about different roles and technologies through industry research.
- Contributing to open source projects to build experience and network.
- Developing a personal brand through a website and social media presence.
- Networking through events, communities, and finding a mentor.
- Practicing interviews through mock interviews and whiteboarding coding questions.
Google's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search IntentLily Ray
1. Core updates from Google periodically change how its algorithms assess and rank websites and pages. This can impact rankings through shifts in user intent, site quality issues being caught up to, world events influencing queries, and overhauls to search like the E-A-T framework.
2. There are many possible user intents beyond just transactional, navigational and informational. Identifying intent shifts is important during core updates. Sites may need to optimize for new intents through different content types and sections.
3. Responding effectively to core updates requires analyzing "before and after" data to understand changes, identifying new intents or page types, and ensuring content matches appropriate intents across video, images, knowledge graphs and more.
A brief introduction to DataScience with explaining of the concepts, algorithms, machine learning, supervised and unsupervised learning, clustering, statistics, data preprocessing, real-world applications etc.
It's part of a Data Science Corner Campaign where I will be discussing the fundamentals of DataScience, AIML, Statistics etc.
Time Management & Productivity - Best PracticesVit Horky
Here's my presentation on by proven best practices how to manage your work time effectively and how to improve your productivity. It includes practical tips and how to use tools such as Slack, Google Apps, Hubspot, Google Calendar, Gmail and others.
The six step guide to practical project managementMindGenius
The six step guide to practical project management
If you think managing projects is too difficult, think again.
We’ve stripped back project management processes to the
basics – to make it quicker and easier, without sacrificing
the vital ingredients for success.
“If you’re looking for some real-world guidance, then The Six Step Guide to Practical Project Management will help.”
Dr Andrew Makar, Tactical Project Management
2. Geografija i pojmovno kretanje
Odnosi u nastavnom procesu i njihovo određenje prema geografskim elementima
• mehanizme i strukture potrebne za razvoj geografskih pojmova
• interesovanje i motivacija i ponašanje slušalaca
• pozitivni i negativni efekti učenja pojmova
• pojmovi i interakcijska nastave
• snaga, sudjelovanje i predstavljanje slušalaca u nastavi
Geografi su zainteresirani za
• poimanje mjesta mjesta,
• prostora i
• okoliša
Učenje geografije ima zadatak da pojasni :
(i) njihova višestruka obilježja;
(ii) interdisciplinarnim perspektivama; i
(iii) prostornom i vremenskom dimenzijom.
Geografija kao dio života
• očuvanje i upravljanje zemljištem i prostorne
• ljudi i njihovo kretanje
• vrijeme kao faktor promjena
Slušaoci učestvuju u prepoznavanju pojmovnosti koja nastaje i mijenja:
(i) kulture i baštine,
(ii) rase, etnicity i pol, globalizacije,
(iii) mobilnosti i migracija,
(iv) klima i energija, i
(v) tehnološke primjene, uključujući i GIS.
2
3. Priroda – čovjek – prostor
Ljudi žive u razčičitim životnim prostorima. Oni oblikuju i mijenjaju izgled pejzaža i naselja u
skaldu sa svojim kulturnim odlikama.
Kako doživljavamo okolinu u kojoj stanujemo?
Na koji način se susrećemo sa pojavama i promenam, zemljama i ljudima u udaljenim krajevima
svijeta?
Kako se ophodimo prema prirodnim osnovama koje su za naše preživaljvanje neophodne?
Prostorna mnogostrukost i promjene
Različiti pejzaži svjedoče o prostornoj raznovrsnosti naše planete i istovremeno govore o tome
na koji način ljudi oblikuju i mjenjaju svoj prostor.
Djeca i omladina sreću se sa prirodom i njenim pojvanim oblicima. Oni percipiraju
mnogostrukost oblika života na zemlji. Pri tome se razvija spoznaja o tome da su sulvoi za život
na planeti veoma različiti i da su u jako velikoj meri podložni promjenama. To saznanje treba da
dovede do razumijevanja i poštovanja različitih oblika življenja.
Didaktičke napomene kod razvojnosti
Osnovne didaktičke napomene odnose na obaveze nastavnika za:
1. Učešće u planiranju i odlučivanju
2. Socijalno učenje
3. Opažanje – doživljavanje – sticanje iskustva
4. Sposoboanosti i vještine
5. Spoznaje
6. Elementi i karakteristike – splet uzajamnih veza
7. Preinačavanje jednih oblika u druge
8. Iskustva sa metodama učenja
Razvoj tematskih oblasti u starijim razredima
osnovne škole
Razvonojst pojmova se u mlađim razredima se odnosi :
• Život u zajednici
• Istorija – tradicije – običaji
3
4. • Moj životni prostor
• Vrijeme i tragovi vremena
• Proizvodnja i potrošnja
• Prirodne pojave – dodir sa prirodom
Globalni ciljevi na kraju osnovnog obrazovanja
Osnovni globalni ciljevi na kraju osnovnog obrazovanja iz geografije obuhvataju:
• Sposobnosti i vještine
• Zdravlje i dobro raspoloženje
• Pogledi na svijet – predstave o čovjeku
• Ljudi jednog svijeta
• Društvo i njegove promjene
• Država i njen razvoj
• Biti na putu – trgovina i saobraćaj
• Grad – selo : tamo gdje živi mnogo i tamo gdje živi malo ljudi
• Konfiiguracija terena – životni prostori
• Susret sa prirodom
• Energija zemlje i materija
• Oblici života
Srednja škola
Globalni ciljevi na kraju srednjeg obrazovanja:
• Stanovništvo – ljudi na putu
• Konfiguracija terena – životni prostori
• Tipični prostori – zemlje
• Sirovine - energija
• Svijet rada
• Potrošnja
4
5. Drugi dio - kurikulum, geografija i pojmovni proces
Geografija u školskom kurikulumu
Šta geografija ima u kurikulumu, kao svoje osnovno mjesto.
Pojmovno određivanje kurikuluma kao značajke za razvoj geografskih znanja.
Nastava unutar novoformiranih kurikularnih programa
Ishod
geografsk
ogznanja
Standardi kvaliteta geografskih
znanja
Temeljna geografska znanja i
Piramida kurikularnih ishoda
5
6. Piramida kurikularnih ishoda u geografiji ima svoj karakter koji se mora poštovati u ocjenjivanju
sistema razvojnosti.
Geografska kompetentnost – definicija i srodni pojmovi
Kompetencija obuhvata: i) kognitivnu kompetenciju koja uključuje i korišćenje
teorija/koncepta, ali i implicitnog znanja (tacit knowledge), koje se stiče iskustvom;
ii)funkcionalna kompetencija (sposobnosti, know-how), koja je potrebna za vršenje
konkretne delatnosti; iii) personalna kompetencija, koja se odnosi na
ponašanje/postupanje u/sa nekom datom situacijom; iv) etička kompetencija, koja
obuhvata određene lične/društvene vrednosti.
Ono što je posebno bitno za ekonomske fakultete odnos prema poslodavcima, tako da je
prilagodljivost nastavnog procesa zasnovana na odnosu prema zapošljivosti i kvalitetu. Ono što
smo kao osnov imali kod formiranja kompetencija jer prilagodljivost našeg obrazovnog procesa
prema poslodavcima i procesu zapošljavanja. Ulaženje u proces formiranja kompetencija zasnivao
se definisanju rezultata obrazovnog procesa, ali i mogućnosti kritičkog preispitivanja razvoja
znanja i veština naših studenata, prema mišljenjima naših partnera odnosno poslodavaca.
Ubacivanje novih pogleda na bolonjski proces je upravo isticanje individualni razvoj studenata i
njihovog povezivanja sa institucijom i nejnim ciljevima, tu važnu ulogu imaju ključne
kompetencije.
Ključne kompetencije predstavljaju transferzibilni, multifunkcionalni paket znanja, veština i
sposobnosti koje su potrebne pojedincu da bi ostvario lično ispunjenje, razvoj, profesionalnu mobilnost i
zapošljavanje. Ključne kompetencije pojedinac stiče na kraju stručnog obrazovanja i
osposobljavanja i predstavljaju osnovu za njegovo doživotno učenje.
Ovakva definicija posebno naglašava transferzibilnost i adaptivnost ključne kompetencije
u mnogim situacijama i kontekstima. Multifunkcionalnost znači da se postignute ključne
kompetencije mogu koristiti za dostizanje različitih profesionalnih zadataka i predstavljaju
mogućnost za lično ispunjenje u životu, radu i učenju svakog pojedinca.U ovom kontekstu
postizanje ključnih kompetencija omogućava ostvarivanje tri osnovna zadataka bitna za svakog
pojedinca ali i društva u celini:
• lično ispunjenje i profesionalni razvoj (kulturni kapital): ostvarenje profesionalnih
ciljeva i ličnih želja vezanih za kontinuirano učenje;
• aktivno građanstvo (socijalni kapital): stvaranje mogućnosti svakome da kao aktivan
građanin učestvuje u razvoju društva;
• zapošljavanje (ljudski kapital): sposobnost svakog pojedinca da postigne i ostvari posao
na tržištu rada.
Evropski okvir za ključne kompetencije za učenje tokom čitavog života definiše osam ključnih
kompetencija:
• Komunikacija na maternjem jeziku — znači da se izraze i prevede misli, osećanja i
činjenice u usmenoj i pisanoj formi i to u ukupnom društvenom i kulturnom kontekstu,
zatim u obrazovanju i radu i kod kuće ;
6
7. • Komunikacija na stranom jeziku — široko je povezana sa komunikacijom na maternjem
jeziku, s tim da sposobnost treba da varira između četiri dimenzije komunikacije na stranom
jeziku - slušanja, govora, čitanja i pisanja;
• Osnovne kompetencije iz matematike, prirodnih nauka i tehnologije — znače
sposobnost sabiranja, oduzimanja, množenja, deljenja, i to na nivou mentalnog računanja i na
nivou pisanog računanja kako bi se rešili različiti problemi u svakodnevnim situacijama ;
• Digitalna kompetencija — znači sigurno i kritičko korišćenje elektronskih medija u radu,
odmoru i komunikaciji;
• Naučiti kako se uči — znači sklonost i sposobnost da se organizuje i reguliše proces
sopstvenog učenja što znači efektivno korišćenje vremena, sticanje, procesiranje, primena i
evaluacija ključnog znanja — kod kuće, na poslu, u procesu obrazovanja i osposobljavanja;
• Interpersonalne,interekulturalne kompetencije, društvene i građanske kompetencije
— potrebne su za efektivno učešće u građanskom i društvenom životu, uključujući
sposobnost rešavanja konflikata i efikasna saradnja sa drugima u različitim situacijama i
kontekstima;
• Preduzetnički i inovacijski duh — znači spremnost za prihvatanje promena, za podršku i
adaptaciju promena u skladu sa spoljašnjim uslovima, za preuzimanje odgovornosti za
vlastite akcije, razvijanje strateških vizija, postavljanje i ostvarivanje zadataka ;
• Kulturna svest i izražavanje — znači razumevanje važnosti kreativnog izražavanja ideja,
iskustava i emocija kroz različite oblike medija, zatim uključujući muziku, ples, književnost i
likovnu umetnost.1
Koncept ključnih kompetencija direktno otvara pitanje tradicionalnog razumevanja, šta
treba da se uči na fakultetu i kako treba da se realizuje nastava. Tradicionalno, škole, fakulteti i
druge obrazovne institucije su obrazovale pojedince za poslove u preduzećima i kompanijama,
gde su oni imali relativno stabilne poslove. Danas, obrazovanje treba da pripremi pojedince ne
samo da bi uspešno vodili svoje firme već i da postanu inovativni i "preduzimljivi" unutar
kompanija u kojima su zaposleni. Poslodavci traže pojedince koji su sposobni da komuniciraju sa
kompanijama u različitim delovima sveta što znači da im je potrebna komunikacija na stranim
jezicima, zatim pojedince koji će moći da koriste kompjutersku tehniku, i znaju da rešavaju
probleme. Zato su ključne kompetencije ono što pojedinac stiče na kraju obrazovanja i ono sto
on prepoznaje kao osnovni element. Međutim, sistem ključnih kompetencija u evropi ne daje
određene odgovore kada je u pitanju kurikularni okvir i njegova transformacija prema spoljnim
zahtevima. Tu se sada nameće kao jedan od ključnih okvira i pitanje novih mernih instrumenata
koji su vezani za kurikulum. A to su pre svega diplomske vrednosti i mapiranje kurikuluma.
Sam pojam kompetentnosti moramo povezati sa osnovnim shvatanjima o geografskoj
pismenosti, kao osnovnom pokazatelju koliko jedna osoba razumije geografsku sredinu. Zato
možemo geografsku pismenost kao izraz koji označava usvojenost funkcionalno upotrebljivih
geografskih znanja, ali i vještina i sposobnosti koje poedincu omogućavaju da fleksibilno shvati
vezu prirode – čovjeka – društva.
Kod geografske pismenosti geografska znanja su osnov za razumijevanje prostornih odnosa,
međutim, određene vještine imaju važnu ulogu koje objašnjavaju funckionalnu upotrebljivost
1
A Pirrie: Key competences for lifelong learning: A European Union reference framework, paper presented at the ETF
workshop on 30 March 2006
7
8. geografskih znanja. To su vještine čitanja karata, uočavanja, opisivanja, komunikacije, terenskog
rada, GIS-a, itd. Zato se već sada može u ovoj oblasti govoriti o geografskoj kompetentnosti koja
se razvija kroz obrazovni sistem.
„U Websterovom riječniku kompetentnost (competence – pl. Comptences) definiše se kao
kvalitet ili stanje funckionalne adekvatnosti, posedovanje dovoljno znanja, sposobnost procene i
veština procene i veština za odgovarajuće polje delovanja. Može se još odrediti i kao lična
sposobnost ili potencijal. Isti izvor ne pravi razliku između značenja termina kompetentnost i
kompetencija/kompetencije (competency – pl.competencies)“2.
Kompetentnost u savremenom društvu sve više se shvata u najširem smislu kao određena
sposobnost i odnosi se na procjenu ličnosti pojedinca. „Nasuprot tome, kompetencija ili
kompetencije jeste uži, atomistički koncept koji se koristi da označi specifične veštine
/sposobnosti i kratke vremenske intervale da se ostvare, i odnosi se na različite aktivnosti“3.
Zato kada poimamo obrazovnu kompetentnost onda mislimo da je to karakteristika pojedinca
koja obuhvata sistem znanja, sposobnosti, vještina i motivacionih odrednica i dispozicija, koji
obezbjeđuje da učenik uspješno savlađuje programske sadržaje nastavnih predmeta, a što sve
omogućava njegovo dalje obrazovanje.
Pitanje šta su to geografske kompetencije?
Razvoj geografske kompetentnosti u velikoj mjeri kao opšte kategorije koja ima svoje faze u
razvoju geografske kompetentnosti:
• Prva faza – faza dječije igre , spontanog razvoja kod prvih pojmova o geografskim
procesima i pojavama
• Druga faza – faza formiranja prvih pojmova o svom okruženju i svakodnevnom životu u
njemu (od II do IV razreda)
• Treća faza – faza formiranja općih geografskih znanja i usvajanje prostornih raznolikosti
na velikim prostorima
• Četvrta faza – omogućavanje razumijevanja naučnih pojmova i teorija i primjene
geografskih vještina u svakodnevnom životu
• Peta faza – razvoj cjeloživtonog geografskog obrazovanja kroz sisteme neformalno i
informalnog obrazovanja.
Nesporno je da kroz sistem osnovnog i srednejg obrazovanja učenici integrišu brojna znanja i
vještine, dolazi do intenzivnog razvoja geografskih kompetencija. Budući da je period školovanaj
relativno dug period, to su školski ujecaji ključni u razvoju geografskih kompetencija kod
pojedinaca. Pored njih veoma veliki utjecaj imaju i mediji, nove tehnologije, različite neformalne
škole i društvene organizacije. Naročito veliki utjecaj imaju putovanja koja predastavljau segment
koji podstiče jačanje geografskih znanja, ali i u najvećoj mjeri i vještina.
Pojam kompetentnosti se u geografskim sredinama često pogrešno shvata i više se vezuje za
obuku i stručno usavršavanje, nego sa razumijevanjem. Međutim, većina autora da se krajem XX
vijeka povećala potreba za istraživanjem i tumačenjem pojmova kompetencije i kompetentnost,
kako bi se stanovništvu na jedan sistematičan način dale mogućnosti za lični razvoj.
2
D. Bjekić, M. Bjekić, S Dragičević, M. Bjekić: Razvijanje tehničke kompetentnosti, str. 51
3
Ibid, str. 52
8
9. Razvoj komptenecija počiva na ukupnom društvenom odnosu prema najmlađim kategorijama
stanovništva. Geografski pojmovi se javljaju još u djetinjstvu kao vodič za razumijevanje svog
okruženja:
• Razvojna dostignuća djeteta – veza sa interesovanjem
• Razvoj dječijeg mišljenja o prostoru
• Prvi nivo učenja – dominira vizuelni i akcioni, djeca najbolje uče kroz upoznavanje
prostora.
Prva faza (predškolski uzrast do 4 razreda osnovne škole) – informisanje o prostoru i
spontani razvoj
• Opažanje geografskih pojava
• Sadržaj geografskog obrazovanja
• Posebni primjeri ishoda učenja
Druga faza (od petog do 7 razreda) – formiranje prvih pojmova
• Razvijena saznajna interesovanja:
o Razvoj voljne pažnje
o Potrebne konkretne operacije,
o Škola podstiče
• Drugi nivo učenja,
o deskripcija, opisivanje opisnih elemenata
o
• Aktivnosti učenika
• Oblici učenja
• Sadržaji
Treća faza (od 8 do 1 razreda srednje škole) – formiranje sistema naučnih pojmova o
geografskim objektima i pojavama
• Razvojna dostignuća i razvojni zadaci:
o intelektualni razvoj dostiže nivo formalnih operacija,
o unapređuju se formirani sistemi pojmova;
o dominira verbalno mišljenje.
• Razvojni zadatak: donošenje prvih profesionalnih odluka o daljem školovanju i
postizranje novog pristupa okolini
• Treći nivo učenja – teorijski nivo sa logičkim osnovama
• Treći nivo poučavanja:
• Aktivnosti učenika. Učenici postaju svjesni geografskog prostora i uticaja čovjeka
• Oblici učenja:
• Geografski sadržaji:
Četvrta faza – razvoj i prihvatanje naučnih (geografskih ) pojmova i teorija
9
10. • Razvojna dostignuća i razvojni zadaci:
o razumijevanje teorijskih sistema u geografiji,
o samostalno uočavanje problema i
o oblici njihovog riješavanja;
o praćenje geografskih fenomena preko Interneta.
• Četvrti nivo učenja: formalno logičko deduktivni
• Aktivnosti učenika
• Oblici učenja
• Osnovni nivo podučavanja
• Sadržaji
Peta faza – neformalno i informalno geografsko obrazovanje
Odvija se u oblastima izvan obrazovanja i podstiče na stalno praćenje znanja iz oblasti geografije
koja su stečena u formalnom sistemu.
Treći dio – Problemi praćenja i ocjenjivanja kvaliteta
geografskih znanja
Posljedice neriješavanja problema praćenja i ocjenjivanja kvaliteta znanja učenika u nastavi
geografije mogu da budu ozbiljne po razvoj učenika.
Bez sistema praćenja i ocjenjivanja kvaliteta znanja, nema mogućnosti strukturiranja čitavog
sistema učenja u nastavi geografije. Tako da i najosmišljeniji sistem rada sa učenicima, ako ne bi
razvijao komponentu kvaliteta, ne bi mogao da ima razvojni segment u geografskom predmetu.
10
11. Ocjenjivanje Praćenje
Razvojnost
Uzajamni odnosi u nastavi
Autonomija geografske nastave ne smije zanemariti značaj drugih segmenata razvojnosti koji se
upravo ogledaju u kvalitetu znanja. Nastavnici koji ne prate druge segmente nastavnog procesa u
opsanosti su da padnu u neprofesionalnost, samovolju i neefikasnost. Što bitnoupsorava
razvojnost učeničkih znanja.
Ciljevi nastavnog predmeta i prećenje i ocjenjivanje geografskih znanja:
• uvođenje standarda na različitim nivoima, koji mogu biti internog i eksternog karaktera
• uvođenje kulture evaluacije i samoevaluacije kvaliteta ocjenjivanja i praćenja od strane
nastavnika
• jačanje funkcije aktiva i okruženja na razvoj učenika iz oblasti geografije.
Osnovni uslov za uvođenje evaluacije na kvalitet i razvoj geografskih znanja mora se zasnivati na
obrazovnim standardima i generalnim ciljevima koji se nalaze u kurikulumu. Povezivanje ciljeva iz
11
12. geografije sa generalnim ciljevima u kurikulumu, moraju se ogledati i kroz sistem praćenja i
ocjenjivanja učenika. U tom smislu praćenje i ocjenjivanje mora biti pravedno i jasno prikazano u
široj javnosti, jer to donosi kvalitet rada i samim tim postiže se uspjeh kod učenika.
Jedan od osnovnih preduslova kod praćenja geografskih znanja i njihovog usvajanja kod učenika
je evaluacija rada. Evaluacija u geografiji mora da se poveže sa generlnim ciljevima i razvojnosti
geografskih pojmova, inače proizvostei potpuno drugačiji segment. Zato se u ovom procesu
mora poći od jasnih ciljeva
• Zašto se evaluira? To je podela prema ciljevima i motivima evaluacije. Cilj evaluacije može
biti saznajne prirode: da sagledamo postojeće stanje, kvlaitet procesa, kvalitet ishoda. Cilj
može biti praktične prirode: da održavamo kontrolu, da omogućimo ciljane intervenicije
(korekcije, inovacije, reformske transformacije i sl.).
• Šta se evaluira? To je podela prema predmetu (sadržaju ili objektu) evaluacije. Evaluacija
može biti fokusirana na „ulazne veličine“: na primer, evaluiranje plana). Tipično je da se
evaluacija veuje za „izlazne veličine“: na primer, evaluiranje ishoda obrazovanja u
određenim periodima ili na kraju određenog obrazovnog ciklusa. Evaluacija se može
usredsrediti na „dinamiku procesiranja“, na tok obrazovnog procesa: na primer,
evaluiranje načina u okviru nastanog procesa, vannastavnih aktivnosti, upravljanja školom
– uloge direktora i upravnog odbora i slično.
• Ko se evaluira? Evaluacija se može usredsrediti na pojedine kategorije aktera u obrazovanju.
Učenici i nastavnici su najčešće predmet evaluacije – bilo njihove aktivnosti ili njihova
postignuća, pa i širi dijapazon njihovih personalnih obeležja. I drugi akteri mogu biti
objekt evaluacije.
• Ko evaluira? To je podela prema vršiocima evaluacije. (1) Evaluaciju može da vrši sam
akter čija je aktivnost i čiji rezultati su predmet evaluacije. To je samoevaluacija ili interna
evaluacija koja se odvija u školi, odelenju, u okviru jednog predmeta, koju obavljaju
nastavnici, učenici, stručni saradnici, direktor i sl. (2) Evaluaciju može da vrši posebna
služba Ministarstva koja je nadležna za inspekciju rada škola. U odnosu na sistem to je
takođe unutrašnja evaluacija kojom se preko inspekcije individualnih škola prati
funkcionisanje cele školske mreže. (3) Evaluaciju može da vrši institucija koja je raletivno
nezavisna od upravnih struktura unutar sistema obrazovanja, npr. nacionalni centar za
obrazovne standarde i evaluaciju, to je spoljašnja ili eksterna evaluacija. Kod nas su
najveće pojedinačne spoljašnje evaluacije bile ad hoc evaluacije koje su realizovali
namenski formirani timovi eksperata ili konzorcijumi institucija.
• Kome je evaluacija namenjena? Evaluacija mora biti korisna, a da bi bila, mora se unapred
znati kome treba da bude korisna, ko su korisnici njenih nalaza. Neki od mogućih
korisniak su: Vlada, prosvetni savet, Ministarstvo prosvete i sporta, pojeidni resori u
Minisatrstvu, posebne institucije u sistemu (koje se bave npr. izradom
obrazovnih/nastavnih planova i programa, izdavanjem udžbenika i ostale literature,
školskom arhitekturom i opremanjem školskih prostora i sl.), zejdnica itd. Korisnici mogu
biti stručna javnost i široka publika. Tipično je da svaka evaluacija može imati nekoliko
primarnih korisnika4.
Jasno da je za geografiju veoma važan svaki segement evaluacije, nao sigurno da pozicija
geografije kao nastavnog predmeta u velikoj mjeri zavisi od funkcionisanja sistema u kom
gegrafska znanja se primjenjuju. Zato je bitno da svi nastavnici poznaju segmente domena
evaluacija u obrazovanju:
4
Kvalitetno obrazovanje za sve – put ka razvijenom društvu, str. 161 -162
12
13. Evaluacija
Eksterni ispiti
Školska Nadzornička (mature, Evaluativna
samoevalucija služba internacionalni istraživanja
ispiti
Organizacija evaluativni aktivnosti
Piramida razvojnosti pojmova
13