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‫عمومی‬ ‫آموزش‬
‫کار‬ ‫بهداشت‬ ‫و‬ ‫ایمنی‬
۱۳۹۷ ‫پیمانکار‬ ‫کارگران‬ ‫ویژه‬
‫الکتریکی‬‫خطرات‬
‫مسیر‬‫جریان‬:
‫میزان‬‫آسیب‬‫به‬
‫مسیر‬‫عبور‬‫جریان‬
‫برق‬‫از‬‫بدن‬‫بست‬‫گی‬
‫دارد‬.
‫پیامدهای‬‫متناوب‬ ‫برق‬ ‫تقریبی‬
۱‫آمپر‬ ‫میلی‬‫میشود‬ ‫حس‬ ‫سختی‬ ‫به‬
۱۶‫آمپر‬ ‫میلی‬
‫قابل‬ ‫جریان‬ ‫حداکثر‬
‫رهاسازی‬
۲۰-۳۰‫آمپر‬ ‫میلی‬‫مشکالت‬‫تنفسی‬
۱۰۰‫آمپر‬ ‫میلی‬‫شکمی‬ ‫گرفتگی‬
۲‫آمپر‬‫قلبی‬ ‫ایست‬
۲۵–۳۵-۶۰‫آمپر‬
‫در‬ ‫معمول‬ ‫های‬ ‫فیوز‬
‫ایران‬
‫الکتریکی‬ ‫خطرات‬
‫کلید‬
‫جان‬ ‫از‬ ‫حفاظت‬
(RCD)
‫الکتریکی‬ ‫خطرات‬
•‫است‬ ‫حفاظت‬ ‫برای‬ ‫قدم‬ ‫اولین‬ ‫بازرسی‬
•‫ماه‬ ‫سه‬ ‫هر‬ ‫در‬ ‫بازرسی‬ ‫تکرار‬
•‫تاییدیه‬ ‫رنگی‬ ‫برچسب‬
Winter Spring Summer Fall
‫برقی‬ ‫تجهیزات‬ ‫بازرسی‬
‫الکتریکی‬ ‫خطرات‬
‫نول‬ ‫و‬ ‫فاز‬ ‫جابجایی‬
Hot
Neutral
Switch
‫کردن‬ ‫قطع‬ ‫صورت‬ ‫در‬ ،‫باشد‬ ‫اشتباه‬ ‫نول‬ ‫و‬ ‫فاز‬ ‫جای‬ ‫اگر‬
‫است‬ ‫برقدار‬ ‫هنوز‬ ‫تجهیز‬ ‫هم‬ ‫کلید‬.
‫الکتریکی‬ ‫خطرات‬
•‫آسیب‬‫کابل‬ ‫عایق‬ ‫دیدگی‬
•‫کابل‬ ‫دیدن‬ ‫آسیب‬ ‫و‬ ‫مکرر‬ ‫شدن‬ ‫خم‬
‫الکتریکی‬ ‫خطرات‬
•‫ب‬ ‫بسته‬ ‫محفظه‬ ‫در‬ ‫بایستی‬ ‫این‬ ‫مانند‬ ‫هایی‬ ‫کشی‬ ‫سیم‬‫اشند‬.
‫الکتریکی‬ ‫خطرات‬
•‫احتمال‬‫برق‬‫گرفتگی‬‫در‬‫تماس‬‫با‬‫سیم‬‫های‬‫آسیب‬‫د‬‫یده‬
•‫بایس‬ ‫برق‬ ‫های‬ ‫جعبه‬‫تی‬
‫سخت‬ ‫درپوش‬ ‫یک‬ ‫با‬
‫شون‬ ‫پوشانده‬ ‫کامال‬‫د‬.
•‫است‬ ‫ممکن‬ ‫کارکنان‬
‫قسمت‬ ‫با‬ ‫ناخواسته‬
‫تابلو‬ ‫این‬ ‫برقدار‬ ‫های‬
‫کنند‬ ‫برخورد‬
‫الکتریکی‬ ‫خطرات‬
‫برقی‬ ‫اتصاالت‬ ‫جعبه‬
‫الکتریک‬ ‫قوس‬ ‫از‬ ‫پیشگیری‬‫ی‬
‫الکتریکی‬ ‫خطرات‬
‫حادثه‬
‫قوس‬
‫الکتریک‬‫ی‬
‫الکتریکی‬ ‫خطرات‬
‫انفجار‬ ‫موج‬ > 2000 lb/psf
‫مس‬ ‫بخارات‬
‫به‬ ‫تبدیل‬ ‫حین‬ ‫جامد‬
‫تا‬ ‫بخار‬۶۷.۰۰۰‫برابر‬
‫میدهد‬ ‫حجم‬ ‫افزایش‬
‫مذاب‬ ‫فلزات‬ > ۱.۰۰۰ °c
‫شدید‬ ‫نور‬
‫گرم‬ ‫هوای‬ >500 °c
۲.۰۰۰ °c
‫برنده‬ ‫ذرات‬ > 1150 Kmh
‫صوتی‬ ‫امواج‬ > ۱۴۰db
‫الکتریکی‬ ‫خطرات‬
•‫کنی‬ ‫نصب‬ ‫هشدار‬ ‫عالمت‬ ‫و‬ ‫کنید‬ ‫قطع‬ ‫آنرا‬ ‫برق‬ ‫اول‬‫د‬
•‫کنید‬ ‫مهیا‬ ‫را‬ ‫کار‬ ‫ایمن‬ ‫شرایط‬.
‫نکن‬ ‫کار‬ ‫دار‬ ‫برق‬ ‫تجهیز‬ ‫روی‬‫ید‬
‫چیست‬ ‫برقدار‬ ‫تجهیزات‬ ‫روی‬ ‫کار‬ ‫روش‬ ‫بهترین‬‫؟‬
‫الکتریکی‬ ‫خطرات‬
‫هوایی‬ ‫برقدار‬ ‫خطوط‬
‫الکتریکی‬ ‫خطرات‬
‫الکتریکی‬ ‫خطرات‬
‫الکتریکی‬ ‫خطرات‬
‫هوایی‬ ‫خطوط‬ ‫مورد‬ ‫در‬ ‫حقایقی‬
•‫ندارند‬ ‫عایق‬ ‫غالبا‬ ‫هوایی‬ ‫خطوط‬.‫وجود‬ ‫پوششی‬ ‫هم‬ ‫اگر‬
‫نیستند‬ ‫عایق‬ ‫و‬ ‫است‬ ‫هوایی‬ ‫و‬ ‫آب‬ ‫شرایط‬ ‫برای‬ ‫دارد‬.
•‫حدود‬۹۰‫است‬ ‫توزیع‬ ‫هوایی‬ ‫خطوط‬ ‫با‬ ‫برخوردها‬ ‫درصد‬.
•‫است‬ ‫ایمن‬ ‫غالبا‬ ‫بماند‬ ‫ماشین‬ ‫در‬ ‫راننده‬ ‫اگر‬.
•‫زمین‬ ‫روی‬ ‫نفرات‬۸‫خطرند‬ ‫معرض‬ ‫در‬ ‫بیشتر‬ ‫برابر‬.
‫الکتریکی‬ ‫خطرات‬
‫بدن‬ ‫به‬ ‫برق‬ ‫های‬ ‫آسیب‬
•‫کند‬ ‫می‬ ‫عبور‬ ‫بدن‬ ‫از‬ ‫برق‬
•‫میسوزاند‬ ‫آنرا‬ ‫بدن‬ ‫کردن‬ ‫گرم‬ ‫عبوربا‬ ‫حین‬.
•‫شود‬ ‫می‬ ‫شدن‬ ‫سوراخ‬ ‫موجب‬ ‫خروج‬ ‫موقع‬.
‫الکتریکی‬ ‫خطرات‬
‫خطوط‬ ‫از‬ ‫ایمن‬ ‫فاصله‬ ‫حفظ‬
‫الکتریکی‬ ‫خطرات‬
‫الکتریکی‬ ‫خطرات‬
‫زمین‬ ‫شدن‬ ‫برقدار‬
‫الکتریکی‬ ‫خطرات‬
•‫بمانید‬ ‫ماشین‬ ‫در‬
•‫بمانند‬ ‫دور‬ ‫که‬ ‫دهید‬ ‫اخطار‬ ‫دیگران‬ ‫به‬
•‫بگیرید‬ ‫تماس‬ ‫برق‬ ‫شرکت‬ ‫با‬
•‫شوید‬ ‫خارج‬ ‫برق‬ ‫شدن‬ ‫قطع‬ ‫از‬ ‫بعد‬
‫اگر‬‫زمین‬‫شد‬ ‫برقدار‬
‫الکتریکی‬ ‫خطرات‬
•‫بیر‬ ‫پا‬ ‫جفت‬ ،‫شوید‬ ‫خارج‬ ‫ماشین‬ ‫از‬ ‫شدید‬ ‫مجبور‬ ‫اگر‬‫ون‬
‫بپرید‬
•‫باشید‬ ‫نداشته‬ ‫تماس‬ ‫ماشین‬ ‫با‬ ‫شدن‬ ‫خارج‬ ‫حین‬
•‫شوید‬ ‫دور‬ ‫محل‬ ‫از‬ ‫کنان‬ ‫لی‬ ‫لی‬
‫ماشین‬ ‫از‬ ‫خروج‬ ‫روش‬
‫الکتریکی‬ ‫خطرات‬
‫باشیم‬ ‫حادثه‬ ‫بدون‬ ‫چگونه‬:
•‫ریزی‬ ‫برنامه‬
•‫آموزش‬
•‫بازرسی‬
•‫مراقبت‬
•‫حوادث‬ ‫از‬ ‫عبرت‬
•‫بازبینی‬
‫الکتریکی‬ ‫خطرات‬

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General electrical safety