This document discusses gender issues and stereotypes. It defines sex as biological and gender as a social construct. It then explores common gender stereotypes for females and males. Female stereotypes included being domestic housewives, while male stereotypes viewed them as providers. However, it notes that both genders have evolved beyond these stereotypes in modern times. The document also examines topics like gender inequality, violence against women, and ways to promote gender equality such as sharing household responsibilities and rejecting prejudiced attitudes.

1. GENDER
ISSUES
By Ika Fathin Resti M., S.Pd., M.Hum.

2. Sex and Gender
Sex is a biological category.
Gender is a social category.

3. Gender Stereotypes
• Gender:
Attitudes, feelings, and behaviors that a given
culture associates with a person’s biological sex
• Stereotypes:
Oversimplified ideas of a particular type of person
(or idea, or place) that many people believe are
true.

4. What is Gender Stereotype?
Gender stereotype is beliefs about the personal
attributes of females and males.
Personal attributes basically means traits that
make up your personality, which define who you
are as a person.
For example these could be personal attributes
to describe someone: outgoing, extrovert, open, etc
They are important because they are what
makes you who you are, what other people find
in you that they may like or dislike.

5. Gender Stereotypes

6. Types of Gender Stereotypes
Female stereotype
- The stereotype begin since a baby
- If baby was girl their tendency are more to girlish thing like
wear pink clothes, toys like a Barbie doll.
- Parents are the most contributive factor for this
stereotyping.
- Some example of stereotype about woman:
a) Women are not as strong as men
b) Women are supposed to have "clean jobs" such as
secretaries, teachers, and librarians
c) Women are nurses, not doctors
- Woman are saying more gentle and kind heart person.

7. Female stereotypes
Women were commonly stereotyped as domestic
housewives. Females were often related with
househild chores and gossips.
Women have grown from stereotypes little by little.
They have been breaking down the walls and showing
everyone, including themselves, that they can do
anything. That women do not need a mans’s help.

8. Types of Gender Stereotypes
Male stereotype
- . From the beginning, since they were small boys are taught to
be tough, to be protective, and to defend themselves.
- Their outfits usually in blue colour which simbolic to a men
- Their toys were like trucks, car, robot, a tough game.
- Mostly boys were aggressive in their playing than girls.
- Some example of stereotype:
a) Men do not do housework and they are not responsible
for taking care of children
b) Men do "dirty jobs" such as construction and mechanics;
they are not secretaries, teachers, or cosmetologists
c) Men do not cook, sew, or do crafts

9. Male Stereotypes
Men were always seen as the strong
one compared to women. They were
seen as the “providers” and the
leaders.
Men were always the ones to work
and provide shelter and foods.

10. Both women and men are stereotyped.
Women are known as “housewives”, while men
are known as “providers”.
Through the years, they have broken down these
stereotypes into what is common today.

11. Men over the years
Men have evolved from the stereotypes of being just the provider.
They are not only seen as the provider, but the head of the
household too.

12. Much more men today stay at home and happy letting
their wives be the “breadwinners”.
Men are also known as the caretakers to children and
they occasionally work from home (househusband).

13.  Gender inequality refers to unequal treatment
or perceptions of individuals based on their gender.
It arises from differences in socially constructed
gender roles.
 Gender equality, also known as sex equality,
sexual equality, or equality of the genders, is the
view that everyone should receive equal treatment and
not be discriminated against based on their gender.
 Gender equity means fairness and justice in the
distribution of benefits and responsibilities between
women and men.
Gender Issues

14.  Gender Violence
Violence - behavior involving
physical force intended to hurt,
damage, or kill someone or
something.
“Any act of gender-based violence
that results in or is likely to result in
physical, sexual, or psychological
harm or suffering to women, including
threats of such acts, coercion or
arbitrary deprivation of liberty,
whether occurring in public or private
life."
Gender Issues

15. • Violence against women and girls is one of the most
widespread violations of human rights.
• Every year, about 5,000 women are murdered by
family members in the name of honor year worldwide
• Worldwide 2 million girls of age 5- 15 years are
introduced into commercial sex market
• Worldwide, one out of 5 pregnant women are abuse.
Violence against Women

16. • Share household chores and childcare equally
• Watch for signs of domestic violence
• Support mothers and parents
• Reject chauvinist and racist attitudes
• Help women gain power
• Listen and reflect
• Hire diversity
• Pay (and demand) the same salary for equal work
• Sexual harassment and racism: Zero tolerance
Ways to Promote Gender Equality

18. • https://believe.earth/en/10-ways-to-promote-gender-equality-
in-daily-life/
• https://www2.slideshare.net/qaseh_iman93/gender-stereotype
• https://www2.slideshare.net/jenishaadhikari/gender-issue-
126372647
References

19. THANK YOU