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GAIXOTASUN
ENDOKRINOAK,
NUTRIZIONALAK ETA
METABOLIKOAK
MADDI ETA NEREA
GAIXOTASUN ENDOKRINOAK,
NUTRIZIONALAK ETA METABOLIKOAK
METABOLISMOA
● Organismo bizidunetan
● Erreakzio kimikoen multzoa
● Anabolismoa
● Katabolismoa
ENTZIMA
● Erreakzio kimikoen habiadura handitu
HORMONA
● Guruin edo zelula espezializatuak ekoizten du
● Mezulari kimikoa
● Zelulen, ehunen, organoen eta aparatuen funtzioa
erregulatu.
GURUINA
● Behar-beharrezko substantziak sintetizatu (entzimak,
hormonak)
● Organo bat da
● Entzimak edo hormonak aldatu gaixotasunak sortu
Diabetes mellitusa Obesitatea
DIABETES MELLITUSA : gaixotasun kronikoa, intsulinarik ez edo gutxi.
INTSULINA
● Odoleko glukosa-kontzentrazioa
kontrolatzen duen hormona.
● Funtzioa zelulek glokosa xurgatzea,
glukosa kontzentrazioa ez handitzeko
HIPERGLUZEMIA
● Glukosa odolean pilatzen denean, intsulina
kantitatea nahikoa ez delako.
● Tratamendua:
- Dieta orekatua, ariketa fisikoa egin,
sendagaiak erabili… eta intsulina hartu.
- Ondorio txarrak, hala nola, zirkulazio-
arazoak, nerbio-sistemako arazoak...
OBESITATEA
● GANTZ gehiegi edukitzea
● Ondorio larriak sortzen ditu: - Diabetes mellitusa
- Garuneko edo miokardioko infartua
● Pisua galtzeko ezin da dieta miragarririk egin baizik eta kirol asko egin eta kaloria
gutxiko elikagaiak jan.
PISU EGOKIA DAUKAZU?
G.M.I ( GORPUTZ MASAREN INDIZEA) kalkulatu
G.M.I.= [Pisua (kg)]/ [Neurria (m)]2
Emaitzak:
G.M.I <18= pisu txikia
18<G.M.I<25= pisu egokia
25<G.M.I<30= gehiegizko pisua
G.M.I>30= obesitatea
GAIXOTASUN
KARDIOBASKULARRAK
MADDI ETA NEREA
GAIXOTASUN KARDIOBASKULARRAK
Bihotzeko zein odol-hodietako gaixotasunak
Ohikoenak: - MIOKARDIOKO INFARTUA
- GARUNEKO HODIETAKO ISTRIPUA
MIOKARDIOKO ISTRIPUA
GIHAR KARDIAKOaren zatiren bati odolik iristen ez zaionean gertatzen da
GARUNEKO HODIETAKO ISTRIPUA
Garunaren zati batean ODOL- ISURIA ETETEA, odolbildu batek garuneko arteria bat
buxatzen duenean.
GAIXOTASUN KARDIOBASKULARREN
ARRISKU-FAKTOREAK1. ALDAEZINAK:
- Adin asko
- Gizonezkoa izatea
- Familian aurrekariak egotea
2. ALDAGARRIAK:
- Tabako kontsumoa
- Arteria- hipertentsioa
- Diabetesa
- Kolesterola
- Obesitatea….

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Gaixotasunak

  • 2. GAIXOTASUN ENDOKRINOAK, NUTRIZIONALAK ETA METABOLIKOAK METABOLISMOA ● Organismo bizidunetan ● Erreakzio kimikoen multzoa ● Anabolismoa ● Katabolismoa ENTZIMA ● Erreakzio kimikoen habiadura handitu HORMONA ● Guruin edo zelula espezializatuak ekoizten du ● Mezulari kimikoa ● Zelulen, ehunen, organoen eta aparatuen funtzioa erregulatu. GURUINA ● Behar-beharrezko substantziak sintetizatu (entzimak, hormonak) ● Organo bat da ● Entzimak edo hormonak aldatu gaixotasunak sortu Diabetes mellitusa Obesitatea
  • 3. DIABETES MELLITUSA : gaixotasun kronikoa, intsulinarik ez edo gutxi. INTSULINA ● Odoleko glukosa-kontzentrazioa kontrolatzen duen hormona. ● Funtzioa zelulek glokosa xurgatzea, glukosa kontzentrazioa ez handitzeko HIPERGLUZEMIA ● Glukosa odolean pilatzen denean, intsulina kantitatea nahikoa ez delako. ● Tratamendua: - Dieta orekatua, ariketa fisikoa egin, sendagaiak erabili… eta intsulina hartu. - Ondorio txarrak, hala nola, zirkulazio- arazoak, nerbio-sistemako arazoak...
  • 4. OBESITATEA ● GANTZ gehiegi edukitzea ● Ondorio larriak sortzen ditu: - Diabetes mellitusa - Garuneko edo miokardioko infartua ● Pisua galtzeko ezin da dieta miragarririk egin baizik eta kirol asko egin eta kaloria gutxiko elikagaiak jan.
  • 5. PISU EGOKIA DAUKAZU? G.M.I ( GORPUTZ MASAREN INDIZEA) kalkulatu G.M.I.= [Pisua (kg)]/ [Neurria (m)]2 Emaitzak: G.M.I <18= pisu txikia 18<G.M.I<25= pisu egokia 25<G.M.I<30= gehiegizko pisua G.M.I>30= obesitatea
  • 7. GAIXOTASUN KARDIOBASKULARRAK Bihotzeko zein odol-hodietako gaixotasunak Ohikoenak: - MIOKARDIOKO INFARTUA - GARUNEKO HODIETAKO ISTRIPUA
  • 8. MIOKARDIOKO ISTRIPUA GIHAR KARDIAKOaren zatiren bati odolik iristen ez zaionean gertatzen da
  • 9. GARUNEKO HODIETAKO ISTRIPUA Garunaren zati batean ODOL- ISURIA ETETEA, odolbildu batek garuneko arteria bat buxatzen duenean.
  • 10. GAIXOTASUN KARDIOBASKULARREN ARRISKU-FAKTOREAK1. ALDAEZINAK: - Adin asko - Gizonezkoa izatea - Familian aurrekariak egotea 2. ALDAGARRIAK: - Tabako kontsumoa - Arteria- hipertentsioa - Diabetesa - Kolesterola - Obesitatea….