DEMAND
-Ito ay tumutukoy sa dami ng produkto at serbisyo na kaya at handing bilhin ng mga konsyumer sa alternatibong presyo sa isang takdang panahon.
BATAS NG DEMAND
-Ang konsepto ng batas demand ay mayroong inverse o magkasalungat na ugnayan ang presyo sa quantity demanded ng isang produkto. Kapag tumaas ang presyo Mababa ang demand quantity. At kung Mababa ang presyo tataas ang quantity demand o tinatawag na ceteris paribus.
AND DALAWANG KONSEPTO BAKIT MAGKASALUNGAT ANG PRESYO AT DEMAND
CETERIS PARIBUS
-Ito ay nangangahulugang ipinagpaplagay na ang presyo lamang ang salik na nakakaapekto sa pagbabago ng quantity demanded, habang ibang salik ay hindi nagbabago o nakakapekto.
SUBSTITUTION EFFECT
- – sa konseptong ito, ang mamimili ay naghahanap ng kapalit na mas mura kapag ang presyo ng isang produkto ay tumaas ang presyo. Halimbawa, imbes na bumili ng softdrinks sa isang tindahan ay bibili na lamang ng tubig na di hamak na mas mababa ang presyo kaysa sa softdrinks.
Income effect
-– ipinahahayag rito na mas mataas ang halaga ng kinikita kapag mas mababa ang presyo ng isang produkto.
DEMAND
-Ito ay tumutukoy sa dami ng produkto at serbisyo na kaya at handing bilhin ng mga konsyumer sa alternatibong presyo sa isang takdang panahon.
BATAS NG DEMAND
-Ang konsepto ng batas demand ay mayroong inverse o magkasalungat na ugnayan ang presyo sa quantity demanded ng isang produkto. Kapag tumaas ang presyo Mababa ang demand quantity. At kung Mababa ang presyo tataas ang quantity demand o tinatawag na ceteris paribus.
AND DALAWANG KONSEPTO BAKIT MAGKASALUNGAT ANG PRESYO AT DEMAND
CETERIS PARIBUS
-Ito ay nangangahulugang ipinagpaplagay na ang presyo lamang ang salik na nakakaapekto sa pagbabago ng quantity demanded, habang ibang salik ay hindi nagbabago o nakakapekto.
SUBSTITUTION EFFECT
- – sa konseptong ito, ang mamimili ay naghahanap ng kapalit na mas mura kapag ang presyo ng isang produkto ay tumaas ang presyo. Halimbawa, imbes na bumili ng softdrinks sa isang tindahan ay bibili na lamang ng tubig na di hamak na mas mababa ang presyo kaysa sa softdrinks.
Income effect
-– ipinahahayag rito na mas mataas ang halaga ng kinikita kapag mas mababa ang presyo ng isang produkto.
This document contains multiple choice questions about Asian studies. It covers topics like Asian organizations, airlines, education systems, religions, countries, capitals, rivers and more. The questions test knowledge of the history, culture, geography and economies of different Asian nations and regions.
This document provides 50 multiple choice questions about Jose Rizal's life and writings. It tests knowledge on details like Rizal's family background, education, major works like Noli Me Tangere, time abroad, influences, and relationships. The questions cover topics spanning Rizal's entire life and career, from his early years through his later activism and writings advocating for reforms in the Philippines.
This document contains multiple choice questions about Asian studies. It covers topics like Asian organizations, airlines, education systems, religions, countries, capitals, rivers and more. The questions test knowledge of the history, culture, geography and economies of different Asian nations and regions.
This document provides 50 multiple choice questions about Jose Rizal's life and writings. It tests knowledge on details like Rizal's family background, education, major works like Noli Me Tangere, time abroad, influences, and relationships. The questions cover topics spanning Rizal's entire life and career, from his early years through his later activism and writings advocating for reforms in the Philippines.
1. The document contains 50 multiple choice questions about Philippine history covering topics such as pre-colonial inhabitants, Spanish colonization, independence movements, and cultural aspects.
2. The questions test knowledge about indigenous groups like the Igorots and Aetas, Spanish colonial systems like encomiendas and friar estates, independence heroes like Rizal and Bonifacio, and cultural traditions from different regions.
3. Key events covered include Legazpi's conquest of the Philippines, the Philippine Revolution, and the establishment of American civil government under the 1902 Organic Act. The document serves as a review of important people, places, and developments throughout Philippine history.
This document contains 30 multiple choice questions that test knowledge about various topics in social philosophy and logic, including:
1. Definitions of key philosophical concepts like the nature of society and human nature.
2. Theories and views in educational philosophy like essentialism, progressivism, pragmatism, and existentialism.
3. Components of philosophic method and educational objectives.
4. Ethical and religious concepts from traditions like Islam, Taoism, and Shintoism.
The questions cover a wide range of material and serve to assess understanding of ideas in social philosophy, educational theory, and world religions.
This document contains 25 multiple choice questions about the use of instructional materials and technology in education. The questions cover topics such as the systematic process of developing instructional materials, the importance of previewing materials before class, appropriate responses when materials do not match objectives, using a variety of materials to engage students, the teacher's role with educational technology, using models and other visual aids, reasons for reluctance in using technology, effective uses of different technologies including audio, film, and computers, and applications of distance education.
This document provides information about various assessment terms and methods. It contains 25 multiple choice questions about assessment principles, tools, and practices. The questions cover topics like the differences between formative and summative assessment, appropriate methods to use to assess different learning objectives, reliability and validity testing, and the use of tools like rubrics, portfolios and performance-based assessments.
This document contains 25 multiple choice questions about assessment in education. The questions cover topics like the differences between measurement and evaluation, types of assessments like formative vs summative, using rubrics, developing portfolios, and identifying errors in using rubrics. Sample assessment scenarios and tasks are described in some of the questions to determine the best assessment approach.
This document contains 25 multiple choice questions related to educational testing and assessment. The questions cover topics such as measures of central tendency, test interpretation, test validity, and test difficulty. Correct answers are provided for each question to assess understanding of key concepts in educational measurement and evaluation.
This document contains 25 multiple choice questions about educational testing and assessment. The questions cover topics such as interpreting test item difficulty indices, identifying homogeneous groups based on standard deviation, recognizing skewed test score distributions, determining discriminating power of test items, identifying features of normal distributions and skewed distributions, principles of test construction, different assessment techniques such as sociometric and self-report, calculating discrimination indices, examples of affective learning outcomes, and analyzing item difficulty and discrimination indices to identify weak test items.
This document contains 25 multiple choice questions about laws and policies related to professional education in the Philippines. The questions cover topics like constitutional rights to education, teacher qualifications, compensation, leaves, and the code of ethics for teachers. Correct answers are identified for each question.
This document contains 25 multiple choice questions that address various ethical scenarios and standards for teachers and public officials based on relevant laws and codes of conduct in the Philippines. The questions cover topics such as appropriate teacher-student relationships, handling complaints, responsibilities of school administrators, ethical standards for public service, and requirements to practice as a certified teacher.
This document contains 22 multiple choice questions about various topics related to education, including globalization, multicultural education, gender issues, peace education, and the impacts of conflict on children. The questions assess understanding of key concepts like cultural diversity, tensions between tradition and modernity, economic impacts of globalization, and pillars of education like learning to know, learning to do, and learning to live together.
The document contains 25 multiple choice questions related to various topics in professional education such as the four pillars of learning proposed by Delors, globalization and its impacts on education, human rights education, multicultural education, peace education, and sustainable development. The questions assess understanding of key concepts, theories, and frameworks in these areas of professional education.
1. The primary group is characterized by intimate, face to face personal relationships where the individual identifies himself and is given a sense of belongingness.
2. A reference group is the group that an individual consciously and unconsciously identifies with.
3. Social stratification is the system of assigning individuals ranks in society based on income, wealth, education, occupation and lifestyle.
UNDERSTANDING CULTURE, SOCIETY, AND POLITICS.pptxAljonMendoza3
Culture refers to the complex whole that includes knowledge, beliefs, arts, laws, customs and morals shared by a society. It facilitates meaning, production and human satisfaction through the transmission of patterns of acceptable social behavior and adaptation. Society is the product of human social processes aimed at meeting basic survival needs. Politics involves collective decision making by individuals based on defined societal rules. Anthropology is the scientific study of humans, their behaviors, values and relationships over time and space. Political science systematically studies states, governments and their relationships with citizens and other states. Sociology scientifically examines patterned shared human behavior.
Anthropologists often find the greatest beauty in art that expresses mythology or religion. Folklore can be considered an art when it maintains group solidarity or provides cultural validation. Ritual activities in native cultures are focused on beliefs that rituals can drive away bad spirits or give protection. The Tasaday people discovered in the 1970s exemplify human variability, adaptability, and universality. Cultural variability arises from limitations that allow different possibilities. Archeologists analyze socially learned prehistoric and historic traits through methods like excavation, stratification, and carbon dating.
1. The document contains 100 multiple choice questions about Jose Rizal, the national hero of the Philippines.
2. The questions cover details about Rizal's life, including his family background, education, writings, travels, and execution by the Spanish colonial government.
3. Some of the questions ask about Rizal's novel Noli Me Tangere, his relationships, and his advice to the Spanish government about representing the Philippines.
The document provides information about various topics related to World History Unit II, including the Minoan and Mycenaean civilizations, important figures like Theseus and Agamemnon, locations like Crete and Troy, and the Iliad. It also covers the emergence of Greek civilization centered around the sea, including the polis system and Olympics. Additional sections discuss the rise of Rome near the Tiber River, its republican government and expansion through war, as well as emperors like Augustus and the Pax Romana period of peace.
1. Naitanong mo ba sa iyong sarili
kung paano mo matutugunan ang
mga pangangailangan mo?
Saan mo makukuha ang mga ito?
2. Sa puntong ito, mahalagang pag-
usapan ang apat na pangunahing
katanungang pang-ekonomiko:
1. Ano ang gagawin?
2. Gaano karami?
3. Paano? at
4. Para kanino?
4. KONSEPTO NG DEMAND
• Ang demand ay tumutukoy sa dami ng
produkto o serbisyo na gusto at kayang
bilhin ng mamimili sa iba’t ibang presyo sa
isang takdang panahon.
• Produkto - pagkain, damit
• Serbisyo - haircut, medical check-up
5. KONSEPTO NG DEMAND
• May demand ang isang produkto o
serbisyo kapag nakapagbibigay ito ng
kasiyahan o nakatutugon sa isang
pangangailangan.
6. KONSEPTO NG DEMAND
• Ang mga binibili natin tulad ng pagkain,
damit, mga personal na gamit gaya ng
cellphone at iba pang gadget ay mga
halimbawa ng demand.
7. KONSEPTO NG DEMAND
• Napakahalagang batayan sa pagbili ng
isang pangangailangan ang presyo.
8. KONSEPTO NG DEMAND
• Bumibili tayo depende sa kakayahan natin
o sa badyet na mayroon tayo.
• Kaya napakahalaga na matutunan natin
ang wastong pagbabadyet upang
matugunan natin ang pang-araw-araw na
demand para sa mga pangangailangan
natin.
10. BATAS NG DEMAND
• Isinasaad ng Batas ng Demand na
magkasalungat o inverse na ugnayan
ang presyo sa quantity demanded ng
isang produkto.
?Magkasalungat/Inverse
11. BATAS NG DEMAND
• Kapag tumaas ang presyo, bumababa ang
dami ng gusto at kayang bilhin; at kapag
bumaba ang presyo, tataas naman ang
dami ng gusto at kayang bilhin (ceteris
paribus).
Presyo Demand
12. BATAS NG DEMAND
• Ceteris Paribus (Latin Word)
• “All other things being equal”
• Ipinagpapalagay na ang PRESYO lamang
ang salik na nakaaapekto sa pagbabago
ng quantity demanded, habang ang ibang
salik ay hindi nagbabago o nakaaapekto
rito
• Kita, panlasa, dami ng mamimili, atbp.
13. BATAS NG DEMAND
• Ayon sa Batas ng Demand, kapag kayo ng
iyong pamilya ay magdedesisyon na bumili
ng isang produkto o serbisyo, ang presyo
ang inyong pangunahing
pinagbabatayan.
• Sa bawat pagbili mo sa tindahan,
itinatanong mo muna ang presyo bago ka
magdesisyon kung ilan ang iyong bibilhin.
.
14. BATAS NG DEMAND
• 2 konsepto na nagpapaliwanag kung bakit
may magkasalungat o inverse na ugnayan
sa pagitan ng PRESYO at QUANTITY
DEMANDED:
1. Substitution Effect
2. Income Effect
17. DEMAND SCHEDULE
• isang talaan na nagpapakita ng dami na
kaya at gustong bilhin ng mga mamimili sa
iba’t ibang presyo
Presyo bawat Piraso Quantity Demanded
Php100 10
90 20
80 30
70 40
60 50
50 60
40 70
30 80
20 90
10 100
0 110
18. DEMAND CURVE
• isang kurba sa graph na nagpapakita ng
salungat na ugnayan sa pagitan ng presyo
at sa dami ng gusto at kayang bilhin ng
mamimili
19. DEMAND FUNCTION
• ang matematikong pagpapakita sa
ugnayan ng presyo at quantity demanded
20. DEMAND FUNCTION
• Qd = f (P)
• Ang Qd o quantity demanded ang
tumatayong dependent variable, at ang
Presyo naman ang independent variable.
21. DEMAND FUNCTION
• Qd = a – bP
• Kung saan:
Qd = quantity demanded
P = presyo
a = intercept (ang bilang ng Qd kung ang
presyo ay 0)
22. DEMAND FUNCTION
• Demand function mula sa Demand
Schedule para sa Face Shield:
• Qd = 110 – 1P
• Kung ang P = 90, Qd = ?
• Qd = 110 – 1P
Qd = 110 – 1(90)
Qd = 110 – 90
Qd = 20
23. DEMAND FUNCTION
• Demand function mula sa Demand
Schedule para sa Face Shield:
• Qd = 110 – 1P
• Kung ang Qd = 50, P = ?
• Qd = 110 – 1P
50 = 110 – 1P
1P = 110 – 50
1P = 60
1P = 60
1 1
P = 60
24. Iba pang Salik na Nakaaapekto
sa Demand Maliban sa Presyo
25. KITA
• Ang pagbabago sa kita ng tao ay maaaring
makapagbago ng demand para sa isang
partikular na produkto.
• Normal Goods
• Inferior Goods
27. DAMI NG MAMIMILI
• Maaari ding magpataas ng demand ng
indibidwal ang tinatawag na bandwagon
effect.
• Dahil sa dami ng bumibili sa isang
produkto, nahihikayat kang bumili.
28. PRESYO NG MAGKAUGNAY NA
PRODUKTO SA PAGKONSUMO
• Masasabing magkaugnay ang mga
produkto sa pagkonsumo kung ito ay
komplementaryo o pamalit sa isa’t isa.
• Complement
• Substitute
29. INAASAHAN NG MGA MAMIMILI
SA PRESYO SA HINAHARAP
• Kung inaasahan ng mga mamimili na
tataas ang presyo ng isang partikular na
produkto sa susunod na araw o linggo,
asahan na tataas ang demand ng nasabing
produkto sa kasalukuyan habang mababa
pa ang presyo nito.
33. Ano ang maaari mong gawin
bilang isang matalinong
mamimili?
34. 1. Iwasan ang pagsunod sa uso o moda ng
damit at gamit dahil ang pagtaas sa demand
ay nangangahulugan ng pagtaas din ng
presyo ng mga produktong ito.
35. 2. Magtipid at huwag gumasta nang higit sa
kinikita. Ang labis na paggasta ay hindi
mainam sa panahong mababa ang antas ng
produksyon at magdudulot ng pagtaas ng
presyo. Hindi rin mabuti kung mababa ang
antas ng paggasta dahil magdudulot ito ng
pagtamlay ng ekonomiya. Dapat ay nasa
tamang antas lamang ang paggasta. Ang
dapat ay “eksaktong paggasta lamang”.
36. 3. Ang pagdami ng mga alternatibo o
kahaliling produkto ay magbibigay ng
pagkakataon sa mga mamimili upang
maraming pagpipilian na may mababang
presyo. Sa kabilang banda, ang labis at
kulang na pagkonsumo ay hindi mainam sa
ekonomiya.
37. 4. Sa pangkalahatan, ang tamang paggasta
at pagkonsumo ay makatutulong upang
maging matatag ang kalagayan ng presyo
sa pamilihan.