1) Indian firms are rapidly globalizing and engaging in large mergers and acquisitions deals internationally as examples of Indian companies expanding globally.
2) Rural areas in India are expected to drive innovation as rural populations grow and account for a larger share of the country compared to China, which urbanized more rapidly.
3) A concept called "Jugaad innovation" has emerged in India where companies satisfy customers at the bottom of the economic pyramid through constraint-based and low-cost innovations to produce world-class quality goods and services at affordable prices.
Reliance Industries Limited (RIL) has launched the GenNext Hub initiative to support Indian startups. The GenNext Hub provides a four-month accelerator program that gives startups access to funding, business mentors, and technical experts. The program helps startups evolve from an MVP to an MVC by achieving product-market fit and scaling up revenues. RIL also holds "Scalerator" programs and roadshows to connect startups to RIL leaders and investors who can help the startups further scale their businesses.
Enroute: Make In India & Digital India Perspective - TCI Logistics tcilogistics
The document provides an overview of the Make in India initiative and its focus on key manufacturing sectors such as automobiles, chemicals, railways, and ports & shipping. It discusses the success of the Make in India week event held in Mumbai in February 2016, which saw participation from over 8,90,000 visitors, 1,245 speakers, and commitments of over Rs. 1,05,000 crore in business enquiries and Rs. 15,20,000 crore in investments. The document also outlines various statistics highlighting India's economic growth and the prospects and challenges for boosting manufacturing under the Make in India program.
This document summarizes key facts about Gujarat, India and its growing economy:
- Gujarat accounts for 25% of India's exports and 95% of the country's diamond exports. Its GDP has doubled every 7 years, growing over 10% annually for the past decade.
- Gujarat is developing Gift City as India's first global financial hub and an epicenter for growth, aiming to create over a million jobs and challenge other global hubs through investments and partnerships.
- The document promotes real estate investments in Gift City's World Trade Center, highlighting its potential for security of investment, high returns, capital appreciation, and pride of ownership based on WTCs' track record globally.
This document discusses India's achievements and potential for growth, as well as areas needing improvement to become more globally competitive. It outlines India's strengths such as a young population, low-cost skilled labor, and achievements in areas like space science and IT. However, it also identifies challenges like lack of infrastructure, delays in projects, and an over-reliance on foreign investment. The document proposes initiatives to strengthen research and development, support startups, develop specialized industries, and increase political will and consensus to help India become more self-reliant and globally competitive.
The document summarizes trends in India's manufacturing sector and the opportunities it presents. A growing domestic market, skilled workforce, supportive policies like Make in India, and global companies investing are driving new manufacturing investments. Technology adoption and quality standards are improving in Indian companies. The Confederation of Indian Industry promotes India's manufacturing sector through advocacy, programs for industry efficiency and global partnerships.
L&T Realty is a real estate development company started in 2012 that competes with large developers like DLF and Lodha. It currently has several projects in Mumbai, Chennai, Bengaluru, and Navi Mumbai. Some of its advantages include the brand value of parent company L&T, converting its own land parcels rather than buying new land, and not launching pre-sales until receiving all approvals. A PESTEL analysis identifies political initiatives like 'Housing for All' and revised construction rules as opportunities, while economic factors like the current real estate slowdown are a challenge. Socially, L&T's brand provides trust, and technology in India is advancing, but still behind global standards.
Indian Economy & Business (Skyped Lecture U-Tokyo Graduate Students)Chirantan Chatterjee
This document discusses India's economic growth and transformation. It notes that while India was growing rapidly and seen as competing with China, its growth has slowed in recent years. It attributes this partly to global slowdown but mainly to structural issues as "the low hanging fruits being gone." It argues that India now needs structural transformation, including addressing sub-national heterogeneity and institutional voids. It highlights some positive factors like a young workforce, entrepreneurship, and sunrise industries, but says more needs to be done in areas like governance, education, and policy consistency to help facilitate India's continued economic development.
Reliance Industries Limited (RIL) has launched the GenNext Hub initiative to support Indian startups. The GenNext Hub provides a four-month accelerator program that gives startups access to funding, business mentors, and technical experts. The program helps startups evolve from an MVP to an MVC by achieving product-market fit and scaling up revenues. RIL also holds "Scalerator" programs and roadshows to connect startups to RIL leaders and investors who can help the startups further scale their businesses.
Enroute: Make In India & Digital India Perspective - TCI Logistics tcilogistics
The document provides an overview of the Make in India initiative and its focus on key manufacturing sectors such as automobiles, chemicals, railways, and ports & shipping. It discusses the success of the Make in India week event held in Mumbai in February 2016, which saw participation from over 8,90,000 visitors, 1,245 speakers, and commitments of over Rs. 1,05,000 crore in business enquiries and Rs. 15,20,000 crore in investments. The document also outlines various statistics highlighting India's economic growth and the prospects and challenges for boosting manufacturing under the Make in India program.
This document summarizes key facts about Gujarat, India and its growing economy:
- Gujarat accounts for 25% of India's exports and 95% of the country's diamond exports. Its GDP has doubled every 7 years, growing over 10% annually for the past decade.
- Gujarat is developing Gift City as India's first global financial hub and an epicenter for growth, aiming to create over a million jobs and challenge other global hubs through investments and partnerships.
- The document promotes real estate investments in Gift City's World Trade Center, highlighting its potential for security of investment, high returns, capital appreciation, and pride of ownership based on WTCs' track record globally.
This document discusses India's achievements and potential for growth, as well as areas needing improvement to become more globally competitive. It outlines India's strengths such as a young population, low-cost skilled labor, and achievements in areas like space science and IT. However, it also identifies challenges like lack of infrastructure, delays in projects, and an over-reliance on foreign investment. The document proposes initiatives to strengthen research and development, support startups, develop specialized industries, and increase political will and consensus to help India become more self-reliant and globally competitive.
The document summarizes trends in India's manufacturing sector and the opportunities it presents. A growing domestic market, skilled workforce, supportive policies like Make in India, and global companies investing are driving new manufacturing investments. Technology adoption and quality standards are improving in Indian companies. The Confederation of Indian Industry promotes India's manufacturing sector through advocacy, programs for industry efficiency and global partnerships.
L&T Realty is a real estate development company started in 2012 that competes with large developers like DLF and Lodha. It currently has several projects in Mumbai, Chennai, Bengaluru, and Navi Mumbai. Some of its advantages include the brand value of parent company L&T, converting its own land parcels rather than buying new land, and not launching pre-sales until receiving all approvals. A PESTEL analysis identifies political initiatives like 'Housing for All' and revised construction rules as opportunities, while economic factors like the current real estate slowdown are a challenge. Socially, L&T's brand provides trust, and technology in India is advancing, but still behind global standards.
Indian Economy & Business (Skyped Lecture U-Tokyo Graduate Students)Chirantan Chatterjee
This document discusses India's economic growth and transformation. It notes that while India was growing rapidly and seen as competing with China, its growth has slowed in recent years. It attributes this partly to global slowdown but mainly to structural issues as "the low hanging fruits being gone." It argues that India now needs structural transformation, including addressing sub-national heterogeneity and institutional voids. It highlights some positive factors like a young workforce, entrepreneurship, and sunrise industries, but says more needs to be done in areas like governance, education, and policy consistency to help facilitate India's continued economic development.
The document summarizes the Make in India campaign launched by the Indian government. The campaign aims to transform India into a global manufacturing hub and increase the country's GDP and economic growth by attracting companies to set up factories in India. It focuses on 25 key sectors and aims to improve India's ranking in the World Bank's ease of doing business index. The campaign will provide skill development training to help create a skilled workforce and address challenges like lack of infrastructure that have hindered manufacturing in India. Successful implementation of GST is seen as important to make India a single unified market for furthering the goals of the Make in India initiative.
The Make in India initiative was launched in 2014 to transform India into a global manufacturing hub. It has attracted significant foreign direct investment, increasing FDI inflows by 44% between 2014-2016. Major companies like Foxconn, Uber, and General Motors have committed billions of dollars to investing in manufacturing facilities in India. The initiative aims to boost the manufacturing sector as a percentage of GDP and create jobs, while also enhancing technology transfers and developing infrastructure. Overall, Make in India has shown success in improving India's business environment and establishing the country as an attractive destination for global investment.
The document discusses India's Make in India initiative which aims to transform India into a global manufacturing hub and raise the share of manufacturing in India's GDP to 25% by 2022. It highlights India's large market size and skilled labor, growing infrastructure, and enabling policies to attract foreign investment and boost manufacturing. Key sectors being promoted under Make in India include automobiles, aviation, biotechnology, chemicals, construction, defense, electronics, food processing, leather, media and entertainment, mining, oil and gas, ports, railways, and IT/BPM.
Make in India- the way ahead by Nandini Gupta 12 W (2).pptxTannuGupta25
The Make in India initiative was launched in 2014 to transform India into a global manufacturing hub. It was a response to India's declining growth rate and doubts about its economic potential. Make in India aims to overhaul outdated policies and processes through minimum government intervention and maximum governance. It covers 25 sectors and has attracted investment proposals. However, challenges remain in developing skills, technology, competitiveness, and updating labor laws to fully realize Make in India's objectives of job creation and economic growth.
Role of information technology in innovative entrepreneurship finalSanjay Mishra
The document discusses the potential for innovation and entrepreneurship in India. It notes that while India has seen success in IT, much of the population still lacks basic amenities and the informal sector makes up 90% of the workforce. It argues that both private companies and the government could do more to promote innovation, including by small businesses applying existing technologies to new areas and reducing costs. Examples are given of innovative companies in sectors like automobiles, microfinance, and retail that have helped develop new markets and address social issues. The analysis indicates there are still significant untapped opportunities for innovative entrepreneurship in India if more private companies are willing to take risks.
The Indian Prime Minister has announced new programs called "Stand Up India" and "Startup India" to encourage entrepreneurship and startup culture in India. The programs aim to leverage the technical skills of Indian youth to solve problems through new business ideas. At an event in New Delhi, the government unveiled a host of schemes to support startups in growing rapidly. These include tax exemptions for 3 years, credit guarantees, funding of 2500 crore for startups, establishing bioclusters and tinkering labs, and relaxed public procurement and intellectual property rules for startups. While some remain skeptical, supporters like Nikesh Arora of Softbank say the initiative is pathbreaking and can help catapult India to new heights by utilizing talent
THIS PPT IS ABOUT THE CONDUCTING THE SUCCESSFUL BUSINESS IN THE INDIA AND SOME CASE STUDIES ARE GIVEN BELOW THE POWER POINT PRESENTATION. THIS MAY HELP YOU TO START THE NEW BUSINESS IN THE SOCIETY.
This document summarizes a presentation on innovation in entrepreneurship given by Bohitesh Misra. The presentation covers types of innovation, sources and barriers of innovation, and the importance of frugal innovation. It discusses how digital technology boosts frugal innovation through mobile phones and biometric authentication. Frugal innovation focuses on customer needs and offers more agile, customer-centric products at lower costs through simplification and minimum inputs.
The document summarizes the Make in India initiative launched by the Indian government in 2014. It aims to transform India into a global manufacturing hub and raise the share of manufacturing in India's GDP to 25% by 2022. Key pillars of the initiative include improving infrastructure, reducing bureaucratic red tape, developing new industrial corridors, boosting skill development, and promoting sectors like electronics, pharmaceuticals, and renewable energy. The government has introduced several reforms to encourage investment and innovation under the Make in India program.
Make in India is an international campaign launched by Prime Minister Narendra Modi in 2014 to encourage global companies to manufacture their products in India. The campaign aims to give India global recognition as an economic power and create jobs by increasing investment, raising technology levels, and boosting economic growth. Make in India seeks to transform India into a global manufacturing hub by developing skills, improving infrastructure, enhancing ease of business, and fostering innovation.
Make in India is an international campaign launched by Prime Minister Narendra Modi in 2014 to encourage global companies to manufacture their products in India. The campaign aims to give India global recognition as an economic power and create jobs by increasing investment, raising technology levels, and boosting economic growth. Make in India seeks to transform India into a global manufacturing hub by developing skills, improving infrastructure, enhancing ease of business, and fostering innovation.
Make in India is an International marketing campaigning slogan, to attract businesses from around the world to invest and manufacture in India. It is very crucial program initiated by the honourable Prime Minister Narendra Modi
Investing in a Mutual Fund New Fund Offer (NFO) can offer several benefits to investors. NFOs allow investors to participate in new schemes at their inception, providing an opportunity to capitalize on potential early-stage growth. Existing mutual funds may have already experienced significant growth, limiting the potential for substantial returns.
Additionally, NFOs allow investors to diversify their portfolio by gaining exposure to different asset classes, market sectors or themes. They also provide professional fund management, ensuring expert handling of investments. Moreover, NFOs offer flexibility in terms of investment amounts, allowing investors to start with small investments and gradually increase their holdings.
The document is a magazine covering various topics related to business and the economy in India. It includes articles on e-commerce in India, entrepreneurs, innovations, sectoral updates, and regional business stories. The magazine aims to provide insights on emerging trends in the Indian business landscape and economic development.
IMPACT OF MAKE IN INDIA CAMPAIGN: A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVEQUESTJOURNAL
ABSTRACT: India is one of the world’s fastest growing economies, the tenth largest in the world by nominal GDP and the third largest by purchasing power parity (PPP). India needs to identify the steps being taken to give more financial powers to states, increased investment on infrastructure, emphasis on manufacturing which enables to open the door for investment. This Make in India campaign guides the foreign investors, prompt response, assistance to foreign investors and provide relevant information and proactive approach. This paper covers overview of the Make in India campaign, sectors covered, Initiatives taken by companies, growth cycles, challenges, opportunities and foreign investment in Indian manufacturing. The present study is based on secondary data. The data has been extracted from the various sources like research articles, publications from Ministry of Commerce, Government of India, various bulletins of RBI and authenticated websites. The study found that, Make in India will bring a drastic change in the fields like automobiles, aviation, biotechnology, defense, media, thermal power, oil, gas and manufacturing sectors. Thus, we can conclude that, despite the fact that “Make in India” though came at a right time, its execution remains a big challenge.
Building Billion Dollar Product Companies from India - Management report by J...ProductNation/iSPIRT
A research paper put together by Jyoti Ramnath, MBA 2014, outlining the challenges faced by product start-ups in India and providing recommendations to improve the entrepreneurship ecosystem and position India as a product nation on the global map
This document provides an overview of the impact of globalization on India's economy and broadcasting industries. It discusses how India has opened up to international trade and investment, leading to privatization and liberalization in many sectors. This includes the deregulation and privatization of India's broadcasting industry in the late 1990s, allowing foreign media conglomerates to enter and transforming India from a state-controlled broadcast system to one with nearly 70 private television channels. The globalization of India's economy and media landscapes has presented both opportunities and challenges for the country.
The CII Industrial Innovation Awards were established in 2014 to recognize innovative Indian enterprises. The 2015 awards honored 4 companies in manufacturing categories, 2 startups, and recognized the top 25 innovative organizations and 10 promising startups. The jury evaluated applications based on factors like competitive advantage created and growth, market share, and financial performance achieved through innovation. A multi-stage process involved over 150 initial applications narrowing down to honoring top companies and startups at the awards ceremony.
Make in india - The Way Ahead Class 12 Economics ProjectShivamSingh1247
This is Class 12th Economics Project as per CBSE Guideline
- Introduction
- Process
- Advantages & Disadvantages
- Challenges
- Criticsm & Concerns
- Sectors Covered
- Objective of Make in india
- Manufacturing Projects
- Infrastructure Support
- News & Statistic
- Objective of Making this Project
- Conclusion
- Bibliography
The Make in India initiative aims to facilitate investment, foster innovation, and build manufacturing infrastructure to create 100 million new jobs and increase manufacturing's share of GDP to 25%. In the first year, India improved its global competitiveness ranking and became the top destination for foreign direct investment. The initiative has achieved success through liberalizing foreign investment rules, improving ease of doing business, developing industrial corridors, and positioning India in global supply chains.
Best Competitive Marble Pricing in Dubai - ☎ 9928909666Stone Art Hub
Stone Art Hub offers the best competitive Marble Pricing in Dubai, ensuring affordability without compromising quality. With a wide range of exquisite marble options to choose from, you can enhance your spaces with elegance and sophistication. For inquiries or orders, contact us at ☎ 9928909666. Experience luxury at unbeatable prices.
The document summarizes the Make in India campaign launched by the Indian government. The campaign aims to transform India into a global manufacturing hub and increase the country's GDP and economic growth by attracting companies to set up factories in India. It focuses on 25 key sectors and aims to improve India's ranking in the World Bank's ease of doing business index. The campaign will provide skill development training to help create a skilled workforce and address challenges like lack of infrastructure that have hindered manufacturing in India. Successful implementation of GST is seen as important to make India a single unified market for furthering the goals of the Make in India initiative.
The Make in India initiative was launched in 2014 to transform India into a global manufacturing hub. It has attracted significant foreign direct investment, increasing FDI inflows by 44% between 2014-2016. Major companies like Foxconn, Uber, and General Motors have committed billions of dollars to investing in manufacturing facilities in India. The initiative aims to boost the manufacturing sector as a percentage of GDP and create jobs, while also enhancing technology transfers and developing infrastructure. Overall, Make in India has shown success in improving India's business environment and establishing the country as an attractive destination for global investment.
The document discusses India's Make in India initiative which aims to transform India into a global manufacturing hub and raise the share of manufacturing in India's GDP to 25% by 2022. It highlights India's large market size and skilled labor, growing infrastructure, and enabling policies to attract foreign investment and boost manufacturing. Key sectors being promoted under Make in India include automobiles, aviation, biotechnology, chemicals, construction, defense, electronics, food processing, leather, media and entertainment, mining, oil and gas, ports, railways, and IT/BPM.
Make in India- the way ahead by Nandini Gupta 12 W (2).pptxTannuGupta25
The Make in India initiative was launched in 2014 to transform India into a global manufacturing hub. It was a response to India's declining growth rate and doubts about its economic potential. Make in India aims to overhaul outdated policies and processes through minimum government intervention and maximum governance. It covers 25 sectors and has attracted investment proposals. However, challenges remain in developing skills, technology, competitiveness, and updating labor laws to fully realize Make in India's objectives of job creation and economic growth.
Role of information technology in innovative entrepreneurship finalSanjay Mishra
The document discusses the potential for innovation and entrepreneurship in India. It notes that while India has seen success in IT, much of the population still lacks basic amenities and the informal sector makes up 90% of the workforce. It argues that both private companies and the government could do more to promote innovation, including by small businesses applying existing technologies to new areas and reducing costs. Examples are given of innovative companies in sectors like automobiles, microfinance, and retail that have helped develop new markets and address social issues. The analysis indicates there are still significant untapped opportunities for innovative entrepreneurship in India if more private companies are willing to take risks.
The Indian Prime Minister has announced new programs called "Stand Up India" and "Startup India" to encourage entrepreneurship and startup culture in India. The programs aim to leverage the technical skills of Indian youth to solve problems through new business ideas. At an event in New Delhi, the government unveiled a host of schemes to support startups in growing rapidly. These include tax exemptions for 3 years, credit guarantees, funding of 2500 crore for startups, establishing bioclusters and tinkering labs, and relaxed public procurement and intellectual property rules for startups. While some remain skeptical, supporters like Nikesh Arora of Softbank say the initiative is pathbreaking and can help catapult India to new heights by utilizing talent
THIS PPT IS ABOUT THE CONDUCTING THE SUCCESSFUL BUSINESS IN THE INDIA AND SOME CASE STUDIES ARE GIVEN BELOW THE POWER POINT PRESENTATION. THIS MAY HELP YOU TO START THE NEW BUSINESS IN THE SOCIETY.
This document summarizes a presentation on innovation in entrepreneurship given by Bohitesh Misra. The presentation covers types of innovation, sources and barriers of innovation, and the importance of frugal innovation. It discusses how digital technology boosts frugal innovation through mobile phones and biometric authentication. Frugal innovation focuses on customer needs and offers more agile, customer-centric products at lower costs through simplification and minimum inputs.
The document summarizes the Make in India initiative launched by the Indian government in 2014. It aims to transform India into a global manufacturing hub and raise the share of manufacturing in India's GDP to 25% by 2022. Key pillars of the initiative include improving infrastructure, reducing bureaucratic red tape, developing new industrial corridors, boosting skill development, and promoting sectors like electronics, pharmaceuticals, and renewable energy. The government has introduced several reforms to encourage investment and innovation under the Make in India program.
Make in India is an international campaign launched by Prime Minister Narendra Modi in 2014 to encourage global companies to manufacture their products in India. The campaign aims to give India global recognition as an economic power and create jobs by increasing investment, raising technology levels, and boosting economic growth. Make in India seeks to transform India into a global manufacturing hub by developing skills, improving infrastructure, enhancing ease of business, and fostering innovation.
Make in India is an international campaign launched by Prime Minister Narendra Modi in 2014 to encourage global companies to manufacture their products in India. The campaign aims to give India global recognition as an economic power and create jobs by increasing investment, raising technology levels, and boosting economic growth. Make in India seeks to transform India into a global manufacturing hub by developing skills, improving infrastructure, enhancing ease of business, and fostering innovation.
Make in India is an International marketing campaigning slogan, to attract businesses from around the world to invest and manufacture in India. It is very crucial program initiated by the honourable Prime Minister Narendra Modi
Investing in a Mutual Fund New Fund Offer (NFO) can offer several benefits to investors. NFOs allow investors to participate in new schemes at their inception, providing an opportunity to capitalize on potential early-stage growth. Existing mutual funds may have already experienced significant growth, limiting the potential for substantial returns.
Additionally, NFOs allow investors to diversify their portfolio by gaining exposure to different asset classes, market sectors or themes. They also provide professional fund management, ensuring expert handling of investments. Moreover, NFOs offer flexibility in terms of investment amounts, allowing investors to start with small investments and gradually increase their holdings.
The document is a magazine covering various topics related to business and the economy in India. It includes articles on e-commerce in India, entrepreneurs, innovations, sectoral updates, and regional business stories. The magazine aims to provide insights on emerging trends in the Indian business landscape and economic development.
IMPACT OF MAKE IN INDIA CAMPAIGN: A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVEQUESTJOURNAL
ABSTRACT: India is one of the world’s fastest growing economies, the tenth largest in the world by nominal GDP and the third largest by purchasing power parity (PPP). India needs to identify the steps being taken to give more financial powers to states, increased investment on infrastructure, emphasis on manufacturing which enables to open the door for investment. This Make in India campaign guides the foreign investors, prompt response, assistance to foreign investors and provide relevant information and proactive approach. This paper covers overview of the Make in India campaign, sectors covered, Initiatives taken by companies, growth cycles, challenges, opportunities and foreign investment in Indian manufacturing. The present study is based on secondary data. The data has been extracted from the various sources like research articles, publications from Ministry of Commerce, Government of India, various bulletins of RBI and authenticated websites. The study found that, Make in India will bring a drastic change in the fields like automobiles, aviation, biotechnology, defense, media, thermal power, oil, gas and manufacturing sectors. Thus, we can conclude that, despite the fact that “Make in India” though came at a right time, its execution remains a big challenge.
Building Billion Dollar Product Companies from India - Management report by J...ProductNation/iSPIRT
A research paper put together by Jyoti Ramnath, MBA 2014, outlining the challenges faced by product start-ups in India and providing recommendations to improve the entrepreneurship ecosystem and position India as a product nation on the global map
This document provides an overview of the impact of globalization on India's economy and broadcasting industries. It discusses how India has opened up to international trade and investment, leading to privatization and liberalization in many sectors. This includes the deregulation and privatization of India's broadcasting industry in the late 1990s, allowing foreign media conglomerates to enter and transforming India from a state-controlled broadcast system to one with nearly 70 private television channels. The globalization of India's economy and media landscapes has presented both opportunities and challenges for the country.
The CII Industrial Innovation Awards were established in 2014 to recognize innovative Indian enterprises. The 2015 awards honored 4 companies in manufacturing categories, 2 startups, and recognized the top 25 innovative organizations and 10 promising startups. The jury evaluated applications based on factors like competitive advantage created and growth, market share, and financial performance achieved through innovation. A multi-stage process involved over 150 initial applications narrowing down to honoring top companies and startups at the awards ceremony.
Make in india - The Way Ahead Class 12 Economics ProjectShivamSingh1247
This is Class 12th Economics Project as per CBSE Guideline
- Introduction
- Process
- Advantages & Disadvantages
- Challenges
- Criticsm & Concerns
- Sectors Covered
- Objective of Make in india
- Manufacturing Projects
- Infrastructure Support
- News & Statistic
- Objective of Making this Project
- Conclusion
- Bibliography
The Make in India initiative aims to facilitate investment, foster innovation, and build manufacturing infrastructure to create 100 million new jobs and increase manufacturing's share of GDP to 25%. In the first year, India improved its global competitiveness ranking and became the top destination for foreign direct investment. The initiative has achieved success through liberalizing foreign investment rules, improving ease of doing business, developing industrial corridors, and positioning India in global supply chains.
Best Competitive Marble Pricing in Dubai - ☎ 9928909666Stone Art Hub
Stone Art Hub offers the best competitive Marble Pricing in Dubai, ensuring affordability without compromising quality. With a wide range of exquisite marble options to choose from, you can enhance your spaces with elegance and sophistication. For inquiries or orders, contact us at ☎ 9928909666. Experience luxury at unbeatable prices.
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Prescriptive analytics BA4206 Anna University PPTFreelance
Business analysis - Prescriptive analytics Introduction to Prescriptive analytics
Prescriptive Modeling
Non Linear Optimization
Demonstrating Business Performance Improvement
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Time and again, the business group has taken up new business ventures, each of which has allowed it to expand its horizons further and reach new heights. Even amidst the Adani CBI Investigation, the firm has always focused on improving its cement business.
Ellen Burstyn: From Detroit Dreamer to Hollywood Legend | CIO Women MagazineCIOWomenMagazine
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2. Indian firms are rapidly globalizing via Financial Times, March 9, 2010. Examples of M&A Indian Outbound M&A Outbound FDI Kuwait Telecoms (US$ 10.7 billion) Singapore Healthcare (US$ 683 million) Source: RBI Bulletin, January 2010
3. Stumbling Tiger, Leaping Dragon? GDP growth in Central provinces [Chongqing, Sichuan, etc] outpace coastal regions [PRD, YRD] Rapid GDP growth in Tier I – II provinces [Gujarat, Karnataka, Maharashtra, New Delhi] 46% Urban 54% Rural 28% Urban 72% Rural INDIA = CHINA – 12 Years INDIA
4. Rural areas will drive innovation in India CHINA INDIA Why China is 12 years ahead India 2025: 35% Urban
5. Will India’s poor infrastructure impede its growth? Good Infrastructure Back Office Copycats Poor Infrastructure Breakthrough Innovation Source: Global Competitive Index Growth Trajectories: China and India
6. Jugaad Innovation Price Profit (Frills) Design JUGAAD INNOVATION: Constraint-based innovation that relies on ingenuity in terms of product, process, and people to serve customers at the base of the pyramid. It is “ First World goods and services at Third World prices.”
7. Innovation Flows DEVELOPED EMERGING Challenge and change the price performance equations. If we can satisfy 500 million (poor) customers in India by producing world-class quality, then that can become the biggest export opportunity in the world. - CK Prahalad, author of ‘The Fortune at the Bottom of the Pyramid.’
9. Arogya Parivar: Business Strategies for the BoP The traditional four P’s of marketing (Product, Price, Place and Promotion) have been replaced with the 4A’s (Affordability, Awareness, Availability, Acceptance).
11. India as the world’s post-recessionary consumer lab From Pepsi to PepsiCo: Learning from India to export overseas Business Today Initial entry conditions turned into strategic advantage Indigenous products helped PepsiCo diversify out of soft drinks. The technology behind Nimbooz, a lemon-flavored drink, was used to launch a hibiscus drink in Egypt. PepsiCo uses India as a benchmark for low-cost-high-quality products , reinforcing India’s status as a lab to determine post-recession demand.
14. 2025: Indian Enterprise Landscape DIY and Modular Vehicles Portable Hygiene Clean Technology Mobile Commerce How can Singapore capitalize on the disruptive innovation from India? In what ways will disruptive innovation from India affect Singapore?
Editor's Notes
1. Our presentation today is on the future of enterprise in India. This slide summarises the main points of our presentation. According to the dominant narrative, India’s growth is premised on its rising urban middle-class and rural consumer growth on the back of infrastructural improvements. We believe it’s more prudent to remain skeptical of India’s ability to improve its infrastructure significantly over the next 15 to 20 years. Moreover, there are barriers to India’s rate of urbanisation that could hinder the growth of its middle-class. Instead, we argue that it is the rural market that will preoccupy enterprises in India. In order to capture the rural market share, such enterprises will have to innovate around India’s limitations. This improvisational approach towards innovation goes by the name of jugaad . 2. India’s rural market acts as a test-bed for knowledge, and successful jugaad innovation there will enable enterprises to scale up. Firstly, this is achievable if companies succeed in creating and providing for rural demand. Secondly, innovation will enable companies to create a wide-range of products that can be exported not only to other emerging markets, but to the developed economies as well. As Indian enterprises globalise, we are likely to see increased M&A activity.
One clear indicator of the growth of Indian enterprises is the increasing amount of outbound mergers & acquisitions from India. The deal value of outbound M&A activity reached a peak in 2006 and 2007, with levels of US$22 billion. Indian enterprises are also directing their gaze away from Western developed economies to the East. Outward FDI from India dropped from 21 percent to 11 percent in the US and six percent to two percent in the UK between 2008 to 2009. Outward FDI to Singapore, however, increased over the same period by 10 percent. In March 2010, for instance, the Indian hospital chain Fortis Healthcare agreed to buy 23.9 percent of Singapore healthcare provider Parkway Holdings for US$685 million.
The consensus within business and consultancy circles is that India is poised for rapid growth over the next 15 to 20 years. McKinsey forecasts that India’s GDP will grow at a rate of 7.3 percent annually. This means that by 2025, India’s GDP would roughly equal to China’s in 2006. Anil Gupta and Wang Haiyan are even more optimistic and state that India is 12 to 14 years behind China, which implies that India will grow at an average of 8 to 9 percent annually. One of the drivers of this projected scenario is urbanisation. Given that India’s urban population on comprises 28 percent of its total population, there appears to be much potential for growth. According to a 2008 Metropolis Congress report, Delhi is projected to have 25 million people and Mumbai 14 million residents by 2020. This will be more than London and New York combined.
But India has significant barriers to social mobility that can constrain growth. One telling indicator is that India’s urbanisation rate has lagged behind other emerging countries. This graph compares the annual rate of change of percentage urban in India with China. From the mid-1970s throughout the 1980s, China experienced a burst of urban growth. This occurred despite the hukou restrictions on rural-urban migration implemented in 1958, probably as a result of economic reforms implemented by Deng Xiaoping. In contrast, India’s urban rate of growth declined from 1.5 percent in the mid-1970s to less than one percent in 2005. Even though the rate has since picked up, the UN forecasts that India’s rate of change of percentage urban will not reach China’s peak, and might begin to decline again in 2025. . India is unique among emerging economies for its low urbanisation rate. Besides China, Indonesia also started off with a lower percentage of urban population in 1975 than India, but surpassed the latter by the year 2000. One possible explanation, according to Kaivan Munshi from Brown University and Mark Rosenzweig from Yale, is that the rural caste system acts as a strong disincentive against marrying outside of one’s village caste network. They show that the rate of marriages out of one’s caste in the rural areas remained at a constant low of less than 6 percent from 1950 to 1999. With such strong pressures to keep individuals within the rural caste community, urbanisation fell behind. The majority of India’s population is likely to remain in the rural areas for the next 15 years. If India’s annual rate of change of percentage urban over this period averages at 1.5 percent, the urban population will comprise just 35 percent of the total in 2025. A key goal for future enterprises in India will be to unlock this huge rural market that currently numbers to some 700 million people. As the rural market develops, its consumption and demand for goods will grow. In 2007, for instance, the Indian Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry forecasted that the market for fast moving consumer goods (FMCG) in urban areas will drop by 25 percent by 2010 because of market over-saturation. On the other hand, it predicted that the rural market for FMCG would grow by 10 percent over the same period.
India also lags behind in infrastructural development. According to the 2009 Global Competitive Index (GCI), it ranks the worst among the BRIC countries for infrastructure (89th). Where it does relatively well at, however, is in innovation. It came in 30th out of 133 countries for innovation as measured by the GCI, a close second behind China. In this slide, we plotted the position of China and India on a 2X2 matrix based on GCI data. The vertical axis is the quality of infrastructure in the country, with infrastructure getting better as we go up the axis. The horizontal axis is a qualitative assessment of the type of innovation, ranging from duplication of technology and processes on the extreme left to breakthrough innovations on the extreme right. Infrastructure is not necessarily correlated to innovation, although there are studies that indicate it to be so. Rather, our emphasis is on the positive correlation of both variables to GDP growth. We project that China over the next 15 years will likely follow the trajectory of the Asian tiger economies. India, on the other hand, is likely to follow a different path. Although the Indian government has been trying to attract FDI into infrastructure construction, such herculean efforts might not even have the desired output. A 1996 NBER paper showed that new infrastructure construction might even have a negative effect on economic growth if it diverts resources away from maintaining the effectiveness of existing infrastructure. Despite these infrastructural limitations, enterprises in India have shown themselves to be capable of creating innovative products that cater to both emerging and developed markets.
The specific kind of innovation that has emerged out of India is called jugaad . This is a colloquial Hindi word that means “work around”. It was commonly used whenever vehicles had to be fixed in innovative and unorthodox ways due to a lack of resources. The philosophy, however, has resulted in a particular kind of Indian innovation. In its modern incarnation, jugaad refers to innovation that works around constraints to deliver first world goods and services at third world prices. Jugaad modifies the traditional profit equation. Entrepreneurs usually set the price of a product based on the cost and expected profit margin (Price = Cost + Profit). Jugaad innovation, on the other hand, emphasises the design of a product or service and ensures that the core functions are delivered at the highest possible quality. An affordable price is fixed, and unnecessary frills are removed. The embodiment of this design philosophy is the Tata Nano, where the metaphorical price of a typical autorickshaw is paired with the performance of a high-quality car without all of the frills. In doing so, the rural and urban poor can access and purchase high quality goods and services. Such a business model, as CK Prahalad notes, can be scaled up and exported out of India.
Jugaad innovation can be regarded as a knowledge commodity. Dr Prahalad’s quote can be read in two ways: firstly, India’s huge rural market is a test-bed for the development of innovative business models and products; secondly, if jugaad -engineered goods and services successfully tap India’s huge rural market, then the innovation can be re-exported overseas to both developed and emerging markets.
As mentioned earlier, India is unique among emerging economies in that the rural population is likely to be a significant majority in the years to come. It has the lowest percentage urban among the BRIC countries. Compared to the emerging economies in Southeast Asia, it lags behind Indonesia (46 percent), Thailand (32 percent) and is barely ahead of Vietnam (26 percent). This huge rural market thus represents a potential goldmine for overseas firms. One initiative to tap the rural market is by the Swiss pharmaceutical company Novartis. In late 2006, Novartis launched its Arogya Parivar outreach program to provide healthcare and medicine to villagers. From two states – Uttar Pradesh and Maharashtra – the initiative now stretches across seven states and 25 million villagers. Novartis plans to double this catchment area by 2010.
Although the specifics of Novartis’ business model differs from its competitors, nevertheless jugaad innovation is the common factor that enables rural villagers to receive healthcare and drugs despite the lack of infrastructure. In Novartis’ case, the traditional “four Ps” (The 4Ps are?) of marketing are replaced with the “four As” – affordability; awareness; availability; acceptance. It adopted a decentralised cell distribution model to provide an integrated healthcare service from educating villagers about symptoms to diagnosis to the delivery of medicine. By end-2008, Novartis had 170 such cells. It also packaged its drugs in smaller quantities so that they could be sold at more affordable prices.
As enterprises overcome local constraints in India, they develop and obtain technology, product knowledge, and supply-chain networks that give them a competitive edge in other emerging markets. The case of PepsiCo’s entrance into India is one example. In 1989, PepsiCo faced considerable obstacles in setting up its business in India because of the specific conditions that the Indian government required of the company. According to Vivek Bharati, PepsiCo India’s executive director of agriculture, the government wanted to make a political case that PepsiCo’s entry into the Indian market would be beneficial to farmers. PepsiCo, for one, had to operate through a joint venture with the Punjab government. It had to export goods worth half its turnover for 10 years, and had to invest in food cultivation. PepsiCo innovated around these restrictions. It experimented on rice and managed to increase farmers’ yields significantly. PepsiCo’s involvement in rice has actually resulted in new ways to grow more rice for less water, which has been very beneficial to Indian farmers.
India is a learning-lab for MNCs like PepsiCo to develop new products for export. By adopting the jugaad spirit and working around government constraints, PepsiCo now manages an extensive supply chain of contract farmers in India. Some 15,000 farmers provide PepsiCo with 75,000 tons of potatoes for exports worth US$44 million. Experiments with flavours to appeal to the local market led to the creation of indigenous products like Nimbooz, a lemon-flavoured drink. The technology behind these new flavours was subsequently exported to other emerging markets, such as a hibiscus-flavoured drink PepsiCo created for Egypt. In 2009, it formed a baked-snack unit and launched Aliva, a savoury cracker for the Indian market. PepsiCo India’s experience has enabled it to diversify away from soft drinks, with 37 percent of its US$1.2 billion revenue coming from snack foods.
The power of Jugaad innovation to provide first world services at third world prices is evident in the example of healthcare provider Narayana Hrudayalaya (NH). Based in Bangalore, NH provides world-class heart healthcare at a fraction of the cost, compared to US and Indian hospitals. To do so it relies on the jugaad innovation of telemedicine to diagnose patients in out-of-reach rural areas. Most ailments need not be operated on and just require treatment. If operation is required, NH has an innovative cost-saving model. It gains economies of scale through the volume of surgeries per day. Doctors are self-motivated, however, and are helped by nurses from the villages who learn by doing specific tasks repeatedly. Cost savings are also achieved by maximising the utilisation rate of machines that are tailor-made to only provide core functions.
By providing high quality, affordable healthcare through jugaad innovation, NH has successfully tapped India's bottom of the pyramid. It turned in a respectable after-tax profit of 7.7% according to a 2009 report. True to CK Prahalad's prediction, NH has been able to export its BoP model, not only to other emerging countries but to developed economies as well. It is opening hospitals near Miami and in Malaysia, and its telemedicine network extends to Africa and soon Indonesia. Medical tourism has also emerged as an emerging industry in India. 1 million tourists from 55 countries come to India for treatment every year. In 2005/06, medical tourism in India was valued at US$310 million and is predicted to grow to $2 billion by 2012.
In this presentation, we have put forth the case that India’s rural market will continue to comprise a significant majority of its total population in the next 15 to 20 years. As such, enterprises in India – both foreign and domestic – will seek to capture the demands of the rural consumer. Furthermore, successful enterprises in India will be those that manage to innovate around infrastructural constraints. This form of jugaad innovation comes in various forms, but it is most marked in the value-proposition of providing high quality goods and services at affordable prices, particularly for the bottom of the pyramid. More importantly, enterprises that successfully capture this BOP market can export their business models and technology to emerging markets and developed economies. The enterprise landscape that could emerge in India as a result of these processes will be a synthesis of workaround solutions, affordable technology, and pragmatic products. To move up the value chain, new sectors will be created as old ones combine with each other. Telemedicine and medical tourism are two examples of sectors which will experience unprecedented growth in the next few years. Possible enterprises could include firms selling DIY-assembled modular vehicles, portable hygiene such as easy-to-transport water purifiers, and sophisticated mobile apps that do not rely on smartphone technology. Given the increasing energy needs of India’s rural population, the development of clean technology would likely occupy a big part of India’s future enterprise landscape. The question is how Singapore can tap on the knowledge and jugaad innovativeness of India-based enterprises and the Indian diaspora.