This document discusses principles of data visualization and how humans process visual information. It explains that our eyes and memory work in parallel to analyze visuals, with memory playing a key role. Our working memory can only hold 3 "chunks" of information at a time. Effective visuals limit prominent chunks of information and pack meaning into each chunk. The document also discusses "preattentive attributes" like color, position and size that our working memory immediately detects in visuals. It explains how we perceive patterns from these attributes and how Gestalt principles can highlight important patterns. Finally, it provides an example visualization and analyzes how it uses these concepts.
Visualizing data tells compelling stories that increase research impact. It is important to know the audience and find the key story or message in the data. The type of visualization should be chosen based on the data, goals, and audience. Effective use of color, choosing the right visualization type, and understanding visual literacy principles are important for communicating with visualizations.
(1) This document provides information on Research Data Services for planning, managing, sharing, and publishing research data.
(2) It outlines resources for data management planning, software, and requirements, as well as training sessions and consultations available.
(3) Researchers can also share and publish data using SUNScholarData, the institutional research data repository, and should contact Samuel Simango for any data service inquiries or consultations.
This document provides guidance on principles of data visualization. It discusses why we visualize data, such as to communicate findings and inspire action. The visualization process involves getting and cleaning data, setting goals, and choosing visual types based on the data and audience. Effective use of color, narrative, and networks are also covered. The document emphasizes knowing the audience to select the right visual type and story to engage them. Overall it provides a helpful overview of best practices for data visualization design and communication.
The document discusses various techniques for visualizing data, from basic charts to approaches for big data. It covers common basic chart types like line graphs, bar charts, scatter plots, and pie charts. For big data, it addresses challenges like large data volumes, different data varieties, visualization velocity, and filtering. The document recommends understanding your data and goals to select the best visualizations, and introduces SAS Visual Analytics as a tool that performs automatic charting to help users visualize big data.
Overview of tools for data analysis and visualisation (2021)Marié Roux
This presentation gives a summary of important tools for data analysis and visualisation, for example to clean your data, do statistical analysis, visualisation application and programmes, qualitative analysis, GIS, temporal analysis, network analysis, etc.
This document discusses the importance of data fluency skills in the 21st century. It defines key terms like data science, machine learning, data literacy, and statistical literacy. While these fields require extensive training, the document argues that domain expertise combined with basic data analysis skills can solve many problems. These basic skills include understanding data structures, using programming to interact with data, and exploratory data analysis through visualization. The data analysis process involves defining problems, collecting and preparing data, visualization and modeling, and communicating results. RStudio is presented as a tool that can support the entire data analysis process within a single integrated development environment.
This presentation have the concept of Big data.
Why Big data is important to the present world.
How to visualize big data.
Steps for perfect visualization.
Visualization and design principle.
Also It had a number of visualization method for big data and traditional data.
Advantage of Visualization in Big Data
This document provides an introduction to data visualization. It discusses the importance of data visualization for clearly communicating complex ideas in reports and statements. The document outlines the data visualization process and different types of data and relationships that can be visualized, including quantitative and qualitative data. It also discusses various formats for visualizing data, with the goal of helping readers understand data visualization and how to create interactive visuals and analyze data.
Visualizing data tells compelling stories that increase research impact. It is important to know the audience and find the key story or message in the data. The type of visualization should be chosen based on the data, goals, and audience. Effective use of color, choosing the right visualization type, and understanding visual literacy principles are important for communicating with visualizations.
(1) This document provides information on Research Data Services for planning, managing, sharing, and publishing research data.
(2) It outlines resources for data management planning, software, and requirements, as well as training sessions and consultations available.
(3) Researchers can also share and publish data using SUNScholarData, the institutional research data repository, and should contact Samuel Simango for any data service inquiries or consultations.
This document provides guidance on principles of data visualization. It discusses why we visualize data, such as to communicate findings and inspire action. The visualization process involves getting and cleaning data, setting goals, and choosing visual types based on the data and audience. Effective use of color, narrative, and networks are also covered. The document emphasizes knowing the audience to select the right visual type and story to engage them. Overall it provides a helpful overview of best practices for data visualization design and communication.
The document discusses various techniques for visualizing data, from basic charts to approaches for big data. It covers common basic chart types like line graphs, bar charts, scatter plots, and pie charts. For big data, it addresses challenges like large data volumes, different data varieties, visualization velocity, and filtering. The document recommends understanding your data and goals to select the best visualizations, and introduces SAS Visual Analytics as a tool that performs automatic charting to help users visualize big data.
Overview of tools for data analysis and visualisation (2021)Marié Roux
This presentation gives a summary of important tools for data analysis and visualisation, for example to clean your data, do statistical analysis, visualisation application and programmes, qualitative analysis, GIS, temporal analysis, network analysis, etc.
This document discusses the importance of data fluency skills in the 21st century. It defines key terms like data science, machine learning, data literacy, and statistical literacy. While these fields require extensive training, the document argues that domain expertise combined with basic data analysis skills can solve many problems. These basic skills include understanding data structures, using programming to interact with data, and exploratory data analysis through visualization. The data analysis process involves defining problems, collecting and preparing data, visualization and modeling, and communicating results. RStudio is presented as a tool that can support the entire data analysis process within a single integrated development environment.
This presentation have the concept of Big data.
Why Big data is important to the present world.
How to visualize big data.
Steps for perfect visualization.
Visualization and design principle.
Also It had a number of visualization method for big data and traditional data.
Advantage of Visualization in Big Data
This document provides an introduction to data visualization. It discusses the importance of data visualization for clearly communicating complex ideas in reports and statements. The document outlines the data visualization process and different types of data and relationships that can be visualized, including quantitative and qualitative data. It also discusses various formats for visualizing data, with the goal of helping readers understand data visualization and how to create interactive visuals and analyze data.
This document discusses 5 limitations of spreadsheets for data analysis and visualization and provides alternatives:
1. Spreadsheets can't handle large, diverse datasets from multiple sources like databases and data warehouses. Integrating and analyzing all relevant data is important for accurate insights.
2. Complex calculations and macros can slow down spreadsheets, wasting time. Connecting to live data sources allows fast analysis of large datasets.
3. Blending and cleaning data from different sources is difficult in spreadsheets. Joining datasets on common fields provides a unified view.
4. Spreadsheets offer limited basic charts but advanced visualizations like maps and dashboards provide faster, more intuitive understanding.
5. Interactive dashboards with up
1Dr. LaMar D. Brown PhD, MBAExecutive MSITUnivEttaBenton28
1
Dr. LaMar D. Brown PhD, MBA
Executive MSIT
University of the Cumberlands
Course: 2019-SPR-IG-ITS530-21: 2019_SPR_IG_Analyzing and Visualizing Data_21
Chapter Readings Reflections Journal
Chapter 1: Defining Data Visualization
Summary
In Chapter 1, the author Mr. Kirk describes about the concept of Data Visualization. Data visualization was defined as the visual analysis and communication of data. The chapter also included the historical background survey definition of data visualization by various other authors.
Also, in the book was a set of fascinating recipes that of the components in that involve in the definition. The type of data that is required to be visually analyzed is important before it is being subjected to further processing before visualization.
Mr. Kirk also emphasized the significance of the art and science of making data analysis a fun filled technical and an analytical reading that encourages the use of human perception to make decisions in assistance of visual treats that come in the form of graphs, pie charts among others. The science of data visualization is defined with the implication of truth, evidence and rules that govern the process of visualizing a set of data that can be quintessential in determining the path of an enterprise or an organization.
Highlights:
Upon reading the chapter 1 in this book that was in depth into data visualization, I was able to grasp essential technical and analytical definitions and can say they are quiet telling in terms of the importance on the concept and visual representation of the definitions. The use of some of the citations was a key indicator that data visualization can be defined in various ways and can assist in technical improvements if used in way that is beneficial to all parties.
Ideas and thoughts:
The chapter was a thorough analysis of the concept. However, I was also keen on looking for live examples of visual tools or results of analysis inculcated in this defining place of the book. The big positive is the use of the concept of science and art that can be implemented in the day to day activities to introduce data visualization in any area and can help in making decisions that can set a trend for the growth of an organization. In terms of the course, it was a great read to write this review journal and can hopefully add a firm base to the things to come.
Application:
The concept of data visualization can be implemented in my current work environment. As an IT personnel, I deal with the network infrastructure and constantly come across large chunk of data that will need to be analyzed for its usage stats, bandwidth, performance and benefits of choosing the hardware or software accordingly. To best impact this, the monitoring tools such a s NetFlow helps us in verifying bandwidth over utilization or underutilization to perform a set of tasks before troubleshooting any related issues. Now, the concept of data visualization can be implemented here ...
DiscussionData Visualization and Geographic Information Systems.docxstelzriedemarla
Discussion
Data Visualization and Geographic Information Systems
As an IT manager, discuss how you would use the materials in Chapter 11 of your textbook communicating IT information to other department. Use APA throughout.
Please use APA throughout in your main post and responses to other posts. Review posting/discussion requirements.
Below are additional suggestions on how to respond to your classmates’ discussions:
· Ask a probing question, substantiated with additional background information, evidence or research.
· Share an insight from having read your colleagues’ postings, synthesizing the information to provide new perspectives.
· Offer and support an alternative perspective using readings from the classroom or from your own research.
· Validate an idea with your own experience and additional research.
· Make a suggestion based on additional evidence drawn from readings or after synthesizing multiple postings.
· Expand on your colleagues’ postings by providing additional insights or contrasting perspectives based on readings and evidence.
Reply to 2 class mates
class mate 1:
Visuals are obviously the best way our mind plots information. We rely upon visual prompts to oversee and process colossal extents of information. Information affirmation saddles the goals of examination and adds a visual show to benefit by how our brains work. Sharp introductions takes after with over-inconvenience inspiration driving control, and geospatial information examination are a few events of the varying ways to deal with oversee manage work with information. Information confirmation programming can be to a mind blowing degree phenomenal and bewildering, for instance, Deloitte's HIVE arrange. At the other continuum are contraptions with essential, point-and-snap interfaces that don't require a particular coding learning or major masterminding. Most non-information pro all around influenced instruments to have instinctual parts and can pull information from Google Docs, Excel spreadsheets, Access databases, and irrefutable sources that most directors work with starting at now.
In the key piece of this zone, the contemplation is on the advances that fall into the information examination class. Later pieces look at information change and information blend. Vendor packages everything thought about offer instruments more than one class. All around, uncovering contraptions demonstrate what has starting late happened in a business. Investigative instruments indicate what may or could happen later on. Events of perceptions are dials, diagrams, and plots, courses of occasions, geospatial maps and warmth maps. The tricolor warmth outlines cautions the watcher to manager zones most requiring thought. Visual introductions make it less requesting that individuals understand information and see takes after that offer reactions to business questions like "Which thing duties have the most lifted and scarcest net livelihoods in each area?" Interactivity ...
The document provides an overview and introduction to "The Analytics Setup Guidebook". It discusses how the guidebook aims to give readers a high-level framework for building a modern analytics setup by explaining the components and best practices for consolidating, transforming, modeling, and using data. The guidebook is intended for those who need guidance in setting up their first analytics stack, such as junior data analysts, product managers, or engineers tasked with building a data stack from scratch.
Big Data, Little Data, and Everything in Betweenxband
This white paper discusses how IBM SPSS solutions help organizations analyze both big data and smaller datasets to provide analytics to diverse users. It notes that while many organizations claim to have big data, analytics needs vary widely depending on the user and department. The paper advocates providing a unified analytics platform that can scale from small to large datasets and meet the needs of users with different skill levels. It also discusses trends toward predictive analytics and giving more users access to modeling tools to support data-driven decision making across organizations.
The Analytics Stack Guidebook (Holistics)Truong Bomi
Chapter 1: High-level Overview of an Analytics Setup
Chapter 2: Centralizing Data
Chapter 3: Data Modeling for Analytics
Chapter 4: Using Data
+++
Trích lời Huy - tác giả cuốn sách, co-founder & CTO của Holistics
+++
"Làm thế nào để thiết kế hệ thống BI stack phù hợp cho công ty mình?"
Có bao giờ bạn được công ty giao nhiệm vụ set up hệ thống BI/analytics stack cho công ty, rồi đến khi lên mạng google thì tá hoả vì mỗi bài viết, mỗi người bạn khác nhau lại khuyên bạn nên sử dụng một bộ công cụ/công nghệ khác nhau? ETL hay ELT, Hadoop hay BigQuery, Data Warehouse hay Data Lake, ...
Rồi bạn thắc mắc: Thiết kế một hệ thống analytics stack như thế nào là phù hợp với nhu cầu hiện tại của công ty mình? Làm thế nào để bắt đầu nhanh nhưng vẫn có thể scale được (mà không phải đập đi xây lại) khi nhu cầu dữ liệu tăng cao?
Thay vì chín người mười ý, bạn ước giá mà có 1 tấm bản đồ (map) có thể giúp bạn định vị được trong thế giới BI/analytics phức tạp này. Một tấm bản đồ cho bạn thấy các thành phần khác nhau của mỗi hệ thống BI là gì, lắp ráp nó lại như thế nào, và tradeoff giữa các cách tiếp cận khác nhau là sao.
Well, sau 2 tháng trời cực khổ thì team mình đã vẽ ra tấm bản đồ đó trong hình dạng một.. cuốn sách:
"The Analytics Setup Guidebook: How to build scalable analytics & BI stacks in modern cloud era."
Cuốn sách là một crash-course để bạn có thể trở thành một "part-time data architect", giúp bạn hiểu được rõ hơn về landscape analytics phức tạp hiện nay.
Sách giải thích high-level overview của một hệ thống analytics ntn, các thành phần tương tác với nhau ra sao, và đi sâu vào đủ chi tiết của những thành phần cũng như best practices cuả nó.
Cuốn sách được viết dành cho các bạn hơi technical được nhận nhiệm vụ phụ trách hệ thống analytics của công ty mình. Bạn có thể là một data analyst đang làm BI, software engineer được kêu qua hỗ trợ làm data engineering, hoặc đơn giản là 1 Product Manager đang thắc mắc sao quy trình data công ty mình chậm quá...
Cuốn sách cũng có những phần chia sẻ nâng cao như Data Modeling, BI evolution phù hợp với các bạn đã có kinh nghiệm làm BI lâu đời.
The document discusses how analytics have become more widely accessible but advanced analytics requiring sophisticated skills have remained out of reach for most employees. It introduces IBM Watson Analytics as a solution that simplifies analytics so more people can access insights without technical skills. Watson Analytics removes obstacles like data preparation, addresses the skills gap through an intuitive interface, and leverages the cloud to make powerful analytics available anywhere.
This document outlines the body of a 6-week online business analytics course covering topics like exploratory data analysis, big data, machine learning, and data problem-solving approaches. The course teaches students to understand business problems through interviewing and applying frameworks to hypotheses. It also covers collecting, analyzing, and visualizing data to identify patterns and insights, and using storytelling techniques to effectively present findings to stakeholders. The overall goal is to help students learn how to extract meaningful insights from data to help organizations make more informed strategic decisions.
Knowing how to use Tableau doesn’t mean you'll be able to design effective dashboards. If you want to create dashboards that deliver valuable insight, perform well, and have visual impact, you'll need to apply Data Visualization Best Practices.
In this webinar, you'll learn the science behind Data Visualization Best Practices. Cognitive psychology helps us understand how the human brain perceives information in a dashboard, and we'll teach you how to use this knowledge to optimize your designs.
what is ..how to process types and methods involved in data analysisData analysis ireland
Data analysis is the process of cleaning, transforming, and processing raw data in order to extract useful and actionable information that can assist businesses in making better decisions.
What is Data Visualization: A Comprehensive GuideLucy Zeniffer
What is Data Visualization: A Comprehensive Guide" offers a concise exploration of the fundamental concepts and techniques behind visualizing data. From charts and graphs to interactive dashboards, this guide illuminates how data visualization enhances understanding and decision-making across various domains. Dive into the art and science of transforming raw data into insightful visuals.
Data visualization refers to visually representing data through charts, graphs, and other images to more easily identify patterns and insights. It is an important tool for understanding data, communicating findings to others, and making informed decisions. Effective data visualization requires choosing the right type of visual based on the data, ensuring the data is accurate and from a reliable source, and using the visualization to tell a story or answer key questions. There are many tools available for creating data visualizations, from Excel and Google Sheets for basic charts to more advanced options like Tableau and Photoshop.
Barga, roger. predictive analytics with microsoft azure machine learningmaldonadojorge
This document provides an overview of a book on data science and Microsoft Azure Machine Learning. It contains front matter materials such as information about the authors, acknowledgments, and an introduction.
The introduction previews that the book will provide an overview of data science and an in-depth view of Microsoft Azure Machine Learning. It will also provide practical guidance for solving real-world business problems such as customer modeling, churn analysis, and product recommendation. The book is aimed at budding data scientists, business analysts, and developers and will teach the reader about data science processes and Microsoft Azure Machine Learning.
This document discusses techniques for data visualization, including the basics of common chart types like line graphs, bar charts, scatter plots, and pie charts. It then addresses additional challenges involved in visualizing big data, such as handling large data volumes, different data varieties, visualization velocity, and filtering big data. SAS Visual Analytics is introduced as a solution that uses autocharting and high-performance analytics to help users quickly visualize and explore huge amounts of data.
The document is a white paper on trends in financial planning and analysis (FP&A) authored by Tanbir Jasimuddin and Larysa Melnychuk. It discusses three key elements of effective FP&A storytelling: building a narrative to guide audiences through data, visualizing data to communicate insights, and leveraging digital tools for analytical transformation. It provides examples of using frameworks like Rappaport's value drivers and analytical pathways to structure narratives. It also emphasizes using data visualization over static tables and exploring data in real-time to answer questions.
Dashboards- Take a closer look at your dataNathan Watson
Dashboards present key business data in a visual format to help users identify important trends and metrics at a glance. Well-designed dashboards use preattentive visual cues like color, size, and position to help the brain process information quickly. Contemporary Analysis helps companies create intuitive dashboards that focus on presenting only the most essential data in a simple, easy to understand manner.
Visual Data Collection - Mike Morgan - REcon 18UX INXS
Mike Morgan presented a method called visual data collection for taking structured notes during user research. It involves creating visual guides with screenshots of prototypes and predefined annotation symbols to log participant actions and feedback. Data from multiple participants is aggregated into a tally sheet using visual connectors to identify patterns. The method aims to help researchers stay focused on goals and analyze data faster. Attendees watched a demo then tried annotating a prototype themselves to experience the benefits of visual structuring for note-taking.
Design and Data Processes Unified - 3rd Corner ViewJulian Jordan
In this presentation (given in early 2020) I explain that to build digital products, data analysts/scientists and designers need to leverage each other’s processes and work as a unit.
I introduce the problem solving approach of data analysts/scientists and designers as well as how to combine these approaches. Additionally, I explain how mental models and algorithms, while associated with design and data science, respectively, are similar ways to represent phenomena and questions about them.
How to foil the three villains of data visualization - Tableau Software EditionLee Feinberg
See how the Tragedy of Tables™, the Tyranny of Pie Charts™, and the Treachery of Averages™ cause confusion and mayhem. Learn practical tactics to defeat them and become a visualization hero. Excelsior!
1. The document discusses traits that are important for effective data analysis and visualization. It outlines traits like curiosity, critical thinking, understanding data, attention to detail, learning new technologies, and communicating results clearly.
2. Key traits of meaningful data that enable useful analysis are discussed, such as high volume, being historical, consistent, multivariate, atomic, clean, and dimensionally structured.
3. Visual perception and how the human brain interprets visuals is also covered. For effective data visualization, visuals must be designed based on principles of visual perception so that insights can be easily understood.
Your One-Stop Shop for Python Success: Top 10 US Python Development Providersakankshawande
Simplify your search for a reliable Python development partner! This list presents the top 10 trusted US providers offering comprehensive Python development services, ensuring your project's success from conception to completion.
This document discusses 5 limitations of spreadsheets for data analysis and visualization and provides alternatives:
1. Spreadsheets can't handle large, diverse datasets from multiple sources like databases and data warehouses. Integrating and analyzing all relevant data is important for accurate insights.
2. Complex calculations and macros can slow down spreadsheets, wasting time. Connecting to live data sources allows fast analysis of large datasets.
3. Blending and cleaning data from different sources is difficult in spreadsheets. Joining datasets on common fields provides a unified view.
4. Spreadsheets offer limited basic charts but advanced visualizations like maps and dashboards provide faster, more intuitive understanding.
5. Interactive dashboards with up
1Dr. LaMar D. Brown PhD, MBAExecutive MSITUnivEttaBenton28
1
Dr. LaMar D. Brown PhD, MBA
Executive MSIT
University of the Cumberlands
Course: 2019-SPR-IG-ITS530-21: 2019_SPR_IG_Analyzing and Visualizing Data_21
Chapter Readings Reflections Journal
Chapter 1: Defining Data Visualization
Summary
In Chapter 1, the author Mr. Kirk describes about the concept of Data Visualization. Data visualization was defined as the visual analysis and communication of data. The chapter also included the historical background survey definition of data visualization by various other authors.
Also, in the book was a set of fascinating recipes that of the components in that involve in the definition. The type of data that is required to be visually analyzed is important before it is being subjected to further processing before visualization.
Mr. Kirk also emphasized the significance of the art and science of making data analysis a fun filled technical and an analytical reading that encourages the use of human perception to make decisions in assistance of visual treats that come in the form of graphs, pie charts among others. The science of data visualization is defined with the implication of truth, evidence and rules that govern the process of visualizing a set of data that can be quintessential in determining the path of an enterprise or an organization.
Highlights:
Upon reading the chapter 1 in this book that was in depth into data visualization, I was able to grasp essential technical and analytical definitions and can say they are quiet telling in terms of the importance on the concept and visual representation of the definitions. The use of some of the citations was a key indicator that data visualization can be defined in various ways and can assist in technical improvements if used in way that is beneficial to all parties.
Ideas and thoughts:
The chapter was a thorough analysis of the concept. However, I was also keen on looking for live examples of visual tools or results of analysis inculcated in this defining place of the book. The big positive is the use of the concept of science and art that can be implemented in the day to day activities to introduce data visualization in any area and can help in making decisions that can set a trend for the growth of an organization. In terms of the course, it was a great read to write this review journal and can hopefully add a firm base to the things to come.
Application:
The concept of data visualization can be implemented in my current work environment. As an IT personnel, I deal with the network infrastructure and constantly come across large chunk of data that will need to be analyzed for its usage stats, bandwidth, performance and benefits of choosing the hardware or software accordingly. To best impact this, the monitoring tools such a s NetFlow helps us in verifying bandwidth over utilization or underutilization to perform a set of tasks before troubleshooting any related issues. Now, the concept of data visualization can be implemented here ...
DiscussionData Visualization and Geographic Information Systems.docxstelzriedemarla
Discussion
Data Visualization and Geographic Information Systems
As an IT manager, discuss how you would use the materials in Chapter 11 of your textbook communicating IT information to other department. Use APA throughout.
Please use APA throughout in your main post and responses to other posts. Review posting/discussion requirements.
Below are additional suggestions on how to respond to your classmates’ discussions:
· Ask a probing question, substantiated with additional background information, evidence or research.
· Share an insight from having read your colleagues’ postings, synthesizing the information to provide new perspectives.
· Offer and support an alternative perspective using readings from the classroom or from your own research.
· Validate an idea with your own experience and additional research.
· Make a suggestion based on additional evidence drawn from readings or after synthesizing multiple postings.
· Expand on your colleagues’ postings by providing additional insights or contrasting perspectives based on readings and evidence.
Reply to 2 class mates
class mate 1:
Visuals are obviously the best way our mind plots information. We rely upon visual prompts to oversee and process colossal extents of information. Information affirmation saddles the goals of examination and adds a visual show to benefit by how our brains work. Sharp introductions takes after with over-inconvenience inspiration driving control, and geospatial information examination are a few events of the varying ways to deal with oversee manage work with information. Information confirmation programming can be to a mind blowing degree phenomenal and bewildering, for instance, Deloitte's HIVE arrange. At the other continuum are contraptions with essential, point-and-snap interfaces that don't require a particular coding learning or major masterminding. Most non-information pro all around influenced instruments to have instinctual parts and can pull information from Google Docs, Excel spreadsheets, Access databases, and irrefutable sources that most directors work with starting at now.
In the key piece of this zone, the contemplation is on the advances that fall into the information examination class. Later pieces look at information change and information blend. Vendor packages everything thought about offer instruments more than one class. All around, uncovering contraptions demonstrate what has starting late happened in a business. Investigative instruments indicate what may or could happen later on. Events of perceptions are dials, diagrams, and plots, courses of occasions, geospatial maps and warmth maps. The tricolor warmth outlines cautions the watcher to manager zones most requiring thought. Visual introductions make it less requesting that individuals understand information and see takes after that offer reactions to business questions like "Which thing duties have the most lifted and scarcest net livelihoods in each area?" Interactivity ...
The document provides an overview and introduction to "The Analytics Setup Guidebook". It discusses how the guidebook aims to give readers a high-level framework for building a modern analytics setup by explaining the components and best practices for consolidating, transforming, modeling, and using data. The guidebook is intended for those who need guidance in setting up their first analytics stack, such as junior data analysts, product managers, or engineers tasked with building a data stack from scratch.
Big Data, Little Data, and Everything in Betweenxband
This white paper discusses how IBM SPSS solutions help organizations analyze both big data and smaller datasets to provide analytics to diverse users. It notes that while many organizations claim to have big data, analytics needs vary widely depending on the user and department. The paper advocates providing a unified analytics platform that can scale from small to large datasets and meet the needs of users with different skill levels. It also discusses trends toward predictive analytics and giving more users access to modeling tools to support data-driven decision making across organizations.
The Analytics Stack Guidebook (Holistics)Truong Bomi
Chapter 1: High-level Overview of an Analytics Setup
Chapter 2: Centralizing Data
Chapter 3: Data Modeling for Analytics
Chapter 4: Using Data
+++
Trích lời Huy - tác giả cuốn sách, co-founder & CTO của Holistics
+++
"Làm thế nào để thiết kế hệ thống BI stack phù hợp cho công ty mình?"
Có bao giờ bạn được công ty giao nhiệm vụ set up hệ thống BI/analytics stack cho công ty, rồi đến khi lên mạng google thì tá hoả vì mỗi bài viết, mỗi người bạn khác nhau lại khuyên bạn nên sử dụng một bộ công cụ/công nghệ khác nhau? ETL hay ELT, Hadoop hay BigQuery, Data Warehouse hay Data Lake, ...
Rồi bạn thắc mắc: Thiết kế một hệ thống analytics stack như thế nào là phù hợp với nhu cầu hiện tại của công ty mình? Làm thế nào để bắt đầu nhanh nhưng vẫn có thể scale được (mà không phải đập đi xây lại) khi nhu cầu dữ liệu tăng cao?
Thay vì chín người mười ý, bạn ước giá mà có 1 tấm bản đồ (map) có thể giúp bạn định vị được trong thế giới BI/analytics phức tạp này. Một tấm bản đồ cho bạn thấy các thành phần khác nhau của mỗi hệ thống BI là gì, lắp ráp nó lại như thế nào, và tradeoff giữa các cách tiếp cận khác nhau là sao.
Well, sau 2 tháng trời cực khổ thì team mình đã vẽ ra tấm bản đồ đó trong hình dạng một.. cuốn sách:
"The Analytics Setup Guidebook: How to build scalable analytics & BI stacks in modern cloud era."
Cuốn sách là một crash-course để bạn có thể trở thành một "part-time data architect", giúp bạn hiểu được rõ hơn về landscape analytics phức tạp hiện nay.
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How to foil the three villains of data visualization - Tableau Software EditionLee Feinberg
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UiPath integration with generative AI
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1. Principles of Data Visualization -
What We See in a Visual
White Paper
FusionCharts
FusionCharts
2. Table of Contents
Why We Visualize Data ............................................................................................................................................................ 3
The Importance of Visualizations in Business ................................................................................................... ............ 3
Two Goals in Data Visualization ........................................................................................................................................... 4
Explain Data to Solve Specific Problems .................................................................................................................... 4
Explore Large Data Sets for Better Understanding ................................................................................................. 5
Eyesight and Memory Working in Parallel ....................................................................................................................... 6
The Role of Memory in Vision ........................................................................................................... ............................. 7
Preattentive Attributes Used by Our Working Memory .............................................................................................. 8
Forming Analytical Patterns Out of Preattentive Attributes ...................................................................................... 9
Using the Gestalt Principles to Bring Out Patterns in Visualizations ..................................................................... 11
An Example from Recorded Future ........................................................................................................ .......................... 12
Gestalt Principles ........................................................................................................... ......................................................... 13
Preattentive Attributes ........................................................................................................... .............................................. 14
Conclusion ........................................................................................................... ..................................................................... 14
About FusionCharts ........................................................................................................... .................................................... 15
FusionCharts 2
Principles of Data Visualization - What We See in a Visual
3. Why We Visualize Data
We visualize information to meet a very basic need - to tell a story. It’s one of the most primitive forms
of communication known to man, having its origins in cave drawings dated as early as 30,000 B.C., even
before written communication, which emerged in 3,000 B.C. Vision is the single most important faculty
we use to communicate information.
With the passing of time, we’ve found new ways to visualize information. Today, we’re familiar with the
basic chart types like the line chart, bar chart, and pie chart. However, we rarely stop to think about
why they’re more effective than bland tables, text, and numbers. Further, we can’t easily spot instances
when they’re done wrong, and can be improved. This white paper aims to give you a foundational
understanding of how we process visual information. You’ll be able to use this knowledge when de-
signing your next dashboard, and have an informed opinion on how to communicate even more clearly
and powerfully using visualizations. Even if you don’t design visualizations yourself, these principles
will equip you with skills to better analyze visualizations you come across in the newspapers, or in your
daily work reports. Let’s start with an understanding of why data visualizations are so important in a
business context today.
The Importance of Visualizations in Business
A visual can communicate more information than a table in a much smaller space. This trait of visuals
makes them more effective than tables for presenting data. For example, notice the table below, and
try to spot the month with the highest sales.
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun
Sales 45 56 36 58 75 62
This data when visualized gives you the same information in a second or two.
www.fusioncharts.comFusionCharts | www.fusioncharts.com 5FusionCharts 3
Principles of Data Visualization - What We See in a Visual
4. Edward Tufte, a data visualization expert, says‘Graphical excellence is that which gives to the viewer
the greatest number of ideas in the shortest time with the least ink in the smallest space.’This trait of
visualizations is what makes them vital to businesses.
Two Goals in Data Visualization
In a business environment, visualizations can have two broad goals, which sometimes overlap.
Explanatory
Exploratory
Explain Data to Solve Specific Problems
Visuals that are meant to direct the viewer along a defined path are explanatory in nature. The bulk of
business dashboards that we come across in day-to-day scenarios fall in this category.
Here, the viewer starts with a question in mind. For example,‘which country has the highest value?’.
She then views the visualization, and finds an answer to the question.
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Principles of Data Visualization - What We See in a Visual
5. This type of visualization is used in many scenarios for the following tasks:
Explore Large Data Sets for Better Understanding
Exploratory visuals offer the viewer many dimensions to a data set, or compares multiple data sets with
each other. They invite the viewer to explore the visual, ask questions along the way, and find answers to
those questions. For example, below is a visualization of the State of the Union address of recent Presi-
dents.[1]
Here, the viewer starts by familiarizing herself with the visualization, then identifies an area of interest.
For example, which President spoke more about jobs? She then explores the‘Jobs’section of the visuali-
zation, and finds her answer. She could then move on to exploring other areas of the visualization.
Answer a question. E.g., How much sales did we have last quarter?
Support a decision. E.g., We need to stock more football jerseys as they were sold out on
most days last week
Communicate information. E.g., Revenue is on track for this quarter
Increase efficiency. E.g.,‘Technical specifications’is the most viewed section in the product
page. It should be given more visibility.
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Principles of Data Visualization - What We See in a Visual
6. Exploratory analysis can be cyclical without a specific end point. Viewers can find many insights from a
single visualization, and interact with it to gain understanding rather than make a specific decision. This
type of visualization can accomplish the following tasks:
Pose new questions
Explore and discover
Though they’re not as popular as the previous category, exploratory visualizations have gained promi-
nence in recent years with the rise of big data. The high volume of data, and varied data sets that have
become common today lend themselves easily to exploratory analysis.
Now that we’re aware of what makes visualizations intrinsic to business, let’s dive into the mechanics of
how we process visual information. We’ll understand the role of memory in perceiving visual information,
and how to apply that understanding as we work with visualizations.
Eyesight and Memory Working in Parallel
If you’re familiar with big data terminology you would have come across the term‘massively parallel
processing’(MPP), as most commonly seen in MapReduce technology that powers Hadoop. It breaks data
down into small units, and processes each of the units in parallel. A similar process has always been used
by us to process information with our vision as well. When we look at a visual, our eyes and our brain
work in parallel to take in new information, and break it into small chunks. Then both the eyes and the
brain process the chunks in parallel to find meaning. Let’s look at an example to better understand this.
Let’s say we walk into a supermarket to buy oranges. Our eyes first scan the layout of the supermarket.
At the same time, our brain processes the various sections of the layout, and instructs the eyes to zone
in on the fruits section. It does this by sending signals about how fruits look from memory. The eyes then
break the entire scanned area into parts, and scans each part to spot the fruits section. The same process
is repeated till we zero in on the oranges in the fruits section. This process of visualizing information is
performed by the eyes and memory working in parallel.
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Principles of Data Visualization - What We See in a Visual
7. The Role of Memory in Vision
While that’s an overview of how we process visual information, let’s discuss the vital role of memory in
our vision. There are two types of memory that come into play when we process visual information.
Long-term memory
Working memory
Long-term Memory
This type of memory is what makes us always expect the units to be marked off on the X and Y axes
of a chart, or the date range selector at the top of a dashboard. This type of memory is formed by past
interactions and experiences. It needs to be considered when designing the layout of a dashboard or
visualization. There should be good reason to go contrary to long-term memory when deciding the basic
structure of a dashboard or visualization. A discussion of long-term memory is out of the scope of this
white paper. Instead, we’ll focus on the other type - working memory.
Working Memory
When we look at a line chart, or notice a number in a dashboard, we use our working memory to store
just the information we need at the moment. This type of memory breaks the entire visual into small
chunks of information, in a process appropriately called‘chunking.’Surprisingly, for all the complexity of
our brain, our working memory can hold only about 3 chunks of information at any given time. When
perceiving a complex visual, we’re constantly replacing the 3 available slots in our working memory.
This is why when designing a visual or a dashboard, one of our goals is to limit the number of prominent
chunks of information that we want the user to notice, and pack as much information as possible into
each chunk. While we want to avoid information overload, a sound understanding of this concept can
help us direct the attention of the viewer in a natural way.
Next, Let’s discuss working memory in depth. Just as any language has alphabets, which are combined to
form words, the language of data visualization consists of certain basic building blocks called preatten-
tive attributes.
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Principles of Data Visualization - What We See in a Visual
8. Preattentive Attributes Used by Our Working
Memory
Colin Ware, Director of the Data Visualization Research Lab at the University of New Hampshire, terms
the basic building blocks of the visualization process as‘Preattentive attributes.’These attributes are what
immediately catch our eye when we look at a visualization. They can be perceived in less than 10 millisec-
onds, even before we make a conscious effort to notice them. Here’s a list of the preattentive attributes:
These attributes come into play when we analyze any visualization. Of this list, only Position, and Length
can used to perceive quantitative data with precision. The other attributes are useful for perceiving other
types of data such as categorical, or relational data. For example, both the pie chart and the bar chart be-
low show the same data. But you can’t easily tell from the pie chart which is the biggest pie. That’s more
clearly visible in the bar chart as it calls on the preattentive attribute of length.
Form
Color Spatial Position
Orientation Line Length Line Width Size
Shape Curvature Added Marks Enclosure
Intensity Hue 2-D Position
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Principles of Data Visualization - What We See in a Visual
9. Considering preattentive attributes can help when deciding which chart type to use for our data. While
preattentive attributes are what we immediately identify in a visual, they aren’t the only things we notice.
We go on to form patterns out of the preattentive attributes.
Forming Analytical Patterns Out of Preatten-
tive Attributes
If preattentive attributes are the alphabets of visual language, analytical patterns are the words we form
using them. We immediately identify the preattentive attributes in a visualization. We then combine the
preattentive attributes to seek out analytical patterns in the visual. Here are the basic analytical patterns
that we identify when looking at a visual:
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Principles of Data Visualization - What We See in a Visual
10. These patterns are an intrinsic part of our vision, and are frequently used when we analyze and describe
a chart. However, as a word of caution, we are hard-wired to look for patterns in any visual information
we notice. Sometimes we do this even when there isn’t an apparent connection or pattern in the visual.
We’ve seen how preattentive attributes and patterns enable us to process visual information. However,
when crafting visualizations we often want to highlight certain patterns over others. In these cases, Ge-
stalt’s Principles come in handy.
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Principles of Data Visualization - What We See in a Visual
11. Using the Gestalt Principles to Bring Out
Patterns in Visualizations
Gestalt principles describe how our mind organizes individual elements into groups. We can use these
principles to highlight patterns that are important, and downplay other patterns. The image below
illustrates the principles of Gestalt which are relevant to visualization.
Here’s what we notice from each of the illustrations:
Proximity: We see three rows of dots instead of four columns of dots because they are closer
horizontally than vertically.
Similarity: We see similar looking objects as part of the same group.
Enclosure: We group the first four and and last four dots as two rows instead of eight dots.
Closure: We automatically close the square and circle instead of seeing three disconnected
paths.
Continuity: We see one continuous path instead of three arbitrary ones.
Connection: We group the connected dots as belonging to the same group.
Symmetry: We see three pairs of symmetrical brackets rather than six individual brackets.
Figure & ground: We either notice the two faces, or the vase. Whichever we notice becomes
the figure, and the other the ground
Proximity
Closure Continuity Connection Figure & ground
Similarity Enclosure Symmetry
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Principles of Data Visualization - What We See in a Visual
12. These principles can help us perform many tasks such as reduce the noise from charts, choose the ideal
aspect ratio, and show relationships between elements more clearly. The Gestalt principles are a power-
ful tool to have when crafting visualizations.
Now that we have a good understanding of how visualizations work, let’s apply these concepts to a real-
world example.
An Example from Recorded Future
We’ll consider the following visualization from Recorded Future, a web intelligence company.[2]
This
visualization compares the mentions of Apple, Google, and Microsoft across the web. The data here is
forward-looking, and considers only mentions related to the next five years.
This visualization features two chart types - An area chart, which is grayed out in the background, and a
bubble chart, which is color-coded in the foreground. Let’s analyze this simple visualization, and identify
which elements from this white paper it uses.
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Principles of Data Visualization - What We See in a Visual
13. Gestalt Principles
Figure & ground
The first thing you notice when looking at this visualization is that the bubbles stand out against the
backdrop of the area charts. This shows the Gestalt principle of figure & ground.
Proximity
Zoning in on the bubbles shows 3 distinct groups of bubbles. We can identify this easily because of
how close the bubbles are to each other.
Similarity
Further, we notice that the bubbles are of three colors - green, purple, and blue. This similarity brings
out the grouping even more clearly.
Analytical Patterns
Going up, going down, remaining flat
This pattern is most visible in the area chart. We notice that the overall trend for Apple is upward, while
Google’s Microsoft’s stays flat.
Wide, narrow
There are many peaks along the area chart, but one of them for Microsoft is particularly noticeable in
Jan 2015. This peak is narrower than the other peaks.
Tightly, loosely distributed
We notice the loose distribution of bubbles for all three companies around 2018 and 2019.
Normal, abnormal
Zoning in on the bubbles for Microsoft, we notice an outlier for Microsoft in mid-2015. The other bub-
bles fall within a more normal range.
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Principles of Data Visualization - What We See in a Visual
14. Preattentive Attributes
Spatial position
We use the preattentive attribute of position to track the rise and fall of the area chart. Similarly, we
notice the abnormal bubble in Microsoft’s chart because of it’s higher position compared to the other
bubbles.
Size / Area
The bubbles vary in size. Their size corresponds to the number of web mentions for a particular topic.
This makes it easy to spot the important mentions, and explore them in detail.
Hue / Color
As mentioned earlier, the color of the bubbles makes it easy to classify them into three groups. This em-
ploys the preattentive attribute of Hue.
Intensity
Finally, the low intensity of the area chart places it in the background, giving priority to the bubbles.
Being aware of the preattentive attributes, analytical patterns, and Gestalt Principles can make a visual
come alive to us. Considering we analyze visual information on a daily basis, and how important it is to
business, it pays to know how visualizations work.
Conclusion
In this white paper, we dissected the process of visual perception. First, we saw that all visualizations
have a goal - explanatory, or exploratory. Second, preattentive attributes are the basic building blocks of
a visualization, and are identified by us almost immediately. Third, preattentive attributes lead us to spot
patterns in a visual. Finally, when crafting visualizations we could use the Gestalt Principles to prioritize
important patterns, and downplay the noisy ones.
In conclusion, it’s obvious that we are naturally hard-wired to visualize information in a certain way. Un-
derstanding those basic principles of data visualization will help us craft outstanding visualizations, and
tell compelling stories, much to the delight our colleagues, and end users.
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Principles of Data Visualization - What We See in a Visual
15. About FusionCharts
FusionCharts Suite XT is the industry’s leading enterprise-grade charting component with delightful
JavaScript (HTML5) charts that work across devices and browsers (including IE 6, 7 and 8). Using it, you
can create your first chart in under 15 minutes and then add advanced reporting capabilities like drill-
down and zoom in a couple of hours after that. It comes with extensive docs, demos and personalized
tech support that makes sure implementation is a breeze for you.
22,000 customers and 500,000 developers in 120 countries including organizations like NASA, Micro-
soft, Cisco, GE, AT&T and World Bank use FusionCharts Suite XT to go from data to delight in minutes.
Learn more about how you can add delight to your products at www.fusioncharts.com
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Principles of Data Visualization - What We See in a Visual
16. Reference:
1. The Washington Post. History Through the President’s Words [1]
2. Recorded Future. Apple, Google, and Microsoft during the next five years [2]
Further Reading:
1. Tufte, Edward. (2001). The Visual Display of Quantitative Information, 2nd Edition. Graphics
2. Press.Ware, Colin. (2008). Visual Thinking. Morgan Kaufmann.
3. Ware, Colin. (2012). Information Visualization, 3rd Edition. Morgan Kaufmann.
4. Few, Stephen. (2009). Now You See It: Simple Visualization Techniques for Quantitative Analysis. Analytics Press.
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