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Frontiers of Engineering Education
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- 18. f(x) = ax2+ bx + c 1+ =3
- 19. f(x) = ax2+ bx + c 1+ =3
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- 21. f(x) = ax2+ bx + c 1+ =3
- 22. Why do we needto know this, man? f(x) = ax2 + bx + c 1+ =3
- 23. Why do we needto know this, man? Details
- 24. Big Picture Why dowe need to know this, man? Details
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- 59. T thinking that reshapes whatwe are doing while we are doing it
- 60. thinking that reshapes whatwe are doing while we are doing it K ways of knowing
- 61. D ways of doing thinking thatreshapes what we are doing while we are doing it ways of knowing
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- 77. d = +0.28
- 78. d = +0.28
- 79. d = +0.91
- 80. d = +0.91
- 81. We value whatwe can measure —Don Norman
- 82. We^value what wecan measure
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- 92. E B C F D A ©2005, 2008 DavidWilliamson Shaffer
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- 94. B C D A F E ©2005, 2008 DavidWilliamson Shaffer
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- 97. C A B ©2005, 2008 DavidWilliamson Shaffer
- 98. C F A B ©2005, 2008 DavidWilliamson Shaffer
- 99. C F D A B ©2005, 2008 DavidWilliamson Shaffer
- 100. C F D A B E ©2005, 2008 DavidWilliamson Shaffer
- 101. C F D A B E ©2005, 2008 DavidWilliamson Shaffer
- 102. C F D A B E ©2005, 2008 DavidWilliamson Shaffer
- 103. C F D A B E ©2005, 2008 DavidWilliamson Shaffer
- 104. C F D A B E ©2005, 2008 DavidWilliamson Shaffer
- 105. C F D A B E ©2005, 2008 DavidWilliamson Shaffer
- 106. C F D A B E ©2005, 2008 DavidWilliamson Shaffer
- 107. C F D Epistemology of Design B E ©2005,2008 David Williamson Shaffer
- 108. C Skill of DataAnalysis D Epistemology of Design B E ©2005, 2008 David Williamson Shaffer
- 109. C Skill of DataAnalysis D Valuing the Client Epistemology of Design E ©2005, 2008 David Williamson Shaffer
- 110. Identity as Engineer Skillof Data Analysis Knowledge of Materials Valuing the Client Epistemology of Design Skill of Compromising ©2005, 2008 David Williamson Shaffer
- 111. Identity as Engineer Skillof Data Analysis Knowledge of Materials Valuing the Client Epistemology of Design Skill of Compromising ©2005, 2008 David Williamson Shaffer
- 112. Identity as Engineer Skillof Data Analysis Knowledge of Materials Valuing the Client Epistemology of Design Skill of Compromising ©2005, 2008 David Williamson Shaffer
- 113. Identity as Engineer Experienced Engineers Skillof Data Analysis Knowledge of Materials Valuing the Client Epistemology of Design Skill of Compromising ©2005, 2008 David Williamson Shaffer
- 114. Identity as Engineer Experienced Engineers Skillof Data Analysis First-year Students Knowledge of Materials Valuing the Client Epistemology of Design Skill of Compromising ©2005, 2008 David Williamson Shaffer
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- 120. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 E6 V4 S5 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 I2 K1K2K3 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1
- 121. Epistemology of Design 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 E6V4 S5 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 I2 K1K2K3 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1
- 122. Value of Client 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 E6V4 S5 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 I2 K1K2K3 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1
- 123. Skill of DataAnalysis 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 E6 V4 S5 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 I2 K1K2K3 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1
- 124. Codes by Utterance E6V4 S5 I2 K1K2K3 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 5 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 7 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 8 0 0 0 1 0 0 1
- 125. Codes by Utterance E6V4 S5 I2 K1K2K3 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 5 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 7 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 8 0 0 0 1 0 0 1
- 126. Codes by Utterance E6V4 S5 I2 K1K2K3 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 5 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 7 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 8 0 0 0 1 0 0 1
- 127. Stanza Codes by Utterance E6V4 S5 I2 K1K2K3 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 5 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 7 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 8 0 0 0 1 0 0 1
- 128. Stanza B F D A E C Codes by Utterance E6V4 S5 I2 K1K2K3 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 5 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 7 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 8 0 0 0 1 0 0 1
- 129. Stanza Codes by Stanza E6V4 S5 I2 K1K2K3 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 Codes by Utterance E6 V4 S5 I2 K1K2K3 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 5 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 7 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 8 0 0 0 1 0 0 1
- 130. Stanza Codes by Stanza E6V4 S5 I2 K1K2K3 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 Codes by Utterance E6 V4 S5 I2 K1K2K3 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 5 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 7 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 8 0 0 0 1 0 0 1
- 131. Stanza Codes by Stanza E6V4 S5 I2 K1K2K3 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 Codes by Utterance E6 V4 S5 I2 K1K2K3 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 5 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 7 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 8 0 0 0 1 0 0 1
- 132. Stanza Codes by Stanza E6V4 S5 I2 K1K2K3 1 0 1 0 1 0 0
- 133. Stanza E6 V4 S5 Codes by Stanza E6V4 S5 I2 K1K2K3 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 K1 I2 K3
- 134. Stanza E6 V4 S5 Codes by Stanza E6V4 S5 I2 K1K2K3 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 K1 I2 K3
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- 153. d = +0.28
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- 173. G C ames can create ulturesof thinking
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- 191. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 E6 V4 S5 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 I2 K1K2K3 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1
- 192. Epistemology of Design 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 E6V4 S5 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 I2 K1K2K3 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1
- 193. Value of Client 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 E6V4 S5 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 I2 K1K2K3 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1
- 194. Skill of DataAnalysis 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 E6 V4 S5 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 I2 K1K2K3 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1
- 195. Semantic Coding AI CompleteProblem
- 196. Structural Functional LinguisticCodes Skills Knowledge Identity Values Epistemology
- 197. Structural Functional LinguisticCodes Domain codes Skills Knowledge Identity Values Epistemology
- 198. Domain codes Structural FunctionalLinguistic Codes
- 200. Domain codes Structural FunctionalLinguistic Codes Conjunctive Coding
- 201. Domain codes Structural FunctionalLinguistic Codes
- 202. Structural Functional LinguisticCodes Domain codes Value of Surfactants
- 203. Structural Functional LinguisticCodes Domain codes Value of Surfactants
- 204. Domain codes Structural FunctionalLinguistic Codes Engineering Identity
- 205. Domain codes Structural FunctionalLinguistic Codes Engineering Identity
- 206. Human Agreement withAutoCoder E and AC E/Data E/Design E/Clients E/Consultants V/Clients V/Consultants S/Data S/Design S/Professionalism S/Collaboration I/Engineer I/Intern K/Nanotech K/Surfactants K/Attributes K/Data K/Design K/Clients K/Materials K/Processes N1 and N2 E1 and E2 0.521463 0.64044 0.746846 0.764168 0.538768 0.493692 0.76369 0.801079 0.645465 0.694157 0.479239 0.921389 1 0.95827 0.981197 0.63988 0.728741 1 0.637786 0.364711 0.321308 0.479389 0.796759 0.566491 0.663687 0.663311 0.615417 0.466942 0.456452 0.666465 0.824869 0.816862 0.796759 0.965993 0.900837 0.784384 0.771417 0.945658 0.916048 0.811285 0.697609 0.54518 0.746846 0.853813 0.663311 0.663311 0.940922 0.728728 0.72107 0.888954 0.560584 0.853813 1 0.919605 0.990646 0.869369 0.774949 1 0.984033 0.95827
- 208. Codes by Utterance E6V4 S5 I2 K1K2K3 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 5 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 7 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 8 0 0 0 1 0 0 1
- 209. Codes by Utterance E6V4 S5 I2 K1K2K3 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 5 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 7 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 8 0 0 0 1 0 0 1
- 210. Codes by Utterance E6V4 S5 I2 K1K2K3 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 5 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 7 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 8 0 0 0 1 0 0 1
- 211. Codes by Utterance E6V4 S5 I2 K1K2K3 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 5 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 7 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 8 0 0 0 1 0 0 1
- 212. Stanza Codes by Utterance E6V4 S5 I2 K1K2K3 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 5 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 7 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 8 0 0 0 1 0 0 1
- 213. Stanza Codes by Stanza E6V4 S5 I2 K1K2K3 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 Codes by Utterance E6 V4 S5 I2 K1K2K3 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 5 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 7 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 8 0 0 0 1 0 0 1
- 214. Stanza Codes by Stanza E6V4 S5 I2 K1K2K3 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 Codes by Utterance E6 V4 S5 I2 K1K2K3 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 5 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 7 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 8 0 0 0 1 0 0 1
- 215. Stanza Codes by Stanza E6V4 S5 I2 K1K2K3 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 Codes by Utterance E6 V4 S5 I2 K1K2K3 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 5 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 7 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 8 0 0 0 1 0 0 1
- 216. Codes by Stanza E6V4 S5 I2 K1K2K3 1 0 1 0 1 0 0
- 217. Codes by Stanza E6V4 S5 I2 K1K2K3 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 Adjacency Matrix for the Stanza E6 V4 S5 I2 K1 K2 K3 E6 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 V4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 S5 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 I2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 K1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 K2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 K3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
- 218. Codes by Stanza E6V4 S5 I2 K1K2K3 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 Adjacency Matrix for the Stanza E6 V4 S5 I2 K1 K2 K3 E6 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 V4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 S5 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 I2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 K1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 K2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 K3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
- 219. Codes by Stanza E6V4 S5 I2 K1K2K3 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 Adjacency Matrix for the Stanza E6 V4 S5 I2 K1 K2 K3 E6 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 V4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 S5 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 I2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 K1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 K2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 K3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
- 220. Codes by Stanza E6V4 S5 I2 K1K2K3 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 Adjacency Matrix for the Stanza E6 V4 S5 I2 K1 K2 K3 E6 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 V4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 S5 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 I2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 K1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 K2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 K3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
- 221. Codes by Stanza E6V4 S5 I2 K1K2K3 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 Adjacency Matrix for the Stanza E6 V4 S5 I2 K1 K2 K3 E6 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 V4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 S5 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 I2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 K1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 K2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 K3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
- 222. Codes by Stanza E6V4 S5 I2 K1K2K3 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 Adjacency Matrix for the Stanza E6 V4 S5 I2 K1 K2 K3 E6 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 V4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 S5 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 I2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 K1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 K2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 K3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
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Editor's Notes
- #119 As we saw earlier, in Nephrotex, students communicate with their team members and their design advisor through an internal chat program.
- #120 We segment the chat data by utterance, everytime a person types something and hits send. And we code each utterance for epistemic engineering frame elements.
- #121 Every utterance was represented as a row in a matrix and each column is a code. The coding scheme was based on professional elements in the engineering epistemic frame using previous ethnographic studies and ABET criteria. For example,
- #122 This first code represents epistemology of design– every time a student is justifying a design decision.
- #123 This code represents valuing the client’s needs
- #124 And this code represents the skill of data analysis. There were actually 21 codes in this analysis but for the sake of explaining the ENA method I have selected a few as examples.
- #125 This utterance is coded for E6 and K1
- #126 This utterance is coded for K1 and K2
- #127 And this utterance is coded for E6, S5, and K1
- #128 Now we can segment the data further and decide that this set of utterances is a stanza. We make the argument that everything that occurs with in this collection of utterances is linked. The discourse is all about one topic. And then, we collapse over these stanzas and do a binary sum.
- #129 Now we can segment the data further and decide that this set of utterances is a stanza. We make the argument that everything that occurs with in this collection of utterances is linked. The discourse is all about one topic. And then, we collapse over these stanzas and do a binary sum.
- #130 So, if it occurs within the stanza, then it gets a 1 and if not then a 0.
- #131 So, if it occurs within the stanza, then it gets a 1 and if not then a 0.
- #132 So, if it occurs within the stanza, then it gets a 1 and if not then a 0.
- #133 So, if it occurs within the stanza, then it gets a 1 and if not then a 0.
- #134 So, if it occurs within the stanza, then it gets a 1 and if not then a 0.
- #135 So, if it occurs within the stanza, then it gets a 1 and if not then a 0.
- #136 So, if it occurs within the stanza, then it gets a 1 and if not then a 0.
- #137 So, if it occurs within the stanza, then it gets a 1 and if not then a 0.
- #190 As we saw earlier, in Nephrotex, students communicate with their team members and their design advisor through an internal chat program.
- #191 We segment the chat data by utterance, everytime a person types something and hits send. And we code each utterance for epistemic engineering frame elements.
- #192 Every utterance was represented as a row in a matrix and each column is a code. The coding scheme was based on professional elements in the engineering epistemic frame using previous ethnographic studies and ABET criteria. For example,
- #193 This first code represents epistemology of design– every time a student is justifying a design decision.
- #194 This code represents valuing the client’s needs
- #195 And this code represents the skill of data analysis. There were actually 21 codes in this analysis but for the sake of explaining the ENA method I have selected a few as examples.
- #209 So, let’s take a closer look at the data.
- #210 This utterance is coded for E6 and K1
- #211 This utterance is coded for K1 and K2
- #212 And this utterance is coded for E6, S5, and K1
- #213 Now we can segment the data further and decide that this set of utterances is a stanza. We make the argument that everything that occurs with in this collection of utterances is linked. The discourse is all about one topic. And then, we collapse over these stanzas and do a binary sum.
- #214 So, if it occurs within the stanza, then it gets a 1 and if not then a 0.
- #215 So, if it occurs within the stanza, then it gets a 1 and if not then a 0.
- #216 So, if it occurs within the stanza, then it gets a 1 and if not then a 0.
- #217 Let’s take this stanza as a example for the next step of the analysis. It was coded for three codes. We want to measure how players are making connections with elements and so we look at when the codes are occurring together.
- #218 The completed adjacency matrix for that stanza
- #219 The completed adjacency matrix for that stanza
- #220 The completed adjacency matrix for that stanza
- #221 The completed adjacency matrix for that stanza
- #222 The completed adjacency matrix for that stanza
- #223 The completed adjacency matrix for that stanza
- #224 The completed adjacency matrix for that stanza
- #225 The completed adjacency matrix for that stanza
- #226 The completed adjacency matrix for that stanza
- #227 The completed adjacency matrix for that stanza
- #229 The completed adjacency matrix for that stanza
- #230 The completed adjacency matrix for that stanza
- #231 The completed adjacency matrix for that stanza
- #232 The completed adjacency matrix for that stanza
- #233 The completed adjacency matrix for that stanza
- #235 The completed adjacency matrix for that stanza