from mendels time to the 1950s, what were the three model organism.pdf
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from mendel\'s time to the 1950s, what were the three model organisms used to study genetics Solution From mendel\'s time to the 1950s, what were the three model organisms used to study genetics Answer: From mendel\'s time to the 1950s, the three model organisms used to study genetics were Pea plant, Mice/Honey bee and The fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster..
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I have two statistics questions, I was wondering if you could answer.pdf
I have two statistics questions, I was wondering if you could answer and explain them to me:
Q1: The F distribution is a family of two-sided distributions characterized by the following
notation:
N(0,1)
N(1,1)
N(1,0)
None of the above.
Q2: The z distribution is a family of two-sided distributions characterized by the following
notation:
N(0,1)
N(1,1)
N(1,0)
None of the above.
Solution
Q1) none. F is represented by F and 2 degrees of freedom
Q2) N(0,1) is correct for Z distribution.
How does increased transcription (mutation in the G1-S- checkpoint p.pdf
How does increased transcription (mutation in the G1-S- checkpoint phase) help a virus?
Solution
Some the viruses have RNA as genetic material. So the translation is the main process for the
sythesis of protein molecules. Hence the increased transcription due to the muatation in the G1-S
checkpoint phase helps the virus to produce proetins that can infect the host. For RNA viruses
dierctly the m-RNA is translated and for DNA based Viruses first the transcription and
translation.Thus the m-RNA helps in constructiing the cell components of viruses using host cell..
How many different phases would a 4-PSK modulated signal with the fo.pdf
How many different phases would a 4-PSK modulated signal with the following constellation
diagram have? How many different phases would a 4-PSK modulated signal with the following
constellation diagram have?
Solution
Offset quadrature phase-shift keying (OQPSK) is a variant of phase-shift keying modulation
using 4 different values of the phase to transmit. It is sometimes called Staggered quadrature
phase-shift keying (SQPSK).
option a.
how to get pure culture from mix culture. Microbiologyhow to.pdf
how to get pure culture from mix culture. Microbiology
how to get pure culture from mix culture. Microbiology
how to get pure culture from mix culture. Microbiology
Solution
Pure culture is the population of cells or a single colony derived from a single ancestor.
Methods of isolation of pure culture from mixed culture:
1. Streak plate technique.
2. Spread plate technique
3. Pour plate technique..
File yuan.h#include iostream#include fstream#include .pdf
// File: yuan.h
#include
#include
#include
#include
using namespace std;
struct book
{
int ISBN;
string Author;
string Title;
string publisher;
int Quantity;
double price;
};
void choice1(book books[], int& size, int MAX_SIZE)
{
ifstream inFile;
inFile.open(\"inventory.txt\");
if (inFile.fail())
cout <<\"file could not open\"<> books[size].ISBN;
cout << \"Enter the author name: \";
cin >> books[size].Author;
cout << \"Enter the book tile: \";
cin >> books[size].Title;
cin.get();
cout << \"Enter the books quantity: \";
cin >> books[size].Quantity;
cout << \"Enter the book price: $\";
cin >> books[size].price;
size++;
cout << \"You have successfully inserted an entry.\" << endl;
}
}
void choice3(book books[], int& size)
{
if(size == 0)
cout << \"Array is empty. Read the data first.\" << endl;
else
{
int isbn;
cout << \"\ Enter the ISBN of the book: \";
cin >> isbn;
for(int i = 0; i < size; i++)
{
if(books[i].ISBN == isbn)
{
int j = i;
while(j < size - 1)
{
books[j] = books[j + 1];
j++;
}
size--;
break;
}
}
cout << \"You have successfully deleted an entry.\" << endl;
}
}
void choice4(book books[], int size)
{
if(size == 0)
cout << \"Array is empty. Read the data first.\" << endl;
else
{
int isbn;
int option;
int qty;
cout << \"\ Enter the ISBN of the book: \";
cin >> isbn;
cout << \"1. Increment\" << endl;
cout << \"2. Decrement\" << endl;
cout << \"3. Add New\" << endl;
cout << \"Enter your option: \";
cin >> option;
cout << \"Enter the quantity: \";
cin >> qty;
for(int i = 0; i < size; i++)
{
if(books[i].ISBN == isbn)
{
if(option == 1)
books[i].Quantity += qty;
else if(option == 2)
{
books[i].Quantity -= qty;
if(books[i].Quantity)
books[i].Quantity = 0;
}
else if(option == 3)
books[i].Quantity = qty;
break;
}
}
cout << \"You have successfully updated the array.\" << endl;
}
}
void choice5(book books[], int size)
{
for(int i = 1; i < size; i++)
{
book current = books[i];
int j = i;
while(j > 0 && (books[j - 1].Title).compare(current.Title) > 0)
{
books[j] = books[j - 1];
j--;
}
books[j] = current;
}
if(size != 0)
cout << \"You have successfully sorted the array.\" << endl;
else
cout << \"Array is empty. Read the data first.\" << endl;
}
void choice6(book books[], int size)
{
for(int i = 0; i < size; i++)
{
cout << endl;
cout << \"Book Number: \" << (i + 1) << endl;
cout << \"ISBN: \" << books[i].ISBN << endl;
cout << \"Author: \" << books[i].Author << endl;
cout << \"Title: \" << books[i].Title << endl;
cout << \"Quantity: \" << books[i].Quantity << endl;
cout << \"Price: $\" << books[i].price << endl;
}
if(size != 0)
cout << \"You have successfully printed the array.\" << endl;
else
cout << \"Array is empty. Read the file first.\" << endl;
}
void choice7(book books[], int size)
{
ofstream outFile;
outFile.open(\"finalData.dat\");
for(int i = 0; i < size; i++)
{
outFile << \"Book Number: \" << (i + 1) << endl;
outFile << \"ISBN: \" << books[i].ISBN << endl;
outFile << \"Author: \" << books[i].Author << endl;
outFile << \"Title: \" << books[i].T.
diastole; systole; atriaThe cardiac cycle refers to the rhythmic rel.pdf
diastole; systole; atriaThe cardiac cycle refers to the rhythmic relaxation (known as _______)
and contraction (known as _______) of the _______.systole; diastole; ventriclesdiastole; systole;
ventriclessystole; diastole; atria
diastole; systole; atria
Solution
The rhythmic relaxation of the heart during the cardiac cycle is called as diastole and contraction
is called as systole of the ventricles.
The cardiac cycle includes the sequence of relaxation diastole and phase of contraction systole. It
includes atrial and ventricular systole and diastole..
Discuss how human activities influence some aspect of its life ando.pdf
Discuss how human activities influence some aspect of its life and/or habitat in 2-3 sentences
(ex. destruction of reefs by boats, loss of habitat from pollution coral bleaching, overexploitation
of fish for aquarium trade).
Solution
The human activities influence some aspects of its life are some coral bleaching has a multitude
of uses as a construction tool it can be utilised for the production of lime kilns house foundations
and embankment of streets collecting coral and selling it as souvenirs or exporting it for sale in
the aquarium trade..
Early in my auditing career, I always wondered how do I know when .pdf
Early in my auditing career, I always wondered \'how do I know when I\'ve got enough evidence
to render an opinion?\' How might you answer this?
Solution
Objective:
The objective of the auditor is to plan and perform the audit to obtain appropriate audit evidence
that is sufficient to support the opinion expressed in the auditor\'s report.
Sufficient Appropriate Audit Evidence:
The auditor must plan and perform audit procedures to obtain sufficient appropriate audit
evidence to provide a reasonable basis for his or her opinion.
Sufficiency is the measure of the quantity of audit evidence. The quantity of audit evidence
needed is affected by the following:
Appropriateness is the measure of the quality of audit evidence, i.e., its relevance and reliability.
To be appropriate, audit evidence must be both relevant and reliable in providing support for the
conclusions on which the auditor\'s opinion is based..
Recommended
I have two statistics questions, I was wondering if you could answer.pdf
I have two statistics questions, I was wondering if you could answer and explain them to me:
Q1: The F distribution is a family of two-sided distributions characterized by the following
notation:
N(0,1)
N(1,1)
N(1,0)
None of the above.
Q2: The z distribution is a family of two-sided distributions characterized by the following
notation:
N(0,1)
N(1,1)
N(1,0)
None of the above.
Solution
Q1) none. F is represented by F and 2 degrees of freedom
Q2) N(0,1) is correct for Z distribution.
How does increased transcription (mutation in the G1-S- checkpoint p.pdf
How does increased transcription (mutation in the G1-S- checkpoint phase) help a virus?
Solution
Some the viruses have RNA as genetic material. So the translation is the main process for the
sythesis of protein molecules. Hence the increased transcription due to the muatation in the G1-S
checkpoint phase helps the virus to produce proetins that can infect the host. For RNA viruses
dierctly the m-RNA is translated and for DNA based Viruses first the transcription and
translation.Thus the m-RNA helps in constructiing the cell components of viruses using host cell..
How many different phases would a 4-PSK modulated signal with the fo.pdf
How many different phases would a 4-PSK modulated signal with the following constellation
diagram have? How many different phases would a 4-PSK modulated signal with the following
constellation diagram have?
Solution
Offset quadrature phase-shift keying (OQPSK) is a variant of phase-shift keying modulation
using 4 different values of the phase to transmit. It is sometimes called Staggered quadrature
phase-shift keying (SQPSK).
option a.
how to get pure culture from mix culture. Microbiologyhow to.pdf
how to get pure culture from mix culture. Microbiology
how to get pure culture from mix culture. Microbiology
how to get pure culture from mix culture. Microbiology
Solution
Pure culture is the population of cells or a single colony derived from a single ancestor.
Methods of isolation of pure culture from mixed culture:
1. Streak plate technique.
2. Spread plate technique
3. Pour plate technique..
File yuan.h#include iostream#include fstream#include .pdf
// File: yuan.h
#include
#include
#include
#include
using namespace std;
struct book
{
int ISBN;
string Author;
string Title;
string publisher;
int Quantity;
double price;
};
void choice1(book books[], int& size, int MAX_SIZE)
{
ifstream inFile;
inFile.open(\"inventory.txt\");
if (inFile.fail())
cout <<\"file could not open\"<> books[size].ISBN;
cout << \"Enter the author name: \";
cin >> books[size].Author;
cout << \"Enter the book tile: \";
cin >> books[size].Title;
cin.get();
cout << \"Enter the books quantity: \";
cin >> books[size].Quantity;
cout << \"Enter the book price: $\";
cin >> books[size].price;
size++;
cout << \"You have successfully inserted an entry.\" << endl;
}
}
void choice3(book books[], int& size)
{
if(size == 0)
cout << \"Array is empty. Read the data first.\" << endl;
else
{
int isbn;
cout << \"\ Enter the ISBN of the book: \";
cin >> isbn;
for(int i = 0; i < size; i++)
{
if(books[i].ISBN == isbn)
{
int j = i;
while(j < size - 1)
{
books[j] = books[j + 1];
j++;
}
size--;
break;
}
}
cout << \"You have successfully deleted an entry.\" << endl;
}
}
void choice4(book books[], int size)
{
if(size == 0)
cout << \"Array is empty. Read the data first.\" << endl;
else
{
int isbn;
int option;
int qty;
cout << \"\ Enter the ISBN of the book: \";
cin >> isbn;
cout << \"1. Increment\" << endl;
cout << \"2. Decrement\" << endl;
cout << \"3. Add New\" << endl;
cout << \"Enter your option: \";
cin >> option;
cout << \"Enter the quantity: \";
cin >> qty;
for(int i = 0; i < size; i++)
{
if(books[i].ISBN == isbn)
{
if(option == 1)
books[i].Quantity += qty;
else if(option == 2)
{
books[i].Quantity -= qty;
if(books[i].Quantity)
books[i].Quantity = 0;
}
else if(option == 3)
books[i].Quantity = qty;
break;
}
}
cout << \"You have successfully updated the array.\" << endl;
}
}
void choice5(book books[], int size)
{
for(int i = 1; i < size; i++)
{
book current = books[i];
int j = i;
while(j > 0 && (books[j - 1].Title).compare(current.Title) > 0)
{
books[j] = books[j - 1];
j--;
}
books[j] = current;
}
if(size != 0)
cout << \"You have successfully sorted the array.\" << endl;
else
cout << \"Array is empty. Read the data first.\" << endl;
}
void choice6(book books[], int size)
{
for(int i = 0; i < size; i++)
{
cout << endl;
cout << \"Book Number: \" << (i + 1) << endl;
cout << \"ISBN: \" << books[i].ISBN << endl;
cout << \"Author: \" << books[i].Author << endl;
cout << \"Title: \" << books[i].Title << endl;
cout << \"Quantity: \" << books[i].Quantity << endl;
cout << \"Price: $\" << books[i].price << endl;
}
if(size != 0)
cout << \"You have successfully printed the array.\" << endl;
else
cout << \"Array is empty. Read the file first.\" << endl;
}
void choice7(book books[], int size)
{
ofstream outFile;
outFile.open(\"finalData.dat\");
for(int i = 0; i < size; i++)
{
outFile << \"Book Number: \" << (i + 1) << endl;
outFile << \"ISBN: \" << books[i].ISBN << endl;
outFile << \"Author: \" << books[i].Author << endl;
outFile << \"Title: \" << books[i].T.
diastole; systole; atriaThe cardiac cycle refers to the rhythmic rel.pdf
diastole; systole; atriaThe cardiac cycle refers to the rhythmic relaxation (known as _______)
and contraction (known as _______) of the _______.systole; diastole; ventriclesdiastole; systole;
ventriclessystole; diastole; atria
diastole; systole; atria
Solution
The rhythmic relaxation of the heart during the cardiac cycle is called as diastole and contraction
is called as systole of the ventricles.
The cardiac cycle includes the sequence of relaxation diastole and phase of contraction systole. It
includes atrial and ventricular systole and diastole..
Discuss how human activities influence some aspect of its life ando.pdf
Discuss how human activities influence some aspect of its life and/or habitat in 2-3 sentences
(ex. destruction of reefs by boats, loss of habitat from pollution coral bleaching, overexploitation
of fish for aquarium trade).
Solution
The human activities influence some aspects of its life are some coral bleaching has a multitude
of uses as a construction tool it can be utilised for the production of lime kilns house foundations
and embankment of streets collecting coral and selling it as souvenirs or exporting it for sale in
the aquarium trade..
Early in my auditing career, I always wondered how do I know when .pdf
Early in my auditing career, I always wondered \'how do I know when I\'ve got enough evidence
to render an opinion?\' How might you answer this?
Solution
Objective:
The objective of the auditor is to plan and perform the audit to obtain appropriate audit evidence
that is sufficient to support the opinion expressed in the auditor\'s report.
Sufficient Appropriate Audit Evidence:
The auditor must plan and perform audit procedures to obtain sufficient appropriate audit
evidence to provide a reasonable basis for his or her opinion.
Sufficiency is the measure of the quantity of audit evidence. The quantity of audit evidence
needed is affected by the following:
Appropriateness is the measure of the quality of audit evidence, i.e., its relevance and reliability.
To be appropriate, audit evidence must be both relevant and reliable in providing support for the
conclusions on which the auditor\'s opinion is based..
Discus the development of the fraud examinerforensic accounting pro.pdf
Discus the development of the fraud examiner/forensic accounting profession since the 2001
Enron fraud. Discuss applicable standards and the core foundation of the profession.
Solution
Forensic accounting has been pivotal in the corporate agenda after the financial reporting
problems which took place in some companies around the world like Enron. These scandals
resulted in the loss of public trust and huge amounts of money. In order to avoid fraud and theft,
and to restore the badly needed public confidence, several companies took the step to improve
the infrastructure of their internal control and accounting systems drastically. It was this
development which increased the importance of accountants who have chosen to specialize in
forensic accounting and who are consequently referred as “forensic accountants.”
Forensic accounting relies on the fraud triangle to identify weak points in the business systems
and find possible suspects in cases of fraud. It consists of three core concepts which together
create a situation ripe for fraud: incentive, opportunity, and rationalization. People must have the
incentive and opportunity to commit financial fraud, as well as the ability to justify it. Recent
analysis has suggested adding a fourth concept to make a diamond—capability. Just because
someone has the opportunity or incentive to steal does not necessarily mean that they have the
capability to do so. For example, if someone does not understand how to make journal or ledger
entries in the books of accounts, they would not know how to manipulate numbers no matter
what the incentive or opportunity is.
The accounting scandals involving Enron, WorldCom, Global Crossing, and other companies
have put accountants in the public spotlight as never before in their history. After these
accounting scandals, public confidence in the accounting profession has been seriously
undermined. However, the scandals have created business for forensic accountants and
developed opportunities for forensic and investigative accounting. Forensic accountants have
been conducting these activities for quite some time in a quiet professional manner. New laws
and regulations resulting from these scandals will make the role of forensic accountants more
important than ever before in the business world.
Forensic accountants, also referred to as forensic auditors or investigative auditors, often have to
give expert evidence at the eventual trial. All of the larger accounting firms as well as many
medium-sized and boutique firms have specialist forensic accounting departments. Forensic
accountants utilize an understanding of business information and financial reporting systems,
accounting and auditing standards and procedures, evidence gathering and investigative
techniques, and litigation processes and procedures to perform their work. Forensic accountants
are also increasingly playing more proactive risk reduction roles by designing and performing
extended procedures as part of stat.
Could a cell survive by having just peripheral proteins on it’s memb.pdf
Could a cell survive by having just peripheral proteins on it’s membrane? Why?
Solution
Principal component of plasmamembrane are lipids , phospholipid and carbohydrate .
Phospholipid make good barrier between interior and exterior of cell . Phospholipid , cholestrol
expand range of temperature for normal functioning of membrane. So without Phospholipid it is
not possible that membrane survive .Peripheral protein only help in signal transduction and allow
only certain molecules in and out of cell. They also function as receptor for hormone etc..
Define a class named Doctor whose objects are records for clinic’s d.pdf
Define a class named Doctor whose objects are records for clinic’s doctors. Derive this class
from the class Person given in listing 8. A Doctor record has the doctor’s name—defined in the
class Person—A specialty as a string (for example Pediatrician, Obstetrician, General
Practitioner, and so on), and office visit fee (use type double). Give your class has a reasonable
complement of constructors, accessor methods and an equals method as well. Write a driver
program to test all your methods.
this is the test file
modify this to make the test file work
Solution
//class doctor extended from person
class Doctor extends Person
{
//instnace variables
String specialty;
double fee;
//default construtor
public Doctor()
{
super();
specialty=\"\";
fee=0;
}
//parameterized contstructor with name as paratemetr
public Doctor(String n)
{
super(n);
specialty=\"\";
fee=0;
}
//constructor accepting name and specialty
public Doctor(String n,String s)
{
super(n);
specialty=s;
fee=0;
}
//constructor accepting name and fee
public Doctor(String n,double f)
{
super(n);
specialty=\"\";
fee=f;
}
//constructor accepting name,fee and specialy
public Doctor(String n,double f,String s)
{
super(n);
specialty=s;
fee=f;
}
//method to set variables for doctor
public void set(String n,double f,String s)
{
set(n);
specialty=s;
fee=f;
}
//setter for fee
public void setOfficeFee(double f)
{
fee=f;
}
//setter for spciality
public void setSpecialty(String s)
{
specialty=s;
}
//getter for speciality
public String getSpecialty()
{
return specialty;
}
//getter for fee
public double getOfficeFee()
{
return fee;
}
//set fee
public void writeOfficeFee()
{
fee=0;
}
//set specislity
public void writeSpecialty()
{
specialty=\"No specialty yet.\";
}
//compare two doctor objects
public boolean equals(Doctor d)
{
return hasSameName(d) && fee==d.fee && specialty.equals(d.specialty);
}
//display doctor detais
public void writeOutput()
{
super.writeOutput();
System.out.println(\"Speciality: \" +specialty);
System.out.println(\"Fee: \"+fee);
}
}
class Person
{
private String name;
public Person()
{
name = \"No name yet.\";
}
public Person(String initialName)
{
name = initialName;
}
public void setName(String newName)
{
name = newName;
}
public void set(String newName)
{
name = newName;
}
public void writeName()
{
name = \"No name yet.\";
}
public String getName()
{
return name;
}
public void writeOutput()
{
System.out.println(\"Name: \" + name);
}
public boolean hasSameName(Person otherPerson)
{
return (this.name.equalsIgnoreCase(otherPerson.getName()));
}
}
import java.util.*;
public class DoctorTest{
public static void main(String []args){
Scanner keyboard = new Scanner(System.in);
char repeat;
do // repeat if user says \'yes\'
{
// Test the six constructors (uses writeOutput method)
Doctor drNo = new Doctor();
System.out.println(\"Using default constructor:\");
System.out.println();
System.out.println(\"Verify:\");
System.out.println(\"No name yet.\");
System.out.println(\"$150\");
System.out.
cell nuclei experiment1. What is function of SDS and O.5M NaCl in .pdf
cell nuclei experiment
1. What is function of SDS and O.5M NaCl in the isolation of DNA
2. How did DNase affect the spooling of DNA?
3..What % of ethanol was used in the DNA isolation and where did stand when added to aqueous
solution and why? it was 95% ethanol
Solution
Answer
1]In DNA isolation SDS is used for cell lysis & release of cell contents
Role of 0.5 M Nacl= The proteins & other hydrocarbons are still soluble in water but DNA form
complex with Nacl salt at this conc.
2] DNAase affect the spooling of DNA =
Dioxyribonuclease breaks the phosphodiester bonds that connects the nucleotide units in DNA
degrades long DNA molecules into shorter segments
3] 95% ethanol is used in DNA extraction.
C++ Sorting The parameter to the following two recursive routines is.pdf
C++ Sorting The parameter to the following two recursive routines is a pointer to a singly linked
list of numbers, whose elements are unique (no duplicates) and unsorted. Each node in the list
contains two members, info (a number) and next (a pointer to the next node). Write a recursive
value-returning function, MinLoc, that receives a pointer to a list of unsorted numbers and
returns a pointer to the node that contains the minimum value in the list. Write a recursive void
function, Sort, that receives a pointer to an unsorted list of numbers and reorders the values in the
list from smallest to largest. This function may call the recursive MinLoc function that you wrote
in part
Solution
Here is the solution for part(a):
int linked_list::MinLoc(node *head)
{
if(head == NULL)
return -1;
else if(head->next == NULL)
return head->info;
else
return (head->info < MinLoc(head->next) ? head->info : MinLoc(head->next));
}.
Briefly discuss five criteria used to classify an organism as a multi.pdf
Briefly discuss five criteria used to classify an organism as a multicelled animal?
Solution
Organisms that consist of more than one cell are known as multicellular organisms. Multicelluar
organisms are made up of more than one cell. These cells identify and attach to each other to
form a multicellular organism. Most of the multicellular organisms are visible to the naked eye.
Organisms like plants, animals, and some algae from a single cell and they grow up into a
multicelled organism. Both prokaryotes and eukaryotes show multicellularity. True multicellular
organisms regenerate a whole organism from germ cells.
There are there theories to discuss the mechanisms by which multicellularity could have evolved.
Symbiotic Theory- Symbiotic theory states that the first multicellular organism arose from
symbiosis behaviour of different species of a single-celled organism, each performing different
functions. Such symbiotic relation ship is seen between clown fish and Riterri sea anemones.
The Cellularization Theory or The Syncytial Theory- The cellularization theory states a
unicellular organismwould have developed from membrane boundaries/partitions around each
nuclei from a single celled organisms with multiple nuclei. Protists like cliates and slime molds
have multiple nuclei supporting this theory.
The Colonial Theory- The colonial theory that the symbiosis of many organisms of the same
species led to the evolution of multicellular organisms. This theory was proposed by Haecked in
1874.Majority of multicellularity occurs as a consequence of the cells falling to separate
following the process of division. Example of this theory can be seen in multicellular protists like
Volvox, Eudorina.
Advantages of Multicellularity in organism are that multicellularity allows the organism to
exceed the size limits. Multicelluarity also permits in increasing the complexity of the organism
by allowing differentiation of numerous cellular lineages in an organism.
Animals are multicellular and move with the aid of cilia, flagella, or muscular organs based on
contractile proteins. They have organelles including a nucleus, but no chliorplasts or cell walls.
Animals acquire nutrients by ingestion.
They have multiple cell with mitochondria and they depend on other organisms for food
Biologists recognize 36 phyla in the animals kingdom.
Size-The size of animals ranges from a few celled organosm like the mesozoans to animals
weighing many tones like the blue whale.
Animals bodies- Bodies of animals are made of cells organized into tissues which perform
specific functions in most animals tissue are organized into complex organs, which form organ
systems.
Cell structure_ The animal cell contains organelles like the nucleus, mitochondria, Golgi
complex, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, lysosomes, vacuoles, centrioles, cytoskeieton.
Animals are made up of many organs systems, that aids in performing specific functions that are
necessary for the survival of the organism.
O.
Write a method countUnique that takes a List of integers as a parame.pdf
Write a method countUnique that takes a List of integers as a parameter and returns the number
of unique integer values in the list. Use a Set as auxiliary storage to help you solve this problem.
For example, if a list contains the values [3, 7, 3, -1, 2, 3, 7, 2, 15, 15], your method should
return 5. The empty list contains 0 unique values.
Solution
package arraylistexample;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Scanner;
import java.util.Set;
public class ARRAYLISTEXAMPLE {
public static void main(String[] args) {
List list = new ArrayList<>();
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print(\"Enter some numbers..\");
System.out.println(\"Press any non integer(Either Float or character ) for ending the input\");
while (scanner.hasNextInt()) {
int i = scanner.nextInt();
list.add(i);
}
int k = alok.countUnique(list);
System.out.print(\" Total number of unique elements Are : \\t\" + k);
}
}
class alok {
public static int countUnique(List lst) {
Set set = new HashSet<>(lst);
System.out.println(\"Set values .....\");
set.stream().forEach((temp) -> {
System.out.print(temp + \"\\t\");
});
int n = set.size();
return n;
}
}.
Which of the following statements about detritivores is true they a.pdf
Which of the following statements about detritivores is true? they are an energy component,
they eat dead organic material, and they occupy a trophic level they store energy at a higher
intensity that carnivores, they are scavengers, and they are a trophic pest they are an energy
flow, they undergo chemosynthesis, and they are not a part of the food web they generate their
own energy sugar molecules, they are carnivores, and they can cause eutrophication of aquatic
ecosystems
Solution
Detrivores are the special type of organism that is feed on the dead and decaying organic matters,
breaks the complex molecules of the decaying organism and makes the broken organic material
useful for the plant as nutrients.
Therefore, detrivores are the energy compartment, they eat dead organic material and they
occupy a trophic level..
What is the role of anaerobic cellular respiration in the nitrogen c.pdf
What is the role of anaerobic cellular respiration in the nitrogen cycle, and how does anaerobic
respiration differ from aerobic respiration?
Solution
Organisms that perform anaerobic respiration like Pseudomonas denitrificans take oxidized form
of nitrogen like nitrous oxide as terminal electron acceptor and convert it to nitrogen which is
released in air. This is an important step of nitrogen cycle known as denitrification.
Difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration:.
What is on Important difference between genetic dissection and genomi.pdf
What is on Important difference between genetic dissection and genomics? Genetic dissection
can be used to determine the sequence of a gene Genomics can only be applied to humans and
not to non-human model organisms Genomics can be used to analyze many genes at once
Compared to genetic dissection, genomic approaches and sequencing are cost-prohibitive with
today s technology.
Solution
Ans A
The important difference is Genetic dissection can be used to determine the sequence of a gene..
Ralph has seven different colors of leftover paint. Since the.pdf
Ralph has seven different colors of leftover paint. Since there is not enough of any one color to
paint all four walls of his room, he has decided to paint each wall a different color. How many
different ways can he carry out his plan?
Solution
Number of ways of painting 4 walls using 7 paints = 7P4
= 7!/(7 -4)!
= 7!/3!
= 7 * 6 * 5 * 4
= 840 ways.
The following figure shows two possible groups of species on which to.pdf
The following figure shows two possible groups of species on which to focus conservation
efforts. Why might you choose a conservation strategy that would save the two species in blue
rather than the three species in red? Saving two closely related species preserves more
phylogenetic history than saving three more distantly related species. Saving the blue species
preserves more phylogenetic diversity. The blue species are easier to preserve because they have
not evolved as much as the red species. The red species are not important to the ecology of their
habitat.
Solution
Saving the blue species preserves more phylogenetic diversity.
Long brances mean very long evolution. Those species evilved in such a way that they have their
iwn niche and can be easily conserved. Short branches means closely related species and less
genetic diversity..
Ted Hollis is famous for making the case that all intelligence of hu.pdf
Ted Hollis is famous for making the case that all intelligence of humans resides in their cellular
membranes.
Explain in detail what different parts of the fluid mosaic model do and how it relates to function
and the intelligence of the cell.
Solution
Fluid Mosaic Model represent the nature of the cell membrane. It describes the cell membrane as
a dynamic structure made up of a double layer of phospholipids embedded with protein and
carbohydrates.
Parts of cell membrane contributing to function and intelligence of the cell -
The plasma membrane consists of Lipid Rafts, which are a combinaton of phospholipids and
protein. These ipid rafts play a role in the signalling mechanism of the cell, allowing cell to
maintain various processes of Inter and intra cellular transfer and transfer of signals meant for
cells.
Membrane Assymetry refers to the difference in the composition of the inner and outer layer of
the plasme membrane bilayer. This assymetry contribute in making the inner and outer layer
differentiable to cell signalling mechanism and serve as differential receptor for performing
different functions meant either for the inner or the outer layer. Enzymes like Flippase and
Scrambalase maintain this assymetry.
The Assymetry serves in function like apoptosis where reversal of the positions of the membrane
serve as a signal for the the cell to be recognized for apoptosis to take place.
An investment of 2000 T a of 8 for year compounded monthly quarter.pdf
An investment of 2000 T a of 8% for year compounded monthly quarterly and continuously
Solution
Time in years is not given .Lets assume = n
a) Principal = $ 2000 ; rate = 0.08/12 =.0067 ; t = n*12
Amount = 2000( 1+0.067)^12n =20001.067^12n
b) quarterly
Amount = 2000( 1+ 0.08/4)^4n
= 2000(1.02)^4n
c) continously
Amount = 2000 e^(0.08n)
= 2000e^0.08n
Plug n i.e. no. of years to solve for amount.
QuestionSo, I know that the solution is , but how exactly am I fi.pdf
Question:
So, I know that the solution is , but how exactly am I finding the denominator part of the
solution:? What does the inverse mean when applying to x value? How is the outcome 2?
Solution
that is just the definition of the derivitive of an inverse like this. f^-1(1) means find
the x value that makes f(x)=1 so x=0 for this f. then find f\'(0)=2.
Q. How do steroid hormones enter a cell and bring about change in ex.pdf
Q. How do steroid hormones enter a cell and bring about change in expression of genes in the
nucleus?
Solution
Steroid hormones are non-water soluble hormones. They are present in the blood bound to
specific protein carriers.
When they have to enter a cell they dissociate from the protein carriers and enters the cell
through simple diffusion.
Once entering the cell these hormones bind to hormone receptor proteins present in the
cytoplasm and move as a hormone receptor complex into the nucleus where it encounters the
DNA. Binding of hormone to receptor protein changes its conformational structure making it
competent to bind DNA.
DNA inside the nucleus contains specific hormone response elements which recognises and
binds to DNA binding regions of intracellular receptor protein.
The receptor protein also contains region which interacts with transcription factors thus initiating
transcription at hormone response elements of DNA.
After transcription the mRNA moves to cytoplasm where specific proteins are synthesized
through translation..
Provide an in depth description of biological information transfer (.pdf
Provide an in depth description of biological information transfer (what is the chemistry
underlying each information transfer event, which nucleotide sequences are involved etc.)
Solution
The genetic information is stored in Deoxyribonucleic acid,DNA. DNA contains the information
needed to build an individual. Genetic information is transferred from DNA and converted to
protein.RNA molecules work as messengers.Proteins are the biological workers.Information of
the DNA is copied to a RNA molecule in transcription.RNA directs the protein synthesis in a
translation.Protein’s 3D structure determines it’s function.Information transfer only in one
direction.
The biological information flows from DNA to RNA,and from there to proteins.It is ultimately
the DNA that controls every function of the cell through protein synthesis.As a carrier of genetic
information,DNA in a cell must be duplicated (replicated),maintained and passed dawn
accurately to the daughter cells.
DNA is deoxyribonucleic acid,which is found in chromosomes, contains inherited
information,they are made up of nucleotides,and are what make up genes. A nucleotide is
composed of a sugar (deoxyribose),a phosphate group,and a base.There are 4 bases found in
DNA, Adenine (A),Thymine (T),Guanine (G),and Cytosine (C).Adenine and guanine are double
ring bases while thymine and cytosine are single ring bases.Nucleotides are joined to each other
by covalent bonds between the phosphate group of one nucleotide and the 3\' carbon atom of the
deoxyribose (sugar) of the next nucleotide.Each DNA molecule is unique because the order of
nucleotides is unique. The order of nucleotides determines the order of amino acids in a
protein.RNA is a nucleic acid composed of nucleotides and consists of one strand of
nucleotides.There are three different types of RNA- Ribosomal,Messenger,and
Transfer.Ribosomal RNA is the RNA molecules found in ribosomes. The large subunit RNA
contains the enzymatic activity that makes the peptide bonds between amino acids. Messenger
RNA is what controls the order of amino acids in a protein and determines which gene it codes
for.Transfer RNA brings amino acids to ribosomes.The transfer RNA has two recognition sites-
one recognizes an amino acid and the other recognizes one codon.The transfer RNA brings the
the correct amino acid to the ribosome.
Transcription is the process by which the information contained in a section of DNA is replicated
in the form of a newly assembled piece of messenger RNA (mRNA).Enzymes facilitating the
process include RNA polymerase and transcription factors.In eukaryotic cells the primary
transcript is pre-mRNA. Pre-mRNA must be processed for translation to proceed.Processing
includes the addition of a 5\' cap and a poly-A tail to the pre-mRNA chain,followed by
splicing.Alternative splicing occurs when appropriate, increasing the diversity of the proteins
that any single mRNA can produce.The product of the entire transcription process is a mature
mRNA ch.
A function is pre written formula built in excel True or FalseA.pdf
A function is pre written formula built in excel? True or False
A function is pre written formula built in excel? True or False
Solution
True .
Functions are pre-written formulas built in excel.
Most common of them are count and sum which is used for counting and summing the data in
the columns based on certain criterias.
Functions definitons are written in Visual Basic language and is a very powerful tool that makes
the analysis of the data easier..
4. Sums of independent random variables Let 1, Xn independent random .pdf
4. Sums of independent random variables Let 1, Xn independent random variables and set Y-X1
Xn. (a) Interpret Y and guess its distribution in each of the following cases (at least (i)-(iv)) i.
Xin Binom (ni, p), 1 Sisn ii. Xin Pois (Xi), 1 S is n iii. Xi N Neg Binom (ri, p), 1 Sis n G.
Fellouris STAT 400 FALL 2015 iv. Xin Earp A), 1 sis n (b) Compute the migf of Y and find its
distribution in each of the above cases.
Solution
Given X1, X2, X3 ,….. Xn, are independent random variables and Y= X1, X2,…. Xn, that
implies Y= Xi
Let us consider for X1 binomial(n1,p) X2 binomial(n2,p) be independent random variables then
X1 +X2 binomial(n1+n2,p)
According to the property of moment generating function
If X1, X2, X3 ,….. Xn, are independent random variables then Mx1+x2+……..xn(t) = Mx1(t)
Mx2(t)……….Mxn(t)
Xi binomial(ni,p) for all i=1,2,….n
Let us consider for X1 pois(i) X2 pois(i) be independent random variables then X1 +X2
pois(1+i) According to the property of moment generating function
If X1, X2, X3 ,….. Xn, are independent random variables then Mx1+x2+……..xn(t) = Mx1(t)
Mx2(t)……….Mxn(t)
Xi pois(1 +2+…. +n ) for all i=1,2,….n
The moment generating function is Mx(t) = pr(1-qet)-r
and Mx1+x2(t) = Mx1(t) Mx2(t)
If X1, X2, X3 ,….. Xn, are independent random variables then Mx1+x2+……..xn(t) = Mx1(t)
Mx2(t)……….Mxn(t)
Xi neg bionor(r1r2……..rn, p)for all i=1,2,….n
For this distribution we can’t interpret Y
For this distribution we can’t interpret Y.
2. Minerals and Rocks-PowerPoist (Product Activation Faied HOW REVIEW.pdf
2. Minerals and Rocks-PowerPoist (Product Activation Faied HOW REVIEW VIEW Fot PO
Text Dieection Align Text 7 shape Otine. -Replace How do mineral crystals form? Rivers
carrying sediment deposits it somewhere A. Water evaporates leaving behind minerals that were
dissolved B. C. Molten rock cools and crystallizes. D. All of the above
Solution
Answer will be B and C both. One of the option is missing from question. Just check the
question again..
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptx
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docx
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
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Discus the development of the fraud examinerforensic accounting pro.pdf
Discus the development of the fraud examiner/forensic accounting profession since the 2001
Enron fraud. Discuss applicable standards and the core foundation of the profession.
Solution
Forensic accounting has been pivotal in the corporate agenda after the financial reporting
problems which took place in some companies around the world like Enron. These scandals
resulted in the loss of public trust and huge amounts of money. In order to avoid fraud and theft,
and to restore the badly needed public confidence, several companies took the step to improve
the infrastructure of their internal control and accounting systems drastically. It was this
development which increased the importance of accountants who have chosen to specialize in
forensic accounting and who are consequently referred as “forensic accountants.”
Forensic accounting relies on the fraud triangle to identify weak points in the business systems
and find possible suspects in cases of fraud. It consists of three core concepts which together
create a situation ripe for fraud: incentive, opportunity, and rationalization. People must have the
incentive and opportunity to commit financial fraud, as well as the ability to justify it. Recent
analysis has suggested adding a fourth concept to make a diamond—capability. Just because
someone has the opportunity or incentive to steal does not necessarily mean that they have the
capability to do so. For example, if someone does not understand how to make journal or ledger
entries in the books of accounts, they would not know how to manipulate numbers no matter
what the incentive or opportunity is.
The accounting scandals involving Enron, WorldCom, Global Crossing, and other companies
have put accountants in the public spotlight as never before in their history. After these
accounting scandals, public confidence in the accounting profession has been seriously
undermined. However, the scandals have created business for forensic accountants and
developed opportunities for forensic and investigative accounting. Forensic accountants have
been conducting these activities for quite some time in a quiet professional manner. New laws
and regulations resulting from these scandals will make the role of forensic accountants more
important than ever before in the business world.
Forensic accountants, also referred to as forensic auditors or investigative auditors, often have to
give expert evidence at the eventual trial. All of the larger accounting firms as well as many
medium-sized and boutique firms have specialist forensic accounting departments. Forensic
accountants utilize an understanding of business information and financial reporting systems,
accounting and auditing standards and procedures, evidence gathering and investigative
techniques, and litigation processes and procedures to perform their work. Forensic accountants
are also increasingly playing more proactive risk reduction roles by designing and performing
extended procedures as part of stat.
Could a cell survive by having just peripheral proteins on it’s memb.pdf
Could a cell survive by having just peripheral proteins on it’s membrane? Why?
Solution
Principal component of plasmamembrane are lipids , phospholipid and carbohydrate .
Phospholipid make good barrier between interior and exterior of cell . Phospholipid , cholestrol
expand range of temperature for normal functioning of membrane. So without Phospholipid it is
not possible that membrane survive .Peripheral protein only help in signal transduction and allow
only certain molecules in and out of cell. They also function as receptor for hormone etc..
Define a class named Doctor whose objects are records for clinic’s d.pdf
Define a class named Doctor whose objects are records for clinic’s doctors. Derive this class
from the class Person given in listing 8. A Doctor record has the doctor’s name—defined in the
class Person—A specialty as a string (for example Pediatrician, Obstetrician, General
Practitioner, and so on), and office visit fee (use type double). Give your class has a reasonable
complement of constructors, accessor methods and an equals method as well. Write a driver
program to test all your methods.
this is the test file
modify this to make the test file work
Solution
//class doctor extended from person
class Doctor extends Person
{
//instnace variables
String specialty;
double fee;
//default construtor
public Doctor()
{
super();
specialty=\"\";
fee=0;
}
//parameterized contstructor with name as paratemetr
public Doctor(String n)
{
super(n);
specialty=\"\";
fee=0;
}
//constructor accepting name and specialty
public Doctor(String n,String s)
{
super(n);
specialty=s;
fee=0;
}
//constructor accepting name and fee
public Doctor(String n,double f)
{
super(n);
specialty=\"\";
fee=f;
}
//constructor accepting name,fee and specialy
public Doctor(String n,double f,String s)
{
super(n);
specialty=s;
fee=f;
}
//method to set variables for doctor
public void set(String n,double f,String s)
{
set(n);
specialty=s;
fee=f;
}
//setter for fee
public void setOfficeFee(double f)
{
fee=f;
}
//setter for spciality
public void setSpecialty(String s)
{
specialty=s;
}
//getter for speciality
public String getSpecialty()
{
return specialty;
}
//getter for fee
public double getOfficeFee()
{
return fee;
}
//set fee
public void writeOfficeFee()
{
fee=0;
}
//set specislity
public void writeSpecialty()
{
specialty=\"No specialty yet.\";
}
//compare two doctor objects
public boolean equals(Doctor d)
{
return hasSameName(d) && fee==d.fee && specialty.equals(d.specialty);
}
//display doctor detais
public void writeOutput()
{
super.writeOutput();
System.out.println(\"Speciality: \" +specialty);
System.out.println(\"Fee: \"+fee);
}
}
class Person
{
private String name;
public Person()
{
name = \"No name yet.\";
}
public Person(String initialName)
{
name = initialName;
}
public void setName(String newName)
{
name = newName;
}
public void set(String newName)
{
name = newName;
}
public void writeName()
{
name = \"No name yet.\";
}
public String getName()
{
return name;
}
public void writeOutput()
{
System.out.println(\"Name: \" + name);
}
public boolean hasSameName(Person otherPerson)
{
return (this.name.equalsIgnoreCase(otherPerson.getName()));
}
}
import java.util.*;
public class DoctorTest{
public static void main(String []args){
Scanner keyboard = new Scanner(System.in);
char repeat;
do // repeat if user says \'yes\'
{
// Test the six constructors (uses writeOutput method)
Doctor drNo = new Doctor();
System.out.println(\"Using default constructor:\");
System.out.println();
System.out.println(\"Verify:\");
System.out.println(\"No name yet.\");
System.out.println(\"$150\");
System.out.
cell nuclei experiment1. What is function of SDS and O.5M NaCl in .pdf
cell nuclei experiment
1. What is function of SDS and O.5M NaCl in the isolation of DNA
2. How did DNase affect the spooling of DNA?
3..What % of ethanol was used in the DNA isolation and where did stand when added to aqueous
solution and why? it was 95% ethanol
Solution
Answer
1]In DNA isolation SDS is used for cell lysis & release of cell contents
Role of 0.5 M Nacl= The proteins & other hydrocarbons are still soluble in water but DNA form
complex with Nacl salt at this conc.
2] DNAase affect the spooling of DNA =
Dioxyribonuclease breaks the phosphodiester bonds that connects the nucleotide units in DNA
degrades long DNA molecules into shorter segments
3] 95% ethanol is used in DNA extraction.
C++ Sorting The parameter to the following two recursive routines is.pdf
C++ Sorting The parameter to the following two recursive routines is a pointer to a singly linked
list of numbers, whose elements are unique (no duplicates) and unsorted. Each node in the list
contains two members, info (a number) and next (a pointer to the next node). Write a recursive
value-returning function, MinLoc, that receives a pointer to a list of unsorted numbers and
returns a pointer to the node that contains the minimum value in the list. Write a recursive void
function, Sort, that receives a pointer to an unsorted list of numbers and reorders the values in the
list from smallest to largest. This function may call the recursive MinLoc function that you wrote
in part
Solution
Here is the solution for part(a):
int linked_list::MinLoc(node *head)
{
if(head == NULL)
return -1;
else if(head->next == NULL)
return head->info;
else
return (head->info < MinLoc(head->next) ? head->info : MinLoc(head->next));
}.
Briefly discuss five criteria used to classify an organism as a multi.pdf
Briefly discuss five criteria used to classify an organism as a multicelled animal?
Solution
Organisms that consist of more than one cell are known as multicellular organisms. Multicelluar
organisms are made up of more than one cell. These cells identify and attach to each other to
form a multicellular organism. Most of the multicellular organisms are visible to the naked eye.
Organisms like plants, animals, and some algae from a single cell and they grow up into a
multicelled organism. Both prokaryotes and eukaryotes show multicellularity. True multicellular
organisms regenerate a whole organism from germ cells.
There are there theories to discuss the mechanisms by which multicellularity could have evolved.
Symbiotic Theory- Symbiotic theory states that the first multicellular organism arose from
symbiosis behaviour of different species of a single-celled organism, each performing different
functions. Such symbiotic relation ship is seen between clown fish and Riterri sea anemones.
The Cellularization Theory or The Syncytial Theory- The cellularization theory states a
unicellular organismwould have developed from membrane boundaries/partitions around each
nuclei from a single celled organisms with multiple nuclei. Protists like cliates and slime molds
have multiple nuclei supporting this theory.
The Colonial Theory- The colonial theory that the symbiosis of many organisms of the same
species led to the evolution of multicellular organisms. This theory was proposed by Haecked in
1874.Majority of multicellularity occurs as a consequence of the cells falling to separate
following the process of division. Example of this theory can be seen in multicellular protists like
Volvox, Eudorina.
Advantages of Multicellularity in organism are that multicellularity allows the organism to
exceed the size limits. Multicelluarity also permits in increasing the complexity of the organism
by allowing differentiation of numerous cellular lineages in an organism.
Animals are multicellular and move with the aid of cilia, flagella, or muscular organs based on
contractile proteins. They have organelles including a nucleus, but no chliorplasts or cell walls.
Animals acquire nutrients by ingestion.
They have multiple cell with mitochondria and they depend on other organisms for food
Biologists recognize 36 phyla in the animals kingdom.
Size-The size of animals ranges from a few celled organosm like the mesozoans to animals
weighing many tones like the blue whale.
Animals bodies- Bodies of animals are made of cells organized into tissues which perform
specific functions in most animals tissue are organized into complex organs, which form organ
systems.
Cell structure_ The animal cell contains organelles like the nucleus, mitochondria, Golgi
complex, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, lysosomes, vacuoles, centrioles, cytoskeieton.
Animals are made up of many organs systems, that aids in performing specific functions that are
necessary for the survival of the organism.
O.
Write a method countUnique that takes a List of integers as a parame.pdf
Write a method countUnique that takes a List of integers as a parameter and returns the number
of unique integer values in the list. Use a Set as auxiliary storage to help you solve this problem.
For example, if a list contains the values [3, 7, 3, -1, 2, 3, 7, 2, 15, 15], your method should
return 5. The empty list contains 0 unique values.
Solution
package arraylistexample;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Scanner;
import java.util.Set;
public class ARRAYLISTEXAMPLE {
public static void main(String[] args) {
List list = new ArrayList<>();
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print(\"Enter some numbers..\");
System.out.println(\"Press any non integer(Either Float or character ) for ending the input\");
while (scanner.hasNextInt()) {
int i = scanner.nextInt();
list.add(i);
}
int k = alok.countUnique(list);
System.out.print(\" Total number of unique elements Are : \\t\" + k);
}
}
class alok {
public static int countUnique(List lst) {
Set set = new HashSet<>(lst);
System.out.println(\"Set values .....\");
set.stream().forEach((temp) -> {
System.out.print(temp + \"\\t\");
});
int n = set.size();
return n;
}
}.
Which of the following statements about detritivores is true they a.pdf
Which of the following statements about detritivores is true? they are an energy component,
they eat dead organic material, and they occupy a trophic level they store energy at a higher
intensity that carnivores, they are scavengers, and they are a trophic pest they are an energy
flow, they undergo chemosynthesis, and they are not a part of the food web they generate their
own energy sugar molecules, they are carnivores, and they can cause eutrophication of aquatic
ecosystems
Solution
Detrivores are the special type of organism that is feed on the dead and decaying organic matters,
breaks the complex molecules of the decaying organism and makes the broken organic material
useful for the plant as nutrients.
Therefore, detrivores are the energy compartment, they eat dead organic material and they
occupy a trophic level..
What is the role of anaerobic cellular respiration in the nitrogen c.pdf
What is the role of anaerobic cellular respiration in the nitrogen cycle, and how does anaerobic
respiration differ from aerobic respiration?
Solution
Organisms that perform anaerobic respiration like Pseudomonas denitrificans take oxidized form
of nitrogen like nitrous oxide as terminal electron acceptor and convert it to nitrogen which is
released in air. This is an important step of nitrogen cycle known as denitrification.
Difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration:.
What is on Important difference between genetic dissection and genomi.pdf
What is on Important difference between genetic dissection and genomics? Genetic dissection
can be used to determine the sequence of a gene Genomics can only be applied to humans and
not to non-human model organisms Genomics can be used to analyze many genes at once
Compared to genetic dissection, genomic approaches and sequencing are cost-prohibitive with
today s technology.
Solution
Ans A
The important difference is Genetic dissection can be used to determine the sequence of a gene..
Ralph has seven different colors of leftover paint. Since the.pdf
Ralph has seven different colors of leftover paint. Since there is not enough of any one color to
paint all four walls of his room, he has decided to paint each wall a different color. How many
different ways can he carry out his plan?
Solution
Number of ways of painting 4 walls using 7 paints = 7P4
= 7!/(7 -4)!
= 7!/3!
= 7 * 6 * 5 * 4
= 840 ways.
The following figure shows two possible groups of species on which to.pdf
The following figure shows two possible groups of species on which to focus conservation
efforts. Why might you choose a conservation strategy that would save the two species in blue
rather than the three species in red? Saving two closely related species preserves more
phylogenetic history than saving three more distantly related species. Saving the blue species
preserves more phylogenetic diversity. The blue species are easier to preserve because they have
not evolved as much as the red species. The red species are not important to the ecology of their
habitat.
Solution
Saving the blue species preserves more phylogenetic diversity.
Long brances mean very long evolution. Those species evilved in such a way that they have their
iwn niche and can be easily conserved. Short branches means closely related species and less
genetic diversity..
Ted Hollis is famous for making the case that all intelligence of hu.pdf
Ted Hollis is famous for making the case that all intelligence of humans resides in their cellular
membranes.
Explain in detail what different parts of the fluid mosaic model do and how it relates to function
and the intelligence of the cell.
Solution
Fluid Mosaic Model represent the nature of the cell membrane. It describes the cell membrane as
a dynamic structure made up of a double layer of phospholipids embedded with protein and
carbohydrates.
Parts of cell membrane contributing to function and intelligence of the cell -
The plasma membrane consists of Lipid Rafts, which are a combinaton of phospholipids and
protein. These ipid rafts play a role in the signalling mechanism of the cell, allowing cell to
maintain various processes of Inter and intra cellular transfer and transfer of signals meant for
cells.
Membrane Assymetry refers to the difference in the composition of the inner and outer layer of
the plasme membrane bilayer. This assymetry contribute in making the inner and outer layer
differentiable to cell signalling mechanism and serve as differential receptor for performing
different functions meant either for the inner or the outer layer. Enzymes like Flippase and
Scrambalase maintain this assymetry.
The Assymetry serves in function like apoptosis where reversal of the positions of the membrane
serve as a signal for the the cell to be recognized for apoptosis to take place.
An investment of 2000 T a of 8 for year compounded monthly quarter.pdf
An investment of 2000 T a of 8% for year compounded monthly quarterly and continuously
Solution
Time in years is not given .Lets assume = n
a) Principal = $ 2000 ; rate = 0.08/12 =.0067 ; t = n*12
Amount = 2000( 1+0.067)^12n =20001.067^12n
b) quarterly
Amount = 2000( 1+ 0.08/4)^4n
= 2000(1.02)^4n
c) continously
Amount = 2000 e^(0.08n)
= 2000e^0.08n
Plug n i.e. no. of years to solve for amount.
QuestionSo, I know that the solution is , but how exactly am I fi.pdf
Question:
So, I know that the solution is , but how exactly am I finding the denominator part of the
solution:? What does the inverse mean when applying to x value? How is the outcome 2?
Solution
that is just the definition of the derivitive of an inverse like this. f^-1(1) means find
the x value that makes f(x)=1 so x=0 for this f. then find f\'(0)=2.
Q. How do steroid hormones enter a cell and bring about change in ex.pdf
Q. How do steroid hormones enter a cell and bring about change in expression of genes in the
nucleus?
Solution
Steroid hormones are non-water soluble hormones. They are present in the blood bound to
specific protein carriers.
When they have to enter a cell they dissociate from the protein carriers and enters the cell
through simple diffusion.
Once entering the cell these hormones bind to hormone receptor proteins present in the
cytoplasm and move as a hormone receptor complex into the nucleus where it encounters the
DNA. Binding of hormone to receptor protein changes its conformational structure making it
competent to bind DNA.
DNA inside the nucleus contains specific hormone response elements which recognises and
binds to DNA binding regions of intracellular receptor protein.
The receptor protein also contains region which interacts with transcription factors thus initiating
transcription at hormone response elements of DNA.
After transcription the mRNA moves to cytoplasm where specific proteins are synthesized
through translation..
Provide an in depth description of biological information transfer (.pdf
Provide an in depth description of biological information transfer (what is the chemistry
underlying each information transfer event, which nucleotide sequences are involved etc.)
Solution
The genetic information is stored in Deoxyribonucleic acid,DNA. DNA contains the information
needed to build an individual. Genetic information is transferred from DNA and converted to
protein.RNA molecules work as messengers.Proteins are the biological workers.Information of
the DNA is copied to a RNA molecule in transcription.RNA directs the protein synthesis in a
translation.Protein’s 3D structure determines it’s function.Information transfer only in one
direction.
The biological information flows from DNA to RNA,and from there to proteins.It is ultimately
the DNA that controls every function of the cell through protein synthesis.As a carrier of genetic
information,DNA in a cell must be duplicated (replicated),maintained and passed dawn
accurately to the daughter cells.
DNA is deoxyribonucleic acid,which is found in chromosomes, contains inherited
information,they are made up of nucleotides,and are what make up genes. A nucleotide is
composed of a sugar (deoxyribose),a phosphate group,and a base.There are 4 bases found in
DNA, Adenine (A),Thymine (T),Guanine (G),and Cytosine (C).Adenine and guanine are double
ring bases while thymine and cytosine are single ring bases.Nucleotides are joined to each other
by covalent bonds between the phosphate group of one nucleotide and the 3\' carbon atom of the
deoxyribose (sugar) of the next nucleotide.Each DNA molecule is unique because the order of
nucleotides is unique. The order of nucleotides determines the order of amino acids in a
protein.RNA is a nucleic acid composed of nucleotides and consists of one strand of
nucleotides.There are three different types of RNA- Ribosomal,Messenger,and
Transfer.Ribosomal RNA is the RNA molecules found in ribosomes. The large subunit RNA
contains the enzymatic activity that makes the peptide bonds between amino acids. Messenger
RNA is what controls the order of amino acids in a protein and determines which gene it codes
for.Transfer RNA brings amino acids to ribosomes.The transfer RNA has two recognition sites-
one recognizes an amino acid and the other recognizes one codon.The transfer RNA brings the
the correct amino acid to the ribosome.
Transcription is the process by which the information contained in a section of DNA is replicated
in the form of a newly assembled piece of messenger RNA (mRNA).Enzymes facilitating the
process include RNA polymerase and transcription factors.In eukaryotic cells the primary
transcript is pre-mRNA. Pre-mRNA must be processed for translation to proceed.Processing
includes the addition of a 5\' cap and a poly-A tail to the pre-mRNA chain,followed by
splicing.Alternative splicing occurs when appropriate, increasing the diversity of the proteins
that any single mRNA can produce.The product of the entire transcription process is a mature
mRNA ch.
A function is pre written formula built in excel True or FalseA.pdf
A function is pre written formula built in excel? True or False
A function is pre written formula built in excel? True or False
Solution
True .
Functions are pre-written formulas built in excel.
Most common of them are count and sum which is used for counting and summing the data in
the columns based on certain criterias.
Functions definitons are written in Visual Basic language and is a very powerful tool that makes
the analysis of the data easier..
4. Sums of independent random variables Let 1, Xn independent random .pdf
4. Sums of independent random variables Let 1, Xn independent random variables and set Y-X1
Xn. (a) Interpret Y and guess its distribution in each of the following cases (at least (i)-(iv)) i.
Xin Binom (ni, p), 1 Sisn ii. Xin Pois (Xi), 1 S is n iii. Xi N Neg Binom (ri, p), 1 Sis n G.
Fellouris STAT 400 FALL 2015 iv. Xin Earp A), 1 sis n (b) Compute the migf of Y and find its
distribution in each of the above cases.
Solution
Given X1, X2, X3 ,….. Xn, are independent random variables and Y= X1, X2,…. Xn, that
implies Y= Xi
Let us consider for X1 binomial(n1,p) X2 binomial(n2,p) be independent random variables then
X1 +X2 binomial(n1+n2,p)
According to the property of moment generating function
If X1, X2, X3 ,….. Xn, are independent random variables then Mx1+x2+……..xn(t) = Mx1(t)
Mx2(t)……….Mxn(t)
Xi binomial(ni,p) for all i=1,2,….n
Let us consider for X1 pois(i) X2 pois(i) be independent random variables then X1 +X2
pois(1+i) According to the property of moment generating function
If X1, X2, X3 ,….. Xn, are independent random variables then Mx1+x2+……..xn(t) = Mx1(t)
Mx2(t)……….Mxn(t)
Xi pois(1 +2+…. +n ) for all i=1,2,….n
The moment generating function is Mx(t) = pr(1-qet)-r
and Mx1+x2(t) = Mx1(t) Mx2(t)
If X1, X2, X3 ,….. Xn, are independent random variables then Mx1+x2+……..xn(t) = Mx1(t)
Mx2(t)……….Mxn(t)
Xi neg bionor(r1r2……..rn, p)for all i=1,2,….n
For this distribution we can’t interpret Y
For this distribution we can’t interpret Y.
2. Minerals and Rocks-PowerPoist (Product Activation Faied HOW REVIEW.pdf
2. Minerals and Rocks-PowerPoist (Product Activation Faied HOW REVIEW VIEW Fot PO
Text Dieection Align Text 7 shape Otine. -Replace How do mineral crystals form? Rivers
carrying sediment deposits it somewhere A. Water evaporates leaving behind minerals that were
dissolved B. C. Molten rock cools and crystallizes. D. All of the above
Solution
Answer will be B and C both. One of the option is missing from question. Just check the
question again..
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