2
want, belong to, despise, hate, matter, possess, wish, consist
of, detest, intend, mean, prefer, contain, dislike, know, need, resemble...
Động từ chỉ trạng thái Stative verbs hay còn gọi là State verbs là những động từ không mô tả hành động mà
giúp mô tả một trạng thái hay tình huống mang tính ổn định, ít thay đổi và đúng trong một thời gian nhất định.
Chẳng hạn như suy nghĩ, tình cảm, nhận thức, trạng thái, sự sở hữu…
1. Các loại động từ chỉ trạng thái
Cảm xúc, tình cảm (Emotion)
 love(yêu thương)
 hate(ghét)
 want(muốn)
 need(cần)
 like(thích), dislike
 care(quan tâm)
 feel(cảm thấy),…
 mind
 desire
 hope
 appreciate
 value
 prefer
 need
 adore
 care for
Giác quan, cảm nhận, cảm giác (Sense)
 See(nhìn)
 hear(nghe)
 smell(ngửi)
 taste(nếm thử)
 touch(tiếp xúc)
 seem(cảm thấy như)
 feel
 look
Sở hữu (Possession)
 Have(có)
 own(là chủ)
 belong(thuộc về)
 possess(sở hữu)
 include
 consist
 contain
 lack
 Tư tưởng, quan điểm, suy nghĩ (Thought)
 know(biết)
 believe(tin)
 remember(nhớ)
 deserve(xứng đáng)
 equal(công bằng)
 exist(hiện hữu)
 involve(liên quan)
 matter(vấn đề)
 perceive(nhận thức)
 promise(lời hứa),
 doubt
 understand
 wish
 agree
 think
 suppose
 recognise
 forget
 imagine
 mean
 deny
 please
 concern
 surprise
 appear
 realize
 Động từ khác
 Cost (kɒst ): Giá cả
 Measure (ˈmɛʒə): Đo
lường
 Weigh (weɪ): Cân
 Owe (əʊ): Nợ
 Seem (siːm): Hình như
 Fit (fɪt): Phù hợp
 Depend (dɪˈpɛnd): Tùy
theo
 Matter (ˈmætə): Vấn đề
2. Một số động từ chỉ trạng thái vừa là động từ hành động
 Think (θɪŋk )
- Động từ hành động (Xem xét, cân nhắc):
Ex. Lan is thinking of studying for a master’s degree.
- Động từ trạng thái (Nghĩ rằng, tin rằng): Ex: I think, in this case, he’s right.
 Feel (fiːl)
- Động từ hành động (Sờ, chạm vào) Ex: I am feeling a cat with soft fur.
- Động từ trạng thái (Cảm thấy, thấy):
Ex: I feel that Mia is tired. She should go to the hospital now.
 Taste (teɪst)
- Động từ hành động (Nếm): Ex: He is tasting the pastry in the kitchen
- Động từ trạng thái (Có vị): Ex: The dish cooked by Lan tastes good
 Smell (smɛl)
- Động từ hành động (Ngửi): Ex: The dog is smelling my friend
- Động từ trạng thái (Có mùi): Ex: This smells terrible!
 Have (hæv)
- Động từ hành động (Ăn, uống, tắm): Ex: I am having lunch with my parents.
- Động từ hành động (Có): Ex: I have 2 coupons, would you like to receive?
 See (siː)
- Động từ hành động (Gặp): This morning, I am seeing the teacher
- Động từ trạng thái (Xem xét, hiểu): I see what you mean
 Look (lʊk)

3
- Động từ hành động (Nhìn): She is looking strangely at me
- Động từ trạng thái (Trông có vẻ): She looks adorable wearing this dress
 Appear (əˈpɪə)
- Động từ hành động (Xuất hiện): Tonight, my teacher is appearing on the TV news.
- Động từ trạng thái (Dường như): After failing the exam, Linda appears hopeless
 Stay (steɪ)
- Động từ hành động (Ở): I am at home
- Động từ trạng thái (Duy trì): Lan stays calm state in all cases
 Turn (tɜːn)
- Động từ hành động (Rẽ): Min is turning at the end of the alley to enter my house
- Động từ trạng thái (Bước sang, chuyển sang): The flower turns red due to dust
 Expect (ɪksˈpɛkt)
- Động từ hành động (Mong): I am expecting to entering this school
- Động từ trạng thái (Cho rằng, nghĩ rằng): Lan expects, the teacher doesn’t like her
 Weigh (weɪ)
- Động từ hành động (Đo, cân): The seller is weighing the fruit
- Động từ trạng thái (Có trọng lượng, nặng): This bag of fruit weighs 500 grams
 Enjoy (ɪnˈʤɔɪ)
- Động từ hành động (Tận hưởng): I’m enjoying my vacation.
- Động từ trạng thái (Thích): I enjoy going to the park on weekends.
Ex 1. Put the stative verbs into the right column.
hope taste feel agree hear smell know own
sound love see include believe have consist hate
think belong wish guess
Senses Opinions Emotions Possession
Ex.2. Complete the sentences using the given words.
own how realise see
1. Jim's cousin________several luxurious restaurants and five-star hotels.
2. I don't________how much my best friend has changed recently.
3. The final exam is coming. I________ you pass it with flying colours.
4. I_______what you mean. You don't need to explain more.
Ex.3. Decide whether the underlined verbs in the following sentences are Stative or Dynamic verbs.
1.I can't see anything. It's too dark here. Could you turn the light on?
2.She asks me for advice because she doesn't know what to do.
3. I'm thinking too much about my ex-boyfriend. What should I do now?
4. My mom always smiles happily when she looks at our family photos.
5. You're mature. I think you can make your own decisions on every life matter.
6. I hadn't recognised Linda until she took off the mask and went on the stage.
7. The tour includes a visit to beautiful landmarks of Da Lat city.
8. Please stop making so much noise. I'm studying.
Ex.4. Put the verbs in brackets into the present simple or the present continuous.
1. The Sun (feel) ______hot.
2. He (feel) _____ the jumper to see if it’s soft.
3. He (have) ______ three boxes of sweets.
4. He (have) ______ a party tomorrow.
5. This soup (taste) _______ awful.
6. He (taste) _______ the soup to see if it has enough salt.
7. She (think) ____ the party sounds good.
8. She (think) ______ of going away at the weekend.
9. Nam (look) ______ happy.
10. Nam (look) _____ for his costume.

4
11. I must stay in because I (expect) ______ a parcel.
12. I (expect) _____ you are tired after your walk.
13. I (see) _____ the price of petrol has gone up again.
14. When you (see) ______ Nam again?
15. This jug (hold) _____ one litre exactly.
16. They (hold) _____ a meeting to discuss the matter.
17. He (appear) _____ to be very ill.
18. She (appear) ______ in cosplay at the festival.
Ex 5. Complete the sentences using the correct form of the verbs in the box.
think look remember have seem see become sound
1. I thought the man was American at first, but when he spoke, he ______ British.
2. We ______our old teacher next weekend.
3. Our town is small, but it _____many tourist attractions.
4. Villagers enjoy a simple lifestyle and ______happier than city dwellers.
5. Underground trains _______ the most popular means of transport in big cities over the past few decades.
6. You look worried. What ______you _______about?
7. I ______visiting the place, but I can’t tell you when I did that.
8. The new hotel will _______ impressive when it is finished.
Ex.6. Choose the best option to complete each of the following sentences.
1. I ___ a multilingual dictionary. Use it if you need to look up a new word in any languages.
A. have B. is having C. owe
2. The students at the back of the room ________ you. Can you speak louder?
A. hear B. can't hear C. are not hearing
3. Is Alan over there? He ________ old and tired. Is he sick?
A. looks B. looked C. is looking
4. She ________ the soup in the kitchen when the telephone rang.
A. tasted B. is tasting C. was tasting
5. She ________ him for quite a long time. They are good friends.
A. knows B. has known C. has been knowing
6. I ________ a little boy in the room. He is sleeping on the sofa.
A. see B. is seeing C. saw
7. I bet that your bag ________ a ton. There are too many books in it.
A. weighs B. weight C. weighed
8. A: Hello. Please put me through to the manager. - B: Could you call a little later? He __________ a meeting now.
A. has B. is having C. has had
9. I _______ that smart cities offer a better quality of life. A. think B. am thinking
10. There’s a lot of noise coming from outside. Probably my neighbors ____ a big party.
A. are having B. have
11. ______ the top of the skyscraper in the far distance? A. Do you see B. Are you seeing
12. My uncle _____ a big house in the city centre. A. has B. is having
13. John _____ to be a nurse when she grows up. A. wants B. is wanting
14. David _____ about holding a party next weekend. A. is thinking B. thinks
Ex.7. Decide whether the underlined parts in the following sentences are Correct or Incorrect.
1. Peter, I believe you can do better if you join our team. Please spend more time thinking about our offer.
2.The chef always tastes every dish before he serves it to make sure that it tastes delicious.
3. We intend to have a picnic this weekend, but it is depending on what the weather's like at the weekend.
4. This ancient clock has been belonging to that museum since 2000, and now it's still on display there.
5. I am seeing my teacher this Friday, so I can't go out with you that day.
6. I was being hopeful at the beginning of the season, but now I don't think that Liverpool will be the champion.
7. I don't want to have a fight about that matter. Just forget it! It isn't mattering.
8. Tim deserves a raise because he is such a dedicated employee who is willing to work overtime to finish projects.
Ex. 8. Fill in each gap with the correct form of the given word(s).
1. The thief looked into his rear-view mirror and (realise) that he was being followed by a police car.
2. Mark (taste) the wine when suddenly the fire alarm went off. He spilled wine all over his shirt.
3.Although Tom is very ill, he (know) what's happening around him.

5
4. Why don't you braid your hair? You (look) better if you do so.
5. I'm telling you the truth. Why (you/ not/ believe) me?
6. Can we go somewhere else? I (hate) this place. It's so boring.
7. My son (seem) nervous when I asked him who had broken the window.
8. Bob (want) a car for a long time, but he hasn't had enough money to afford one.
9. They are really rich, but they always seem unhappy. I (doubt) that money can't bring them
happiness.
10. In 2010, the team (consist) of ten founding members, but now it expands to include more than
thirty members.
11. A I 1) ...see... (see) there's a great film on at the cinema tonight. Would you like to go?
B No, I 2) (see)...................................................... the dentist about my toothache.
12 . A I 1) (think) .....................................................about going on a picnic this afternoon.
B I wouldn't bother. I 2) (think) .....................................................it's going to rain.
13 A Is John feeling OK? He 1) (look) .....................................................very red in the face.
B Yes, I know. I 2) (look) .....................................................for the doctor's telephone number now.
14. A How 1) (you/like) .....................................................your stay in Budapest?
B I am really enjoying myself. I particularly 2) (like) .....................................................the Hungarian food.
15. A Why 1) (you/taste) ..................................................... the stew?
B I think you need to add some spices; it 2) . (taste) ......................................... a bit bland.
16. A Why 1) (you/feel) .....................................................the radiator, Dad?
B I don't think it's working; it. 2) (feel) ................................................. very cold in here.
17. A Tom 1) (be) .....................................................usually a very quiet boy.
B Yes, but he 2) (be) ..................................................... very noisy today.
18. A 1) (you/have) .....................................................a car?
B Yes, but I 2) (have) .................................... some problems with it, so it's at the garage.
19. A Why 1) (you/smell) .....................................................the roses?
B They always 2) (smell) ...............................................so wonderful at this time of year.
C. LINKING VERBS (Động từ liên kết)
Linking verb (liên động từ) là một nhóm các động từ đặc biệt có chức năng nối giữa chủ ngữ và vị ngữ là tính từ.
Không giống như các động từ khác, linking verb không dùng để diễn tả hành động. Vì vậy chúng bổ nghĩa cho tính
từ chứ không phải cho phó từ.
Subject + linking verb + adjective/ noun
Ví dụ:
 Mary feels bad about her test grade.
 Children become tired quite easily.
 Lucy looks radiant in her new dress.
 Ted will be a bridegroom this year.
Một số linking verb phổ biến:
 Linking verb ở dạng to be:
Is Can be May be
Am Could be Might be
Are Will be Must be
Was Would be Has been
Were Shall be Have been
Should be Had been
 Các linking verb khác:
Linking verb Ý nghĩa Ví dụ
Seem dường như/ có vẻ It seems tough to get to the top of this mountain.
Appear hóa ra, có vẻ, dường như It appears that she failed the test.

6
Become trở thành, trở nên He became better than the previous time.
Grow trở nên She grows prettier every day.
Prove tỏ ra He always proves to be smart every time.
Remain vẫn, vẫn cứ, vẫn là The data remained unchanged over time.
Stay giữ Remember to stay calm during the test.
Look trông có vẻ She looks immensely stunning in that dress.
Smell (có) mùi It smells so good.
Sound nghe có vẻ It sounds interesting.
Taste có vị It tastes delicious.
Feel cảm thấy He felt so bad after the conversation with his boss.
Get Trở nên, trở thành Nam is getting taller this year.
Turn Trở nên, trở thành, chuyển sang The weather has turned hot.
2. Action verb (động từ hành động) là gì?
Action verb, tiếng Việt là động từ hành đọng, là những động từ dùng để diễn tả hành động mà chủ ngữ đang làm (có
thể về mặt tinh thần hay thể chất). Action verb mang lượng thông tin lớn và làm hoàn chỉnh câu về mặt ngữ pháp
(câu có đủ chủ ngữ và động từ).
Ví dụ:
 I go to school on a daily basis.
 I always treasure those memories of my dad.
 I really admire my father.
 Eat to live, but not live to eat.
3. Sự khác biệt giữ linking verb và action verb
Theo như phần định nghĩa trên, chúng ta có thể rút ra kết luận về sự khác biệt giữa linking verb và action verb như
sau:
Linking verb Action verb
 Diễn tả trạng thái, cảm xúc của sự vật, sự việc
 Là động từ nối có tác dụng chỉ ra mối quan hệ giữa
chủ ngữ và vị ngữ trong câu. Vị ngữ được mô tả thường
là tính từ hoặc danh từ, cụm danh từ
 Diễn tả hành động cụ thể
 Là động từ chính, mang lượng thông tin lớn,
giúp hoàn chỉnh câu về mặt ngữ pháp
Ví dụ: The picture from J’s shop is beautiful Ví dụ: I buy a beautiful picture of J’s shop.
Ex. 9. Decide whether the bold part in each of the following sentences is an “action verb” or a “linking verb”.
1. July is smelling the flowers her boyfriend has given to her.
A. action verb B. linking verb
2. My mother appeared exhausted after a hard day working on the paddy field.
3. Jane looks more beautiful when tying her hair.
4. Maria's grandmother used to look after her carefully when she was small.
5. He wants to become an inspiring teacher after graduating from his university.
6. The worldwide economic situation is getting worse and worse.
7. If you want to stay healthy, you should follow the doctor's advice.
8. She is going to stay at a friend's house in Ha Long Bay for 3days.
9. When my daughter grows older, she will understand what I do for her.
10. My aunt tasted this soup carefully.
Ex. 10. Choose the suitable word to complete each sentence.

7
1. What's the matter with you? You look happy/happily today.
2. He appears very excited/excitedly when looking at her.
3. I taste the soup very careful/carefully. Don't worry!
4. John appeared sudden/suddenly behind us and said hello to us.
5. He is shouting at his friend. He sounds very angry/angrily.
6. A: Why do you smell the milk? B: Because it smells terrible/terribly. You should throw it away.
7. This plant grows quickly/quick if it absorbs enough water.
8. He kept talking and his friends seemed annoyedly/annoyed.
9. The doctor checked my legs carefully/careful to see if there were any injuries.
10. She is looking for the colored pens serious/seriously because she needs them now.
Ex. 11. Complete the sentences using the linking verbs in brackets and the adjectives in the box. You can add
more words if necessary.
effective upset delicious exciting
surprised bad high active
1. This is one of the best restaurants in town. All the food there (taste)_____.
2. The local authority has decided to build a bigger community centre. The idea (seem)____
3. My parents didn’t expect me to win the first prize. I did win, but they didn’t (appear)____
4. Local people often compain about the new waste collection point in the area. It (smell)_____
5. Some people don’t earn much money. The cost of living (seem)______
6. Mrs Hoa is involved in many activities in the neighborhood. She (be)______
7. Most city dwellers travel on crowded buses and trains during rush hour. They often (become)______
8. In this city, private cars are banned from the city centre during rush hour. This (seem)____
Ex. 12. Choose the best answer for each of the following sentences.
1. Ami has said goodbye to her boyfriend for many months, but it doesn’t ______ she can forget their relationship.
A. get B. grow C. seem D. stay
2. For the reason of personal safety, the informant wishes to ________ anonymous.
A. seem B. look C. remain D. feel
3. It is likely that children spend less time talking with or going out with their parents when they _________older.
A. become B. grow C. get D. all are correct
4. Teenagers tend to ___ their relationship a secret if their parents are too strict to them.
A. keep B. appear C. stay D. sound
5. It doesn’t _____right for parents to force their teenage children to share everything with them.
A. taste B. become C. feel D. sound
6. It _______ like you are going through a hard time in your life.
A. hears B. listens C. sees D. sounds
7. To people who don’t know him, he probably ________ rather unfriendly.
A. sees B. sounds C. appears D. performs
8. What's the matter? You look ____.
A. happily B. sadly C. unhappy D. unhappily
9. I have been very __ up to this point, but I am going to lose my temper if you don't find my baggage immediately.
A. impatiently B. impatient C. patient D. patiently
10. You seem more ____ now. A. relaxed B. relax C. relaxing D. relaxingly
11. These watermelons were ____ sweet.
A. excepting B. exception C. exceptional D. exceptionally
12. The cake tastes ____. A. good B. goodly C. well D. bad
13. That kitten's fur ____ so soft.
A. looks B. sounds C. smells D. tastes
14. The waves crashed on the shore where they ____ cool on my hot feet.
A. appeared B. felt C. looked D. sounded
15. The milk went ____ within seven days from opening.
A. bad B. badly C. best D. well
16. You can't blame an automaker for wanting to design a car that looks ____, even if it doesn't have what it takes
under the hood.
A. fast B. fastly C. quick D. quickly
17. My darling, you looked ____ in that dress.
A. beauty B. beautify C. beautiful D. beautifully

8
18. She looked ____ around for a weapon.
A. desperate B. desperating C. desperately D. desperation
19. Nicole grew ____ from the hours of overtime at work. It became quite ____ that she needed a long vacation.
A. tired/obvious B. tired/obviously C. tiredly/obvious D. tiredly/obviously
20. The young girl sing ____.
A. amazing good B. amazing well C. amazingly good D. amazingly well
21. She said she would become a ____ singer ____.
A. famous/quick B. famous/quickly C. famously/quick D. famously/quickly
22. The skies became ____ as the moon moved between the Earth and the Sun.
A. surprising dark B. surprising darkly C. surprisingly dark D. surprisingly darkly
23. Jamie looked ________ in her new dress at her 20th
birthday party.
A. amazed B. amazing C. amaze D. amazingly
24. What’s wrong with your mother? She sounded very _ when I talked with her last Saturday at the supermarket.
A. sad B. sadness C. sadly D. sadder
25. Healthy relationships allow both partners to feel supported and connected but still feel ____.
A. dependence B. dependent C. depending D. independent
26. My mother sounded …………. on hearing that I would arrive home late.
A. angry B. angrily C. anger D. angerly
27. Tom sounded __________when I spoke to him on the phone.
A. angry B. angrily C. to be angry D. to be angrily
28. The garden looks _____ since you titied it up.
A. better B. well C. more good D. more well
29. The chef tasted the meat _____ before presenting it to the President.
A. cautious B. more cautious C. cautiously D. much cautiously
30. He did not come and she looked rather _____.
A. worry B. worrying C. worrier D. worried
31. 3To people who don’t know him he probably ___rather unfriendly.
A. sees B. sounds C. appears D. performs
32. Roof gardens have recently become very _____ in big cities.
A. trendy B. trend
33. The idea of building a new urban centre sounds _____. A. reason B. reasonable
34. With its unusual architecture, the new skyscraper looks ____. A. amazing B. amazed
35. Minh became _____ after he graduated from university. A. a city planner B. to plan
GRAMMAR: ADJECTIVES DESCRIBING PERSONALITY
A. ADJECTIVES ENDING “ING”, “ED”
 V-ING
- Tính từ đuôi “ing”: dùng để miêu tả về tính chất, đặc trưng của người, sự vật, hiện tượng.
Tính từ ở dạng V-ing được sử dụng khi danh từ mà nó bổ nghĩa đóng vai trò thực hiện hành động hoặc chịu trách
nhiệm về hành động đang được nhắc đến. Động từ trong câu thường không đi kèm tân ngữ và được dùng ở thì tiếp
diễn.
- Diễn tả bản chất hoặc tính chất của sự việc, hiện tượng…
Ví dụ: The film is very interesting.
Lúc này, tính từ interesting dùng để diễn tả tính chất của bộ phim.
 V-ED
- Tính từ đuôi ed: dùng để diễn tả cảm xúc hoặc nhận xét của người hoặc vật về một sự vật, hiện tượng hay sự việc
nào đó.
- Tính từ đuôi ed được sử dụng khi danh từ mà nó bổ nghĩa là đối tượng chịu sự tác động của hành động đang được
nhắc đến. Tức là nó diễn tả: ai đó đang cảm thấy thế nào về một sự việc/ hiện tượng.
Ví dụ: I’m interested in the film.
Lúc này, tính từ interested diễn tả cảm xúc của chủ ngữ đối với bộ phim.
Một số cặp tính từ đuôi ing và ed được sử dụng phổ biến trong câu
- alarming/alarmed: báo động
- depressing/depressed: chán, không còn hứng thú
- amusing/amused: cuốn hút
- discouraging/discouraged: nản lòng
- annoying/annoyed: nổi giận
- aggravating/aggravated: tăng lên
- astonishing/astonished: lạ lùng, khác lạ
- disturbing/disturbed: phiền hà

9
- embarrassing/embarrassed: lúng túng.
- disappointing/disappointed: thất vọng
- entertaining/entertained: thú vị.
- charming/charmed: duyên dáng
- fascinating/fascinated: hấp dẫn, quyến rũ, lôi cuốn
- confusing/confused: nhầm lẫn
- frightening/frightened: khủng hoảng.
- frustrating/frustrated: làm nản lòng
- interesting/interested: thú vị
- pleasing/pleased: vui, hài lòng
- surprising/surprised: bất ngờ.
- tiring/tired: mệt mỏi, chán ngán.
EX.1. Hoàn thành câu trong các tình huống bên dưới, sử dụng tính từ đuôi ing hoặc ed
1.1. This film wasn't as well as we had expected. (disappoint...)
a This film was disappointing.
b We were disappointed with this film.
1.2. Mary teaches blind children. It's a very hard job, but she loves it. (exhaust...)
a Mary loves her job but it's often ............... .
b At the end of a day's work, Mary is often ........ .
1.3. The air’s so fresh. I love this country. (interesting...)
a This country is ............... .
b This country makes me ............... .
1.4. Tiara is going to New York next week. It’s the first time she has visited this city. (excit...)
a It will be an ....... experience for her.
b Going to new places is always ............... .
c She is really ...... about going to New York.
EX.2. Chọn các tính từ đuôi ing và ed đúng nhất
2.1. I was disappointing/disappointed with the book. I had expected it to be better. (disappointed is correct)
2.2. Are you interesting/interested in soccer?
2.3. The hockey game was very exciting/excited. I enjoyed it.
2.4. It's sometimes embarrassing/embarrassed when you have to borrow money.
2.5. Do you easily get thrilling/thrilled?
2.6. I had never expected to get this project. I was really amazing/amazed when I was offered it.
2.7. She has really learnt very well. She has made astonishing/astonished semester.
2.8. I didn't find the situation funny. I was not amusing/amused.
2.9. It was a really frightening/frightened experience. Afterwards everybody was very worried/worrying.
2.10. Why do you always look so tiring/tired? Is your life really so tiring/tired?
B. ADJECTIVES DESCRIBING PERSONALITY
 Từ vựng về tính cách con người - tính cách tích cực
 Generous /’dʒenərəs/: rộng lượng
 Charming /’t∫ɑ:miη/: xinh đẹp, duyên dáng
 Discreet /dis’kri:t/: cẩn trọng, kín đáo
 Diligent /’dilidʒənt/: siêng năng
 Conscientious /,kɔn∫i’en∫əs/: chu đáo
 Clever /’klevə/: khéo léo
 Efficient /i’fi∫ənt/: có năng lực
 Courteous /’kə:tjəs/: lịch sự
 Creative /kri:’eitiv/: sáng tạo
 Courageous /kə’reidʒəs/: dũng cảm
 Hospitable /’hɔspitəbl/: hiếu khách
 Humble /’hʌmbl/: khiêm tốn
 Good /gʊd/: tốt, giỏi
 Gentle /’dʒentl/: hiền lành
 Friendly /’frendli/: gần gũi
 Cautious /’kɔ:∫əs/: cẩn trọng
 Honest /’ɔnist/: thật thà, lương thiện
 Intelligent /in’telidʒənt/: thông minh
 Punctual /’pʌηkt∫uəl/: đúng giờ
 Responsible /ri’spɔnsəbl/: có nghĩa vụ
 Humorous /’hju:mərəs/: hài hước
 Willing /’wiliη/: có thiện ý, sẵn lòng
 Nice /nais/: xinh đẹp, dễ thương
 Brave /breɪv/: Anh hùng.
 Careful /ˈkeəfl/: Cẩn thận.
 Cheerful /ˈtʃɪəfl/: Vui vẻ.
 Easy-going /ˌiːzi ˈɡəʊɪŋ/: Dễ gần.
 Exciting /ɪkˈsaɪtɪŋ/: Thú vị.
 Ambitious /æmˈbɪʃəs/: Có nhiều tham vọng.
 Calm /kɑm/ Điềm tĩnh
 Childish /ˈtʃaɪldɪʃ/ Ngây thơ, trẻ con
 Decisive /dɪˈsaɪsɪv/ Quyết đoán, kiên quyết
 Dynamic /daɪˈnæmɪk/ Năng động, năng nổ, sôi nổi
 Emotional /ɪˈmoʊʃənl/ Nhạy cảm, dễ xúc động
 Enthusiastic /ɪnˌθuziˈæstɪk/ Hăng hái, nhiệt tình
 Extroverted /ˈekstrəvɜːtɪd/ hướng ngoại
 Funny /ˈfʌni/ Vui vẻ, khôi hài
 Faithful /ˈfeɪθfl/ Chung thủy, trung thành, trung
thực
 Gentle /ˈdʒɛntl/ Dịu dàng, hòa nhã, hiền lành
 Gracious /ˈɡreɪʃəs/ Tử tế, hào hiệp, lịch thiệp
 Humorous /ˈhyumərəs/ tính tình vui vẻ hài hước
 Introverted /ˈɪntrəvɜːtɪd/ hướng nội
 Imaginative /ɪˈmædʒɪnətɪv/ giàu trí tưởng tượng

10
 Lovely /ˈlʌvli/ Đáng yêu
 Loyal /ˈlɔɪəl/ Trung thành, không phản bội
 Mature /məˈtʃʊr/ Chín chắn, trưởng thành
 Merciful /ˈmərsɪfl/ Nhân từ, khoan dung
 Mischievous /ˈmɪstʃəvəs/ Tinh nghịch, láu lỉnh
 Obedient /oʊˈbidiənt/ Ngoan ngoãn, vâng lời
 Observant /əbˈzərvənt/ Tinh ý, hay để ý mọi thứ
xung quanh
 Open-minded /ˌoʊpən’maɪndəd/ Phóng khoáng,
cởi mở
 Outgoing /ˈaʊtˌɡoʊɪŋ/ Thân mật, dễ gần, thoải mái
 Optimistic /ˌɑptəˈmɪstɪk/ có tinh thần lạc quan, yêu
đời
 Từ vựng về tính cách con người - tính cách tiêu cực
 Aggressive /əˈɡrɛsɪv/ chỉ tính tình hung hăng, dữ
tợn
 Ambitious /æmˈbɪʃəs/ Tham vọng
 Bad-tempered /ˌbæd ˈtempərd/ Nóng tính
 Bossy /ˈbɔsi/ Hống hách, hách dịch
 Boastful /ˈboʊstfl/ Khoe khoang, khoác lác
 Boring /ˈbɔrɪŋ/ Nhàm chán, chán nản
 Artful /ˈɑrtfl/ Xảo quyệt, tinh ranh
 Careless /ˈkɛrləs/ ẩu tả, vụng về, cẩu thả
 Competitive /kəmˈpɛt̮ət̮ɪv/ Ganh đua, thích cạnh
tranh
 Cowardly /ˈkaʊərdli/ yếu đuối, hèn nhát, sợ sệt
 Cruel /ˈkruəl/ ác độc, dữ tợn, tàn bạo, nhẫn tâm
 Envious /ˈɛnviəs/ Ganh tị, đố kỵ
 Fawning /ˈfɔnɪŋ/ Nịnh hót, xu nịnh
 Gruff /ɡrʌf/ Thô lỗ, cộc cằn
 Greedy /’gri:di/: tham lam
 Freakish /’fri:ki∫/: đồng bóng
 Egoistical /,egou’istikəl/: ích kỷ
 Dishonest /dis’ɔnist/: không trung thực
 Discourteous /dis’kə:tjəs/: bất lịch sự
 Crotchety /’krɔt∫iti/: cộc cằn
 Deceptive /di’septiv/: dối trá, lừa lọc
 Bossy /’bɔsi/: hống hách, hách dịch
 Contemptible /kən’temptəbl/: đáng khinh
 Blackguardly /’blægɑ:dli/: đê tiện
 Crafty /’krɑ:fti/: láu cá, xảo quyệt
 Badly-behaved /’bædli bɪˈheɪvd/: thô lỗ
 Conceited /kən’si:tid/: kiêu ngạo
 Brash /bræ∫/: hỗn láo
 Bad-tempered /’bæd’tempəd/: xấu tính
 Mean /mi:n/: bủn xỉn
 Stubborn /’stʌbən/: bướng bỉnh
 Artful /’ɑ:tful/: xảo quyệt
 Mad /mæd/: điên, khùng
 Tricky /’triki/: gian xảo
 Selfish /’selfi∫/: ích kỷ
 Haughty /ˈhɔt̮i/ Kiêu căng, kiêu kỳ, ngạo mạn
 Headstrong /ˈhɛdstrɔŋ/ Cứng đầu, bướng bỉnh
 Insolent /ˈɪnsələnt/ Láo xược, xấc láo
 Jealous /ˈdʒɛləs/ tị nạnh người khác
 Lazy /ˈleɪzi/ Lười biếng
 Malicious /məˈlɪʃəs/ thâm độc, hiểm ác, gian manh
 Naughty /ˈnɔt̮i/ Nghịch ngợm, quậy phá
 Reckless /ˈrɛkləs/ Hấp tấp, liều lĩnh, táo bạo
 Rude /rud/ ý chỉ sự thô lỗ, thiếu văn minh lịch sự
 Silly /ˈsɪli/ ngu ngốc, khờ khạo
 Thành ngữ tiếng Anh miêu tả tính cách con người
 A cool fish: Thành ngữ chỉ con người không thân thiện, dễ gần.
Ví dụ: Lan is a cool fish. She never speaks to anyone in the class.
 Have/has/got a heart of gold: Thành ngữ chỉ con người hiền lành, tốt bụng.
Ví dụ: Thanh has a heart of gold.
 An oddball: Thành ngữ chỉ con người có tính cách khác người, kỳ quặc, hài hước.
Ví dụ: Linda has made a successful career out of her oddball humor.
 A shady character: dùng để nói về một người không trung thực.
Ví dụ: She is a shady character. We need to be careful.
 A pain in the neck/ arse/ backside: thành ngữ nói về một người chuyên gây phiền phức cho người khác.
Ví dụ: She acts like all the people she works with are a pain in the neck.
 Cheap skate: dùng để nói về tính keo kiệt của một ai đó.
Ví dụ: John such a cheap skate that he fixs his computer.
 Worrywart: Thành ngữ miêu tả một ai đó cẩn thận hơn mức cần thiết.
Ví dụ: Hoa is real a worrywart.
 Teacher’s pet: thành ngữ miêu tả học sinh cưng
Ví dụ: Lan is the teacher’s pet. So even if she doesn't do her homework, she won't get scolded
 Mẫu câu ứng dụng từ vựng tiếng Anh về tính cách con người
3.1. Dùng trạng từ chỉ mức độ kết hợp với từ vựng chỉ tính cách để miêu tả một ai đó.
Trạng từ chỉ mức độ (so/ very/ quite/ really/ relatively/ a bit/ a little/ slightly) + tính từ tính cách.
Ví dụ: Peter is very careful. So his parent don’t need to worry him much.
3.2. Thêm một vài ví dụ liên quan đến hành động để làm nổi bật từ vựng chỉ tính cách.
Ví dụ: Hoa is a very hard-working person. She usually works overtime until 8pm every day.

11
3.3. Dùng những từ ngữ nhẹ nhàng, có ý nói giảm nói tránh hoặc dùng câu phủ định của những từ vựng chỉ
tính cách tích cực để nói về người tiêu cực.
Ví dụ: She is not very hard-working.
EXERCISE 1. Complete the sentences with theappropriate words
1. Tim never helps withthe housework. He’s so !
2. Zoe was of Linda. She was much prettier than Zoe,and more intelligent, too.
3. Karen rarely gets angry withpeople. She’s usually and understanding.
4. Pam is very . I’m sure you’ll like her when you meether.
5. The teacher felt very when all her students passed the exam.
6. My friend Rainia is very . She is good at learning things.
7. People who push in front of you in queues are very !
8. My sister Marisa is . I'm the opposite. I'm very outgoing.
9. My brother Jorge is very . His bedroom is always tidy.
10. My neighbour is a good person. She has been very to me
EXERCISE 2. Complete the sentences with “lazy/ cheerful/ optimistic/ shy/ curious/ bossy/ obedient/ bad –
tempered”
1. I don’t like talking to new people. I’m very____.
2. I always say what I think. I am an ____person.
3. I never get angry. I’m ____
4. My mobile is broken. I’m very_____
5. I never laugh. I’m a _____person.
6. I like Jim, but he’s dancing with Susan. I’m _____
7. I always give a lot of presents. I’m a _____ person.
8. I’m always angry. I’m a ______person.
9. I always say “thank you” and “please”. I’m very _____
10. I always help people. I’m a _____person.
EXERCISE 3. Complete each sentence with an adjective from the box. There are some extra.
bad-tempered big-headed bossy cheerful clever confident dishonest dull
easy-going friendly generous helpful impatient jealous lazy loyal
mean modest moody patient polite quiet rude selfish
sensible sensitive serious shy sociable talkative tidy unfriendly untidy
1. Susan is the most ___person I’ve ever met. She’s always smiling and telling jokes!
2. Ada is very ___. She always say “thank you” and “please”.
3. Patrick is very ____. He always does well in tests.
4. Sandra is so ____. She believes that nobody is better than her. She should be more _____.
5. My cousin Martha often tells me what to do. She’s a bit_____.
6. Don’t say unkind things to her. She’s very_____
7. My sister is always very _____. Everything in her room is in the right place. Nothing is______.
8. If your homework is difficult, you can ask Helen. She is always very ____and she’ll explain it to you.
9. Jim doesn’t do crazy things. He’s very _____.
10. My aunt is often angry. She’s really ____
11. Get up! Don’t be ____, Susan!
12. How ___Ronald is! He’s the most boring person in my class.
13. My neighbor is not generous. In fact, she is often quite____
14. Don’t leave money on the table. Some people are _____
15. Our new P.E teacher is very relaxed and friendly. He’s an _____person!
16. Ralph is _____ that he will win the match. He’s trained a lot.
17. Ted is making me crazy. Now he’s happy and five minutes later angry. I can’t stand____people.
18. My cousin Betty never shares her candies with her friends. She’s so ____. Nobody matters.
19. We really enjoy parties. We’re very _____and _____.
20. Luke is very _____. Sometimes you don’t know he is there.

12
21. My English teacher is always very_____. She will explain us anything if we don’t understand it.
22. Be _____and don’t waste your time. You have to study hard if you want to get good marks.
EXERCISE 4. Fill in the gaps with a word from the box. Only use each word ONCE.
selfish bad-tempered tough crafty sensitive sensible strict
trustworthy dull shy mean reliable stubborn silly
nice cheerful sympathetic clumsy loyal gentle
1. Janet is incredibly ………………………… . She always arrives on time and does her job well.
2. It’s impossible to say anything to him. One word and he starts crying. He is so ................................ !.
3. I wonder why he is so ................................. . He has got lots of money but he hates spending it.
4. When she was a child, her parents were incredibly .................... . Whenever she did the smallest thing wrong,
they would send her to bed.
5. Ann is such a .................................. girl. She is always laughing and smiling.
6. Come on, Maria!. You can’t go on a country walk wearing high heels. Do be ...................................... for once.
7. I’ll give you a lift home if you’re .................................. to me.
8. She was so ........................................ and understanding. When I told her my problems, I immediately felt better
afterwards.
9. In westerns, the hero is always ................................ . He always beats his enemies and can put up with any
hardship.
10. That’s the second cup you’ve broken this week. Why do you have to be so ............................... ? .
11. I think he is an extremely ................................ boy. He laughs at stupid things and never concentrates in class.
12. Children are often really ................................... . They hide behind their mothers when guests come.
13. Don’t be so .................................., Cathy. You’ve got to learn to share things with other children
14. She is 100% .............................................. . I’d leave my money, car, anything, for her to look after.
15. When I broke my leg, the nurse was so ........................................... that she hardly hurt me at all.
16. Why do you get angry all the time?. You are so ............................................
17. Bob is my best friend. He remained ........................................... through all my problems.
18. He is such a ....................................... person with his boring little job and his boring little life.
19. He is terribly .......................................... . Once he has made up his mind, it is impossible to get him to change it
even if it’s obvious that he is wrong.
20. The general was really .................................................. . Just when the enemy thought it had won the battle, he
played his best card.
EXERCISE 5. Wrie (X) for negative aspects or () for positve aspects
1. selfish
2. spoiled
3. talented
4. disorganised
5. nasty
6. mean
7. loyal
8. outgoing
9. clumsy
10. arrogant
11. moody
12. patient
13. humble
14. sincere
15. dominant
EXERCISE 6. FIND THE OPPOSITE
1. mean generous/ bright
2. rude polite/ moody
3. clever silly/ boosy
4. outgoing easygoing/ shy
5. lazy serious/ hardworking
6. brave friendly/ cowardly
7. depressed cheerful/ sad
8. arrogant helpful/ ridiculous
EXERCISE 7. Complete the table with a suitable negative prefixe or oppsite form of the following adjectives.
POSITIVE NEGATIVE POSITIVE NEGATIVE
Friendly
Reliable
Honest
Polite
Warm
Extroverted
Determined
Generous
Funny
Chatty
Puctual
Kind
Tolerant
Modest
Intelligent
Open-minded
Sweet
Good -hearted
Good -natured
Cheerful
Thoughtful
Discreet
Permissive
Sensitive

13
Peace-loving
Hard-working
Respectful
Sensible
Witty
GRAMMAR: WILL/ BE GOING TO
Choose the correct form of verbs (will or be going to) to fill in the blanks.
1. A: Why are you holding a piece of paper? - B: I (write) ........................ a letter to my friends back home in Texas.
A. am going to write B. will write
2. A: I'm about to fall asleep. I need to wake up! - B: I (get) .............. you a cup of coffee. That will wake you up.
A. am going to get B. will get
3. A: I can't hear the television! - B: I (turn) .............. it up so you can hear it.
A. are going to turn B. will turn
4. We are so excited about our trip next month to France. We (visit) .............. Paris, Nice and Grenoble.
A. are going to visit B. will visit
5. Ted: It is so hot in here! - Sarah: I (turn) .............. the air-conditioner on.
A. are going to turn B. will turn
6. I think he (be) .............. the next President of the United States.
A. going to be B. will be
7. After I graduate, I (attend) ........... medical school and become a doctor. I have wanted to be a doctor all my life.
A. am going to attend B. will attend
8. John: Wow, it's freezing out there.
Jane: I (make) .............. some coffee to warm us up. Do you want a piece of pie as well?
John: Coffee sounds great! But I (have) .............. dinner with some friends later, so I'd better skip the pie
Jane: I (go) .............. to dinner tonight too, but I'm having a piece of pie anyway.
A. will make – am going to have – am going B. will make – will have – will go
9. What terrible traffic! Just look at the long queue. We .............. miss our flight.
A. will B. are going to C. Both A & B.
10. I .............. send Alex your letter when I see her tomorrow.
A. will B. am going to C. Both A & B
11. The board of directors have reached the final decision. Harrison ........ lead the marketing team from next month.
A. will B. are going to C. Both A & B
12. I hope you .............. visit my new house in Charlington some time.
A. wil B. are going to C. Both A & B
13. In the future, many young people .............. start up their own businesses.
A. will B. are going to C. Both A & B
14. The sky is blue. It .............. another hot day.
A. will be B. is going to be C. Both A & B
15. Kate .............. us next Friday; she will be taking exams that day.
A. is not going to join B. isn't going to join C. Both A & B
16. A: What are your plans for the holiday?- B: I .............. my grandparents and then go trekking in Sapa.
A. am going to visit B. will go to visit C. will go
17. A: I can't fix the problem in my computer, Jason. - B: Alright. I .............. (take) a look at it.
A. will take B. am going to take C. Both A & B
18. What are you doing? The car engine has just broken. It .............. (not work).
A. are going to work B. won't work C. Both A & B
19. I .............. (take) you out for ice-cream as long as you get an A+ on your Math test.
A. will take B. going to take C. Both A & B
20. Do you think they .............. (win) the championship?
A. are going to win B. will win C. Both A & B
21. A: Do you want to have the pork or the beef? B: I think we .............. (have) the beef, please.
A. are going to B. will have C. Both A & B
22. According to schedule, rice and clothes .............. (be) distributed to nine poorest communes in the next project.
A. is going to be B. will be C. are going to be

14
KEY
KEY
1. reliable 11. silly
2. sensitive 12. shy
3. mean 13. selfish
4. strict 14. trustworthy
5. cheerful 15. gentle
6. sensible 16. bad-tempered
7. nice 17. loyal
8. sympathetic 18. dull
9. tough 19. stubborn
10. clumsy 20. crafty

Friends global - INTRODUCTION.docx