Fish
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Fish can be classified into bony fish and cartilaginous fish, and have a head, trunk, tail and fins with scales covering their body. They lay eggs, breathe through gills, are cold-blooded, live in water, and swim using their fins as they do not have legs or arms.
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17.2 Fish
Fishes have gills that extract oxygen from water. Water passes over the gills as fish swim, allowing oxygen to diffuse into blood vessels and carbon dioxide to diffuse out. There are three main classes of fish: jawless fish like lampreys and hagfish that lack jaws; cartilaginous fish like sharks that have skeletons made of cartilage; and bony fish, which is the largest class and have skeletons made of bone. Bony fish use a swim bladder to control their buoyancy and have scales and fins adapted for swimming.
Grade 10 (1)
Seafood includes any marine animal caught or raised for food, whether saltwater or freshwater. It is categorized into shellfish like mollusks such as bivalves, univalves, and cephalopods, as well as crustaceans like shrimp and crabs, and finfish including flatfish, roundfish, sardines, and milkfish. The anatomy of a fish includes both external features like fins, scales, eyes, and mouth, and internal organs like the heart, gills, and digestive system.
Fish and shellfish
This document provides information about different types of fish and shellfish, including:
- Fish breathe using gills and swim by moving their tail fin left and right.
- Examples of types of fish mentioned include mahi mahi, sardines, tilapia, flounder, and strawberry grouper.
- Shrimp are small crustaceans that live on ocean floors and eat plants and small animals. Female shrimp carry their eggs attached to their swimming legs.
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Animal kingdom
Vertebrates are animals with backbones and skeletons made of bones. They are divided into five groups - fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. Invertebrates do not have backbones or skeletons made of bones. They include animals like snails, worms, and insects. The document provides information on the characteristics of different vertebrate groups like how they breathe and examples of animals in each group. It also gives a brief definition of invertebrates and examples of types of invertebrates. Activities at the end ask readers to answer questions, match terms to pictures, and describe characteristics of specific animals.
Fish swim
Fish swim using undulations of their body and fins. They have a network of muscles that contract and relax to create waves that travel down the body and propel the fish forward. Fins provide control, thrust, lift, and drag. Forces acting on the fish include thrust from parts of the body pushing against water and lift and drag forces. Fish also generate lift using their swim bladder by inflating or deflating it with oxygen to control buoyancy. Forces resisting the fish's movement include frictional, pressure, and form drag.
Fish locomotion Notes
There are several forms of fish locomotion. The most common is carangiform locomotion, where fish sweep their caudal fin from side to side to move forward. Angulliform locomotion is used by fish with eel-like bodies, who send waves along their body length to push against water and propel themselves. Some stiff-bodied fish use ostraciform locomotion, wiggling their fins slowly. A few fish use labriform locomotion, paddling with pectoral fins. Ballistiform locomotion involves sending waves along fins like the anal fin, allowing knifefish to swim backward by reversing wave direction.
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17.2 Fish
Fishes have gills that extract oxygen from water. Water passes over the gills as fish swim, allowing oxygen to diffuse into blood vessels and carbon dioxide to diffuse out. There are three main classes of fish: jawless fish like lampreys and hagfish that lack jaws; cartilaginous fish like sharks that have skeletons made of cartilage; and bony fish, which is the largest class and have skeletons made of bone. Bony fish use a swim bladder to control their buoyancy and have scales and fins adapted for swimming.
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Seafood includes any marine animal caught or raised for food, whether saltwater or freshwater. It is categorized into shellfish like mollusks such as bivalves, univalves, and cephalopods, as well as crustaceans like shrimp and crabs, and finfish including flatfish, roundfish, sardines, and milkfish. The anatomy of a fish includes both external features like fins, scales, eyes, and mouth, and internal organs like the heart, gills, and digestive system.
Fish and shellfish
This document provides information about different types of fish and shellfish, including:
- Fish breathe using gills and swim by moving their tail fin left and right.
- Examples of types of fish mentioned include mahi mahi, sardines, tilapia, flounder, and strawberry grouper.
- Shrimp are small crustaceans that live on ocean floors and eat plants and small animals. Female shrimp carry their eggs attached to their swimming legs.
Different types of whales
Whales are large, streamlined mammals that live in the ocean. They breathe air, nurse their young with milk, and have body hair. There are several different types of whales, including the killer whale, humpback whale, beluga whale, fin whale, and bowhead whale. Each whale has distinguishing features like coloration, size, habitat, diet, and behaviors.
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Vertebrates are animals with backbones and skeletons made of bones. They are divided into five groups - fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. Invertebrates do not have backbones or skeletons made of bones. They include animals like snails, worms, and insects. The document provides information on the characteristics of different vertebrate groups like how they breathe and examples of animals in each group. It also gives a brief definition of invertebrates and examples of types of invertebrates. Activities at the end ask readers to answer questions, match terms to pictures, and describe characteristics of specific animals.
Fish swim
Fish swim using undulations of their body and fins. They have a network of muscles that contract and relax to create waves that travel down the body and propel the fish forward. Fins provide control, thrust, lift, and drag. Forces acting on the fish include thrust from parts of the body pushing against water and lift and drag forces. Fish also generate lift using their swim bladder by inflating or deflating it with oxygen to control buoyancy. Forces resisting the fish's movement include frictional, pressure, and form drag.
Fish locomotion Notes
There are several forms of fish locomotion. The most common is carangiform locomotion, where fish sweep their caudal fin from side to side to move forward. Angulliform locomotion is used by fish with eel-like bodies, who send waves along their body length to push against water and propel themselves. Some stiff-bodied fish use ostraciform locomotion, wiggling their fins slowly. A few fish use labriform locomotion, paddling with pectoral fins. Ballistiform locomotion involves sending waves along fins like the anal fin, allowing knifefish to swim backward by reversing wave direction.
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The document contains word problems about animals at a zoo, including: monkeys eating bananas, tigers eating kilos of meat per hour, elephants eating peanuts, ticket prices for school groups and families visiting the zoo, and rental prices for electric cars at the zoo. Solving these problems requires calculating totals for food consumed and ticket/rental costs based on numbers of animals, hours, and people visiting the zoo.
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The document summarizes information about 18 species of penguins and other seabirds like gulls, gannets, frigatebirds, and albatrosses. It discusses how penguins are expert swimmers and divers but cannot fly. It also provides details about the behaviors and habitats of gulls, gannets, frigatebirds, and albatrosses. The emperor penguin's favorite food is squid, gulls will scavenge discarded waste for food, and gannets plunge from heights into the water to catch fish and squid.
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Some fish have unusual adaptations that allow them to breathe air or survive on land. The Australian lungfish and certain gar fish can breathe air with lungs in addition to extracting oxygen from water with gills. The bichir and walking catfish can leave the water and move short distances on land by absorbing oxygen through their skin or through adaptations like tree-like organs growing from their gills.
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Clown fish are small, colorful fish that live among sea anemones in coral reefs. They have scales, gills, and an orange body with white stripes and black edges. Clown fish feed on algae and small invertebrates like mollusks and crustaceans. They lay eggs like other fish and reproduce oviparously.
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Sharks have fins and a cartilaginous skeleton. They are a type of fish that respire through five to seven gill slits on the sides of their heads. Sharks have highly streamlined bodies.
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The document contains word problems about animals at a zoo, including: monkeys eating bananas daily; tigers eating kilos of meat hourly over 4 hours; an elephant eating peanuts daily over 4 days; the ticket cost for a class of 20 students and 2 teachers visiting the zoo; and the ticket cost for a family of 2 children and 2 adults visiting the zoo. It also includes pricing information for renting an electric car for different time periods to visit the zoo.
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The document discusses matrix multiplication. It defines that two matrices can be multiplied if the number of columns of the first matrix is equal to the number of rows of the second matrix. The product matrix will have the same number of rows as the first matrix and the same number of columns as the second matrix. Examples are provided to demonstrate how to determine if matrix multiplication is possible and how to calculate the product of two matrices.
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To multiply a matrix by a number, multiply each element of the matrix by that number. For example, to multiply a 2x2 matrix by 2, multiply each element by 2. Similarly, to multiply by 3, multiply each element by 3. This process works for any real, imaginary, fractional or decimal number. Matrix addition and subtraction can only be done on matrices with the same dimensions, by adding or subtracting the corresponding elements. For scalar multiplication, each element of the product matrix is the scalar multiplied by the corresponding element of the original matrix.
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The document discusses matrix multiplication. It defines that for two matrices to be multiplied, the number of columns of the first matrix must equal the number of rows of the second matrix. The product matrix will have the same number of rows as the first matrix and the same number of columns as the second matrix. Examples are provided to demonstrate determining if matrices can be multiplied and calculating the actual product.
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Dokumen tersebut membahas model-model pembelajaran yang dapat diterapkan guru di kelas. Beberapa model yang disebutkan antara lain cooperative script, numbered heads together, jigsaw, problem based instruction, think pair share, debate, role playing, group investigation, dan talking stick. Dokumen ini juga menjelaskan ciri-ciri model pembelajaran yang baik seperti adanya keterlibatan peserta didik secara aktif dan kreatif serta penggunaan berbagai metode dan media pembelajaran.
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To multiply a matrix by a number, multiply each element of the matrix by that number. For example, to multiply a 2x2 matrix by 2, multiply each element by 2. Similarly, to multiply by 3, multiply each element by 3. This process works for any real, imaginary, fractional or decimal number. Matrix addition and subtraction can only be done on matrices with the same dimensions, by adding or subtracting the corresponding elements. For scalar multiplication, each element of the product matrix is the scalar multiplied by the corresponding element of the original matrix.
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Fish
- 2. bony fish and cartilaginous fish. FISH
- 3. FISH Fish are oviparous: They lay eggs
- 4. FISH Fish are cold-blooded
- 5. Fish breathe through gills FISH
- 6. PARTS OF THE BODY Fish have a head, a trunk, a tail and fins. They have a body covered with scales.
- 7. FISH Fish don't have legs or arms. They swim using their fins.
- 8. FISH All fish live in water, they are aquatic.