Financing for development impact
•Download as PPTX, PDF•
0 likes•250 views
The document discusses taxation in Pakistan and its importance for development. It notes that Pakistan faces obstacles to tax administration like weak capacity and inefficient collection. Properly organized tax systems are now accepted as engines of development. Both direct and indirect taxes are essential for bringing revenue to the state to fund public expenditures and promote economic growth, employment, and stability. However, in developing countries like Pakistan, direct taxation has limited scope so indirect taxation plays a more significant role.
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
IMPACT OF TAX REVENUE ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN RWANDA FROM 2007-2017.
Rwanda is working tirelessly to achieve economic growth and development. Taxation effective is the one tool to promote and to accelerate economic growth and development, several studies analyses the impact of tax on economic growth and economic development.
The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of tax revenue on economic growth in Rwanda from 2007-2017. Secondary data were sourced from Rwanda Revenue Authority (RRA) and National Institute of statistics of Rwanda (NISR) for the period spanning from 2007Q1-2017Q4. Descriptive data analysis was used and the variable considered here are: Gross domestic product (GDP) as proxy for economic growth, direct tax (DT), Tax on goods and services (TGS) and Tax on international trade and transaction (TITT). Significant literature review for this study is available.
The results of the unit root and the co-integration tests revealed that all variables are integrated of order one, I(1) and Johensen cointegration test indicate existence of a long-run equilibrium relationship among variables included in the model and we use also Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) estimation method for data analysis to estimate for short run result. The empirical findings showed that direct tax(DT)and tax on goods and services(TGS) variables have positive at 0.1631 to 0.60 31 respectively impact on economic growth, while Tax on international trade and transactions(TITT) variable has negative at -0.005913 and it impacts on economic growth.
This study recommends that the policymakers within government of Rwanda must improve both direct tax and tax on goods and services (domestic tax) and increase Taxes on international trade transactions (customs duties), it will harm economic growth of Rwanda therefore custom duties must be rationally reduced or abolished and free trade zones like Africa continental free trade area (AfCFTA) must create to foster increased exchange of goods and services across borders.
Key Words: Tax Revenue, economic growth, Gross domestic product, direct tax, tax on goods and services, tax on international trade and transaction, VECM, Rwanda
Functional Tax Governance Apparatus and Economic Development
The proportion of tax earnings to gross domestic
product (GDP) in Nigerian economy had been ranked and
affirmed the least in the sub-Sahara African and as
evolving economy, different reasons attested to this fact,
hence, the study is aimed at investigate the inherent lacuna
of tax governance apparatus in responses to economic
development as broad objective. The study employed field
research design, the research instrument that was deployed
for collection of data is purposive and structured
questionnaire targeted at elicit information from relevant
and related stakeholders in tax matters, the research
instrument and data collected were subjected to Cronbach
alpha test and heteroscedasticity test to affirm the
validity/reliability and best linear unbiased estimator of
data collected respectively. The result revealed that the
responsiveness of economic development to tax assessment,
tax policy and tax administration were statistically
significant inversely related while tax collection was
statistically insignificant related directly with economic
development. Thereby study concluded that poor
management and administration of tax system in Nigeria
responsible for adverse relationship that subsist between
the proportion of tax earnings to GDP and resulted
decayed and declined physical infrastructures and socioeconomic development.
The impact of tax administration(fod)project
in many nation which have being having problem in financing there development, who have fail in their tax administration which have reduce their national revenue.
The Effect of Tax Payment on the Performance of SMEs: The Case of Selected SM...
This document discusses a study that examined the effect of Ghana's tax payment system on the performance of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in the Ga West Municipal Assembly. The study utilized a survey of 102 managers and executive officers of SMEs, collecting data through questionnaires and interviews. Regression and correlation analyses were used to analyze the relationship between tax payments and SME financial performance, as measured by annual sales revenue. The results indicated that most respondents perceived Ghana's existing tax policies to have a negative impact on SME growth. The findings suggest the tax system could be reformed to better support SME development and align with their needs.
Final assignment
The document discusses the role of taxation in development. Taxation provides a major source of funding for government development activities. For developed countries, the tax to GDP ratio is above 25% while for developing countries like Bangladesh it is between 15-25%, currently at 12%. While Bangladesh GDP has grown, its tax revenue has also increased but mainly comes from a few large companies. The document calls for reforms in Bangladesh's tax administration system to expand the tax base and reduce corruption in order to increase tax collection and better fund development.
Position paper domestic revenue mobilization
This paper is targets the Government revenue authorities and finding innovative ways of raising revenue through the informal sector workers. All the revenue agencies are intensifying more revenue collection through old tax collection methods. This is done usually through the easy ways of PAYE, VAT and corporate taxes collection. The informal sector worker which account for 70% of the workforce are the least targeted for taxation. In view of growing public expenditure and reduction in annual budgetary support from development partners, there is the need to intensify domestic revenue generation through innovative strategies and capturing more informal sector workers.
An Introduction to Taxation
The document discusses taxation in India. It defines direct taxes as taxes levied directly on a person's income or wealth, such as income tax. The objectives of taxation are outlined as raising revenue for government spending, regulatory objectives like influencing consumption and production, developmental objectives like encouraging economic growth and employment, and reducing inequalities. Principles of taxation include adequacy, compatibility, convenience, efficiency, equity, neutrality, predictability, and simplicity. The document provides an introduction to direct taxation in India.
Public revenue
Meaning, Definition, Sources of Public Revenue, Merits and demerits of taxes, laffer curve, GST, VAT.
Recommended
IMPACT OF TAX REVENUE ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN RWANDA FROM 2007-2017.
Rwanda is working tirelessly to achieve economic growth and development. Taxation effective is the one tool to promote and to accelerate economic growth and development, several studies analyses the impact of tax on economic growth and economic development.
The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of tax revenue on economic growth in Rwanda from 2007-2017. Secondary data were sourced from Rwanda Revenue Authority (RRA) and National Institute of statistics of Rwanda (NISR) for the period spanning from 2007Q1-2017Q4. Descriptive data analysis was used and the variable considered here are: Gross domestic product (GDP) as proxy for economic growth, direct tax (DT), Tax on goods and services (TGS) and Tax on international trade and transaction (TITT). Significant literature review for this study is available.
The results of the unit root and the co-integration tests revealed that all variables are integrated of order one, I(1) and Johensen cointegration test indicate existence of a long-run equilibrium relationship among variables included in the model and we use also Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) estimation method for data analysis to estimate for short run result. The empirical findings showed that direct tax(DT)and tax on goods and services(TGS) variables have positive at 0.1631 to 0.60 31 respectively impact on economic growth, while Tax on international trade and transactions(TITT) variable has negative at -0.005913 and it impacts on economic growth.
This study recommends that the policymakers within government of Rwanda must improve both direct tax and tax on goods and services (domestic tax) and increase Taxes on international trade transactions (customs duties), it will harm economic growth of Rwanda therefore custom duties must be rationally reduced or abolished and free trade zones like Africa continental free trade area (AfCFTA) must create to foster increased exchange of goods and services across borders.
Key Words: Tax Revenue, economic growth, Gross domestic product, direct tax, tax on goods and services, tax on international trade and transaction, VECM, Rwanda
Functional Tax Governance Apparatus and Economic Development
The proportion of tax earnings to gross domestic
product (GDP) in Nigerian economy had been ranked and
affirmed the least in the sub-Sahara African and as
evolving economy, different reasons attested to this fact,
hence, the study is aimed at investigate the inherent lacuna
of tax governance apparatus in responses to economic
development as broad objective. The study employed field
research design, the research instrument that was deployed
for collection of data is purposive and structured
questionnaire targeted at elicit information from relevant
and related stakeholders in tax matters, the research
instrument and data collected were subjected to Cronbach
alpha test and heteroscedasticity test to affirm the
validity/reliability and best linear unbiased estimator of
data collected respectively. The result revealed that the
responsiveness of economic development to tax assessment,
tax policy and tax administration were statistically
significant inversely related while tax collection was
statistically insignificant related directly with economic
development. Thereby study concluded that poor
management and administration of tax system in Nigeria
responsible for adverse relationship that subsist between
the proportion of tax earnings to GDP and resulted
decayed and declined physical infrastructures and socioeconomic development.
The impact of tax administration(fod)project
in many nation which have being having problem in financing there development, who have fail in their tax administration which have reduce their national revenue.
The Effect of Tax Payment on the Performance of SMEs: The Case of Selected SM...
This document discusses a study that examined the effect of Ghana's tax payment system on the performance of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in the Ga West Municipal Assembly. The study utilized a survey of 102 managers and executive officers of SMEs, collecting data through questionnaires and interviews. Regression and correlation analyses were used to analyze the relationship between tax payments and SME financial performance, as measured by annual sales revenue. The results indicated that most respondents perceived Ghana's existing tax policies to have a negative impact on SME growth. The findings suggest the tax system could be reformed to better support SME development and align with their needs.
Final assignment
The document discusses the role of taxation in development. Taxation provides a major source of funding for government development activities. For developed countries, the tax to GDP ratio is above 25% while for developing countries like Bangladesh it is between 15-25%, currently at 12%. While Bangladesh GDP has grown, its tax revenue has also increased but mainly comes from a few large companies. The document calls for reforms in Bangladesh's tax administration system to expand the tax base and reduce corruption in order to increase tax collection and better fund development.
Position paper domestic revenue mobilization
This paper is targets the Government revenue authorities and finding innovative ways of raising revenue through the informal sector workers. All the revenue agencies are intensifying more revenue collection through old tax collection methods. This is done usually through the easy ways of PAYE, VAT and corporate taxes collection. The informal sector worker which account for 70% of the workforce are the least targeted for taxation. In view of growing public expenditure and reduction in annual budgetary support from development partners, there is the need to intensify domestic revenue generation through innovative strategies and capturing more informal sector workers.
An Introduction to Taxation
The document discusses taxation in India. It defines direct taxes as taxes levied directly on a person's income or wealth, such as income tax. The objectives of taxation are outlined as raising revenue for government spending, regulatory objectives like influencing consumption and production, developmental objectives like encouraging economic growth and employment, and reducing inequalities. Principles of taxation include adequacy, compatibility, convenience, efficiency, equity, neutrality, predictability, and simplicity. The document provides an introduction to direct taxation in India.
Public revenue
Meaning, Definition, Sources of Public Revenue, Merits and demerits of taxes, laffer curve, GST, VAT.
Resource mobilization in ghana
The document discusses revenue mobilization in Ghana and achieving the sustainable development goals. It notes that revenue mobilization has been a major problem for district assemblies, who often do not collect all estimated revenues. Other avenues of revenue generation need to be explored to expand the tax base. Achieving the SDGs will require effective collection and use of taxes as well as fiscal decentralization. Corruption and a lack of education on tax responsibilities have contributed to low revenue mobilization in the past. Solutions include providing jobs, strengthening the economy, increasing productivity, expanding the tax base, and practicing good governance.
Tax structure in developing countries
This document discusses fiscal policy and taxation systems in developing countries. It notes that fiscal policy uses government spending and revenue collection to influence the economy. The goals of fiscal policy include accelerating growth, maintaining price stability, reducing inequality, and generating jobs. It also discusses different types of taxes and revenues sources, as well as weaknesses of developing country tax systems like low collection rates, agricultural tax exemptions, and frequent changes. To improve, countries should lower high income tax rates, tax agriculture, promote a progressive system, and pursue stability and simplicity in tax rates and types.
Public economics
The document discusses four key functions of public finance: allocation, distribution, stabilization, and growth. It also discusses principles for evaluating a good tax system, including revenue adequacy, stability, simplicity, tax neutrality, economic efficiency, and low administration and compliance costs. The document compares tax systems before and after reforms, noting the need to tailor reforms to a country's existing economic system and administrative capabilities.
A causality analysis between tax audit and tax compliance in nigeria
This document examines the relationship between tax audit and tax compliance in Nigeria. It analyzes data collected from questionnaires administered to 204 respondents. The empirical analysis found a significant relationship between random tax audits, cut-off tax audits, and conditional tax audits on tax compliance in Nigeria. The paper concludes that tax audits are an effective compliance strategy to improve tax compliance, as many Nigerians are known to evade or avoid taxes. It recommends that the government increase transparency around tax revenue collection and expenditure, faithfully implement tax laws regardless of status, and improve the standard of tax audits.
Shadow Economy
The document discusses the shadow economy, which includes legal production of goods and services that are deliberately concealed from authorities. Reasons for participating include avoiding taxes, minimum wages, or administrative procedures. The shadow economy includes monetary transactions like tax evasion, as well as non-monetary transactions like bartering and do-it-yourself work. Causes of the shadow economy include high taxes, regulations, and corruption. The shadow economy impacts equity, market competition, and tax systems. Recommendations to address it include reducing the tax burden, reforming social security systems, making administrations more efficient, and decreasing regulation.
Tax system in nigeria – challenges and the way forward
This document discusses challenges facing Nigeria's tax system. It outlines several key challenges: lack of statistical tax data, inability to prioritize tax efforts, poor tax administration due to understaffing and lack of training, and multiplicity of taxes. The document examines these challenges in more detail and argues that addressing these issues is important for establishing an efficient and effective tax regime in Nigeria.
Ey006
This document discusses tax reforms in Kenya that were recommended by the IMF to increase tax revenue. It finds that while trade liberalization increased tax revenues from imports in the short term, domestic tax reforms like VAT and income taxes have not increased revenue as much as hoped due to structural economic limitations. Further trade liberalization proposed by the IMF risks reducing tax revenues, which could undermine development programs given constraints on expanding domestic taxation. The document argues Kenya should maintain some tariffs in the short term to fund expanding the tax base long term through projects like increasing wages.
Financing for Development: Getting Nigeria out of Recession
In 2016, the Nigerian economy shrank by 1.5% being its first recession in over 20 years. The country in this circumstance will never be able to address participate in the achieving the sustainable development goals. The brief slide hopes to give a concise option of what the Nigerian government can do to be able to get out recession into the path of economic growth.
Taxable capacity
The document discusses taxable capacity in India. Taxable capacity refers to the maximum amount a community can contribute to taxation without undue strain. In India, taxable capacity varies between good and bad years and depends heavily on the fluctuating agricultural sector. Generally, a country's taxable capacity depends on factors like per capita income, income inequality, the effects of taxation, and the impact of public spending on economic growth. While India's taxable capacity was historically low due to factors like poverty, population growth, and a small international trade sector, it has increased since independence through economic development programs, rising national income, and recent economic reforms. However, the document concludes that India has yet to reach its full limit of taxable capacity
Klibel5 acc 32_
This document summarizes a research paper that studied the influence of taxpayer awareness and tax morale on tax evasion in Bandung, Indonesia. The study used a survey questionnaire to collect data from 436 taxpayers. It analyzed the data using path analysis and found that both taxpayer awareness and tax morale partially and simultaneously had a significant negative effect on tax evasion. The study concluded that increasing taxpayer awareness and tax morale can reduce levels of tax evasion.
Causal relationship between government tax revenue growth and economic growth...
The International Institute for Science, Technology and Education (IISTE). Science, Technology and Medicine Journals Call for Academic Manuscripts
FACTORS AFFECTING TAX COMPLIANCE AMONG SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES IN KITALE...
Abstract:This study seeks to establish factors affecting tax compliance by Small and Medium Enterprises, with special emphasis on Income Tax and Value Added Tax and their effects on government revenue. Tax compliance level which is internal factor affecting tax revenue not only undermines tax administration infrastructure but also makes the tax base narrow and inequitable. The objectives of the study include establishing the influence of compliance cost, fines and penalties and attitudes of tax compliance among Small and Medium Enterprises. The study adopts a descriptive research design involving both qualitative and quantitative research methodology. The target population was 200, out of which a sample size of 132 respondents were drawn, using stratified and simple random sampling. Questionnaires were used to collect primary data from the respondents, which were analyzed using SPSS applying both descriptive and inferential analysis. There was a positive relationship between the tax and compliance cost (r=.514), fines and penalties (r=.415) attitudes (r=.546) and tax compliance. The findings showed that compliance cost, fines and penalties and attitude had significant relationship with tax compliance. It is recommended that the tax system should provide a clear and simple guideline on how to fill tax returns but also enhance taxpayer education services to enable the taxpayers understand their rights and obligations as taxpayers, there should be moderate levels of fines and taxes so that SMEs are encouraged to comply since they will keep accurate records for taxation purposes in order to avoid fines and penalties.
Keywords: Direct tax, Indirect tax, Medium enterprise, Productive expenditure, tax evasion, tax impact.
An Assessment of revenue generation drive of Lagos state government through e...
Effective taxation is critical for generating government revenue but many nations struggle with administration and compliance issues. In Lagos State, low oil prices reduced funds, increasing the urgency of boosting internally generated revenue. This study examines how Lagos State improved tax administration and the impact on revenue, citizens, and development. It analyzes the state's efforts to transform its revenue base and infrastructure for its growing population through more efficient revenue collection.
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI)
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Humanities and Social Science. IJHSSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Humanities and Social Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Economics:Public Revenue
The document discusses public revenue, which is the income of the government from all sources used to fund its operations and provide services. Public revenue comes from tax receipts like income tax, as well as non-tax sources like user fees, borrowing, and income from state-owned businesses. It describes different types of taxes like direct and indirect taxes, and characteristics of a tax system, including progressive, proportional, and regressive structures. Specific topics covered include tax revenue, non-tax revenue, types of taxes, and principles of taxation.
India Budget 2018 ...Changing Landscape - An Analysis by K. C. Mehta & Co.
This document provides an overview and summary of the key aspects of the Indian economy based on the Economic Survey of 2017-18. Some of the main points covered in the 3 sentences are:
1) The Economic Survey analyzed the Indian economy using big data from sources like GST, EPFO, ESIC to provide new perspectives on economic indicators and issues like the gender gap.
2) Key findings included that over 30% of non-agricultural jobs were in the formal sector based on social security enrollment, states' prosperity correlated more strongly with international trade than domestic trade, and the agricultural sector is becoming more feminized.
3) The document also summarizes fiscal trends like tax revenue growth and deficits,
2 ojeka stephen a
This document summarizes a research journal article about the relationship between tax policy and the growth of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Nigeria. The study found that Nigerian SMEs face problems like high tax rates, multiple taxation, complex regulations, and lack of tax education. It revealed a significant negative relationship between taxes and SMEs' ability to sustain and expand their businesses. The document recommends increasing tax incentives for SMEs, such as reducing tax rates and increasing support services, in order to create an environment that encourages SME growth and compliance.
Asignment arifa-fiscal policy and its importance
This document is a student assignment submitted by Arifa Dars to her professor Vishnu Mal Parmar on the topic of fiscal policy and its importance for the Pakistani economy. It contains the following key points:
1. It defines fiscal policy as the use of government spending and taxation to influence the economy, focusing on its effects on overall output and aggregate demand.
2. It discusses the microeconomic and macroeconomic objectives of fiscal policy in Pakistan, including income distribution, social services, investment in public goods, and maintaining stable prices, output, and the balance of payments.
3. It examines the functions of fiscal policy including allocation of funds, distribution of funds, stabilization of economic growth, and development through
Tax simplification and fbr
problem of tax collection tax simplification and its impact on federal board of revenue Pakistan , mind sets of people about FBR , Steps taken by FBR
Political Economy of Taxation in Pakistan
The document discusses issues with Pakistan's current tax system and proposes reforms. It notes that the complex tax regime creates difficulties for businesses and discourages foreign investment. The system includes many withholding taxes that increase costs and are not present in peer countries. It is proposed that Pakistan establish an independent national tax authority to simplify laws, coordinate between federal and provincial authorities, and recruit tax officials through a single civil service. The goal is to establish a new social contract with taxpayers by making compliance less burdensome and growing the formal economy.
Economic policies - mba-
This document summarizes an assignment submitted on economic policy modules, including privatization, fiscal policy, and monetary policy in India. It discusses objectives and instruments of fiscal policy like taxation, public borrowing, and expenditure. It outlines the Raja Chelliah Committee recommendations on tax reforms and the objectives of monetary policy like growth, stability, and employment. Tools of monetary policy discussed include bank rate, cash reserve ratio, open market operations, and moral suasion.
FISCAL POLICY.of india.pptx
Fiscal policy in India aims to mobilize resources, promote investment and economic development, and achieve social objectives like reducing inequality and poverty. It involves decisions around tax revenue, spending, borrowing, and deficits. While fiscal policy has helped increase investment and savings, it has also faced issues like a reliance on indirect taxes, rising deficits, inflation, and losses in public sector enterprises. Reforms are needed like broadening the tax base, increasing direct taxes, simplifying the tax structure, reducing non-development spending, and improving public sector profitability.
More Related Content
What's hot
Resource mobilization in ghana
The document discusses revenue mobilization in Ghana and achieving the sustainable development goals. It notes that revenue mobilization has been a major problem for district assemblies, who often do not collect all estimated revenues. Other avenues of revenue generation need to be explored to expand the tax base. Achieving the SDGs will require effective collection and use of taxes as well as fiscal decentralization. Corruption and a lack of education on tax responsibilities have contributed to low revenue mobilization in the past. Solutions include providing jobs, strengthening the economy, increasing productivity, expanding the tax base, and practicing good governance.
Tax structure in developing countries
This document discusses fiscal policy and taxation systems in developing countries. It notes that fiscal policy uses government spending and revenue collection to influence the economy. The goals of fiscal policy include accelerating growth, maintaining price stability, reducing inequality, and generating jobs. It also discusses different types of taxes and revenues sources, as well as weaknesses of developing country tax systems like low collection rates, agricultural tax exemptions, and frequent changes. To improve, countries should lower high income tax rates, tax agriculture, promote a progressive system, and pursue stability and simplicity in tax rates and types.
Public economics
The document discusses four key functions of public finance: allocation, distribution, stabilization, and growth. It also discusses principles for evaluating a good tax system, including revenue adequacy, stability, simplicity, tax neutrality, economic efficiency, and low administration and compliance costs. The document compares tax systems before and after reforms, noting the need to tailor reforms to a country's existing economic system and administrative capabilities.
A causality analysis between tax audit and tax compliance in nigeria
This document examines the relationship between tax audit and tax compliance in Nigeria. It analyzes data collected from questionnaires administered to 204 respondents. The empirical analysis found a significant relationship between random tax audits, cut-off tax audits, and conditional tax audits on tax compliance in Nigeria. The paper concludes that tax audits are an effective compliance strategy to improve tax compliance, as many Nigerians are known to evade or avoid taxes. It recommends that the government increase transparency around tax revenue collection and expenditure, faithfully implement tax laws regardless of status, and improve the standard of tax audits.
Shadow Economy
The document discusses the shadow economy, which includes legal production of goods and services that are deliberately concealed from authorities. Reasons for participating include avoiding taxes, minimum wages, or administrative procedures. The shadow economy includes monetary transactions like tax evasion, as well as non-monetary transactions like bartering and do-it-yourself work. Causes of the shadow economy include high taxes, regulations, and corruption. The shadow economy impacts equity, market competition, and tax systems. Recommendations to address it include reducing the tax burden, reforming social security systems, making administrations more efficient, and decreasing regulation.
Tax system in nigeria – challenges and the way forward
This document discusses challenges facing Nigeria's tax system. It outlines several key challenges: lack of statistical tax data, inability to prioritize tax efforts, poor tax administration due to understaffing and lack of training, and multiplicity of taxes. The document examines these challenges in more detail and argues that addressing these issues is important for establishing an efficient and effective tax regime in Nigeria.
Ey006
This document discusses tax reforms in Kenya that were recommended by the IMF to increase tax revenue. It finds that while trade liberalization increased tax revenues from imports in the short term, domestic tax reforms like VAT and income taxes have not increased revenue as much as hoped due to structural economic limitations. Further trade liberalization proposed by the IMF risks reducing tax revenues, which could undermine development programs given constraints on expanding domestic taxation. The document argues Kenya should maintain some tariffs in the short term to fund expanding the tax base long term through projects like increasing wages.
Financing for Development: Getting Nigeria out of Recession
In 2016, the Nigerian economy shrank by 1.5% being its first recession in over 20 years. The country in this circumstance will never be able to address participate in the achieving the sustainable development goals. The brief slide hopes to give a concise option of what the Nigerian government can do to be able to get out recession into the path of economic growth.
Taxable capacity
The document discusses taxable capacity in India. Taxable capacity refers to the maximum amount a community can contribute to taxation without undue strain. In India, taxable capacity varies between good and bad years and depends heavily on the fluctuating agricultural sector. Generally, a country's taxable capacity depends on factors like per capita income, income inequality, the effects of taxation, and the impact of public spending on economic growth. While India's taxable capacity was historically low due to factors like poverty, population growth, and a small international trade sector, it has increased since independence through economic development programs, rising national income, and recent economic reforms. However, the document concludes that India has yet to reach its full limit of taxable capacity
Klibel5 acc 32_
This document summarizes a research paper that studied the influence of taxpayer awareness and tax morale on tax evasion in Bandung, Indonesia. The study used a survey questionnaire to collect data from 436 taxpayers. It analyzed the data using path analysis and found that both taxpayer awareness and tax morale partially and simultaneously had a significant negative effect on tax evasion. The study concluded that increasing taxpayer awareness and tax morale can reduce levels of tax evasion.
Causal relationship between government tax revenue growth and economic growth...
The International Institute for Science, Technology and Education (IISTE). Science, Technology and Medicine Journals Call for Academic Manuscripts
FACTORS AFFECTING TAX COMPLIANCE AMONG SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES IN KITALE...
Abstract:This study seeks to establish factors affecting tax compliance by Small and Medium Enterprises, with special emphasis on Income Tax and Value Added Tax and their effects on government revenue. Tax compliance level which is internal factor affecting tax revenue not only undermines tax administration infrastructure but also makes the tax base narrow and inequitable. The objectives of the study include establishing the influence of compliance cost, fines and penalties and attitudes of tax compliance among Small and Medium Enterprises. The study adopts a descriptive research design involving both qualitative and quantitative research methodology. The target population was 200, out of which a sample size of 132 respondents were drawn, using stratified and simple random sampling. Questionnaires were used to collect primary data from the respondents, which were analyzed using SPSS applying both descriptive and inferential analysis. There was a positive relationship between the tax and compliance cost (r=.514), fines and penalties (r=.415) attitudes (r=.546) and tax compliance. The findings showed that compliance cost, fines and penalties and attitude had significant relationship with tax compliance. It is recommended that the tax system should provide a clear and simple guideline on how to fill tax returns but also enhance taxpayer education services to enable the taxpayers understand their rights and obligations as taxpayers, there should be moderate levels of fines and taxes so that SMEs are encouraged to comply since they will keep accurate records for taxation purposes in order to avoid fines and penalties.
Keywords: Direct tax, Indirect tax, Medium enterprise, Productive expenditure, tax evasion, tax impact.
An Assessment of revenue generation drive of Lagos state government through e...
Effective taxation is critical for generating government revenue but many nations struggle with administration and compliance issues. In Lagos State, low oil prices reduced funds, increasing the urgency of boosting internally generated revenue. This study examines how Lagos State improved tax administration and the impact on revenue, citizens, and development. It analyzes the state's efforts to transform its revenue base and infrastructure for its growing population through more efficient revenue collection.
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI)
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Humanities and Social Science. IJHSSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Humanities and Social Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Economics:Public Revenue
The document discusses public revenue, which is the income of the government from all sources used to fund its operations and provide services. Public revenue comes from tax receipts like income tax, as well as non-tax sources like user fees, borrowing, and income from state-owned businesses. It describes different types of taxes like direct and indirect taxes, and characteristics of a tax system, including progressive, proportional, and regressive structures. Specific topics covered include tax revenue, non-tax revenue, types of taxes, and principles of taxation.
India Budget 2018 ...Changing Landscape - An Analysis by K. C. Mehta & Co.
This document provides an overview and summary of the key aspects of the Indian economy based on the Economic Survey of 2017-18. Some of the main points covered in the 3 sentences are:
1) The Economic Survey analyzed the Indian economy using big data from sources like GST, EPFO, ESIC to provide new perspectives on economic indicators and issues like the gender gap.
2) Key findings included that over 30% of non-agricultural jobs were in the formal sector based on social security enrollment, states' prosperity correlated more strongly with international trade than domestic trade, and the agricultural sector is becoming more feminized.
3) The document also summarizes fiscal trends like tax revenue growth and deficits,
2 ojeka stephen a
This document summarizes a research journal article about the relationship between tax policy and the growth of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Nigeria. The study found that Nigerian SMEs face problems like high tax rates, multiple taxation, complex regulations, and lack of tax education. It revealed a significant negative relationship between taxes and SMEs' ability to sustain and expand their businesses. The document recommends increasing tax incentives for SMEs, such as reducing tax rates and increasing support services, in order to create an environment that encourages SME growth and compliance.
What's hot (17)
A causality analysis between tax audit and tax compliance in nigeria
A causality analysis between tax audit and tax compliance in nigeria
Tax system in nigeria – challenges and the way forward
Tax system in nigeria – challenges and the way forward
Financing for Development: Getting Nigeria out of Recession
Financing for Development: Getting Nigeria out of Recession
Causal relationship between government tax revenue growth and economic growth...
Causal relationship between government tax revenue growth and economic growth...
FACTORS AFFECTING TAX COMPLIANCE AMONG SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES IN KITALE...
FACTORS AFFECTING TAX COMPLIANCE AMONG SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES IN KITALE...
An Assessment of revenue generation drive of Lagos state government through e...
An Assessment of revenue generation drive of Lagos state government through e...
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI)
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI)
India Budget 2018 ...Changing Landscape - An Analysis by K. C. Mehta & Co.
India Budget 2018 ...Changing Landscape - An Analysis by K. C. Mehta & Co.
Similar to Financing for development impact
Asignment arifa-fiscal policy and its importance
This document is a student assignment submitted by Arifa Dars to her professor Vishnu Mal Parmar on the topic of fiscal policy and its importance for the Pakistani economy. It contains the following key points:
1. It defines fiscal policy as the use of government spending and taxation to influence the economy, focusing on its effects on overall output and aggregate demand.
2. It discusses the microeconomic and macroeconomic objectives of fiscal policy in Pakistan, including income distribution, social services, investment in public goods, and maintaining stable prices, output, and the balance of payments.
3. It examines the functions of fiscal policy including allocation of funds, distribution of funds, stabilization of economic growth, and development through
Tax simplification and fbr
problem of tax collection tax simplification and its impact on federal board of revenue Pakistan , mind sets of people about FBR , Steps taken by FBR
Political Economy of Taxation in Pakistan
The document discusses issues with Pakistan's current tax system and proposes reforms. It notes that the complex tax regime creates difficulties for businesses and discourages foreign investment. The system includes many withholding taxes that increase costs and are not present in peer countries. It is proposed that Pakistan establish an independent national tax authority to simplify laws, coordinate between federal and provincial authorities, and recruit tax officials through a single civil service. The goal is to establish a new social contract with taxpayers by making compliance less burdensome and growing the formal economy.
Economic policies - mba-
This document summarizes an assignment submitted on economic policy modules, including privatization, fiscal policy, and monetary policy in India. It discusses objectives and instruments of fiscal policy like taxation, public borrowing, and expenditure. It outlines the Raja Chelliah Committee recommendations on tax reforms and the objectives of monetary policy like growth, stability, and employment. Tools of monetary policy discussed include bank rate, cash reserve ratio, open market operations, and moral suasion.
FISCAL POLICY.of india.pptx
Fiscal policy in India aims to mobilize resources, promote investment and economic development, and achieve social objectives like reducing inequality and poverty. It involves decisions around tax revenue, spending, borrowing, and deficits. While fiscal policy has helped increase investment and savings, it has also faced issues like a reliance on indirect taxes, rising deficits, inflation, and losses in public sector enterprises. Reforms are needed like broadening the tax base, increasing direct taxes, simplifying the tax structure, reducing non-development spending, and improving public sector profitability.
Public Finance [fiscal policy]
The document discusses the key concepts and objectives of fiscal policy. It defines fiscal policy as using government spending, taxation and borrowing to influence economic activity and goals such as employment levels, inflation, and income distribution. The objectives of fiscal policy in developing countries are outlined as increasing capital formation, national income, price stability, equal income distribution, reducing unemployment, decreasing regional disparities, and improving the balance of payments. Tools of fiscal policy discussed include public revenue, expenditure, debt, and deficit financing.
Fiscal Policy
This document discusses fiscal policy and its objectives. It provides information on fiscal policy tools used by governments to influence economic growth, employment and prices. The key objectives of fiscal policy are mobilizing resources, accelerating economic growth, minimizing income inequality, increasing employment opportunities, and maintaining price stability. Examples of fiscal tools include taxation, public expenditure, borrowing. The document also summarizes Indian fiscal policy goals of rapid growth, employment expansion, reducing disparities.
Taxation in Pakistan Presentation-I.
The document provides an overview of taxation in Pakistan, including:
1) It compares tax revenue statistics from Pakistan, India, and Bangladesh for the year 2014-2015, showing that Pakistan collects 40% of its revenue from taxes while India collects 57%.
2) It describes Pakistan's tax system which is overseen by the Federal Board of Revenue and includes both direct taxes like income tax and indirect taxes like sales tax.
3) It acknowledges perceptions among the general public in Pakistan that taxes are not used effectively by the government and that corruption is prevalent, contributing to a lack of trust in the tax system.
Public economics
The document discusses four key functions of public finance:
1) Allocation - Taxation is used to fund public goods like defense and infrastructure that are unprofitable to produce privately.
2) Redistribution - Redistribution through public expenditures is more effective than the tax system alone at redistributing wealth over time in a way that promotes growth.
3) Stabilization - Tax and spending policies aim to keep the actual income level close to potential to promote full employment and price stability.
4) Growth - The most important objective, policies aim to promote capital accumulation, education, and productivity to boost per capita incomes over time.
Fiscal policy
Fiscal policy refers to the government's taxing and spending policies and their impact on the economy. Fiscal policy aims to achieve full employment, reduce inequality, maintain price stability, and support economic development and infrastructure growth. It involves manipulating factors like taxes, subsidies, and government borrowing to influence aggregate demand. When the economy is in recession, the government will typically increase spending and cut taxes to stimulate growth.
Business Environment - Unit-5 - IMBA - Osmania University
The document provides an overview of key topics related to business environment and economic policies in India. It discusses 5 units: 1) business environment analysis, 2) Indian financial systems, 3) economic policies of India, 4) liberalization, privatization and globalization in the Indian economy, and 5) economic survey and union budget. The final section focuses on fiscal policy, taxation, and key concepts like value added tax. It outlines India's direct and indirect tax structures and recent reforms to taxation.
Presentation 02-12-2021.pptx
The document summarizes the challenges of broadening Pakistan's tax base and ways to address it. It notes that Pakistan has a narrow tax base relative to its GDP and population size compared to other countries. This results in a low tax-to-GDP ratio, limiting revenue generation. Key challenges include a small number of taxpayers, tax exemptions, an informal sector, and reliance on indirect taxes. To broaden the base, the document recommends reducing exemptions, improving enforcement, increasing the number of registered taxpayers, taxing underrepresented sectors like agriculture fairly, and lowering rates to encourage compliance. Expanding the tax base in a equitable manner is crucial for strengthening public finances.
SDPI Pre-Budget Proposals
This document provides pre-budget proposals from the Sustainable Development Policy Institute (SDPI) for the 2015-16 budget in Pakistan. It recommends measures to promote sustainable development and job creation through fiscal policy interventions. Key proposals include lowering corporate and income tax rates, reducing exemptions, increasing social spending, reforming property taxes, and mobilizing additional revenue through improved tax compliance and administration. The proposals are based on consultations with stakeholders and aim to boost the economy while protecting the vulnerable.
Revised National Tax Policy
The document provides Nigeria's National Tax Policy, outlining its objectives, guidelines, and framework for implementation.
The key points are:
1. It establishes guidelines for Nigeria's tax system, including principles of equity, simplicity, and using taxation as a tool for economic development.
2. It defines the responsibilities of stakeholders like the government, taxpayers, and revenue agencies.
3. It provides direction for tax administration, focusing on improving compliance, use of technology, and dispute resolution.
4. It outlines implementation measures like establishing implementation committees and periodic reviews to ensure the goals of the policy are achieved.
Nigeria. Revised National Tax Policy
The document provides an overview of Nigeria's National Tax Policy, outlining its objectives and guidelines. Some key points:
1. It establishes principles like equity, simplicity and low compliance costs to guide Nigeria's tax system.
2. Taxation should be used as a tool for economic management, focusing on indirect taxes, wealth/job creation and competitiveness.
3. Stakeholders like government, taxpayers, revenue agencies and professional bodies have defined responsibilities to support an orderly tax system.
4. Tax administration guidelines address registration, compliance, efficiency, technology, dispute resolution and more.
5. Effective implementation of the policy is vital to achieving Nigeria's goals of increasing tax revenue and diversifying its
Fiscal policy
This document provides an overview of macroeconomics and fiscal policy in Pakistan. It discusses key topics such as the objectives, instruments, and types of fiscal policy. It also examines issues like the causes and impact of fiscal deficits, methods of raising government funds, and factors that have contributed to Pakistan's budget shortfalls. The conclusion emphasizes that Pakistan needs structural tax reforms and to increase industrial productivity in order to improve its fiscal position.
Fiscal policy
This document provides an overview of macroeconomics concepts related to fiscal policy in Pakistan. It discusses key topics like the objectives, instruments, and impact of fiscal policy. It notes that Pakistan is facing budget shortfalls due to high government spending, lower tax revenues, and factors like tax evasion. To avoid increasing fiscal deficits, the document suggests that Pakistan could impose new taxes, increase utility prices, and decrease development spending.
Essay new initiatives of government of india to boost up indian economy v.2
This is an essay on the economic policies, development plans, governance initiatives and budgetary allocations of the Central Government of India.
Research report impact of multiple taxation
Small and medium scale refer as wholesaler and retailers. The study is for finding that taxation may impact or not on these scales. Statement of hypothesis is also stated in this at 2.1 you can see.
Reimagining Taxation For Economic Growth
This article explores the significance of reimagining taxation in Nigeria to foster the economic growth and development.
Similar to Financing for development impact (20)
Business Environment - Unit-5 - IMBA - Osmania University
Business Environment - Unit-5 - IMBA - Osmania University
Essay new initiatives of government of india to boost up indian economy v.2
Essay new initiatives of government of india to boost up indian economy v.2
Recently uploaded
Discovering Delhi - India's Cultural Capital.pptx
Delhi, the heartbeat of India, offers a rich blend of history, culture, and modernity. From iconic landmarks like the Red Fort to bustling commercial hubs and vibrant culinary scenes, Delhi's real estate landscape is dynamic and diverse. Discover the essence of India's capital, where tradition meets innovation.
BIHC Briefing June 2024 from Bank+Insurance Hybrid Capital in association wit...
Our latest market and regulatory coverage and analysis
Fabular Frames and the Four Ratio Problem
Digital, interactive art showing the struggle of a society in providing for its present population while also saving planetary resources for future generations. Spread across several frames, the art is actually the rendering of real and speculative data. The stereographic projections change shape in response to prompts and provocations. Visitors interact with the model through speculative statements about how to increase savings across communities, regions, ecosystems and environments. Their fabulations combined with random noise, i.e. factors beyond control, have a dramatic effect on the societal transition. Things get better. Things get worse. The aim is to give visitors a new grasp and feel of the ongoing struggles in democracies around the world.
Stunning art in the small multiples format brings out the spatiotemporal nature of societal transitions, against backdrop issues such as energy, housing, waste, farmland and forest. In each frame we see hopeful and frightful interplays between spending and saving. Problems emerge when one of the two parts of the existential anaglyph rapidly shrinks like Arctic ice, as factors cross thresholds. Ecological wealth and intergenerational equity areFour at stake. Not enough spending could mean economic stress, social unrest and political conflict. Not enough saving and there will be climate breakdown and ‘bankruptcy’. So where does speculative design start and the gambling and betting end? Behind each fabular frame is a four ratio problem. Each ratio reflects the level of sacrifice and self-restraint a society is willing to accept, against promises of prosperity and freedom. Some values seem to stabilise a frame while others cause collapse. Get the ratios right and we can have it all. Get them wrong and things get more desperate.
Navigating Your Financial Future: Comprehensive Planning with Mike Baumann
Learn how financial planner Mike Baumann helps individuals and families articulate their financial aspirations and develop tailored plans. This presentation delves into budgeting, investment strategies, retirement planning, tax optimization, and the importance of ongoing plan adjustments.
Economic trends from a business point of view (May 2024)
Economic trends from a business point of view (May 2024)Інститут економічних досліджень та політичних консультацій
“Amidst Tempered Optimism” Main economic trends in May 2024 based on the results of the New Monthly Enterprises Survey, #NRES
On 12 June 2024 the Institute for Economic Research and Policy Consulting (IER) held an online event “Economic Trends from a Business Perspective (May 2024)”.
During the event, the results of the 25-th monthly survey of business executives “Ukrainian Business during the war”, which was conducted in May 2024, were presented.
The field stage of the 25-th wave lasted from May 20 to May 31, 2024. In May, 532 companies were surveyed.
The enterprise managers compared the work results in May 2024 with April, assessed the indicators at the time of the survey (May 2024), and gave forecasts for the next two, three, or six months, depending on the question. In certain issues (where indicated), the work results were compared with the pre-war period (before February 24, 2022).
✅ More survey results in the presentation.
✅ Video presentation: https://youtu.be/4ZvsSKd1MzE
真实可查(nwu毕业证书)美国西北大学毕业证学位证书范本原版一模一样
原版定制【微信:bwp0011】《(nwu毕业证书)美国西北大学毕业证学位证书》【微信:bwp0011】成绩单 、雅思、外壳、留信学历认证永久存档查询，采用学校原版纸张、特殊工艺完全按照原版一比一制作（包括：隐形水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠，文字图案浮雕，激光镭射，紫外荧光，温感，复印防伪）行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备，十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，业务范围有加拿大、英国、澳洲、韩国、美国、新加坡，新西兰等学历材料，包您满意。
【业务选择办理准则】
一、工作未确定，回国需先给父母、亲戚朋友看下文凭的情况，办理一份就读学校的毕业证【微信bwp0011】文凭即可
二、回国进私企、外企、自己做生意的情况，这些单位是不查询毕业证真伪的，而且国内没有渠道去查询国外文凭的真假，也不需要提供真实教育部认证。鉴于此，办理一份毕业证【微信bwp0011】即可
三、进国企，银行，事业单位，考公务员等等，这些单位是必需要提供真实教育部认证的，办理教育部认证所需资料众多且烦琐，所有材料您都必须提供原件，我们凭借丰富的经验，快捷的绿色通道帮您快速整合材料，让您少走弯路。
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）】
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
一比一原版(cwu毕业证书)美国中央华盛顿大学毕业证如何办理
原版一模一样【微信：741003700 】【(cwu毕业证书)美国中央华盛顿大学毕业证成绩单】【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
办理(cwu毕业证书)美国中央华盛顿大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】外观非常简单，由纸质材料制成，上面印有校徽、校名、毕业生姓名、专业等信息。
办理(cwu毕业证书)美国中央华盛顿大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】格式相对统一，各专业都有相应的模板。通常包括以下部分：
校徽：象征着学校的荣誉和传承。
校名:学校英文全称
授予学位：本部分将注明获得的具体学位名称。
毕业生姓名：这是最重要的信息之一，标志着该证书是由特定人员获得的。
颁发日期：这是毕业正式生效的时间，也代表着毕业生学业的结束。
其他信息：根据不同的专业和学位，可能会有一些特定的信息或章节。
办理(cwu毕业证书)美国中央华盛顿大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】价值很高，需要妥善保管。一般来说，应放置在安全、干燥、防潮的地方，避免长时间暴露在阳光下。如需使用，最好使用复印件而不是原件，以免丢失。
综上所述，办理(cwu毕业证书)美国中央华盛顿大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】是证明身份和学历的高价值文件。外观简单庄重，格式统一，包括重要的个人信息和发布日期。对持有人来说，妥善保管是非常重要的。
Dr. Alyce Su Cover Story - China's Investment Leader
In World Expo 2010 Shanghai – the most visited Expo in the World History
https://www.britannica.com/event/Expo-Shanghai-2010
China’s official organizer of the Expo, CCPIT (China Council for the Promotion of International Trade https://en.ccpit.org/) has chosen Dr. Alyce Su as the Cover Person with Cover Story, in the Expo’s official magazine distributed throughout the Expo, showcasing China’s New Generation of Leaders to the World.
PM pre reads for the product manager framework
For kingfisher airlines, interpret this with product management frameworks and answer the below questions
1比1复刻(ksu毕业证书)美国堪萨斯州立大学毕业证本科文凭证书原版一模一样
原版定制【微信:bwp0011】《(ksu毕业证书)美国堪萨斯州立大学毕业证本科文凭证书》【微信:bwp0011】成绩单 、雅思、外壳、留信学历认证永久存档查询，采用学校原版纸张、特殊工艺完全按照原版一比一制作（包括：隐形水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠，文字图案浮雕，激光镭射，紫外荧光，温感，复印防伪）行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备，十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，业务范围有加拿大、英国、澳洲、韩国、美国、新加坡，新西兰等学历材料，包您满意。
【业务选择办理准则】
一、工作未确定，回国需先给父母、亲戚朋友看下文凭的情况，办理一份就读学校的毕业证【微信bwp0011】文凭即可
二、回国进私企、外企、自己做生意的情况，这些单位是不查询毕业证真伪的，而且国内没有渠道去查询国外文凭的真假，也不需要提供真实教育部认证。鉴于此，办理一份毕业证【微信bwp0011】即可
三、进国企，银行，事业单位，考公务员等等，这些单位是必需要提供真实教育部认证的，办理教育部认证所需资料众多且烦琐，所有材料您都必须提供原件，我们凭借丰富的经验，快捷的绿色通道帮您快速整合材料，让您少走弯路。
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）】
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
Pension Playpen - TAS300 v2 maths and governance resets pension strategies (3...
C-Suite Pension PlayPen presentation
Accounting Information Systems (AIS).pptx
An accounting information system (AIS) refers to tools and systems designed for the collection and display of accounting information so accountants and executives can make informed decisions.
Call Girls Bangalore 9024918724 Verified Service Available Near Me 24x7
Call Girls Bangalore 9024918724 Verified Service Available Near Me 24x7
欧洲杯投注-欧洲杯投注买球-欧洲杯投注买球网|【网址🎉ac22.net🎉】
【网址🎉ac22.net🎉】欧洲杯投注 Sports 与其他博彩公司相比，其独特之处在于欧洲杯投注 Sports 基于低利润和高营业额的独一无二的体育博彩模式，该模式可以为玩家开出最高的赔率。欧洲杯投注的优势在于中文界面友好，接受人民币投注。他们的开户奖金和实时体育投注界面是大陆玩家的首选。
Recently uploaded (20)
The various stages, after the initial invitation has been made to the public ...
The various stages, after the initial invitation has been made to the public ...
BIHC Briefing June 2024 from Bank+Insurance Hybrid Capital in association wit...
BIHC Briefing June 2024 from Bank+Insurance Hybrid Capital in association wit...
Navigating Your Financial Future: Comprehensive Planning with Mike Baumann
Navigating Your Financial Future: Comprehensive Planning with Mike Baumann
Economic trends from a business point of view (May 2024)
Economic trends from a business point of view (May 2024)
Dr. Alyce Su Cover Story - China's Investment Leader
Dr. Alyce Su Cover Story - China's Investment Leader
Pension Playpen - TAS300 v2 maths and governance resets pension strategies (3...
Pension Playpen - TAS300 v2 maths and governance resets pension strategies (3...
Call Girls Bangalore 9024918724 Verified Service Available Near Me 24x7
Call Girls Bangalore 9024918724 Verified Service Available Near Me 24x7
Financing for development impact
- 1. Muhammad Sarim Imran #Fin4DevMOOC Financing for Development Impact
- 2. Development & Taxation in Pakistan
- 3. Domestic Resource Mobilization for Development .
- 4. Problem - Ease of Tax Administration in Pakistan .
- 5. . The national economic crisis has refocused public and political attention on the importance of defeating illicit tax abuse and improving bank transparency. It has ushered in a long-overdue public and political intolerance of regimes that flout tax laws and standards and deprive countries of their rightful earnings and assets. Properly and transparently organized tax systems are now accepted as engines of development, not constraints.
- 6. Obstacles in Tax in Pakistan Ease of Tax Administration Weak Capacity for Implementation Non effective Tax policy Non Efficient Tax Collection
- 7. .
- 8. .
- 9. .
- 10. .
- 11. .
- 12. .
- 13. .
- 14. .
- 15. .
- 16. Importance of Tax collection in Development Resource Mobilization Reduction in Inequalities of Income Social Welfare Regional Development Control of Inflation
- 17. Solutions Strong Implementation Policy Productive Tax Administration Effective & Efficient Tax policy Developed Tax Structure
- 18. Conclusion Both direct and indirect taxes are essential to bring adequate revenue to the state for meeting the increasing public expenditure. Both taxes are essential to promote economic growth, fill employment and economic stability. Direct and indirect taxes should side by side & balance each other. However in developing countries, direct taxation has limited scope and hence indirect taxation plays a more significant role. A well oriented system of taxation requires combination of direct & indirect taxes in different proportions.