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Final Project for Neurobiology Course.
- 1. FINAL PROJECT NEUROBIOLOGY OFEVRYDAY LIFE COURSE OF CHICAGO UNIVERSITY IN COURSERA.
- 2. HUNTINGTON DISEASE Huntingtondisease imply injury in the Basal Ganglia. Huntington Disease imply that the basal ganglia´s it is not working in the right way At first I describe the everyday activity that I choose. In the second place I describe the brain structures linked with that activity. In the final place I describe normal work and the unusual work of that brain structures.
- 3. The evryday activityi choose it is walking.. When i choose to make an activity (to walk) cortex send a signal to the motor area of the brain. The motor area of the brain it send signals to the Direct and Indirect pathways of the brain. In the indirect pathways the signals it goes to the putamen and caudate nucleus (Inhibitory signals) The inhibitories signals it goes on from putamen and caudate to the globus pallidus externus. The globus pallidus externus reduce his inhibitories signals to the subtalamic nucleus.It means more activity in Subtalamic Nucleus. The Subtalamic Nucleus increased activity it mean that it send signals to globus pallidus internus and the substantia nigra pars reticulata. Globus pallidus and substantia nigra pars reticulata it sends inhibitory signals to the ventrolateral nucleus of talamus, this structure it controls the development of activity in motor areeas. By this way the brain it control the movement so there it is only voluntary movements.
- 4. BASAL GANGLIA ITCONTENTS … Caudate Nucleus. Striatum. Putamen. Globus pallidus. Substantia nigra (include pars compacta as well as pars reticulata). Subthalamic Nucleus. Thalamic Nucleus associated to -indirect Pathway of Basal Ganglia.
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- 6. The indirect Pathwayof the Basal Ganglia (Scheme) In slide 3 i describe the activity i choose explainning the way in wich indirect pathway works so at this time i show an scheme http://www.intechopen.com/source/html/41746/media/image2_w.jpg
- 7. The indirect pathwayof Basal Ganglia… The Basal Ganglia are implies in movement modulation, it include: * Learning of movement. * Voluntary movement. *Rules the movement (beginning). The direct pathway controls the motor activity and muscular contractions The indirect pathway of the Basal Ganglia it controls the involuntary movement.
- 8. Huntington Disease… InHuntington Disease injury in Basal Ganglia ( caudate and putamen) and, in a low level , in Cortex it means that if i choose to walk this action it will go with involuntary movements. The injury in putamen and caudate nucleus change the normal work of indirect pathway. The injury in putamen and caudate imply tha at the end of the pathway it is not inhibitory signals to the ventrolateral nucleus of the talamus and that it means an increase in the involuntary movement. The movements of the body it will be like: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QORlwMeWOeU . For more information about huntington disease you can read: http://www.intechopen.com/source/html/41746/media/image2_w.jpg http://hda.org.uk/ http://www.hdsa.org/ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hzKLNeYwbM8
- 9. In which waythis course has allowed me to better analyze the events and phenomena around you Well i am studying psichology, so the course allowed me to know a lot about neurobiology. In some of the lectures profesor Mason talk about differences from some brain structures in animals and in the humans, it was very fun because in that time i was helping some parents carrying his animals (cows) to graze. So i think the differences in brain structures are linked with the evoultion, as well in animals as in humans, in exemple may be at this time for humans the importance of the ear and the sense of smell it has been decreasing because we don´t need to smell predators like cows but may be in the past , for human´s ancestors, it was more important. Well it was amazing the lab´s section because i can see a human brain (a lot of months ago my school organize a litle course in wich i saw cuts of human brain) so the course help me to reinforce my interest for neuroscience and for neurobiology. Well i reinforce my interest in neurodegenerative disease.