Final-Edited-Exercise-Tracking-Software-as-a-Motivation-for-Physical-Fitness.pdf

POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
i
“Exercise Tracking Software as a Motivation for Physical Fitness”
A Research Presented to
the Faculty of the
Polytechnic University of the Philippines
Quezon City Branch
In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree
Bachelor of Science in Information Technology
By
Eugene Kyle A. Cancio
Jairus Miguel T. Montante
2022

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Philippines Copyright 2022
by the Authors:
Eugene Kyle A. Cancio,
Jairus Miguel T. Montante,
Alma C. Fernandez
Research Adviser
Rosicar Escober, PhD
Research Professor
Polytechnic University of the Philippines – Quezon City Branch
All rights reserved.
Portions of this manuscript may be reproduced with proper referencing and due
acknowledgment of the author

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CERTIFICATION OF APPROVAL
This research entitled “Exercise Tracking Software as a Motivation for
Physical Fitness” was prepared and submitted by Eugene Kyle A. Cancio and
Jairus Miguel T. Montante in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree
of Bachelor of Science in Information Technology has been examined and
recommended.
Evaluation Committee
_______________________
Alma C. Fernandez, MIT
Adviser
Approved by the panel on March 2021
________________________ ________________________
Rosicar E. Escober, PhD Irynne P. Gatchalian
Member Member
Accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of
Bachelor of Science in Information Technology.
________________________
Demelyn E. Monzon, PhD
Head, Academic Program

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ETHICAL CONFORMITY SHEET
We have reviewed the Code of Ethics and affirm that this research will
conform to the ethics code, particularly with the respect to:
____✔___ Informed Consent to Research
____✔___ Offering Inducements for Research Participation
____✔___ Deception in Research
___n/a___ Debriefing
____✔___ Reporting Research Results
____✔___ Plagiarism
Eugene Kyle A. Cancio
Signature over printed name of the student
Jairus Miguel T. Montante
Signature over printed name of the student
_________________________
Alma C. Fernandez, MIT
Adviser
________________________ ________________________
Rosicar E. Escober, PhD Irynne P. Gatchalian
Member Member
________________________
Demelyn E. Monzon, PhD
Head, Academic Program

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The researchers would like to express their deepest gratitude and heartfelt
appreciation to the following who, in one way or another, have invariably
contributed to the successful completion of this endeavor:
First and most important of all, to Almighty God, Who gave strength,
courage, perseverance, resources, and everything for the completion of this thesis.
To Mrs. Alma C. Fernandez, Thesis Adviser, who provided words of
encouragement and shared knowledge during the time of the study.
To the panel from pre-oral and final defense, for allowing them to present
their study and sharing their time and knowledge to provide beneficial suggestions,
comments, and feedback to enhance the proposed system and paper works.
To the respondents of the study, for taking their time to accomplish every
questionnaire.
And last, but not least, the researchers would like to thank their families for
their support, financial assistance, and understanding throughout the process.

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ABSTRACT
Title : Exercise Tracking Software as a Motivation for Physical Fitness
Researchers : Eugene Kyle A. Cancio & Jairus Miguel T. Montante
Degree : Bachelor of Science in Information Technology
Institution : Polytechnic University of the Philippines
Year : 2021
Adviser : Mrs. Alma C. Fernandez
Almost everything that people do nowadays is done with the help of some
automation through phones, tablets, and computers. Prolonged use of such
devices became prominent, and people seldom moved around, and it produced a
sedentary lifestyle that negatively affects health. This type of lifestyle is mostly
observed in students since they must work with computers most of the time,
leaving no space to keep their physical fitness in check.
The researchers developed an exercise tracking software that could help
change sedentary lifestyles. It has a list of 30 exercises of different muscle groups
that are suited for beginners. Each exercise has its own set of instructions and
images to demonstrate how each of them is done. Before starting an exercise, a
user can determine the amount of time he wants to use for every exercise, and the
demonstrative images are also embedded in the timer. There is a page for viewing
every exercise done, separated by the day you did them, along with statistics such
as the calories burned and the initial weight loss. A user can be determined by a
profile that he creates once before being able to start exercising.
Based on the findings, there are barriers to engaging in exercise for
students, including being too busy and having no time for exercise, not having

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enough motivation to exercise, and finding it hard to do exercises. Also, the
developed software provides benefits related to mitigating the effects of a
sedentary lifestyle. Lastly, the features of the developed software were reliable,
efficient, useful, and functional.
Due to the barriers to exercising encountered by respondents, the
researchers recommend using assistive technology or applications to help get
started exercising. Considering the benefits of the developed software, the
researchers also recommend that students, and people in general, use it as an
instrument for mitigating the effects of a sedentary lifestyle and eventually
becoming physically fit.

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TABLE OF CONTENT
Title Page i
Certification and Approval iii
Ethical Conformity Sheet iv
Acknowledgments v
Abstract vi
Table of Content viii
List of Tables ix
List of Figures x
Introduction 1
Theoretical Framework 1
Scope and Limitation of the Study 3
Significance of the Study 4
Definition of Terms 4
Effects of the 2019 Pandemic 5
Sedentary Lifestyle 6
Physical Fitness 7
Physical Activity 8
Effects of Insufficient Physical Activity 10
Difference between Physical Activity and Exercise 11
Effects of Sufficient Physical Activity and Exercise 13
Home-Based Exercises 15
Activity Trackers 18
Application Matrix 19
Synthesis of the Review of Related Literature 20
Research Design 22
Sources of Data 22
Research Instrument 21
Data gathering Procedure 21
Ethical Considerations 21
Software Development 30

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Process Flow 34
System Architecture 36
System Description 37
1. What could be the barriers that are preventing students from engaging in
exercise? 37
2. What is the level of agreement of the respondents on the benefits of the
developed software? 39
3. What is the level of satisfaction of the respondents on developed
software? 40
3.1 Reliability 42
3.2 Efficiency 43
3.3 Usability 44
3.4 Functionality 45
Summary of Findings 46
Conclusions 47
Recommendations 47
Bibliography 49
LIST OF TABLES
TABLE I. Application Matrix 19
TABLE II. Distribution of the Respondents 23
TABLE III. Length of Time a Respondent Spends at Home … 23
TABLE IV. Frequency of Exercise Respondents Do Per Week … 24
TABLE V. Likert Scale of the Respondent’s Response 25
TABLE VI. Corresponding Remarks for Likert Scale 26
TABLE VII. Corresponding Ranks of Respondent’s Assessment 27
TABLE VIII. Barriers that prevent students from exercising 38
TABLE IX. Level of Agreement of the Respondents in… 40
TABLE X. Respondent’s Level of Satisfaction 41
TABLE XI. Respondent’s satisfaction in terms of Reliability 42
TABLE XII. Respondent’s satisfaction in terms of Efficiency 43
TABLE XIII. Respondent’s satisfaction in terms of Usability 44
TABLE XIV. Respondent’s satisfaction in terms of Functionality 45

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LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURE 1. Theoretical Framework 2
FIGURE 2. Conceptual Framework 2
FIGURE 3. Iterative Model 30
FIGURE 4. Process Flow 34
FIGURE 5. System Architecture 36
APPENDICES
APPENDIX 1. Survey Questionnaire 54
APPENDIX 2. Sample Response 60
APPENDIX 3. Respondents Response 67
APPENDIX 4. System Screenshots 79
APPENDIX 5. Certification of Originality 81
APPENDIX 6. Certification of Editing 82
APPENDIX 7. Certificate for Plagiarism Checker 83
APPENDIX 8. Turnitin Plagiarism Check Results 84
APPENDIX 9. Curriculum Vitae 85

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Introduction
Almost everything people do nowadays; they do it automated. People sit in
front of computers or phones and move about inside a virtual world with a few
clicks. Everything in this virtual world happens so fast, and it only gets faster as
time goes by. But in effect, it made us humans rely too much on automation that
we seldom take care of our bodies. It made us prone to a sedentary lifestyle.
A sedentary lifestyle is a lifestyle where there’s little to no physical activity
at all. It results from spending too much time in an activity like reading, socializing,
watching shows, or playing video games - all of which may involve using a mobile
phone or a computer.
This paper discusses how an exercise tracker could give resolution to such
a lifestyle. An exercise tracker is an application that logs exercises finished by a
user and helps evaluate if it hits the daily quota. The authors of this paper provide
a software solution that incorporates the concept of an exercise tracker to assist
students and professionals who use computers and mobile phones in achieving
their ideal physical fitness.
Theoretical Framework
Edward Deci and Richard Ryan (2012) created the Self-Determination
Theory, which is a theory of human motivation. They described motivation as a
force that motivates people to take action. Extrinsic and intrinsic motivation are the
two categories of motivation described by the theory. When a person is motivated
internally, they engage in certain behaviors out of a sense of fulfillment; they do it
because it makes them feel good. Extrinsic motivation, on the other hand, comes
from a desire or an external goal. Similarly, an intrinsic reward is something
intangible like receiving compliments, and an extrinsic reward is something
tangible like a certificate.
In this research, this theory is used as a basis to ensure that the developed
software can help build the two types of motivation, maintain physical fitness, and
change people's sedentary lifestyles.

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FIGURE – 1
Theoretical Framework
Conceptual Framework
FIGURE - 2
Conceptual Framework

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Figure 1 shows how the data will be collected through a survey and use for
statistical analysis. Data will also be used as a subject of evaluation.
Statement of the problem
This research aspires to help people maintain good physical fitness and
create a habit of self-care. To do this, the researchers developed software that
aims to encourage users to engage in exercise by alerting them and tracking their
exercise activities. Thus, it will also answer these sub-questions:
1. What could be the barriers that are preventing students from
engaging in exercise?
2. What is the level of agreement of the respondents on the benefits of
the developed software?
3. What is the level of satisfaction of the respondents on the developed
software in terms of:
⚫ Reliability
⚫ Efficiency
⚫ Usability
⚫ Functionality
Scope and Limitation of the Study
1. Only the effects of the developed software on the recommended weekly
amount of physical activity are the subject of this study.
2. The data collection will be conducted on 10% of the students taking
Bachelor of Science in Information Technology (BSIT) from Polytechnic
University of the Philippines Quezon City Branch (PUPQC) for the academic
year 2020-2021.
3. This study will proceed with the general assumption that the sample
population doesn’t know much about exercise. Therefore, this research will
not cover the effects of engaging in physical activities of varying intensities.
4. The application is only available for Windows and is offline.

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Significance of the Study
This research is beneficial for students and groups of people who need to
be more physically active when they are at home when a massive part of the
population is almost always looking at a computer screen or a mobile device. A
sedentary lifestyle is becoming more and more prominent, and it must be stopped
in one way or the other. A software that can motivate a user to engage in exercise
can be a way of battling against the consequences of too much inactivity that roots
from the fact that there are not a lot of people who do not give importance to
exercise. Most importantly, by having the capability to produce a healthy habit, the
system could promote discipline in limiting the use of computers for leisure. This
study is deemed essential to the following:
The students, for creating a healthier lifestyle.
The citizens, in raising awareness about being physically fit.
The Future Researchers who are conducting research that can be
associated with both information technology and physical activity, this will serve as
a resource and reference.
Definition of Terms
These are the terminologies being used in this research:
Exercise - any physical activity that is planned, repeated, and structured
to enhance the body’s condition
Motivation - a source of positive change in perception regarding
something
Physical Fitness - a state of wellbeing and having the ability to move
about freely
Sedentary Activity - a body at rest (e.g., sitting, lying, sleeping)

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Effects of the 2019 Pandemic
In December of 2019, a pandemic (COVID-19) changed how the world
works. In one of his media conferences, Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, the
Director-General of the World Health Organization (WHO), stated that the virus
would be around for a very long time and that there is still much work to be done.
“Without a doubt, stay-at-home orders and other physical barriers have
successfully stopped the spread of the virus in many nations, but it is still very
deadly.,” he added.
A study conducted by (Ghosal et al., 2020) found that 40% of the population
has experienced weight gain, 16% of which gained 2.1 - 5 kilograms, during India's
49-day period of lockdown. His research also revealed that 6.66 percent of the
population had a high-risk diabetes risk score, according to the American Diabetes
Association (ADA), which was raised for 7% of the population. Additionally, 3% of
the population, which was still obese before the research, put on weight.
According to Gallè et al. (2020), findings on their study suggest a consistent
decline in physical activity in Italian university students during the lockdown.
Among others, walking was reduced the most, and it was foreseeable due to the
constraints on outdoor activities. Furthermore, activities that require walking, such
as shopping was done by only half of their sample. Online lessons added to the
total increase in sedentary behavior observed. In order to negate the potential
effects and consequences of excessive physical inactivity or sedentary lifestyle,
promoting an active lifestyle is, therefore, recommended.
According to Maugeri et al. (2020), their study also concludes that there is
a substantial decrease in the amount of physical exercise each week across all
age groups, and this reduction may cause adverse effects on psychological
wellbeing. The physical activity levels reported by part of their sample before
COVID-19 were at moderate to high levels. This group had their activity levels
drastically decreased during the pandemic. Again, resulting from the limitations
brought by quarantine. Like in the previous study by Galle, they recommend that

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maintaining regular physical activity is a crucial preventive measure for prolonged
inactivity of physical and mental health.
Zheng et al. (2020) have the same findings in China; physical activity and
sedentary behavior did significantly decrease and increase among young adults
after the COVID-19 outbreak. It was found that 12.2% of males were overweight,
and it was 23.3% for females. A total of 70% of the participants were observed to
have a significant decrease in their physical activity levels, and only 30% of the
participants met the defined physical activity guideline. It was implied that these
results were partly because of the social distancing. The time spent in front of
screens (e.g., TV, computers, phones) significantly increased, explained mostly by
having to do jobs, or attend classes, online.
Sedentary Lifestyle
A sedentary lifestyle is described as spending a lot of time sitting down, both
at work and in recreation. Sedentary behavior is a well-known precursor to obesity
and other metabolic syndrome symptoms. It was found that there was an increase
in the incidence of recurring low back pain associated with a sedentary lifestyle
(Citko et al., 2018).
According to Tremblay et al. (2017), the Sedentary Behavior Research
Network (SBRN) defines sedentary behavior as any activity that requires low
energy use, such as sitting, reclining, or lying down. In their review, another
definition of sedentary behavior is “any waking activity that requires more energy
than 1.5 MET, or the difference between the working and resting metabolic rates,
while the subject is in a seated or lying down position.”. The latter was accepted
better and is widely used, as evident in frequent citations.
Based on a study by Kurdaningsih & Sudargo (2016), a sedentary lifestyle
can be seen as a lax, comfortable lifestyle: sitting, lying down, etc. most of the time
every day at a workplace, at home, during travel, but not including daily personal
activities such as sleeping, eating, and taking a bath. He split the sedentary
lifestyle into five categories: screen-based lifestyle, which includes watching

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videos and using computers or laptops or mobile devices; education; travel;
cultural activities, and; social events. Sedentary behavior seen in adolescents
comes from low physical activity. It is proven that overweight/obesity with less
physical activity has been shown to be a leading cause of extensive sedentary
lifestyle among teenagers in Indonesia.
According to Bertoglia et al. (2017), sedentary behavior, among other
factors, greatly increases the chance of developing type 2 diabetes (T2DM).
Sedentariness contributes to about 64 percent of T2DM, and 62.2 percent of it
might be prevented if more people started getting active. Sedentary behavior
dominated all other risk variables for T2DM in their analysis, accounting for 91.66
percent of the total. Obesity (29.1%), lifetime smoking (40%) previous smoking
(19.36%), and excessive alcohol usage were additional risk variables (14.72
percent).
Findings from a study made by Saunders et al. (2020) suggest that high
levels of sedentary behavior are negatively correlated with cognitive function,
depression, function and impairment, levels of physical activity, and physical
health-related quality of life. The results also suggest that minimizing or
interspersing longer periods of sitting may improve markers of cardiometabolic risk
and body composition. Although inactivity and bad health outcomes were usually
associated with sedentary behavior, older people's cognitive function may benefit
from computer and Internet use. These findings have important implications for
public health and urge adults to refrain from engaging in excessive amounts of
sedentary behavior.
Physical Fitness
Fitness is defined as a condition in which a person has sufficient energy to
resist fatigue and enjoy life. Physical Fitness, then, is a state of health and
wellbeing that enables the person to perform well in sports, professions, and
everyday activities (Libre & Etang, 2020).

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Physical fitness is the capacity to carry out daily tasks with the best possible
performance, strength, and endurance in order to control disease, weariness, and
stress while reducing sedentary behavior. It can be further described or
conceptualized as either health- or performance-related. Health-related fitness
generally refers to health status and is associated positively or negatively with
habits. On the other hand, performance-related physical fitness is related to the
athletic performance of an individual, including, but not limited to, muscular
strength, muscular endurance, body coordination, and stamina (Campbell et al.,
2020).
Based on an article written by Cooper & Blair (2020), physical fitness is a
wide notion that has many diverse meanings. As a result, they divided their
discussion of physical fitness into two main categories: fitness for health and
fitness for motor function. Physical fitness that is linked to certain characteristics
of health is known as health-related fitness. Since a person's habits have the
biggest impact on this kind of physical fitness, it is a dynamic condition that can
change over time. Skeletal muscle strength and endurance, joint flexibility, body
composition, and cardiovascular endurance make up health-related fitness. These
elements can all be changed as a result of suitable physical training regimens, and
they are all connected to health. The ability to use the neuromuscular system to
complete specific activities can be referred to as motor-performance fitness. This
type of physical fitness is assessed using chin-ups, sit-ups, the 50-yard dash, the
standing long jump, the shuttle run, and many more exercises. These
examinations assess leg power as well as muscular strength and endurance.
Success in a variety of sporting disciplines requires these qualities.
Physical Activity
The World Health Organization (WHO, 2020) defines physical activity as
any physiological movement that requires the use of skeletal muscles' stored
energy. Physical exercise is any movement, whether it be during leisure time, as
a means of transportation to go to and from locations, or as part of a person's job.

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Both vigorous and moderate physical activity are beneficial to health. For all ages,
there are a number of recommendations or standards regarding physical activity
levels. It is advised that kids and teenagers between the ages of 5 and 17 engage
in at least 60 minutes of physical exercise on a weekly average, the majority of
which should be aerobic. Additionally, at least three days each week should be
dedicated to bone and muscle building workouts. A sufficient amount of weekly
aerobic exercise for those between the ages of 18 and 64 should include at least
2 hours and 30 minutes – 5 hours of moderate–intensity activity, 1 hour and 15
minutes – 2 hours and 30 minutes of vigorous exercise, or an equivalent hybrid of
the two. For added health benefits, muscle-strengthening exercises should be
performed two or more days each week. All individuals must set a goal to engage
in more physical activity than these advised levels when there is a high prevalence
of sedentary behavior.
According to Rimmer (2020), physical activity can be defined as energy
expenditure resulting from the contraction of skeletal muscles, which then makes
a form of bodily movement. From the least energy expenditure to the most, there
are a wide range of activities that constitute physical exercise. As a result, physical
activity includes not just exercise like walking, jogging, and bicycling but also
specific work-related chores like lifting, daily tasks like cleaning, and leisure
activities (e.g., gardening). Numerous public health organizations have
acknowledged the importance of physical activity as a means of enhancing the
health of the general populace.
In an article written by Payne and Huins (2018), any action you can take to
maintain or improve your physical fitness and overall health is referred to as
physical activity. It can include routine tasks like getting around on foot or by
bicycle, performing housekeeping, gardening, or any manual labor that may be
part of your line of work, as well as sports, dancing, playing with or around children,
camping, and other active recreation (e.g., swimming, tennis, football, basketball).
They recommend taking a brisk walk for about 10 minutes a day as it was evident
to bring health benefits, even if you are not physically active at all. However, it is

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still true that the more you do, the greater the benefits will be. Adults need to
engage in at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise in sets of at least 10
minutes. One way to achieve it is to exercise for 30 minutes a day, at least five
days a week. Benefits comparable to these could be obtained by engaging in at
least 75 minutes of intense activity spread throughout the week, or by combining
the two.
Effects of Insufficient Physical Activity
In an article in Medicine Plus in 2017, it was discussed how there are
several ways how an inactive lifestyle can affect our body. Because we do not
move as much, calories aren’t getting burned, resulting in an increase in weight.
Due to the fact that we do not exercise our muscles as often, you could also lose
muscle strength and endurance. Another factor contributing to the inability of fats
and sugars to be broken down is a negative impact on metabolism. A major risk
factor for non-communicable diseases such osteoporosis, diabetes, high blood
pressure, cancer, stroke, and cardiovascular disease is reduced or inadequate
physical exercise. Other effects include weaker bones, poorer blood circulation,
weaker immune system, is prone to inflammation, and risk of hormonal imbalance.
It also stated some recommendations on how to get started with exercising around
the house. Housework and gardening are both physical works that need you to
move around. You can also not do things with a remote controller but rather do
them manually just so you walk to the device. Lastly, you can also work out at
home with a video, maybe online or on the TV.
Extended periods of sitting are common in the job, when driving, and while
engaging in screen-based entertainment at home, according to a study by Biddle
et al. (2016). In order to address excessive sitting, approaches to chronic disease
prevention, occupational health, and clinical practice will necessitate novel
strategies that might not be similar to those used to encourage exercise and
physical activity.

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Stefan et al. (2018) found that those with poor sleep quality were more likely
to have poor health, to be overweight or obese, and to score poorly on measures
of their mental well-being, social support, family life, and physical fitness.
Additionally, those who slept poorly had a significantly lower likelihood of adhering
to the advice on resistance and aerobic training in order to pass the army's physical
fitness test in the upper half of ranks. It was determined that insufficient physical
activity is associated with the incidence of chronic diseases, psychological
discomfort, poor sleep quality, increased sleep latency, and shorter sleep
durations.
Screen-related sedentary behavior was found to have a negative effect on
sleep duration and may be associated with daytime sleepiness. This type of
sedentary behavior includes insufficient physical activities due to computer use.
Specifically, computer use of more than 2 hours a day resulted in an average of
17 fewer minutes of sleep per night. Additionally, playing video games for the same
duration criteria is associated with 11 fewer minutes of sleep. Talking to the phone
was also correlated to having a shorter sleep with less than 8 hours per night.
Daytime sleepiness scores were higher for those with more than two hours of
computer use at 11.9 than those that didn’t at 9.9. Talking to the phone for more
than two hours induced a score of 13.9, while those that did less scored 10.3
(Brunetti et al., 2016).
In a study conducted by Štefan et al. (2018), results show that short sleep
duration is less likely to meet the physical activity recommendations for their age
group. Yet, those who had a longer sleep duration and better sleep quality are
more likely to meet the same recommendations. This can infer that sleep duration
and quality can be directly proportional to having sufficient physical activity levels.
Difference between Physical Activity and Exercise
In an article by Simoneaux (2020), she talked about the distinction between
exercise and physical activity. Any movement that is made by the muscles and
uses energy can be referred to as physical activity. To put it another way, it

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includes everything a person does. On the other hand, exercise can be defined as
intentional activity that is planned, structured, repeated, and meant to improve or
maintain physical fitness. The question of "Am I doing this to improve my health?
" should be addressed in order to establish if something is merely physical activity.
Do I intend to carry out this action continuously from week to week or even day to
day? as well as a no. If not, it could be regarded as exercise.
The Alberta Health Services (2018) published an article discussing how to
start being active. Maintaining a healthy body weight and avoiding certain health
issues can both be achieved with exercise and a balanced diet. Any activity that
causes your body to move counts as physical activity (e.g., household activities,
workplace activities, active transportation, and leisure time activities). Contrarily,
exercise is a type of physical activity that some people find enjoyable. Explained
better, exercise can be defined as a form of physical activity organized by an
individual. It improves muscle strength, flexibility, and aerobic fitness, e.g., strength
training and whole-body stretching exercises. However, some people aren’t
interested in exercise at all. There are always several reasons that can stop an
individual from being physically active such as not having enough time, not having
any motivation to do so, and having worries about not doing it right. There are ways
to still be physically active in these cases, like doing exercises or some manual
labor at the house for shorter durations throughout the day or engaging in activities
like bowling rather than going out for dinner with your family.
Based on an article by Novakovic (2017), any physiological movement that
involves skeletal muscle energy expenditure can be categorized as physical
activity. In other words, energy is used during physical activity rather than being
stored since it drives the body and works the muscles. A few examples of these
include activities such as walking, dancing, and cycling. However, it must be at
least at moderate to vigorous intensity to receive the health benefits from physical
activities. On the other hand, an exercise regimen can be described as a physical
activity that is scheduled, organized, and repetitive to strengthen and condition the
body. People usually engage in exercise to improve their overall health, fitness,

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and physical rehabilitation. Strengthening exercises provide muscles with
sufficient resistance to help increase endurance and strength, while cardiac
rehabilitation exercises are formulated and customized for each individual to help
improve the cardiovascular system for preventive care and management of cardiac
disorders and diseases.
Effects of Sufficient Physical Activity and Exercise
In a research done in Seoul, Korea (Kim & Jee, 2018), the researchers lead
a number of participants in conducting a once-a-week high-intensity interval
training for 12 weeks. The participants were categorized by Body Mass Index
(BMI): lower BMI (15 participants) and higher BMI (15 participants). The groups
were then divided into lower and greater activity groups based on the number of
days per week that participants engaged in regular exercise (17 for lower activity
and 13 for higher activity). At the conclusion of the program, participants in the
lower BMI group showed a significant decline in BMI, while those in the higher BMI
group displayed extraordinary results in terms of BMI, body fat, and rate of body
fat. Strength, vertical jump, and squats per second were significantly increased for
both groups. The results showed that exercising once per week for 12 weeks had
a significant impact on both physical fitness and body composition.
In a review made by Bherer (2020), he concluded that physical exercise
also contributes to developing and preserving a person's cognitive health for
his/her entire lifespan. In his discussion, he found that while aerobic training
programs were the most adopted form of intervention, most of which yielded
positive results, recent studies support the implication that a broad spectrum of
exercise interventions, be it anything from strength training to mind-body exercise,
also provides a positive impact on cognition.
As claimed by (Fernández et al., 2020), physical activity and physical
exercise might be important factors in helping the population to overcome
pandemic periods in a preferable manner, at both the mental and physical levels.
In order to minimize the influence of these periods, both should therefore be

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considered effective factors and should be included in general health care and
prevention strategies.
In addition to commonly demonstrating that physical activity causes
physical and cognitive wellbeing, physical activity is also a promising option to treat
depression among children and adolescents. A literature review written by Wegner
et al. (2020) analyzed the effects of exercise on depression in children and
adolescents. They found that several types of interventions were used to treat
clinical and non-clinical depression. It was observed that aerobic exercises were
the most used intervention. Resistance/strength training was also included in
several articles. The length of the interventions varied between the trials, from 4 to
40 weeks. The estimated average length of time for each intervention was 11.5
weeks. Most research used a frequency of two to five days per week. Three
sessions per week was often the most popular implementation frequency. Each
session lasted anywhere from five to ninety minutes in total. The typical session
lasted 41 minutes, roughly. They came to the conclusion that, despite the mild to
moderate effects that were observed, physical exercise was effective in treating
both clinical and non-clinical depression in children and adolescents. This indicates
that, obviously, engaging in physical activity can be a beneficial substitute.
In research conducted by Sandberg et al. (2016), a total of 56 participants
suffered minor strokes and were sent home to live independently. On 29 of the
participants, they began a 12-week program of group aerobic exercise lasting 60
minutes, divided into two sets of 8 minutes each. The other 27 participants did not
participate in any arranged physical therapy or scheduled exercise. The
intervention group's outcomes significantly improved, and these improvements
persisted at a 6-month follow-up. Thus, it can be said that aerobic exercise not
only aids in the treatment of depression but also considerably lowers the risk of
mild chronic stroke and enhances running, walking, balance, and quality of life.

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Home-Based Exercises
The World Health Organization (2020) recommends various workouts that
persons or families should perform while isolating themselves, even though some
fitness establishments are temporarily closed because to the epidemic and people
are self-quarantining. As long as people limit their sedentary activity, they advise
easy routines like cleaning, walking, and standing in addition to their home-based
exercise recommendations. Here are the suggested home-based exercises by
WHO:
Knee to Elbow
Alternating sides, touch one knee with the opposing elbow.
Establish your own speed. Try to do this for one to two minutes, then
pause for 30 to 60 seconds before repeating up to five times. Your heart
and breathing rates should increase as a result of this workout.
Planking
With your elbows tucked beneath your shoulders, firmly support your
forearms on the ground. Keep your hips level with your chin. Hold for 20 to
30 seconds (or longer if you can), then take a 30- to 60-second break before
repeating up to five times. Your arms, legs, and tummy all get stronger with
this activity.
Back Extensions
Touch your ears while raising your upper body while maintaining your
legs on the ground. Reducing the upper body once again Perform the
exercise 10-15 times (or more), pause for 30–60 seconds, and then repeat
up to 5 times. Your back muscles get stronger with this exercise.
Squats
Your feet should be hip-distance apart with the toes pointing outward.
Keep the heels on the ground and bend the knees as much as it is

16
comfortable for you while keeping them over (and not in front of) your feet.
Bend over and extend your legs. Exercise 10-15 times (or more), then take
a 30- to 60-second break before repeating up to 5 times. Legs and glutes
are strengthened by this exercise.
Side Knee Lifts
Lifting your knee to one side while switching sides, touch it with your
elbow. Establish your own speed. Try to do this for one to two minutes, then
pause for 30 to 60 seconds before repeating up to five times. Your heart
and breathing rates should increase as a result of this workout.
Superman
Put your hands and knees under your shoulders and hips. Lift the
opposite leg back and the corresponding arm forward, switching sides.
Exercise for 20 to 30 reps (or even more), rest for 60 to 90 seconds, and
then repeat up to five times. Your back, glutes, and stomach muscles get
stronger through this workout.
Bridge
Your knees should be over your heels as you firmly plant your feet
on the ground. Hips should be raised as high as is comfortable before being
gradually lowered once more. Exercise 10-15 times (or more), then take a
30- to 60-second break before repeating up to 5 times. Your glutes get
stronger from this exercise.
Chair Dips
Your feet should be roughly 0.5 meters distant from the chair as you
hold onto the seat. Bend your arms as you lower your hips to the floor, then
straighten them. Exercise 10 to 15 repetitions (or more), rest for 30 to 60

17
seconds, and then repeat up to five times. This exercise strengthens your
triceps.
Chest Opener
Put your fingers together behind your back. Open your chest forward
and extend your arms. Maintaining this posture for 20–30 seconds (or
more). Your shoulders and chest will extend in this position.
Child’s Pose
Keeping your knees on the floor, bring your hips to your heels. Put
your tummy on your thighs and vigorously extend your arms forward. Inhale
and exhale. Maintaining this posture for 20–30 seconds (or more). Your
sides, shoulders, and back will all be stretched in this position.
Seated Meditation
Sit down on the floor and cross your legs comfortably (alternatively,
sit on a chair). Be sure to maintain a straight back. Close your eyes, unwind,
and gradually breathe in deeper breaths. Try to keep your attention on your
breathing and away from any worries or thoughts. To unwind and clear your
mind, stay in this position for at least five to ten minutes.
Legs up the Wall
Allow your legs to rest while bringing your hips (5–10 cm) up against
the wall. Close your eyes, unwind, and gradually breathe in deeper breaths.
Try to keep your attention on your breathing and away from any thoughts or
worries. For up to five minutes, stay in this position. This position is intended
to be cozy, soothing, and stress-relieving.

18
Activity Trackers
Based on a study by Maher et al. (2017), wearable technology called activity
trackers holds great promise for helping people change their lifestyle habits like
physical activity, food, and sleep. It is often worn on the wrist and includes a
smartphone app (and occasionally online software) for tracking the user's physical
activity, sleep quality, and occasionally diet. Their findings demonstrated that
activity trackers generally encouraged users to keep tabs on their activity habits,
enhance their fitness, and enhance their health. Step counters (95%) and active
minutes were among the features on the trackers that participants said were
helpful (76 percent ). While wearing their activity trackers, the vast majority of
participants are also thought to have increased their daily physical activity. Most
participants stated that they intended to use their activity trackers for another three
years after an average of seven months.
A study suggests that activity trackers and app intervention can increase
physical activity in a whole family in the short term (Schoeppe et al., 2020). Their
study was conducted with the help of a program called “Step It Up,” and they used
commercial activity trackers combined with apps. It increased the number of
children meeting the quota of Australia’s physical activity guidelines from 34% to
89% of the sample.
Activity trackers are also well-suited for analyzing and increasing physical
activity behavior for an extended period (Auerswald et al., 2020). However, due to
the moderate usability results of the tracker, they recommended that more
customized devices be used, such as wristbands.
In a study by Koontz et al. (2017), it was tested whether daily text-based
feedback based on information from an activity tracker increases the activity level
and physical fitness of cancer survivors and active cancer patients by
implementing a text-based exercise motivation program. When a patient records
insufficient activity, an email is also sent to alert research staff. They found that
after 12 weeks of engaging in the program, 4 out of 9 patients increased their step
count. The study concluded that while technology-based motivational programs to

19
increase activity levels have been met with several hurdles, it can be addressed
by educating individuals about the importance of exercise and utilizing technology
for logistics. Overall, their early results show that there is a positive effect on
patient's activity levels.
Results found in a study by Ng et al. (2018) show that 84% of cancer
outpatients and 67% of cancer inpatients believed that wearable activity trackers
are useful, 64% of outpatients and 55% of inpatients said that these trackers help
increase physical activity and that 76% of outpatients and 59% of inpatients would
continue to wear activity trackers. We can then infer that wearable trackers are
perceived to be both useful and helpful regarding the improvement of physical
activity and, eventually, overall health.
Application Matrix
The matrix table below shows some of the applications related to Exercise
Tracker that can be found in the Microsoft Store and has a rating of a minimum of
4 stars. The list is limited but not exclusive.
TABLE I
Application Matrix
Features
Fitness
Programs
Yoga
Academy
7 Minutes
Fitter
Your
Workout
Planner
Fit in
7
Exercise
Tracker
(Developed
software)
Home-
based
exercises
✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Self-paced
workout
✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓

20
Exercise by
muscle
group
✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Has
exercise
instructions
✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Has
exercise
timer
✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Window on
top during
a workout
✓
Can view
exercise
history
✓
Can view
how many
calories
burned
✓
Can open
on start-up
of the
computer
✓
Synthesis of the Review of Related Literature
Pandemic self-quarantine has proven in many studies that it causes
reduced physical activity and increased sedentary activity in many parts of the
world. With that in mind, it is a perfect opportunity for researchers to engage the

21
problem. As discussed by the literature above, insufficient physical activity can
lead to several harmful consequences. These include non-communicable
diseases, lower metabolism, poorer blood circulation, weaker immune system, and
poor sleep quality. All of which are health-related and can bring long-term effects.
A well-developed application can influence and increase physical activity.
However, the trackers always mentioned in the literature and studies are meant to
be a device (e.g., wristwatch, wearable gadgets). With this information, the
researcher will pursue an application compatible with only a computer or laptop as
a device. The researcher also found out that some features on the related
application, which also runs on Windows desktop, are missing, so the researcher
will also aim to fill these absences on the Exercise Tracking Application.

22
Research Design
The research design used by researchers is descriptive research with
survey questionnaires. It is the most suitable design for the problem and the
purpose of the study. The method uses a survey questionnaire to investigate and
collect information from individual persons or objects in which they represent the
general population. This will suggest that the results and data of the survey
participants will be assumed as a total population.
Participants’ evaluation will be measured using the Likert scale and how
many calories the participant burns during these trials, which is also included in
the software. Their burned calories will measure the effectiveness of the
application alongside their post-survey results.
Sources of Data
Both primary and secondary sources are used by the researchers. The
primary sources are the survey questionnaire composed of questions about the
respondent and the respondent's experience after using the application. The
secondary sources are those reviewed literature and studies.
The chosen participants for the research are the IT students in Polytechnic
University of the Philippines Quezon City Branch. IT students were chosen
because researchers assumed that these students have more time using
computers, and mostly all of them have a computer in their home.
TABLE II
Distribution of the Respondents
Year & Section Count Percent (%)
2-1 1 3.4%
3-1 19 63.3%

23
3-2 10 33.3%
Total 30 100%
Table II displays the respondents' distribution in accordance with their year
and section in BSIT. Accordingly, 19 respondents are from 3-1, which makes up
63.3% of the total population, and there are 10 respondents from 3-2 and 1
respondent from 2-1.
Table III
Length of Time a Respondent Spends at Home during the Current
Pandemic
Frequency Percent Rank
less than 14 Hours 0 0% 5
14-16 Hours 1 3.33% 4
16-18 Hours 2 6.67% 3
18-20 Hours 4 13.33% 2
more than 20
Hours
23 76.67% 1
Total 30 100%
Table III shows that among the respondents, 0% or none of them spends
less than 14 hours at home during the pandemic; 0.03% or 1 spends 14-16 hours
at home during the pandemic; 0.07% or 2 spend 16-18 hours at home during the

24
pandemic; 13.33% or 4 spend 18-20 hours at home during the pandemic, and;
76.67% or 23 spend more than 20 hours at home during the pandemic.
Table IV
Frequency of Exercise Respondents Do Per Week during Current Pandemic
Frequency Percent Rank
more than 7
times
3 10% 4
4-6 times 2 6.67% 5
2-3 times 6 20% 3
1-2 times 9 30% 2
0 times 10 33.33% 1
Total 30 100%
Table IV reveals that 3 or 10% of respondents exercise more than seven
times per week during the current pandemic, 2 or 6.67% exercise between two
and four times per week during the current pandemic, 6 or 20% exercise between
one and two times per week during the current pandemic, 9 or 30% exercise once
or twice per week during the current pandemic, and 10% or 33.33% do not exercise
at all during the current pandemic.
Research Instrument
For collecting necessary information in developing the software, the
researcher created a survey questionnaire form. That will be used for the statistical
basis of the study and evaluating the software. The survey questionnaire will have

25
three parts: (1) respondents information in which will be answered by
respondent’s preference, and the (2) questionnaire form, which includes the
required information for the research; and (3) the last part is the evaluation of
satisfaction of the respondent regarding the Exercise Tracker Software. The Likert
scale format, having a five-point rating scale, was used to organize the
questionnaires. The researchers used the Likert scaling method to provide the
equivalent interpretation of the corresponding responses given.
TABLE V
Likert Scale of the Respondent’s Response
Numeric Value Response
5 Very Satisfied/Strongly Agree
4 Satisfied/Agree
3
Moderately Satisfied/Moderately
Agree
2 Slightly Satisfied/Disagree
1 Not Satisfied/Strongly Disagree

26
TABLE VI
Corresponding Remarks for Likert Scale
Score Interpretation
4.51 - 5.00
Very Satisfied/Strongly Agree
3.51 - 4.50
Satisfied/Agree
2.51 - 3.50
Moderately Satisfied/Moderately Agree
1.51 - 2.50
Slightly Satisfied/Disagree
1.00 - 1.50
Not Satisfied/Strongly Disagree

27
TABLE VII
Corresponding Ranks of Respondent’s Assessment
Score Interpretation
1 First Place
22 Second Place
3 Third Place
4 Fourth Place
5 Fifth Place
6 Sixth Place
7 Seventh Place

28
Data gathering Procedure
A survey questionnaire is used for data gathering and related software for
system referencing. With the help of the internet, self.com, to be precise, the
researchers collected 30 different exercise references and included it in the
software. The first data gathering is the survey form that will be given to
respondents. Then the researcher will distribute the Exercise Tracker software;
after a five-day trial, they will be given another survey form for their evaluation.
Finally, the researcher will compute all gathered data that will sum up the software.
1. Formulation of Data Questionnaire and Survey Forms
The pre-survey questionnaire provided by the researcher is to know
the current situation of respondents. This will help the researcher to answer
the problem. The post-survey questionnaire is all about the user’s
experience of using the Exercise Tracking software and evaluation.
2. Validation and Distribution of Data Questionnaires and Survey Forms
The questionnaire made by the researcher will undergo validation
and confirmation for approval. Doing this will determine if the formulated
questions are passed to qualification standards and maximize the correct
output.
When the questionnaire is verified and approved, it will be distributed
to respondents to answer, and the trial of Exercise Tracking software will
begin afterward.
Ethical Considerations
Respondents will only be invited for participation based on informed
consent; also, respondents willing to participate voluntarily will be given a priority.
Respondents had free will to withdraw their participation if they wanted.
Suggestions and comments by the researcher’s research adviser will be
considered as it will considerably contribute to the research’s success.

29
Data Case Analysis
After gathering the required information, a statistical method will be
conducted to organize and interpret results. Researchers use percentage and
weighted mean among other statistical methods available. The researcher chose
this method as it is easy to understand and interpret.
Percentage
This was used to present the respondents' relative distribution for a few
factors.
𝑃 =
𝑁
𝑇
𝑥100
Where:
P = percentage
N = Number of respondents who voted for an item
T = total number of respondents
Weighted Mean
By giving a certain value or weight to a specific response or option, the
weighted mean will be used to express how the respondent perceives each signal.
The weighted mean formula is:
𝛴 =
𝑓𝑥
𝑛
Where:
f = frequency
x = corresponding verbal interpretation
n = total number of respondents

30
Software Development
Iterative Model: By implementing the iterative model of software
development life cycle, developers can build a simplified system that progressively
gains more complexity as requirements are redefined until a completed system is
produced. This is necessary in designing systems that need quick prototyping and
makes “rolling back” to previous versions possible in case of any issue that partially
or fully breaks the system.
The full specification of requirements is not attempted at the outset of an
iterative life cycle model. Instead, development starts by selecting and creating
just one piece of software, which is then evaluated to determine what else is
required for the following iteration. Then, the process is repeated in order to
produce a new version of the system that incorporates the improvements made at
the conclusion of each iteration of the model. The iterative model is presented in
the figure below.
FIGURE - 3
Iterative Model

31
Planning and Requirements: Same with any project, software
development starts with a plan to get an idea of the actual development process.
Once finalized, the requirements must be properly defined, analyzed, and
determined as appropriate before starting the subsequent phases.
Analysis and Design: In this phase, developers need to study and perform
an analysis to determine the correct database models, business logic, technology
components, and similar things used at this stage of development. Designing the
system means specifying any technical requirements necessary for the
implementation of the system based on the results of the analysis.
Implementation: After the plan is built, requirements are determined, and
analysis and design are made, developers can start the actual implementation of
the design, and the coding process begins. Everything in the previous phases is
brought to reality in this phase and is released as an iteration of the project.
Testing: Once the current implementation is fully built, it is necessary to
test the system. A series of procedures are done to identify and locate any issue
that has been unseen during the previous phase.
Evaluation: After all the previous stages have been finished, a
comprehensive evaluation of the development until this phase is necessary. This
will provide the possibility to present the actual progress of the system to the
clients or outside parties, as well as the whole development team. By doing this,
the stakeholders can examine the product, whether there needs to be changed,
whatever it may be, or if the project should be moving further forward.
Deployment: The deployment of the current iteration is done between the
implementation phase and the testing phase. This will release the completed
current version of the system to the world as a web application, a mobile
application, or same with this research, a desktop application.
In building the application, the frontend, the backend, the data store, and
the runtime system all use the language called Javascript. Javascript is a

32
computer language that enables developers to add intricate functionality to
websites. It presents timely content updates and animation elements on the front
end, which together provide a dynamic user experience. However, the Server Side
Javascript (SSJS) on the backend offers backend access to servers, file systems,
and databases.
Frontend Technology: The frontend of software refers to anything that a
user can see and interact with. It can be interchangeably used with the term user
interface. From a developer’s view, frontend development is the process of
designing interfaces and programming that interface, allowing several interface
functions to be implemented.
ReactJS (or simply React) is a declarative, efficient, and flexible javascript
library used for building user interfaces most commonly on the web. It enables
programmers to create intricate user interfaces out of reusable, tiny, separated
chunks of code known as components. One of the important components of React
is the JSX (JavaScript eXtension), which allows for the addition of dynamic content
as opposed to the more conventional static pages by making it simple to modify
the Document Object Model (DOM, a representational tree of items arranged as
visible in web pages).
We can build React applications more quickly, elegantly, and easily with
the help of the adaptable and simple Material-UI component framework. In simple
terms, it is a customizable template for React components that utilizes Google’s
design system called “Material Design.” This design system boasts high-quality
digital experiences for mobile and web apps.
Backend Technology: The backend refers to software parts that a user
cannot see or directly interact with. These parts include business logic, database
models and storage, application logic, and the likes that mainly interact with how
data is accessed, processed, and stored.
ExpressJS (or simply Express) is a web application framework that
provides a simple Application Programming Interface (API) for building backends.

33
It offers a minimal interface and only the core tools required to build
applications. It becomes flexible when building more significant projects because
of the numerous modules available on the Node Package Manager (npm) that are
ready to use once installed.
Lowdb is a small JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) database used for
NodeJS and ElectronJS. It utilizes functions derived from another module named
Lodash, a modern javascript utility library, instead of the traditional Structured
Query Language (SQL).
Runtime Framework: Runtime is the final phase of a program lifecycle
where the machine executes the program’s codes. A runtime framework, then, is
a system designed to support the execution of a program. It is necessary to
develop the software because all the technologies used in the backend and the
frontend are meant to be used for the web; however, this research aims to produce
an offline desktop-based application.
ElectronJS (or simply Electron) is a runtime framework that allows the
development of cross-platform desktop applications using HTML, CSS, and
JavaScript. It utilizes the libchromiumcontent, Chromium’s rendering library, an
open-source project that made Google’s browser Chrome possible.

34
Process Flow
FIGURE - 4
Process Flow
The created system's process flow diagram is shown in the above figure.
The user must either register a profile or log in to their already made profiles. The
system verifies if the profile exists and if the password provided is correct. If the
profile does not exist or the password does not match, an error message is
returned; otherwise, the user is logged in. If registering for the first time, the system
automatically logs the user in if no problems occur during registration. There is also
the option of switching profiles once logged in.
When logged in, the user is redirected to the profile page to view and update
his profile information and see his statistics about exercising. From here, the user
can navigate to the home page, where there is a list of exercises in tabular form.

35
Each exercise has two buttons, one for viewing the instructions and another
for setting and initiating the timer. There is a separate page for viewing a particular
exercise's instructions, written and moving images. When
initiating the timer, there is also a moving image to follow during execution. The
user can set how many minutes the timer will run for that exercise.
After completing an exercise, it will be recorded to the system’s data store.
The recorded data are separated into days so that we can see in the history page
one day of exercise and the corresponding statistics that have been processed,
such as the total duration of exercise and the total calories burned. On the same
page, there is an option to change the date to be viewed.

36
System Architecture
FIGURE – 5
System Architecture

37
System Description
The Exercise Tracking Software's seven layers of components are
represented in the figure: business services, business processes, application
services, application components and services, and technological services and
components. In the system, there is only one type of user.
In business services, the system provides exercise history monitoring,
profile registration, and actual exercise activity.
The system has four business activities: profile management, viewing
exercise instructions, providing an exercise timer during a workout, and tracking
previously completed exercises.
For application services, there are three modules included: insertion
service, monitoring service, and management service. The application uses a
small, serverless storage file in JSON format to save data from the users and from
the activities that the user does. These data are encrypted to follow the data
privacy act.
There are three technology components involved in the system, namely the
workstation for the operating system, the load data store, and the Exercise
Tracking Software Server
1. What could be the barriers that are preventing students from
engaging in exercise?
The hindrances or barriers respondents had in engaging in
exercise are shown in Table VIII, along with the frequency of
responses and their rankings. As seen in the table, the most common
barrier from engaging in exercise is being too busy and having no
time for exercise, with a frequency of 25 or 83.33% of the
respondents. Second, in the rankings is having not enough
motivation for exercising with 21 responses or 70% of the
respondents, third is they think exercising is too hard for them with 8
responses or 26.67% of the respondents, fourth is that they cannot

38
afford to go to the gym with 7 responses or 23.33% of the
respondents, fifth is being not interested in exercising with 6
responses or 20% of the respondents, sixth is not knowing how to
exercise with 5 responses or 16.7% of the respondents, and seventh
place is because of the pandemic with 1 response or 3.33% of the
respondents.
TABLE VIII
Barriers that Prevent Students from Exercising
Statement Frequency Percentage (%) Rank
Exercising is too
hard for me
8 26.7% 3
I am too busy
and have no time
for exercise
25 83.33% 1
I’m not interested
in exercising
6 20% 5
I’m not motivated
enough to
exercise
21 70% 2
I can’t afford to
go to the gym
7 23.33% 4
I don’t know how
to exercise
5 16.67% 6
Because of
pandemic
1 3.33% 7

39
2. What is the level of agreement of the respondents on the
benefits of the developed software?
The respondent's level of agreement regarding the benefits of
the developed software is shown in Table IX, along with the
interpretation and their rankings. The respondents concurred on the
potential advantages of the developed system, as shown in the table.
The resulting overall mean evaluation of 4.26 makes this
clear.According to the responses, a possible benefit of the system is
reducing sitting time with a mean response of 4.56, and the verbal
interpretation is “Strongly Agree.” Stress management is placed
second with a mean response of 4.33 and a verbal interpretation of
"Agree." Weight loss is ranked fifth with a mean response of 4.03 and
a verbal interpretation of "Agree," while depression therapy is ranked
fourth with a mean response of 4.13 and a verbal interpretation of
"Agree." Muscle strengthening is ranked third with a mean response
of 4.23.

40
TABLE IX
Level of Agreement of the Respondents in Terms of Possible Benefits
Statement Mean Response Interpretation Rank
1. Weight
Loss
4.03 Agree 5
2. Muscle
Building
4.23 Agree 3
3. Stress
Reduction
4.33 Agree 2
4. Depressio
n
Treatment
4.13 Agree 4
5. Reduces
Sitting
Time
4.56 Strongly Agree 1
Overall 4.26 Agree
3. What is the level of satisfaction of the respondents on
developed software?
The level of satisfaction of the respondents are categorized
into Reliability (1), Efficiency (2), Usability (3), and Functionality (4)

41
TABLE X
Respondent’s Level of Satisfaction
Statement
Mean
Response
Interpretation Rank
1. Reliability 4.3 Satisfied 3.5
2. Efficiency 4.4 Satisfied 2
3. Usability 4.46 Satisfied 1
4. Functionality
4.1 General
Features
4.2
6
4.3 Satisfied 3.5
4.2 Detailed
Features
4.3
3
Overall 4.37 Satisfied
Table X shows the overall satisfactory rate of the respondents. As shown in
the table, Usability got the highest mean response with a total of 4.46 and
corresponding verbal interpretation of “Satisfied.” Next is the Efficiency with a total
of 4.4 mean responses and a verbal interpretation of “Satisfied” as well. Following
that is the Reliability and Functionality with a tie score of 4.3 mean response, which
places them on the same rank and has a verbal interpretation of “Satisfied.”
Overall, the respondent’s level of satisfaction on using the Exercise Tracker
software is 4.37 mean response and a verbal interpretation of “Satisfied.”

42
3.1 Reliability
TABLE XI
Respondent’s satisfaction in terms of Reliability
Statement Mean Response Interpretation Rank
Maturity – Exercise
Tracking software
is able to accept
solutions for
missing
functionalities.
4.37 Satisfied 1
Fault Tolerance –
In the event of a
software error, the
Exercise Tracker
program can retain
a certain degree of
performance or
continue to run (s)
4.2 Satisfied 3
Error Handling -
enables people to
act remedially after
recognizing an
error
4.33 Satisfied 2

43
Table XI shows the respondent’s level of satisfaction in terms of Reliability.
With a mean answer of 4.37 and a verbal interpretation of "Satisfied," Maturity
received the highest score, followed by Error Handling (mean response of 4.33
and verbal interpretation of "Satisfied") and Fault Tolerance (mean response of 4.2
and verbal interpretation of "Satisfied"). With a verbal interpretation of "Satisfied,"
the respondents' overall level of satisfaction in terms of reliability had a mean
answer of 4.3.
3.2 Efficiency
TABLE - XII
Respondent’s satisfaction in terms of Efficiency
Mean Response Interpretation Rank
When executing
various functions,
the system delivers
adequate response
and processing
times.
4.23 Satisfied 3
The system can
perform a
sequence of
actions easily.
4.5 Satisfied 2
The system has an
acceptable
duration of starting
up.
4.47 Satisfied 1

44
Table XII shows the respondent’s level of satisfaction in terms of Efficiency.
“Acceptable duration of starting up” got the highest rank of 4.47 mean response
and verbal interpretation of “Satisfied.” Second is the “Perform a sequence of
actions easily” with a 4.5 mean response and a verbal interpretation of “Satisfied.”
Last is the “Appropriate and response time,” with a 4.23 mean response and a
verbal interpretation of “Satisfied.” Overall, respondent’s level of satisfaction in
terms of Efficiency had a 4.4 mean response and verbal interpretation of
“Satisfied.”
3.3 Usability
TABLE - XIII
Respondent’s satisfaction in terms of Usability
Mean
Response
Interpretation Rank
Understandability –
Exercise Tracker
uses standards in its
User Interfaces
4.4 Satisfied 3
Learnability –
Exercise Tracker
exhibits task
simplicity and
upholds a high level
of positive user
experience.
4.47 Satisfied 2
Operability – The
system's instructions
are clear and
4.5 Satisfied 1

45
consistent.
The respondents' level of satisfaction with Usability is displayed in Table XIII. With
a mean reaction of 4.5 and a verbal interpretation of "Satisfied," Operability
receives the highest score, followed by Learnability (mean response of 4.47 and
verbal interpretation of "Satisfied") and Understandability (mean response of 4.4
and verbal interpretation of "Satisfied"). Overall, the verbal interpretation of
"Satisfied" for Usability is 4.46, which represents a level of contentment.
3.4 Functionality
TABLE - XIV
Respondent’s satisfaction in terms of Functionality
Mean
Response
Interpretation Rank
General Features
(e.g., Exercise
presets, Calorie Burn
Counter, etc.)
4.27 Satisfied 2
Detailed Features
(e.g., History,
Instructions, etc.)
4.33 Satisfied 1
Table XIV shows the respondent’s level of satisfaction in terms of
Functionality. Overall, the degree of satisfaction in terms of Functionality had a
mean answer of 4.3 and a verbal interpretation of "Satisfied," with the highest mean

46
response for Detailed Features coming in at 4.33 and a verbal interpretation of
"Satisfied," followed by General Features at 4.27.
Summary of Findings
The conclusions drawn from the data in the previous chapter are as
follows.
The frequency, percentage, and weighted means statistical techniques were
utilized to total, tabulate, analyze, and interpret the data collected. The following
conclusions were reached after data analysis:
1. The barriers that prevent students from engaging in exercise.
Based on the conducted survey, the most common barrier from engaging
in exercise is being too busy and having no time to exercise, to which 83.33% of
the respondents admitted. Several other barriers were found, including not being
motivated enough to exercise, finding it hard to execute exercises, and that they
cannot afford to go to the gym. The least common barrier is because of the
pandemic.
2. The level of agreement of the respondents on the benefits of the
developed software.
According to the survey, the benefit of less sitting time received the highest
mean response of 4.56, which is equivalent to the verbal interpretation of "Strongly
Agree." Other benefits include stress reduction, muscle building, depression
treatment, and weight loss, which received mean responses of 4.33, 4.23, 4.13,
and 4.03, respectively, and all of them are equivalent to the verbal interpretation
of "Agree."
3. The level of satisfaction of the respondents on developed software?
Based on the conducted survey, the respondents provided an overall mean
response of 4.37 for the level of satisfaction, and it has a verbal interpretation of
“Satisfied.” Specifically, Usability got the highest mean response of 4.46, Efficiency

47
got a mean response of 4.4, and both Functionality and Reliability got a mean
response of 4.3.
Conclusions
The researcher concluded the following based on the data examined and
study results:
1. Through the conducted survey, the researchers determined that the three
most common barriers to engaging in exercise are being too busy and
having no time for exercise, not having enough motivation for exercising,
and thinking that exercise is too strenuous.
2. The most possible benefits that the developed software can provide its
users include reduction of sitting time, stress reduction, and muscle
building.
3. The features of the developed system are proved useful and can be a
solution to the challenges encountered by the respondents. The
researchers conclude that the developed system provides satisfaction to
the respondents in terms of reliability, efficiency, usability, and functionality.
Recommendations
These suggestions are made in light of the findings and conclusions.
1. Due to the barriers from engaging in exercises, students, and people in
general, should consider using assistive technology or applications to help
them get started with doing some exercises as it is proven that sedentary
behavior can negatively affect health.
2. Considering the respondents' level of satisfaction, the developed software,
with its benefits, can be used by anyone who needs help in finding the
opportunity to start a healthier lifestyle through engaging in exercises.
Therefore, the researchers recommend that students use the software, and
people in general, especially those who take a lot of time sitting or lying
down.

48
3. The researchers suggest to future researchers that the developed software
also be created as a mobile application for people who do not own
computers and/or make compatible versions for Mac and Linux systems as
the developed software is only available for Windows.
4. The following can be looked at by researchers with a similar interest in this
topic to enhance the system: functionality for interval exercises, voice-
assisted exercise activities, and exercise planner.

49
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54
APPENDICES
Survey Questionnaire
“Exercise Tracking Software as a Motivation for Physical Fitness”
Survey Questionnaire
PART I: PARTICIPANT INFORMATION
Directions: Fill in the information below. Please check (✓) one box below.
Name (Optional): ___________________________________ Age:_______
Sexual representation:
⬜Male
⬜Female
⬜Other (Please specify) :___________
1. How long do you stay at home during this pandemic per day?
⬜ >20 hours
⬜ 18-20 hours
⬜ 16-18 hours
⬜ 14-16 hours
⬜ < 14 hours
1. How often do you take a break from using gadgets?
⬜ 1 - Never
⬜ 2
⬜ 3
⬜ 4

55
⬜ 5 - Always
1. How often do you exercise per week during this pandemic before using the
software?
⬜ > 7 times
⬜ 4-6 times
⬜ 2-3 times
⬜1-2 times
⬜ Never
PART II: SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE
Directions: Please answer honestly the questions below. Check (✓) all that apply.
1. What is the reason that prevents you from exercising?
⬜ Exercising is too hard for me.
⬜ I am too busy and have no time for exercising.
⬜ I’m not interested in exercising.
⬜ I’m not motivated enough to exercise.
⬜ I can’t afford to go to the gym
⬜ I don’t know how to exercise
⬜ Other (Please specify) :__________
DIRECTIONS: Rate the possible benefit of software on prolonged use.
5
(Strongly
Agree)
4
(Agree
)
3
(Slightly
Agree)
2
(Disagre
e)
1
(Strongly
Disagree)
1. Weight loss
1. Muscle
building

56
1. Stress
reduction
1. Depression
Treatment
1. Reduces
sitting time
PART III: USER SATISFACTION
Directions: Please check (✓) and rate the software honestly based on your
experience.
I. RELIABILITY
5
(Very
Satisfied
)
4
(Satisfie
d)
3
(Moderatel
y
Satisfied)
2
(Slightly
Satisfie
d)
1
(Not
Satisfie
d)
Maturity – Exercise
Tracking Software is
capable of accepting
workarounds on
functionalities that are
not present
Fault Tolerance – The
Exercise Tracker
Software has the ability
to maintain a specified
level of performance or
continue functioning in

57
the event of software
fault(s)
Error Handling - allows
users to take corrective
action once an error
has been recognized
II. EFFICIENCY
5
(Very
Satisfied
)
4
(Satisfie
d)
3
(Moderatel
y
Satisfied)
2
(Slightly
Satisfie
d)
1
(Not
Satisfie
d)
The system provides
appropriate response
and processing times
when performing
various functions.
The system can
perform a sequence of
actions easily.
The system has an
acceptable duration of
starting up.
III. USABILITY

58
5
(Very
Satisfie
d)
4
(Satisfie
d)
3
(Moderatel
y
Satisfied)
2
(Slightly
Satisfie
d)
1
(Not
Satisfie
d)
Understandability –
Exercise Tracker uses
standards in its User
Interfaces
Learnability – Exercise
Tracker displays
straightforwardness of
performing tasks and
maintains a level of
pleasant User
experience
Operability – The
system exhibits clarity
and consistent
instructions
IV. FUNCTIONALITY
5
(Very
Satisfied)
4
(Satisfie
d)
3
(Moderatel
y
Satisfied)
2
(Slightly
Satisfie
d)
1
(Not
Satisfie
d)
General Features
(e.g., Exercise

59
presets, Calorie Burn
Counter, etc.)
Detailed Features
(e.g., History,
Instructions, etc.)

60
Sample Response

61

62

63

64

65

66

67
Respondents Response

68

69

70

71

72

73

74

75

76

77

78

79
System Screenshot

80

81
CERTIFICATION OF ORIGINALITY
This is to certify that the research work presented in this thesis entitled
“Exercise Tracking Software as a Motivation for Physical Fitness,” for the degree
Bachelor of Science in Information Technology at the Polytechnic University of the
Philippines-Quezon City Branch embodies the result of original and scholarly work
carried out by the undersigned. This research does not contain words or ideas
taken from published sources or written works that have been accepted as basis
for the award of a degree from any other higher education institution, except where
proper referencing and acknowledgment were made.
______________________________
EUGENE KYLE A. CANCIO
______________________________
JAIRUS MIGUEL T. MONTANTE
Researchers

82

83

84
Turnitin Checker Result

85
Curriculum Vitae
Cancio, Eugene Kyle A.
Address: Block 108, Lot Southville 8b Phase 2 San Isidro,
Rodriguez, Rizal
09507232831
eugenekylecancio@gmail.com
A 4th-year student at the Polytechnic University of the Philippines. He is known for
being proficient in Photoshop, Illustrator, and Adobe Premiere. Aside from being good in
digital arts, his good eye for documentation is also a plus. During his college years, he
was also exposed to the field of Data Science. He is also known for his programming
skills and deep understanding when it comes to creating web designs.
Educational Background:
• College Polytechnic University of 2018 - present
the Philippines
BSIT
Quezon City
• Tertiary Senior Highschool: College of Arts and
Sciences of Asia and the 2016- 2018
Pacific – Rodriguez Branch
• Secondary Junior Highschool: Southville 8B National 2012-2016
High School
Skills
• Full-stack Web Development
• UI/UX Designing
• Basic Programming.
• Perform Visual Graphic Adobe design, Adobe Photoshop, etc.
Personal Data
Height: 167cm Weight: 75kg.
Age: 23 years old Nationality: Filipino
Birthday: July 7, 1999 Status: Single
Place of Birth: Quezon City Religion: Roman Catholic
Gender: Male Language Spoken: English, Fil

86
Montante, Jairus Miguel T.
Address: 10 Arriola Street, Dulong Bayan 2, San Mateo, Rizal
09339514102
jrusmon@gmail.com
Jairus is a programmer who has been learning independently while also being a student
of Information Technology. He mainly practices web development on both the front-end
and the back-end and is interested in data science. He always does personal projects
whenever he feels the need to re-learn a tech stack.
Educational Background:
Level School
Year Graduated (if
applicable)
College
Polytechnic University of the
Philippines Quezon City
Branch (BSIT)
2018-present
Senior High School Roosevelt College San Mateo 2018
Junior High School Sta. Elena High School 2016
Skills
• Front-end Web Development (jQuery, ReactJS)
• Back-end Web Development (PHP, NodeJS, Python)
• Database Management
• Basic Programming (Python)
Personal Data
Height: 172 cm Weight: 80 kg.
Age: 22 years old Nationality: Filipino
Birthday: August 27, 1999 Status: Single
Place of Birth: Marikina City Religion: Members Church of God
International
Gender: Male Language Spoken: English, Filipino

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