Figures of Speech explained by Mrs. Lopamudra Mohapatra in 3 parts. This is Part 3. Part 1: https://www.slideshare.net/SunshineOnly/figures-of-speech-part-1 Part 2: https://www.slideshare.net/SunshineOnly/figures-of-speech-part-2

4. The ice was here, the ice was
there, the ice was all around:
Water, water, everywhere,
And all the boards did shrink;
Water, water, everywhere,
Nor any drop to drink.

5. Malapropism happens when a word is
replaced by an incorrect word that
sounds similar.

6. "illiterate him quite from your memory"
(instead of 'obliterate')‘.
"she's as headstrong as an allegory" (instead
of alligator).
Mrs Malaprop, in Sheridan’s Play ‘The Rivals’

7. ZEUGMA

15. The story "The Tiger King" is
a supreme example of
dramatic irony

16. Situational irony in this story The Necklace
occurs because Madame Loisel really wants to
be in the upperclass, but because she insists
on borrowing the necklace, she ends up in
lower class than when she started
Situational irony in The Gift of the Magi
In this short story by O. Henry, a wife sells her
hair to buy her husband a watch chain, and her
husband sells his watch to buy her combs for her
hair. Both have made sacrifices in order to buy
gifts for one another, but in the end, the gifts are
useless. The real gift is how much they are
willing to give up to show their love for one
another.

17. Verbal Irony
Julius Caesar
Yet Brutus says he was
ambitious;
and Brutus is
an honorable
man

18. Jonathan Swift’s Gulliver Travels is one of the
finest satirical works in English Literature.
Swift relentlessly satirizes politics, religion,
and Western Culture.
Satire is a technique employed by writers to
expose and criticize foolishness and
corruption of an individual or a society by
using humor, irony, exaggeration or ridicule. It
intends to improve humanity by criticizing its
follies and foibles. A writer in a satire uses
fictional characters, which stand for real
people, to expose and condemn their
corruption.
The Kingdom of Lilliput” is dominated by two
parties distinguished by the size of the heels
of their boots
Swift satirizes the minor disputes of the two
English parties of his period.

19. What’s the use you learning to do
right, when it’s troublesome to do
right and isn’t no trouble to do
wrong, and the wages is just the
same?
Mark Twain’s Huckleberry Finn SATIRE

20. CLICHÉ
a phrase or opinion
that is overused to
the extent that it
loses its
original meaning or
novelty. It betrays a
lack of original
thought.
"that old cliché ‘a
woman's place is in
the home’

24. Climax is the arrangement of a
series of ideas in the order of
increasing importance.
Eg: "There are three things that
will endure: faith, hope, and
love. But the greatest of these is
love.“
“ I came, I saw, I conquered”

25. Anticlimax is the opposite of Climax— a sudden
descent from higher to lower. It is chiefly
used for the purpose of satire or ridicule.
Eg: He lost his family, his car and his cell phone.

27. o

28. BATHOS
Her hair was finely curled, her cheeks were
lined with rouge, and her dress was a
flowing green and blue which made her
look rather like a tired, old peacock.
The previous sentence is an example of
bathos: an abrupt turn from the serious
and poetic to the mundane and silly. Rather
than likening the woman to a beautiful bird,
she is compared, surprisingly, to a tired, old
peacock.
He spent his final hour of life doing what he
loved most: arguing with his wife.
Whereas the description of someone’s final
hours is usually respectful and solemn, this
one is surprisingly and unexpected
humorous due to bathos.

29. Down dropped the breeze, the sails
dropped down
Departure from normal word for the
sake of emphasis.
Also called as inversion
Example: Glistens the dew upon the
morning grass
( Normally the grass glistens upon the
morning grass)
ANASTROPHE

32. Thank You Folks!
Source: Google/Internet Images