Ferroalloys refer to iron alloys with high proportions of elements like manganese, aluminum, or silicon. They are used to impart distinctive qualities to steel and cast iron. Ferroalloys are closely associated with the iron and steel industry, which is the leading consumer. The main ferroalloy producing countries are China, Ukraine, South Africa, and Russia, which account for 77% of global production. Ferroalloys are generally produced through two methods - more commonly via carbothermic reactions reducing oxides with carbon, or by adding elements to molten iron.