Fall 2014 Condensed Article
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The study examined how brand logos can impact self-esteem depending on social context. 135 undergraduate students imagined scenarios wearing a visible logo or not in the presence of the same people or different people from a prior event. Those with a logo reported more positive feelings with different people but more negative feelings, like embarrassment, with the same people, suggesting logos boost confidence with new audiences but risk a "wearing the same thing" stigma with familiar audiences. The results demonstrate the psychological impact of logos depends on whether others have seen the outfit before.
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ROSELLINA FERRARO, AMNA KIRMANI, and TED MATHERLYConspicu.docx
ROSELLINA FERRARO, AMNA KIRMANI, and TED MATHERLY*
Conspicuous brand usage, defined as attention-getting use of a brand,
causes brand dilution under certain conditions. This research examines
changes in observers' attitudes toward a brand after seeing a brand user
engaged in conspicuous use of the brand. The authors propose that
observers infer that a consumer engaged in conspicuous brand usage is
driven by an ulterior motive of impression management. When observers
have low self-brand connection, they exhibit less favorable attitudes
toward both the brand user and the brand. In contrast, observers with
high self-brand connection maintain their favorable view of the brand in
the face of a conspicuous brand user. Three studies demonstrate the
brand dilution effect of conspicuous brand usage.
Keywords: brand dilution, flaunting, impression management, self-brand
connection, social influence
Look at Me! Look at Me! Conspicuous
Brand Usage, Self-Brand Connection,
and Dilution
Companies spend millions of dollars to enhance or main-
tain their brand image. Researchers have examined marketing
actions that may hurt brand image, including brand exten-
sions (Loken and John 1993), line extensions (Kirmani,
Sood, and Bridges 1999; Swaminathan, Page, and Giirhan-
Canli 2007), negative publicity (Ahluwalia, Bumkrant, and
Unnava 2000), and trademark violations (PuUig, Simmons,
and Netemeyer 2006). Prior research has emphasized how
the firm's own marketing actions or the actions of external
entities (e.g., competition, channel partners, the media) can
dilute the brand (for a review, see Loken and John 2010).
We propose that brand image may also be diluted by the
actions of brand users. Specifically, we argue that when
consumers see others engaging in conspicuous brand usage,
they may form a negative impression of the brand, resulting
*Rosellina Ferraro is Associate Professor of Marketing (e-mail: rferraro®
rhsmith.umd.edu), and Amna Kirmani is Professor of Marketing (e-mail:
[email protected]). Smith School of Business, University of
Maryland. Ted Matherly is Assistant Professor of Marketing, Spears
School of Business, Oklahoma State University (e-mail: [email protected]
okstate.edu). The authors thank Ilenia Confente, Heather Johnson, Ajay
Abraham, and Zachary Arens for serving as models for the study stimuli.
The authors thank the review team for their helpful comments and sugges-
tions throughout the review process. Chris Janiszewski served as associate
editor for this article.
in brand dilution. However, this effect is dependent on how
connected the observer is to the brand.
We define conspicuous brand use as attendon-getting
behavior with regard to the brand, such as flaunting or
name-dropping. We argue that consumers who use the brand
in an attention-getting manner are perceived as doing so for
ulterior motives, such as to manage impressions or gain
social approval. These "showing off' behaviors are viewed
as inappropriate and may ultimately re ...
When you are what you own: do physically attractive people benefit more from ...
Although desirable brands may positively affect impressions of its owner, brand ownership may also evoke negative reactions if a brand’s image is seen as incongruent with the brand owner. An experimental study tests the influence of physical attractiveness of a brand owner and observers’ level of materialism on the transference of brand sophistication onto a brand owner. Brand sophistication and physical attractiveness are manipulated and levels of materialism are measured. Results suggest that attractive brand owners are generally perceived as sophisticated, regardless of brand sophistication or observers’ materialism. For less attractive brand owners, owning a sophisticated brand may backfire, and decrease perceptions of sophistication, particularly when the observer is materialistic. Implications are that desirable brands are most likely to increase liking of brand owners when the brand fits the owner, and that owning desirable brands may backfire for lower levels of fit.
Recommended
ROSELLINA FERRARO, AMNA KIRMANI, and TED MATHERLYConspicu.docx
ROSELLINA FERRARO, AMNA KIRMANI, and TED MATHERLY*
Conspicuous brand usage, defined as attention-getting use of a brand,
causes brand dilution under certain conditions. This research examines
changes in observers' attitudes toward a brand after seeing a brand user
engaged in conspicuous use of the brand. The authors propose that
observers infer that a consumer engaged in conspicuous brand usage is
driven by an ulterior motive of impression management. When observers
have low self-brand connection, they exhibit less favorable attitudes
toward both the brand user and the brand. In contrast, observers with
high self-brand connection maintain their favorable view of the brand in
the face of a conspicuous brand user. Three studies demonstrate the
brand dilution effect of conspicuous brand usage.
Keywords: brand dilution, flaunting, impression management, self-brand
connection, social influence
Look at Me! Look at Me! Conspicuous
Brand Usage, Self-Brand Connection,
and Dilution
Companies spend millions of dollars to enhance or main-
tain their brand image. Researchers have examined marketing
actions that may hurt brand image, including brand exten-
sions (Loken and John 1993), line extensions (Kirmani,
Sood, and Bridges 1999; Swaminathan, Page, and Giirhan-
Canli 2007), negative publicity (Ahluwalia, Bumkrant, and
Unnava 2000), and trademark violations (PuUig, Simmons,
and Netemeyer 2006). Prior research has emphasized how
the firm's own marketing actions or the actions of external
entities (e.g., competition, channel partners, the media) can
dilute the brand (for a review, see Loken and John 2010).
We propose that brand image may also be diluted by the
actions of brand users. Specifically, we argue that when
consumers see others engaging in conspicuous brand usage,
they may form a negative impression of the brand, resulting
*Rosellina Ferraro is Associate Professor of Marketing (e-mail: rferraro®
rhsmith.umd.edu), and Amna Kirmani is Professor of Marketing (e-mail:
[email protected]). Smith School of Business, University of
Maryland. Ted Matherly is Assistant Professor of Marketing, Spears
School of Business, Oklahoma State University (e-mail: [email protected]
okstate.edu). The authors thank Ilenia Confente, Heather Johnson, Ajay
Abraham, and Zachary Arens for serving as models for the study stimuli.
The authors thank the review team for their helpful comments and sugges-
tions throughout the review process. Chris Janiszewski served as associate
editor for this article.
in brand dilution. However, this effect is dependent on how
connected the observer is to the brand.
We define conspicuous brand use as attendon-getting
behavior with regard to the brand, such as flaunting or
name-dropping. We argue that consumers who use the brand
in an attention-getting manner are perceived as doing so for
ulterior motives, such as to manage impressions or gain
social approval. These "showing off' behaviors are viewed
as inappropriate and may ultimately re ...
When you are what you own: do physically attractive people benefit more from ...
Although desirable brands may positively affect impressions of its owner, brand ownership may also evoke negative reactions if a brand’s image is seen as incongruent with the brand owner. An experimental study tests the influence of physical attractiveness of a brand owner and observers’ level of materialism on the transference of brand sophistication onto a brand owner. Brand sophistication and physical attractiveness are manipulated and levels of materialism are measured. Results suggest that attractive brand owners are generally perceived as sophisticated, regardless of brand sophistication or observers’ materialism. For less attractive brand owners, owning a sophisticated brand may backfire, and decrease perceptions of sophistication, particularly when the observer is materialistic. Implications are that desirable brands are most likely to increase liking of brand owners when the brand fits the owner, and that owning desirable brands may backfire for lower levels of fit.
Running head SEXUALITY, MEDIA, AND ATTRACTION 1 SEXUALITY,.docx
Running head: SEXUALITY, MEDIA, AND ATTRACTION 1
SEXUALITY, MEDIA, AND ATTRACTION 2
SEXUALITY, MEDIA, AND ATTRACTION 21
Sexual Priming, Physical Attractiveness, and the Media: An Analysis
A Prior Student
Florida International University
Abstract
Methods One Students: Typically, authors add their abstract for the paper here on the second page. As you can see, the abstract for this paper is missing. Your job is to supply that abstract!
Read over the following paper, which is an actual paper turned in by a former student taking
Research Methods and Design II at FIU. This is similar to a paper you will write next semester.
Review the studies in this paper, and spot the hypotheses, independent and dependent variables, participants, results, and implications, and write it up in one paragraph (no more than 200 words maximum). Make sure to include keywords as well (keywords are words or short phrases that researchers use when searching through online databases like PsycInfo – they need to be descriptive of the paper, so come up with three or four that seem to suit this paper). Good luck!
Keywords: Methods II Paper, Abstract Assignment, Methods II Preview
Sexual Priming, Physical Attractiveness, and the Media: An Analysis
Imagine watching the news and seeing a picture of a man with a ski mask and knife in hand. What words that come to mind with regard to this mental image? Might the man to be a murderer? Do words like “scary,” “frightening,” and “dangerous” arise unbidden? Media outlets like the news, movies, and T.V. shows off paint the image of a serial killer as one with a ski mask and knife. People have been primed to make these associations to then respond accordingly, perhaps in fear, shock, or caution. Priming is when a stimulus, in the form of a cue, triggers a reaction in our cognition and releases as set of subsequent behavior (White, Danek, Herring, Taylor, & Crites, 2018). According to Alhabash, McAlister, Wonkyung, Lou, Cunningham, Quilliam, and Richards (2017), priming makes it so that, after a participant is exposed to a cue, they respond to the following stimulus with the information related to and triggered by the cue to then make decisions. Now, if the cues were sexually-implicit, would it provoke a pattern of similarly sexual thoughts and concepts? What, then, are the effects of sexually-primed advertisements on an individual’s judgment of character?
Alhabash et al. (2017) reported that there are about a billion people who use social networking sites like Facebook daily. As a result, marketers, particularly those in the alcohol business, are making the switch and investing more of their resources into advertising on social media, where it is both cost-effective and less-restrictive. The authors found that alcoholic ads promoted drinking behavior in those who were already predisposed to drinking at a moderate to high level. In this case, exposure to the ads served as catalysts t ...
Running head SEXUALITY, MEDIA, AND ATTRACTION 1 SEXUALITY,.docx
Running head: SEXUALITY, MEDIA, AND ATTRACTION 1
SEXUALITY, MEDIA, AND ATTRACTION 2
SEXUALITY, MEDIA, AND ATTRACTION 23
Sexual Priming, Physical Attractiveness, and the Media: An Analysis
A Prior Student
Florida International University
Abstract
Methods One Students: Typically, authors add their abstract for the paper here on the second page. As you can see, the abstract for this paper is missing. Your job is to supply that abstract!
Read over the following paper, which is an actual paper turned in by a former student taking
Research Methods and Design II at FIU. This is similar to a paper you will write next semester.
Review the studies in this paper, and spot the hypotheses, independent and dependent variables, participants, results, and implications, and write it up in one paragraph (no more than 200 words maximum). Make sure to include keywords as well (keywords are words or short phrases that researchers use when searching through online databases like PsycInfo – they need to be descriptive of the paper, so come up with three or four that seem to suit this paper). Good luck!
Keywords: Methods II Paper, Abstract Assignment, Methods II Preview
Sexual Priming, Physical Attractiveness, and the Media: An Analysis
Imagine watching the news and seeing a picture of a man with a ski mask and knife in hand. What words that come to mind with regard to this mental image? Might the man to be a murderer? Do words like “scary,” “frightening,” and “dangerous” arise unbidden? Media outlets like the news, movies, and T.V. shows off paint the image of a serial killer as one with a ski mask and knife. People have been primed to make these associations to then respond accordingly, perhaps in fear, shock, or caution. Priming is when a stimulus, in the form of a cue, triggers a reaction in our cognition and releases as set of subsequent behavior (White, Danek, Herring, Taylor, & Crites, 2018). According to Alhabash, McAlister, Wonkyung, Lou, Cunningham, Quilliam, and Richards (2017), priming makes it so that, after a participant is exposed to a cue, they respond to the following stimulus with the information related to and triggered by the cue to then make decisions. Now, if the cues were sexually-implicit, would it provoke a pattern of similarly sexual thoughts and concepts? What, then, are the effects of sexually-primed advertisements on an individual’s judgment of character?
Alhabash et al. (2017) reported that there are about a billion people who use social networking sites like Facebook daily. As a result, marketers, particularly those in the alcohol business, are making the switch and investing more of their resources into advertising on social media, where it is both cost-effective and less-restrictive. The authors found that alcoholic ads promoted drinking behavior in those who were already predisposed to drinking at a moderate to high level. In this case, exposure to the ads served as catalysts t.
A STUDY ON BRAND PERCEPTION IN ELECTRONICS INDUSTRY
The study titled, “A Study On Brand Perception In Electronics Industry” focuses on the level of awareness and perception customers have about for a brand. For the purpose of the study, an electronics company „s customers were surveyed for a period of two months. The tools used for analysis are frequencies test, mean analysis, independent sample T – Test and ANOVA. At the end of the study, it was found that factors such as quality, warranty, brand image influenced customer‟s perception of the brand. Some findings about the customer demographics were also found
Deconstruction of Literature MatrixSource 1S.docx
Deconstruction of Literature Matrix
Source 1
Source 2
Source 3
APA Reference
LaMontagne, L. (2015). MarketingSherpa consumer purchase preference survey: Demographics of customer reasons to follow brands’ social accounts. Retrieved from https://www.marketingsherpa.com/article/chart/demographics-why-customer-follow-brands-social-media
Laroche, M., Habibi, M. R., & Richard, M. O. (2013). To be or not to be in social media: How brand loyalty is affected by social media? International Journal of Information Management, 33(1). 76–82. doi:10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2012.07.003
M. Onur Gulbahar, M. O. &.Fazli, Y. (2015). Marketing efforts related to Social Media channels and mobile application usage in Tourism: a Case study in Istanbul. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 195(3). 453-462. doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.06.489
Purpose & Significance (Theme)
Discover why people from different ages and locations follow product brands on social media.
The research aimed to understand the effects of Social media, and customer loyalty regarding product brands.
The author’s research exemplified the efforts performed by hotel management in Istanbul to market hotel services on Social media channels, and mobile applications.
Research Question(s):
For which of the following reasons, if any, do you follow, like, and/or connect with a brand's social media account(s)?
Is brand loyalty affected by the social media?
Which social media channel is preferred for marketing efforts in Turkey or which channels are used by companies for CRM based efforts?
Design and Population:
Study Design
Subjects
The population used was diverse. People from the age of 18 to above 65 were used. They were from different genders and occupations.
The research focused on 441 respondents. The research did not identify the specific ages or locations of the subjects used.
The research concentrated on nineteen hotels in Istanbul.
Methodology:
Instrumentation
Procedures
Statistical Analysis
Limitations & Assumptions
Online survey. The research was carried out using different social media platforms. This was to know the number of people using the platforms and to know the effect that the platforms have on them when it comes to following a brand on the social media.
Researchers sent questionnaires through several posts on websites, such as Facebook, MySpace, and Twitter along with distribution lists. The research process and all the procedures took place on the social media. This was to make sure that information is only gathered from the involved parties.
In-depth questions; field survey. For the research to obtain information that could be of help, a field survey was done. This included visiting some hotels within Istanbul and asking questions about the effects of social media on their marketing strategies. Nineteen hotels were interviewed.
Results:
Key Findings:
Hypothesis Supported
The young are the most likely to follow up brands on the social media whereas the elderly rarely follow up.
A03510107
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Business and Management. IJBMI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Business and Management, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
The Rise [and Fall] of Influencer Marketing
Presentation given as part of a panel at AEJMC 2018 Conference in Washington D.C.
Building Corporate Associations Consumer Attributions for C
Building Corporate Associations:
Consumer Attributions for Corporate
Socially Responsible Programs
Pam Scholder Ellen
Georgia State University
Deborah J. Webb
University o f West Georgia
Lois A. Mohr
Georgia State University
Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is often used as a
key criterion in gauging corporate reputation. This re-
search examined the influence of consumers' attributions
on corporate outcomes in response to CSR. Researchers
and managers have considered consumers' beliefs about
CSR initiatives to be simplistic, serving either economic
ends or reflecting sincere social concerns. The results o f
two studies established that consumers'attributions were
more complex than traditionally viewed, mirroring many
of the motives ascribed to companies by managers and re-
searchers. Rather than viewing corporate efforts along a
self- or other-centered continuum, consumers differenti-
ated four types of motives: self-centered motives that are
strategic and egoistic and other-centered motives that are
values driven and stakeholder driven. Consumers re-
sponded most positively to CSR efforts they judged as val-
ues driven and strategic while responding negatively to
efforts perceived as stakeholder driven or egoistic.
Attributions were shown to affect purchase intent as well
as mediate the structure of an often
Keywords: corporate social responsibility; corporate
associations; motives; altruism; cause mar-
keting; corporate reputation; commitment;
congruency
Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science.
Volume 34, No. 2, pages 147-157.
DOI: 10.1177/0092070305284976
Copyright �9 2006 by Academy of Marketing Science.
Aaker (2005) claimed that most industries are hostile or
are becoming hostile, meaning that they are characterized
by overcapacity, low margins, and intense competition. In
such markets, creating, refining, or even repairing a com-
pany's reputation with its stakeholders is key to success.
To effectively compete, managers must remember that
the power o f a brand lies in what customers have
learned, felt, seen, heard, and so forth about the
brand as a result o f their experiences over time. In
other words, the power of a brand is in what resides
in the minds of customers. (Hoeffier and Keller
2002:79)
Brown and Dacin (1997:69) labeled "all the information
about a company that a person holds" one's corporate as-
sociations. The corporate associations held by an individ-
ual "serve as the 'reality' o f the organization for that
individual" (Brown, Dacin, Pratt, and Whetten 2006:105).
Corporate associations play an important role in corpo-
rate outcomes, including reputation; corporate, product,
and brand evaluations; purchase intent; and customer
identification with a company (e.g., Brown and Dacin
1997; G u rh an -Can l i and B a t r a 2004; Li ch t enstein,
Drumwright, and Braig 2004; Mohr and Webb 2005). The
challenge is creating and managing corporate as ...
What is impression formation? How does it contribute to sociability or social...
Impression formation is practically a part of our everyday life through which we endeavor to depict ourselves as worthy of other people's attention. This term paper explains in full detail what impression formation means and how this psychological process contributes to someone's sociability or social perception accuracy. The paper maintains that with the aid of several factors such as information from various sources and the emotional congeniality, we can form an impression of others – whether good or bad. There are some decisive issues such as social status, customs, gender, age, profession, personal attractiveness and attributes which determine the course of one's impression formation process and why those trying to impress should be attentive to some invisible but yet compelling forces that can either ruin or build up their impression before others. Quoting different authors in the field of psychology, the paper also highlights existing scholarly studies into impression formation which are necessary to understand the justified circumstances through which impression formation takes place. The two major theories of impression formation - Asch's theory of impression formation and the information integration theory are applied to explain the sharply contrasting scholarly views held about impression formation but one noteworthy concern is that they both offer accurate explanations of how both the externalities and internalities affect our impression before others. Furthermore, the paper explores the different ways through which impression formation contributes towards the sociability of someone or a group. Like the common saying ‘what you sow is what you reap', impression formation is a daunting task in which you have to portray the best version of you in order to yield the much-desired social perception accuracy. Also included are the practical recommendations for a positive impression formation which can prepare you appropriately for that critical moment when you all you have to do is putting up the most phenomenal impression to the job interview panel, product marketing or political debate. What needs to be acknowledged is that the kind of impression we create has the power to make us either socially acceptable or not and therefore, a well- planned impression formation will always contribute to a positive sociability while an unconvincing impression formation will definitely lead to a devastating sociability and its painstaking after effects.
What Happens To The Human Body As We AgeBy ChloeLife Sp.docx
What Happens To The Human Body As We Age
By: Chloe
Life Span
Aging- “The time-related deterioration of the physiological functions necessary for survival and fertility” (Gilbert, 2000).
The life span of a human is said to be 121 years but rarely do we live that long.
The only species expected to live longer than humans is tortoises and lake trout which can live up to 150 years
Scott F Gilbert is the author of Developmental biology, 6th edition. In this article he talks about the maximum life span and life expectancy of certain species. He talks about how no matter what species the life expectancy depends on populations on the species. In this world today the life span of a human is different depending where you live. Someone in the United States is expected to live longer than someone who lives in Afghanistan.
2
Survival rates
Survival curves for U.S. females in 1900, 1960, and 1980. M50 represents the age at which 50% of the individuals of each population survived. (After Arking 1998.)
In this figure Scott Gilbert shows the aging curve in females from the 1900s to the 1980s. It shoes how in the 1900s females where living an average of 58 years and in the 1980s females were living an average of 81 years.
3
Causes of Aging
Oxidative damage- metabolism
General wear-and-tear and genetic instability- small traumas to the body over time
Mitochondrial genome damage- energy production
Telomere shortening- Telomeres are found at the end of human chromosomes
Genetic aging programs- aging rapidly
Scott Gilbert describes five ways what causes humans to age. He states there are many different theories how we age and there is no clear agreement what exactly causes humans to age.
4
Genetic Aging Syndrome
Out of the five Genetic aging has no cure. This is a rare form that causes kids to age at a very high speed making there life span very short.
White, A. (2014, January 12). Sam Berns, The Brave Teenager Who Was The Face Of Progeria - And The Patriots' Honorary Captain - Has Died. Retrieved from https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/alanwhite/sam-berns-the-brave-teenager-who-was-the-face-of-progeria-ha
This is a picture of a boy named Sam and his family. He suffers from genetic aging syndrome and was only 17 years old when he sadly passed away.
5
Digital Marketing- C10DM - Dr. Ross Curran
Coursework - Social Media Campaign and Content Planning- iVac
Advaita Vinod
H00284485
Word Count: 2,196
Page � of �1 16
The iVac is a revolutionary vacuum cleaner released by Apple. It is designed to change the manner
in which audience vacuum and revolutionise entire home cleaning sector.
1. Adoption Theory
The adoption theory analyses the fact that there might be multiple factors which influences the
decision of a customer. (Straub, 2009) .These factors might incorporate the awareness and
knowledge of the consumer, their acceptance of the innovation and experience in buying such a
product. This report will analyse the cl ...
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Sexual Priming, Physical Attractiveness, and the Media: An Analysis
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Abstract
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Read over the following paper, which is an actual paper turned in by a former student taking
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Review the studies in this paper, and spot the hypotheses, independent and dependent variables, participants, results, and implications, and write it up in one paragraph (no more than 200 words maximum). Make sure to include keywords as well (keywords are words or short phrases that researchers use when searching through online databases like PsycInfo – they need to be descriptive of the paper, so come up with three or four that seem to suit this paper). Good luck!
Keywords: Methods II Paper, Abstract Assignment, Methods II Preview
Sexual Priming, Physical Attractiveness, and the Media: An Analysis
Imagine watching the news and seeing a picture of a man with a ski mask and knife in hand. What words that come to mind with regard to this mental image? Might the man to be a murderer? Do words like “scary,” “frightening,” and “dangerous” arise unbidden? Media outlets like the news, movies, and T.V. shows off paint the image of a serial killer as one with a ski mask and knife. People have been primed to make these associations to then respond accordingly, perhaps in fear, shock, or caution. Priming is when a stimulus, in the form of a cue, triggers a reaction in our cognition and releases as set of subsequent behavior (White, Danek, Herring, Taylor, & Crites, 2018). According to Alhabash, McAlister, Wonkyung, Lou, Cunningham, Quilliam, and Richards (2017), priming makes it so that, after a participant is exposed to a cue, they respond to the following stimulus with the information related to and triggered by the cue to then make decisions. Now, if the cues were sexually-implicit, would it provoke a pattern of similarly sexual thoughts and concepts? What, then, are the effects of sexually-primed advertisements on an individual’s judgment of character?
Alhabash et al. (2017) reported that there are about a billion people who use social networking sites like Facebook daily. As a result, marketers, particularly those in the alcohol business, are making the switch and investing more of their resources into advertising on social media, where it is both cost-effective and less-restrictive. The authors found that alcoholic ads promoted drinking behavior in those who were already predisposed to drinking at a moderate to high level. In this case, exposure to the ads served as catalysts t ...
Running head SEXUALITY, MEDIA, AND ATTRACTION 1 SEXUALITY,.docx
Running head: SEXUALITY, MEDIA, AND ATTRACTION 1
SEXUALITY, MEDIA, AND ATTRACTION 2
SEXUALITY, MEDIA, AND ATTRACTION 23
Sexual Priming, Physical Attractiveness, and the Media: An Analysis
A Prior Student
Florida International University
Abstract
Methods One Students: Typically, authors add their abstract for the paper here on the second page. As you can see, the abstract for this paper is missing. Your job is to supply that abstract!
Read over the following paper, which is an actual paper turned in by a former student taking
Research Methods and Design II at FIU. This is similar to a paper you will write next semester.
Review the studies in this paper, and spot the hypotheses, independent and dependent variables, participants, results, and implications, and write it up in one paragraph (no more than 200 words maximum). Make sure to include keywords as well (keywords are words or short phrases that researchers use when searching through online databases like PsycInfo – they need to be descriptive of the paper, so come up with three or four that seem to suit this paper). Good luck!
Keywords: Methods II Paper, Abstract Assignment, Methods II Preview
Sexual Priming, Physical Attractiveness, and the Media: An Analysis
Imagine watching the news and seeing a picture of a man with a ski mask and knife in hand. What words that come to mind with regard to this mental image? Might the man to be a murderer? Do words like “scary,” “frightening,” and “dangerous” arise unbidden? Media outlets like the news, movies, and T.V. shows off paint the image of a serial killer as one with a ski mask and knife. People have been primed to make these associations to then respond accordingly, perhaps in fear, shock, or caution. Priming is when a stimulus, in the form of a cue, triggers a reaction in our cognition and releases as set of subsequent behavior (White, Danek, Herring, Taylor, & Crites, 2018). According to Alhabash, McAlister, Wonkyung, Lou, Cunningham, Quilliam, and Richards (2017), priming makes it so that, after a participant is exposed to a cue, they respond to the following stimulus with the information related to and triggered by the cue to then make decisions. Now, if the cues were sexually-implicit, would it provoke a pattern of similarly sexual thoughts and concepts? What, then, are the effects of sexually-primed advertisements on an individual’s judgment of character?
Alhabash et al. (2017) reported that there are about a billion people who use social networking sites like Facebook daily. As a result, marketers, particularly those in the alcohol business, are making the switch and investing more of their resources into advertising on social media, where it is both cost-effective and less-restrictive. The authors found that alcoholic ads promoted drinking behavior in those who were already predisposed to drinking at a moderate to high level. In this case, exposure to the ads served as catalysts t.
A STUDY ON BRAND PERCEPTION IN ELECTRONICS INDUSTRY
The study titled, “A Study On Brand Perception In Electronics Industry” focuses on the level of awareness and perception customers have about for a brand. For the purpose of the study, an electronics company „s customers were surveyed for a period of two months. The tools used for analysis are frequencies test, mean analysis, independent sample T – Test and ANOVA. At the end of the study, it was found that factors such as quality, warranty, brand image influenced customer‟s perception of the brand. Some findings about the customer demographics were also found
Deconstruction of Literature MatrixSource 1S.docx
Deconstruction of Literature Matrix
Source 1
Source 2
Source 3
APA Reference
LaMontagne, L. (2015). MarketingSherpa consumer purchase preference survey: Demographics of customer reasons to follow brands’ social accounts. Retrieved from https://www.marketingsherpa.com/article/chart/demographics-why-customer-follow-brands-social-media
Laroche, M., Habibi, M. R., & Richard, M. O. (2013). To be or not to be in social media: How brand loyalty is affected by social media? International Journal of Information Management, 33(1). 76–82. doi:10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2012.07.003
M. Onur Gulbahar, M. O. &.Fazli, Y. (2015). Marketing efforts related to Social Media channels and mobile application usage in Tourism: a Case study in Istanbul. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 195(3). 453-462. doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.06.489
Purpose & Significance (Theme)
Discover why people from different ages and locations follow product brands on social media.
The research aimed to understand the effects of Social media, and customer loyalty regarding product brands.
The author’s research exemplified the efforts performed by hotel management in Istanbul to market hotel services on Social media channels, and mobile applications.
Research Question(s):
For which of the following reasons, if any, do you follow, like, and/or connect with a brand's social media account(s)?
Is brand loyalty affected by the social media?
Which social media channel is preferred for marketing efforts in Turkey or which channels are used by companies for CRM based efforts?
Design and Population:
Study Design
Subjects
The population used was diverse. People from the age of 18 to above 65 were used. They were from different genders and occupations.
The research focused on 441 respondents. The research did not identify the specific ages or locations of the subjects used.
The research concentrated on nineteen hotels in Istanbul.
Methodology:
Instrumentation
Procedures
Statistical Analysis
Limitations & Assumptions
Online survey. The research was carried out using different social media platforms. This was to know the number of people using the platforms and to know the effect that the platforms have on them when it comes to following a brand on the social media.
Researchers sent questionnaires through several posts on websites, such as Facebook, MySpace, and Twitter along with distribution lists. The research process and all the procedures took place on the social media. This was to make sure that information is only gathered from the involved parties.
In-depth questions; field survey. For the research to obtain information that could be of help, a field survey was done. This included visiting some hotels within Istanbul and asking questions about the effects of social media on their marketing strategies. Nineteen hotels were interviewed.
Results:
Key Findings:
Hypothesis Supported
The young are the most likely to follow up brands on the social media whereas the elderly rarely follow up.
A03510107
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Business and Management. IJBMI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Business and Management, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
The Rise [and Fall] of Influencer Marketing
Presentation given as part of a panel at AEJMC 2018 Conference in Washington D.C.
Building Corporate Associations Consumer Attributions for C
Building Corporate Associations:
Consumer Attributions for Corporate
Socially Responsible Programs
Pam Scholder Ellen
Georgia State University
Deborah J. Webb
University o f West Georgia
Lois A. Mohr
Georgia State University
Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is often used as a
key criterion in gauging corporate reputation. This re-
search examined the influence of consumers' attributions
on corporate outcomes in response to CSR. Researchers
and managers have considered consumers' beliefs about
CSR initiatives to be simplistic, serving either economic
ends or reflecting sincere social concerns. The results o f
two studies established that consumers'attributions were
more complex than traditionally viewed, mirroring many
of the motives ascribed to companies by managers and re-
searchers. Rather than viewing corporate efforts along a
self- or other-centered continuum, consumers differenti-
ated four types of motives: self-centered motives that are
strategic and egoistic and other-centered motives that are
values driven and stakeholder driven. Consumers re-
sponded most positively to CSR efforts they judged as val-
ues driven and strategic while responding negatively to
efforts perceived as stakeholder driven or egoistic.
Attributions were shown to affect purchase intent as well
as mediate the structure of an often
Keywords: corporate social responsibility; corporate
associations; motives; altruism; cause mar-
keting; corporate reputation; commitment;
congruency
Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science.
Volume 34, No. 2, pages 147-157.
DOI: 10.1177/0092070305284976
Copyright �9 2006 by Academy of Marketing Science.
Aaker (2005) claimed that most industries are hostile or
are becoming hostile, meaning that they are characterized
by overcapacity, low margins, and intense competition. In
such markets, creating, refining, or even repairing a com-
pany's reputation with its stakeholders is key to success.
To effectively compete, managers must remember that
the power o f a brand lies in what customers have
learned, felt, seen, heard, and so forth about the
brand as a result o f their experiences over time. In
other words, the power of a brand is in what resides
in the minds of customers. (Hoeffier and Keller
2002:79)
Brown and Dacin (1997:69) labeled "all the information
about a company that a person holds" one's corporate as-
sociations. The corporate associations held by an individ-
ual "serve as the 'reality' o f the organization for that
individual" (Brown, Dacin, Pratt, and Whetten 2006:105).
Corporate associations play an important role in corpo-
rate outcomes, including reputation; corporate, product,
and brand evaluations; purchase intent; and customer
identification with a company (e.g., Brown and Dacin
1997; G u rh an -Can l i and B a t r a 2004; Li ch t enstein,
Drumwright, and Braig 2004; Mohr and Webb 2005). The
challenge is creating and managing corporate as ...
What is impression formation? How does it contribute to sociability or social...
Impression formation is practically a part of our everyday life through which we endeavor to depict ourselves as worthy of other people's attention. This term paper explains in full detail what impression formation means and how this psychological process contributes to someone's sociability or social perception accuracy. The paper maintains that with the aid of several factors such as information from various sources and the emotional congeniality, we can form an impression of others – whether good or bad. There are some decisive issues such as social status, customs, gender, age, profession, personal attractiveness and attributes which determine the course of one's impression formation process and why those trying to impress should be attentive to some invisible but yet compelling forces that can either ruin or build up their impression before others. Quoting different authors in the field of psychology, the paper also highlights existing scholarly studies into impression formation which are necessary to understand the justified circumstances through which impression formation takes place. The two major theories of impression formation - Asch's theory of impression formation and the information integration theory are applied to explain the sharply contrasting scholarly views held about impression formation but one noteworthy concern is that they both offer accurate explanations of how both the externalities and internalities affect our impression before others. Furthermore, the paper explores the different ways through which impression formation contributes towards the sociability of someone or a group. Like the common saying ‘what you sow is what you reap', impression formation is a daunting task in which you have to portray the best version of you in order to yield the much-desired social perception accuracy. Also included are the practical recommendations for a positive impression formation which can prepare you appropriately for that critical moment when you all you have to do is putting up the most phenomenal impression to the job interview panel, product marketing or political debate. What needs to be acknowledged is that the kind of impression we create has the power to make us either socially acceptable or not and therefore, a well- planned impression formation will always contribute to a positive sociability while an unconvincing impression formation will definitely lead to a devastating sociability and its painstaking after effects.
What Happens To The Human Body As We AgeBy ChloeLife Sp.docx
What Happens To The Human Body As We Age
By: Chloe
Life Span
Aging- “The time-related deterioration of the physiological functions necessary for survival and fertility” (Gilbert, 2000).
The life span of a human is said to be 121 years but rarely do we live that long.
The only species expected to live longer than humans is tortoises and lake trout which can live up to 150 years
Scott F Gilbert is the author of Developmental biology, 6th edition. In this article he talks about the maximum life span and life expectancy of certain species. He talks about how no matter what species the life expectancy depends on populations on the species. In this world today the life span of a human is different depending where you live. Someone in the United States is expected to live longer than someone who lives in Afghanistan.
2
Survival rates
Survival curves for U.S. females in 1900, 1960, and 1980. M50 represents the age at which 50% of the individuals of each population survived. (After Arking 1998.)
In this figure Scott Gilbert shows the aging curve in females from the 1900s to the 1980s. It shoes how in the 1900s females where living an average of 58 years and in the 1980s females were living an average of 81 years.
3
Causes of Aging
Oxidative damage- metabolism
General wear-and-tear and genetic instability- small traumas to the body over time
Mitochondrial genome damage- energy production
Telomere shortening- Telomeres are found at the end of human chromosomes
Genetic aging programs- aging rapidly
Scott Gilbert describes five ways what causes humans to age. He states there are many different theories how we age and there is no clear agreement what exactly causes humans to age.
4
Genetic Aging Syndrome
Out of the five Genetic aging has no cure. This is a rare form that causes kids to age at a very high speed making there life span very short.
White, A. (2014, January 12). Sam Berns, The Brave Teenager Who Was The Face Of Progeria - And The Patriots' Honorary Captain - Has Died. Retrieved from https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/alanwhite/sam-berns-the-brave-teenager-who-was-the-face-of-progeria-ha
This is a picture of a boy named Sam and his family. He suffers from genetic aging syndrome and was only 17 years old when he sadly passed away.
5
Digital Marketing- C10DM - Dr. Ross Curran
Coursework - Social Media Campaign and Content Planning- iVac
Advaita Vinod
H00284485
Word Count: 2,196
Page � of �1 16
The iVac is a revolutionary vacuum cleaner released by Apple. It is designed to change the manner
in which audience vacuum and revolutionise entire home cleaning sector.
1. Adoption Theory
The adoption theory analyses the fact that there might be multiple factors which influences the
decision of a customer. (Straub, 2009) .These factors might incorporate the awareness and
knowledge of the consumer, their acceptance of the innovation and experience in buying such a
product. This report will analyse the cl ...
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A STUDY ON BRAND PERCEPTION IN ELECTRONICS INDUSTRY
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Building Corporate Associations Consumer Attributions for C
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What is impression formation? How does it contribute to sociability or social...
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Fall 2014 Condensed Article
- 1. The Brand Logo: Confidence Booster or Source of Insecurity? Taylor Speer, Harvey Pines & Judith Larkin Submitted to Annual Convention of American Psychological Association August, 2015, Toronto, Canada According to research by Wang and Griskevicius (2014), brand logos can function to boost self- esteem, express identity, and signal status. They observed, for example, that women use luxury products to deter female rivals. However, other research suggests that wearing a brand logo may have negative consequences. Indeed, Abercrombie and Fitch recently decided to eliminate logos on all of their clothing (Linshi, 2014). We believe that the presence of a logo can either be a confidence booster or a source of insecurity depending on the social situation. In previous research (in preparation), we found a “stigma” associated with wearing the same clothing on multiple occasions. In the current study, we hypothesized that when the same people are present, subjects would report less positive feelings when wearing a visible logo because the logo makes the outfit stand out to people who have already seen them wearing that clothing. However, in the presence of different people, the logo would have a positive effect because the benefits of the brand logo are not vitiated by the “wearing the same thing” stigma. Method Participants were 135 undergraduates (M=39, F=96) enrolled in introductory psychology. They imagined themselves in 1 of 4 scenarios where they were either in the presence of the same or different people at an event the week before, and wearing a visible logo or no logo. Subjects rated how they would feel using 35 self-descriptive adjectives. Results An exploratory factor analysis using principal components analysis was run on the 35 adjectives. Factor 1, titled “Positive feelings” which included adjectives such as accomplished, outgoing, self- confident, and happy, accounted for 16% of the total variance. Factor 2, titled “Negative,” included adjectives such as embarrassed, ashamed, self-conscious, and unfashionable and accounted for 19% of the total variance. A 2x2 univariate, between-subjects analysis of variance was performed on each of the factors. The ANOVA on the positive factor revealed a significant main effect for the Same/ Different manipulation and for the Logo/ No Logo manipulation. The interaction was significant as well. Participants reported significantly more positive feelings about themselves when wearing a logo in the presence of different people (M=3.16) than in the presence of the same people (M=2.07). The ANOVA on the negative factor revealed a main effect for the Same/ Different manipulation, for the Logo/ No Logo manipulation, and a significant interaction. Consistent with the findings for Factor 1, participants reported greater negative feelings when wearing a visible logo (M=3.24) than when not wearing a logo (M=2.31) when the same people were present. Discussion This study demonstrates that the psychological consequences of wearing a brand logo are not absolute but are contingent upon a hitherto unstudied element of the social situation: whether the subject wearing the logo is going to be seen by people who have seen them wearing the clothing before versus people who have not seen them wearing the clothing before. Future research will explore the “wearing the same thing” stigma to gain a better understanding of this phenomenon.