Exploring the potential of Virtual Reality to increase self-efficacy in medical students
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A presentation delivered at the Australian and New Zealand Association for Health Professional Educations conference, 2018
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Exploring the potential of Virtual Reality to increase self-efficacy in medical students
- 1. Exploring the potential of Virtual Reality to increase self-efficacy in medical students Steve Gallagher & Tehmina Gladman steve.gallagher@otago.ac.nz Twitter: @stevegallagher tehmina.gladman@otago.ac.nz Twitter: @tbgladman
- 2. What is it and can it do? Affordances (adapted from Rizzo & Koenig, 2017) ● Ecological relevance ● Systematically controllable ● Real-time feedback including performance feedback ● Cueing ● Performance capture and review ● Pause / repeat / reset ● Safety ● Game mechanics ● Sustainable? VR - immersive AR - virtual overlaid on physical world “.. opportunity to create highly realistic, interactive, and systematically controllable stimulus environments that users could be immersed in, and interact with” (Rizzo & Koenig, 2017) Rizzo, A. “Skip”, & Koenig, S. T. (2017). Is clinical virtual reality ready for primetime? Neuropsychology, 31(8), 877–899
- 3. Self Efficacy an individual’s perception of their own ability to complete a particular task (Bandura, 1977)
- 4. VR is diverse Immersion / presence is thought to be important for experiential learning and transfer Affected by ecological validity ● Realistic appearance? ● Realistic behaviour ● Functional validity Does Self efficacy depend on ecological validity?
- 5. Questions for exploration: What opportunities does VR present for clinical education? What do we know about designing effective experiences in this modality? How might we create VR experiences that support self-efficacy? What measures of performance and ability should we explore in this environment? What are the practical considerations when developing VR experiences for education?
Editor's Notes
- Described by Bandura (1977) as an individual’s perception of their own ability to complete a particular task. Self-efficacy is a social cognitive construct that is influenced by both internal beliefs and attitudes and external contexts. Higher self-efficacy means that a person is more likely to attempt and persist at a task, whereas lower self-efficacy is correlated with lower levels of persistence and less likelihood of attempting a novel task. Previous accomplishments, verbal persuasion by self and others, vicarious experiences of others attempts at a task, and emotional arousal have all been found to have an influence on an individual’s self-efficacy in both the positive and negative direction. Self-efficacy is often seen as a mediator between a person’s knowledge and skills and their willingness to attempt a task. “competent functioning in a particular situation requires the necessary knowledge and skills as well as personal beliefs of efficacy to meet the demands of the specific situation.”p. 93 (Mavis, 2001) Strong evidence for the relationship between high-fidelity simulation and improved self-efficacy. Does VR simulation have same relationship?
- Vincent, D. S., Sherstyuk, A. , Burgess, L. and Connolly, K. K. (2008), Teaching Mass Casualty Triage Skills Using Immersive Three‐dimensional Virtual Reality. Academic Emergency Medicine, 15: 1160-1165. doi:10.1111/j.1553-2712.2008.00191.x