SlideShare a Scribd company logo
1 of 123
Experiment 4 - Testing of Materials in Tension
Object: The object of this experiment is to measure the tensile
properties of two polymeric
materials, steel and aluminum at a constant strain rate on the
Tension testing machine.
Background: For structural applications of materials such as
bridges, pressure vessels, ships,
and automobiles, the tensile properties of the metal material set
the criteria for a safe design.
Polymeric materials are being used more and more in structural
applications, particularly in
automobiles and pressure vessels. New applications emerge as
designers become aware of
the differences in the properties of metals and polymers and
take full advantage of them. The
analyses of structures using metals or plastics require that the
data be available.
Stress-Strain: The tensile properties of a material are obtained
by pulling a specimen of
known geometry apart at a fixed rate of straining until it breaks
or stretches to the machines
limit. It is useful to define the load per unit area (stress) as a
parameter rather than load to
avoid the confusion that would arise from the fact that the load
and the change in length are
dependent on the cross-sectional area and original length of the
specimen. The stress,
however, changes during the test for two reasons: the load
increases and the cross-sectional
area decreases as the specimen gets longer.
Therefore, the stress can be calculated by two formulae which
are distinguished as
engineering stress and true stress, respectively.
2 or psi)
P = load (lbs)
Ao= original cross-sectional area (in
2)
Ai = instantaneous cross-sectional area (in
2)
Likewise, the elongation is normalized per unit length of
specimen and is called strain. The
strain may be based on the original length or the instantaneous
length such that
-
lf= final gage length (in)
lo= original gage length (in)
li = instantaneous gage length (in)
ln = natural logarithm
For a small elongation the engineering strain is very close to the
true strain when l=1.2 lo,
related to the true stress by
The true stress would be 20% higher in the case above where
the specimen is 20% longer
than the original length. As the relative elongation increases,
the true strain will become
significantly less than the engineering strain while the true
stress becomes much greater than
strain =ln 4.0 = 1.39.
Therefore, the true strain is less than 1/2 of the engineering
Tensile Test Nomenclature: The tensile test data are
characterized by terminology shown in
Figure 4-1.
The material test curves have a region where the deformation
caused by the stress is elastic,
or not permanent. This means when the stress is removed the
specimen returns to its original
length. At stresses greater than a certain value, a portion of the
strain becomes permanent or
plastic. The stress required to cause a 0.2% plastic strain, or
off-set, is called the yield stress.
Ductility is measured as % elongation, representing the ability
to deform in the plastic range
(6)
100%
0
0
l
ll
elongation
f
Equipment
United Tensile Testing Machine: floor-mounted (20,000 lb.
capacity)
Calipers, Ruler
Procedure
You will receive 4 specimens (high density polyethylene, low
density polyethylene, steel and
aluminum.
Using calipers measure (in the reduced area):
1) the thickness of the specimen to +.002 inches.
2) the width of the specimen to + 0.02 inch.
Make sure to record the specific metal alloy, original specimen
width, thickness, gage length;
and after fracture load and percent elongation (total strain).
Place the specimen as instructed and tighten the clamps
securely. The original crosshead
distance (gage length) will be measured with a ruler after the
sample has been placed firmly
in the grips. The gage length is the distance from the top of the
lower clamp to the bottom of
the upper one. Measure the gage length to + 0.1 inch.
MSE 227 LAB – Tensile Machine Operation
Click on DATUM shortcut on the Desktop (wait for program to
finish loading)
Click on Template for:
- testing rate will be 0.2
inch/minute
- testing rate will be 2.0
inch/minute
Click on SAMPLE INFORMATION tab:
Enter
(Make sure to ENTER the information, so that it calculates the
Area correctly)
The CONTROL SEGMENT tab shows the testing rate for the
given set up.
Tighten the grips on the sample; you can see the force you are
applying on the computer screen.
You want to be sure the grips are secure (hopefully with no
more than 5lb force preload).
Click on TEST when ready to begin testing.
Make sure to record test number, so you can find your data.
Click on REPORT to Export your file.
To retrieve data go to:
Glossary of Terms
Understanding the following terms will help in understanding
this experiment:
Ductility - The ability of a material to be permanently deformed
without breaking when a force is
applied.
Elastic deformation - Deformation of the material that is
recovered when the applied load is
removed. This temporary deformation is associated with the
stretching of atomic bonds.
% Elongation - The total percent increase in the length of a
specimen during a tensile test.
Engineering strain - Increase in sample length at a given load
divided by the original (stress-free)
length.
Engineering stress - The applied load, or force, divided by the
original cross-sectional area of the
material.
Engineering stress-strain curve - A plot of the Engineering
stress versus the Engineering strain.
Hooke's law - the linear relationship between stress and strain
in the elastic portion of the stress-
strain curve.
Modulus of elasticity - Young's modulus, or the slope of the
stress-strain curve in the elastic region.
Necking - Local deformation of a tensile specimen. Necking
begins at the tensile point.
Offset yield strength - yield strength obtained graphically that
describes the stress that gives no more
than a specified amount of plastic deformation.
Plastic deformation - Permanent deformation of the material
when a load is applied, then removed.
% Reduction in area - The total percent decrease in the cross-
sectional area of a specimen during the
tensile test.
Tensile strength - The maximum engineering stress experienced
by a material during a tensile test
(ultimate tensile strength).
Tensile test - Measures the response of a material to a slowly
applied uniaxial force. The yield
strength, tensile strength, modulus of elasticity, and ductility
are obtained.
True strain - The actual strain produced when a load is applied
to a material.
True stress - The load divided by the actual area at that load in
a tensile test.
Yield strength - The stress applied to a material that just causes
permanent plastic deformation.
Write Up
Prepare a memo report on the results of the tests. The report
should contain 4 Figures
(graphs) that contain an overlay of engineering and true stress-
strain curves from the
tensile tests for each material. All graphs should be graphed
using Excel. Label engineering
curves to show Young's Modulus, Yield Stress, Ultimate Tensile
Strength, and Total
Strain (also label values; for example, Young’s modulus =
41000 psi). Discuss these values
in your report and compare them with published values for the
same alloys. Discuss your
4 graphs, the errors involved in this experiment and their
sources.
References
McClinock, Mechanical Behavior of Materials
Dieter, Mechanical Metallurgy
Nielsen, Mechanical Properties of Polymers
MSE 227L Name ________________________
Testing of Materials in Tension
Poor Fair Average Good Excellent
Memorandum Format Used 1 2 3 4 5
Spelling, grammar & punctuation correct 1 2 3 4 5
Report includes: Poor Fair Average Good Excellent
Compare graphs for engineering stress-
engineering strain, and true stress-true strain
using data from tensile tests for each material
(4 graphs total; 2 curves overlaid per graph).
4 8 12 16 20
Label Engineering Curves only
Young's Modulus labeled neatly using Excel
(Include values on graph). Show calculations.
1 2 3 4 5
Yield Stress labeled neatly using Excel
(Include values on graph).
1 2 3 4 5
Total Strain labeled neatly using Excel
(Include values on graph).
1 2 3 4 5
Ultimate Tensile Strength labeled neatly
using Excel (Include values on graph).
1 2 3 4 5
elongation compared to published values.
Include table with compared values and
measured data.
2 4 6 8 10
Discussion of errors in this experiment and
their sources.
1 2 3 4 5
Poor Fair Average Good Excellent
Overall level of effort apparent 1 2 3 4 5
Quality of graphs 1 2 3 4 5
Quality of Abstract 1 2 3 4 5
Quality of work description 1 2 3 4 5
Quality of conclusions 1 2 3 4 5
Laboratory Experiment No. 4
Testing of Materials in Tension Aldousari 1
Abstract
Engineers are eager to design safe structural applications. In
order to achieve that goal, they need to know the tensile
properties for the material used. In this experiment, we have
studied the tensile properties of four samples of materials. We
have given steel, aluminum and two polymeric materials (the
high-density polyethylene and low-density polyethylene. The
samples have been tested on the Tension testing machine with a
constant strain rate. Before doing the test, the length, width and
thickness were measured. The machine provides all the data
needed on a screen. From the stress-strain graph we were able
to see the result of the yield strength, ultimate tensile strength,
total strain and the extension for each material.
Introduction
The Tension Testing Machine helps us as engineering to choose
the best material for a certain application. The term tensile
strength refers to the amount of tensile (stretching) stress a
material can withstand before breaking or failing. Some
structure projects need a certain tensile properties in order to be
safe. We are able to predict the reaction of the material by
running it on the tension-testing machine. However, Structural
engineering depends on the knowledge of materials and their
properties, in order to understand how different materials
support and resist loads. Basically, The machine we were using
was pulling the specimen from the top by a fixed rate of
straining and fixed the lower part. It keeps pulling the specimen
to the top until it breaks. In some cases, the material does not
break but it stretch due to its low tensile strength. Therefore. It
can be calculated both the stress and the strain. Moreover, The
true and engineering stress or strain can be both calculated. To
calculate the engineering stress,
(lbs/in2 or psi). The load p in lbs. is divided by the original
cross-sectional area in in2.
For the true stress, we divide the load p by the instantaneous
cross-sectional area. For the engineering strain, It can be
calculated by taking the change in the gage length and dividing
it by the original gage length. The true strain is calculated by
taking the natural logarithm of one plus the engineering strain).
We can calculate the elongation percentage by Then, by using
excel we can get the graphs and measure the, Young’s Modulus,
yield strength, elongation percentage, ultimate tensile strength,
and total strain.
Procedure
· The first step was measuring the width and thickness of all the
materials by using the digital calipers with a +.002 inches.
· Place one sample at a time and make sure it is tight between
the clamps of the tension-testing machine.
· Measure the gage length before and after the test with a +1
inch by a ruler.
· Start the test and the result will appear on the computer
screen.
· Transfer the data into an excel file and save it on a hard disc.
· Covert the force into a stress by dividing the force by the area.
· Graph the stress-strain curves
· Measure Young’s Modulus by using the equation m =
· Repeat the test four times.
Discussion of Results
The results have been concluded in four Tables that show the
different between the measured values and the published values.
There are also a four graphs that represent the stress- strain
curves both the true and engineering curve. The units of
engineering stress are KSI, which stands for a thousand pounds
per square inch and one thousand PSI. First, the steel has to be
strong material in some instance. In general, brittle material by
nature will show effectively no plastic deformation prior to
rupture and their elongation and reduction of area values will be
small value. We can notice from Table 1 that the steel has
almost the same values as the published except the total strain.
The Young’s Modulus is equal to m= .The total strain was not
close as the other because of some initial measurement errors.
The Figure 2 shows that there is a plastic and elastic region for
the steel.
Table 1: Measured Values versus Published Values
Steel
Measured Values
Published Values
Ultimate Tensile Strength (PSI)
66985
63800
Yield Strength (PSI)
55161
53700
Young’s Modulus (PSI)
2325821.23
29700000
Total Strain
0.2286
0.15
Figure 1: Steel Stress-Strain graph
For the Aluminum, the graph shows that it has the higher
ultimate tensile strength and the higher yield strength among the
other samples. From Figure 2, it takes more time to transfer
from the elastic region to the plastic region. The engineering
and true curves increase uniformly till they reach the yield
point. They keep the same stress on the plastic region. The
Young’s Modulus value is inaccurate due to the error when
taking the slope of the curve. The Young’s Modulus is equal to
m=
Table 2: Measured Values versus Published Values
Aluminum
Measured Values
Published Values
Ultimate Tensile Strength (PSI)
82891
68000
Yield Strength (PSI)
74273
47000
Young’s Modulus (PSI)
2487432
10600000
Total Strain
0.16894
0.19
Figure 2: Aluminum Stress-Strain Graph
The High Density Polyethylene results for this test shows that
this material has very low properties compared to others. The
true stress and engineering stress increased at same proportion
for the same strain. They both decreased again, but after that,
the engineering curve had the same stress value but the true had
not. The measured values are close enough to the published
values. Again, the Young’s Modulus value is off the published
value due to the same reason mentioned before. The Young’s
Modulus is equal to m= this material did not break or fail when
it was tested. The opposite, it stretched until we stopped the
machine manually. The reason behind that is the yield strength
value not high.
Table 3: Measured Values versus Published Values
High Density Polyethylene
Measured Values
Published Values
Ultimate Tensile Strength (PSI)
45981
4423
Yield Strength (PSI)
4301
4279
Young’s Modulus (PSI)
39456.256
87022 to 203000
Total Strain
0.9182
1.3
Figure 3: High Density Polyethylene Stress-Strain Graph
The Low Density Polyethylene values are very small compared
to the other materials. The true and engineering curves
increased uniformly for a very short period of time. Then the
true curve kept increasing where the engineering curve was on
the same stress value. Also, the measured values are not close to
the published values except the total strain. The Young’s
Modulus is equal to m=. This material has the ability to stretch
for a long distance. The percentage elongation is high.
Table 4: Measured Values versus Published Values
Low Density Polyethylene
Measured Values
Published Values
Ultimate Tensile Strength (PSI)
7.015
1310 to 2600
Yield Strength (PSI)
4.974
1100 to 1740
Young’s Modulus (PSI)
42100
Total Strain
6.90012
2.2 to 6.5
Figure 4: Low Density Polyethylene Stress-Strain Graph
Conclusion
The values of the width and thickness for the metals are smaller
then the polymers where the percentage elongation of the
polymers is higher then the metals. The high-density polymer
does not fail at high strain. It is obvious that our measurement
method produces data consistently much lower than the
published values. The published values maybe using pure
elements where the samples that we were given are not that
pure. Moreover, the published sample used different
measurement and that might affect the values. Despite, the
inaccurate values tested for tension test property, the stress-
strain curves from which they were generated still conform to
the expected profile and mechanics of metals.
References
Work Cited
· Lab Manual
· W.F. Hosford, Overview of Tensile Testing, Tensile Testing,
P. Han, Ed., ASM International, 1992, p 1–24
· Johnson, Mark. "2024 Alloy." 2024 Alloy. California Metal
and Supply, 10 May 2013. Web. 22 Sept. 2015.
Aluminum Stress Vs Strain Diagram
0.0 0.0 0.000882352948846186 0.00136029413517784
0.00200735295520109 0.00292647054747624
0.00383088228237979 0.00465441166478045
0.0053897056290332 0.00602205886560328
0.00657352947575204 0.00711029395461082
0.00766176456475959 0.00811029389938887
0.00847794115543365 0.00883823534583344
0.00920588260187822 0.0095661762444412
0.00993382404832279 0.0103823533829521
0.01075000009116 0.011110293733723
0.0114779415376046 0.0119264708722339
0.0123823532725082 0.0128382356727824
0.0132941180730567 0.013750000473331
0.0142058828736053 0.0146544122082346
0.0151176465784802 0.0155661770087831
0.0160220583133838 0.0165735294713693
0.0170147057403536 0.0174779412062729
0.0178455879144809 0.0182941172491102
0.0187499996493844 0.0191985289840137
0.0195588237222503 0.0199191184604869
0.0202941171386663 0.0206544118769029
0.0210147066151395 0.0212867645656361
0.021742648061584 0.0220073518507621
0.0222867639625774 0.0225661760743927
0.0229264708126292 0.0231985287631259
0.0234632347436512 0.0237426468554665
0.0240073528359918 0.0242867649478071
0.0245514709283324 0.0248308786574532
0.025095589020673 0.0253676469711696
0.0256470590829849 0.0259191170334816
0.0261838230140069 0.026374996146735
0.0266470584799262 0.0269191186217701
0.0271911765722667 0.0274632345227634
0.027639705906896 0.0278308834223186
0.028007352615104 0.028191175969208
0.028374999323312 0.0285514707074446
0.0287352940615486 0.0289191174156525
0.0290955844170907 0.0292794077711947
0.0294632355079931 0.0296397068921257
0.0298235302462297 0.0300073492176392
0.0301911725717432 0.0304632349049344
0.0306397019063725 0.030823529643171
0.0310000010273036 0.0311838243814076
0.0313602935741929 0.0315441169282969
0.0317279402824009 0.0319117636365049
0.0320882350206375 0.032272058 3747415
0.0324558817288455 0.0326323531129781
0.0329044110634748 0.0330955863875501
0.0332794119330013 0.033455883317134
0.0336397066712379 0.0338161758640233
0.0339926472481559 0.0341764706022599
0.0343529419863925 0.034536760957802
0.034720584311906 0.0349044098573572
0.0350882354028085 0.0353602933533051
0.0355441167074091 0.0357205880915417
0.0359044114456457 0.0360808784470839
0.0362647039925351 0.0364558815079577
0.0366323528920903 0.0368088220848757
0.0369926454389796 0.0371764687930836
0.0373602921471876 0.0375367657226675
0.0377205890767714 0.0379926448359209
0.0381764681900249 0.0383602915441289
0.0385367651196087 0.0387205884737127
0.0389044118278167 0.0390882351819207
0.039264704374706 0.03944852772881
0.0396249969215954 0.0398088246583939
0.0399926480124978 0.0401691172052832
0.0404411773471271 0.0406250007012311
0.0408088240553351 0.0409852932481205
0.0411764707635431 0.041360294117647
0.041544117471751 0.0417132325032178
0.0419044100186404 0.0420808792114258
0.0421691159991657 0.0423602935145883
0.0424411761410096 0.0426323536564322
0.0427132362828535 0.0429852920420029
0.0430808829910615 0.0432573521838469
0.0434411755379508 0.0436249988920548
0.0437132356797947 0.0438970590338987
0.0440735282266841 0.0442647057421067
0.0444485290962107 0.0446249982889961
0.0447205892380546 0.0448897042695214
0.045080881784944 0.045264705139048
0.0454485284931519 0.0456249976859373
0.0458014712614172 0.0459926443941453
0.0461617638083065 0.0463455871624105
0.046448527890 0932 0.0465367646778331
0.0468088204369825 0.0468970572247225
0.0469852940124624 0.0470808805788264
0.0471691173665664 0.0472573497716118
0.0474411731257158 0.0476250008625143
0.0478088242166182 0.0478970566216637
0.0481691167635076 0.0482573535512475
0.0483529401176116 0.048529409310397
0.0486250002594555 0.048713232664501
0.0488088236135595 0.0489852928063449
0.0490735295940848 0.0492647027268129
0.0493455853532342 0.0494411763022928
0.0495294087073382 0.0496249996563967
0.0498014688491821 0.0498970554155462
0.0499852922032861 0.0501617613960715
0.0503455891328699 0.0504338215379154
0.0506102907307008 0.0507058816797593
0.0508014682461234 0.0508897050338633
0.0509852916002273 0.0510808825492859
0.0512647059033899 0.0513529383084353
0.0515367616625393 0.0516176442889606
0.0518014676430646 0.0519779412185444
0.0520735277849085 0.0521617645726484
0.0522499969776939 0.0523455879267524
0.0524338203317979 0.0526176436859019
0.0527941172613817 0.0530735271818497
0.0531617639695897 0.0532500007573296
0.0534338241114336 0.053522056516479
0.053610293304219 0.053705879870583
0.053889703224687 0.0539926439523697
0.0540808807401096 0.054257349932895
0.054441173286999 0.0545294100747389
0.0547058792675243 0.0548970567829469
0.0549852935706868 0.0550735259757322
0.0552573537125307 0.0553529402788948
0.0554411770666347 0.0556176462594201
0.055801469613524 0.0559779388063094
0.0561617621604134 0.0563455855145174
0.0565294088686214 0.0567132322227254
0.0568897057982052 0.05707 35291523092
0.0572573525064132 0.0574338216991985
0.0576176450533025 0.0578014684074065
0.0580735285492504 0.0582499977420358
0.0584338210961398 0.0585294120451983
0.0587132353993023 0.0588897045920877
0.0589852911584517 0.0591617647339316
0.0594411746543996 0.0596249980085036
0.059801467201289 0.059985290555393
0.0601617641308728 0.0603455874849768
0.0605294108390808 0.0607058800318662
0.0608970575472888 0.0610735267400741
0.061250000315554 0.0614264695083394
0.061617647023762 0.0618897027829114
0.0620661763583912 0.0622499997124952
0.0625294096329633 0.0627941156134886
0.0631617623216966 0.0634338224635405
0.0637058826053844 0.0640588209909551
0.0645220586482216 0.0649779377614751
0.0656102904502083 0.0662499973002602
0.0670661733430974 0.0679705861736746
0.0686102930237265 0.0695147058543037
0.0704191143021864 0.0710588211522383
0.0719705881441341 0.0728749965920168
0.0737867635839126 0.0746911764144897
0.0756029434063855 0.0765147016328924
0.0774264686247882 0.0784264680217294
0.0793308808523066 0.0802426478442024
0.0811544060707092 0.0820588189012864
0.0829705858931822 0.083882352885078
0.0847941198769738 0.0857058781034806
0.0866102909340578 0.087514703764635
0.0884264707565307 0.0893308835871079
0.0902426418136148 0.091242641210556
0.0921396998798146 0.0930514668717104
0.0939632338636062 0.0949632332605474
0.0958750002524432 0.09678675847895
0.0976911713095272 0.0986838253105388
0.0995955835370456 0.100507350528941
0.101411763359519 0.102316176190096 0.10322
7934416603 0.104139701408498 0.105036760077757
0.105955881230971 0.106860294061549
0.107779406449374 0.108764706289067
0.109676464515574 0.110580877346151
0.111485290176728 0.112411765491261
0.11330882416052 0.114227936548345
0.115124995217604 0.116044116370818
0.116955883362714 0.117852942031973
0.118772054419798 0.119676467250375
0.120580880080952 0.121492647072848
0.122404405299355 0.123316172291251
0.124213230960509 0.125124997952405
0.126022056621664 0.126926469452241
0.127838236444137 0.128742640509325
0.129654407501221 0.130551466170479
0.131558819728739 0.132470586720635
0.133374999551212 0.134279412381789
0.135191170608296 0.136102937600192
0.136198524166556 0.137102936997133
0.138014703989029 0.13891911681960 6
0.139830875046113 0.140742642038009
0.141647054868586 0.142573530183119
0.143463234691059 0.144463234088
0.145463233484941 0.146389700034085
0.147279413307414 0.148191171533921
0.149102929760428 0.150007342591005
0.15091911834829 0.151823531178867
0.152477937586167 0.153102944878971
0.153735297567704 0.154279400320614
0.154735288199256 0.155191176077899
0.155735296361587 0.156095588908476
0.156463226851295 0.156735286993139
0.157007347134983 0.157279407276827
0.157551467418671 0.157735295155469
0.157735295155469 0.144672933456416
0.151576404758952 0.246124086783092
0.43371864944305 0.626715944360336
0.824515622925221 1.023816149635765
1.227618846724595 1.44312752344979
1.648731250782032 1.8483318349041
2.05813761285999 2.294356547635007
2.505063058913505 2.694758444270163
2.898561328388337 3.113469516231793
3.330478916416416 3.559794847462258
3.817324529168837 4.025329588596888
4.21142303815295 4.406521576582961
4.631035092809646 4.843842068311935
5.057850021577701 5.260451678559937
5.467856747851168 5.676762041856907
5.875161772901727 6.09277166196809
6.30167695597383 6.510582249979572
6.783719904534636 6.996227134340974
7.226743544405374 7.414637712489275
7.650557026254571 7.897581394372689
8.131099251355948 8.32349658730797
8.52549775540847 8.74460836793426
8.97722599033983 9.19603635842475
9.390233664787235 9.689485603269085
9.879480484949235 10.08778628756307 10.28
588577416702 10.572230194161 10.79614272276103
11.01375211308247 11.25417409597097
11.47748613568926 11.72991390625319
11.94542258297839 12.19304743997824
12.44337349945609 12.70450436884589
12.97854275672356 13.23427122115738
13.48609850283957 13.67909682641826
13.95823737481103 14.23017504909246
14.51081582219975 14.79325806195226
14.97725104728453 15.17745124748473
15.36924759581009 15.56494712186676
15.77175070478642 15.96714998640222
16.17035163352128 16.36424969293273
16.56475113506363 16.78596246118568
16.99156706132153 17.20827571832036
17.4219819309105 17.65099961249515
17.86350684230149 18.19037029695512
18.41788575884557 18.64059730968213
18.85580574196646 19.09112556433985
19.30783422133869 19.54675498202284 19.771
26799950461 20.00658582689833 20.23590275543401
20.48712855074462 20.72184788423628
20.95596473386652 21.32365145758003
21.58328010727564 21.83900857170947
22.08423546314171 22.34926851277298
22.60199453279811 22.8460184514872
23.10084718008825 23.35417368899512
23.62160869415333 23.90555215611019
24.17688934150987 24.44822453192989
24.84592572483198 25.12446678183285
25.39520148337112 25.68604956997814
25.95468555289984 26.23472483963555
26.52977634841474 26.79270868444976
27.07965259583563 27.37019744553227
27.67545327534167 27.96569887808727
28.26494981907928 28.55729813040081
29.00032127152663 29.3031731508294
29.61112818813712 29.92058345015934
30.24054627012216 30.54399863830668
30.85945679416662 31.15510679684787
31.47446912792895 31.7914275085034
32.1182929581367 32.43495209176012
32.76271727722621 33.23995830971277
33.55301650502544 33.89188774233417
34.22385236001307 34.57052795780474
34.88688784447713 35.22215614849543
35.5181073931074 35.89029479096443
36.21145459873139 36.40325194454659
36.71901333731691 36.90300632264918
37.21395981440624 37.40155573302894
37.8760975580172 38.08650008426795
38.43527839063553 38.78855737114666
39.1208212357766 39.31292181850218
39.64758763865907 39.97264962666748
40.34484101448387 40.70652284938
41.05379694107372 41.24229459050887
41.59466785024821 41.95634968514432
42.28831829278257 42.67101125360054
43.03839873036301 43.40848341964413
43.77646939030868 44.1123401781884
44.45541284268962 44.65351432427325
44.83660158883374 45.36487220639006
45.58488255474862 45.76947403398297
45.95376626626627 46.14166143184
46.32475268635982 46.68703700511736
47.04361568200854 47.41010142795857
47.59409042333149 48.16648600130743
48.35857860411432 48.5524746685461
48.91505823425467 49.10085069125248
49.28934834068762 49.48414613593185
49.83802361034504 50.02411930425323
50.41942053660804 50.6103161516108
50.8087128901861 50.99330835937978
51.18150676186391 51.54258212293926
51.73828164899593 51.93878508610651
52.30676706681171 52.65914830646973
52.86084873138444 53.23724154639333
53.43413806025413 53.64454457646422
53.83964560861882 54.02843851504566
54.2322416485363 54.59092303400339 54.77
701872791159 55.15370679991216 55.33769579528508
55.69607793380114 56.07577044519009
56.25975944056302 56.44706010219403
56.64035767272374 56.8279496013871
57.01434055228698 57.39073336729587
57.74611505638291 58.3269094987845
58.51450142744785 58.69789192891871
59.06587789958326 59.25017013186656
59.44286920849421 59.62956339630447
59.99964808558558 60.20405370293763
60.42436329824723 60.74162092577271
61.11320982972769 61.30710988411882
61.67059119068048 62.0406758799616
62.2267715738698 62.4218726060244
62.76614225832975 62.95373418699312
63.13623093757022 63.50091322189537
63.86379603455496 64.22187892612
64.5814580524402 64.92152627755307
65.27000533696963 65.62628476690976
65.97146013998693 66.31963596249311
66.6675085480889 67.01118369645155
67.33774590917448 67.68292527221098
68.17367431206718 68.52064117689117
68.84931008814938 69.03359833047332
69.35386438734653 69.65821848634348
69.84431019029233 70.15196797562869
70.60669566249923 70.92665848246204
71.23971867275439 71.55787803109232
71.84362295969438 72.13956622438766
72.4070052195052 72.69094668648241
72.94937635339421 73.22070954883455
73.46473546250331 73.73277295152296
73.98610345038916 74.31446114481828
74.52307217932217 74.75208786592715
75.05523699720128 75.29595922453066
75.6270300913158 75.84042907703621
76.02533177309964 76.215924151192
76.47555080590794 76.6898595023595
76.93658262854691 77.15899892239177
77.39161355232783 77.60532375487733
77.78721802159303 77.98021235521235
78.10207369359155 78.28756690363833
78.44514635809278 78.57331183224041
78.73899888408818 78.88006788676431
79.0169394522073 79.14930236358808
79.30207790698861 79.45305796868297
79.57491930706217 79.67396605789463
79.81894522073094 79.94230678382463
80.04345225327368 80.14340073491858
80.28027230036159 80.38742664858736
80.4801692636514 80.58162594992953
80.68217292547649 80.78182615012972
80.8571645625217 81.01353904925333
81.06516912320484 81.1191931727646
81.25666323210965 81.35961216318358
81.3926330667402 81.53100485689771
81.58502890645748 81.66726994851995
81.75251144001144 81.82845632622418
81.89418691650835 81.98423231905375
82.02985351422851 82.089886442565
82.18412928234356 82.26307461798532
82.28678295642581 82.34141347980633
82.41644865528793 82.47467812199955
82.50499383311883 82.56201833210761
82.64246389246388 82.64186539856183
82.70129983299625 82.75952131978917
82.79793664838308 82.85617409501338
82.87778371483729 82.9210109344038
82.9525236333272 82.99334889736676
83.00624444597657 83.0425690358726
83.08578827552041 83.06567090049234
83.14942014718801 83.13591812475741
83.17793239668241 83.19563983626483
83.20975631243488 83.24336772997486
83.25597600151173 83.25536952769096
83.29168613766828 83.28688222661437
83.27698712743356 83.30249892749892
83.30880306326734 83.34812012267369
83.31930463626892 83.29739177953464
83.27458517190659 83.28057809084594 83.26647757
451329 83.18663848797777 83.23885907591265
83.15992970010827 83.11399728810444
83.05577580131151 82.92520837163694
82.91529731261875 82.7925422233458
82.67457508528936 82.51670037384322
82.35071806500378 82.16583132877776
81.96952532890033 81.77052211650427
81.5661244790709 81.35811193846908
81.16872452809953 80.95741628107698
80.6620635303671 80.43485130538702
80.23105216185574 80.04285375937162
79.82343791495578 79.57582103787462
79.3810232426304 79.21923837102408
79.21923837102408 0.0 0.0 0.000881963904315936
0.00135936977328512 0.00200534091439189
0.00292219676857215 0.0038235631394106
0.00464361338427241 0.00537523314398302
0.00600399873894019 0.00655201805006768
0.00708513500251689 0.00763256231230994
0.00807758221438489 0.00844220524820716
0.00879940676022351 0.00916376674308256
0.00952071010854042 0.00988480796235558
0.0103288269203868 0.0106926296289337
0.0110490277910393 0.0114125697137295
0.0118559109847331 0.0123063189487194
0.0127565241367001 0.0132065267311748
0.0136563269143967 0.014105924868373
0.0145480739340565 0.0150045137360359
0.0154462668365306 0.0158950598589811
0.0164376873986955 0.0168715768835642
0.0173269586954569 0.0176882248105944
0.0181287931475771 0.018576385228773
0.0190165625301812 0.0193700079674316
0.0197233285251417 0.0200909358672166
0.0204440018430185 0.0207969432072321
0.0210633661187807 0.0215096479987153
0.0217686853473828 0.0220420433846572
0.0223153267177355 0.0226676083477977
0.0229335334033601 0.0231922043637709
0.0234651736005845 0.0237237070954347
0.0239965313066868 0.024254927482005
0.0245276025452098 0.024785865823298
0.0250512282519606 0.0253236905728977
0.0255889103403696 0.0258468954314949
0.026033173292569 0.0262982092517985
0.026563172851676 0.0268280641311014
0.0270928852617184 0.0272646249649659
0.0274506432100981 0.0276223193567183
0.0278011185845539 0.0279798858489405
0.0281514732995731 0.0283301779485712
0.0285088506679234 0.02868034312783
0.0288589532987564 0.0290375358310483
0.029208941913698 0.0293874577048783
0.0295659373788457 0.0297443894577572
0.030008443763792 0.0301796792695182
0.0303580261199227 0.0305292060312375
0.0307074863109352 0.0308786042925384
0.0310568222978463 0.0312350085471565
0.0314131630517836 0.0315841624555408
0.031762254773222 0.0319403153796768
0.0321112246721564 0.0323746505833174
0.0325597186615912 0.0327376394611416
0.0329084125494679 0.0330862692054242
0.033256980652962 0.0334276650823817
0.0336054294179975 0.0337760543880723
0.0339537525723994 0.0341314234213229
0.0343090648263624 0.0344866746805378
0.0347494756613725 0.0349270052022763
0.0350974048466585 0.0352748726360775
0.0354452087892593 0.0356226169855476
0.0358070871136509 0.0359773368711195
0.0361475555349921 0.036324837070823
0.0365020871834814 0.0366793058841053
0.0368494093359716 0.0370265665007538
0.0372886988187083 0.0374657781841907
0.0376428261981228 0.0378127658447109
0.0379897524412593 0.0381667077190954
0.0383436316893008 0.0385134480759701
0.0386903107155534 0.0388600682456424
0.039036873812013 0.0392136439095422
0.0393833126306574 0.0396448321897088
0.0398214948605274 0.0399981263271591
0.0401676620096181 0.0403512956919421
0.0405278336121183 0.0407043403721582
0.0408666967241859 0.0410502020968199
0.0412195595237838 0.0413042295854322
0.0414876546933594 0.0415652473348065
0.0417486245761616 0.0418261969716936
0.0420870743295645 0.0421787214213678
0.0423478878491608 0.0425240736777676
0.0427002284703959 0.0427847732617776
0.0429608821409536 0.0431299163163221
0.043313006883594 0.043489022768889
0.0436579677015511 0.0437494709451465
0.043911333692819 0.0440942812589058
0.0442701596932927 0.0444460071998952
0.0446147905458609 0.044783549599568
0.0449663334900374 0.0451280035980051
0.0453037003328258 0.0454020766872176
0.0454863933693324 0.045746317734058
0.0458306053971282 0.0459148859563869
0.0460061787412954 0.0460904445050568
0.0461746989837715 0.0463502119299703
0.0465256982602376 0.0467011496177327
0.0467853526596807 0.0470449438375035
0.0471291221180599 0.0472203041242906
0.0473886199034282 0.0474797824317461
0.047563919938718 0.0476550664883703
0.047823309112201 0.0479074218995546
0.0480896357393565 0.0481667178226007
0.0482578094483638 0.0483418815222912
0.048432957194232 0.0486010690055751
0.0486921169015712 0.0487761566458854
0.0489442107760932 0.0491192425247052
0.0492032422103926 0.0493712245884586
0.0494622065647833 0.0495531760933299
0.049637143508632 0.0497280971253629
0.049819046639988 0.049993921175918
0.0500778474240782 0.0502526767121524
0.0503295922502911 0.0505043775353817
0.0506721456722407 0.0507630052047551
0.0508468710995171 0.050930725796311
0.0510215660031516 0.0511054060528507
0.0512800558015276 0.0514476938656503
0.0517130570976129 0.0517968433565957
0.0518806225960295 0.0520551370176058
0.0521388904610531 0.0522226410501408
0.052313359820913 0.0524877987465253
0.0525854709224913 0.0526691841201174
0.0528365853374648 0.0530109330240075
0.0530946106139061 0.0532619406354442
0.0534431856580773 0.0535268270874458
0.0536104573675873 0.053784674348472
0.0538752515305331 0.0539588568306107
0.0541260423123665 0.0543001653495092
0.05446729378394 0.0546413574166475
0.0548153907564797 0.0549893938139786
0.0551633665996806 0.0553303549897093
0.0555042684727143 0.0556781517150789
0.0558450500266124 0.05601887402802
0.0561926678198951 0.056449828704857
0.0566165982852186 0.0567902882363865
0.056880597739761 0.0570542418469093
0.0572209106683973 0.0573111771540217
0.0574778072993622 0.0577415753862401
0.0579150700669976 0.0580815954889358
0.0582550311931567 0.0584215041512446
0.0585948809182945 0.0587682276310518
0.0589346110529683 0.059114830935354
0.0592811567030145 0.0594474589407619
0.0596137293976125 0.0597938269419364
0.0600500594062721 0.0602162338335461
0.0603892997421275 0.060652301087914
0.0609013982053642 0.06124726306144
0.0615031275476401 0.0617589265839508
0.0620906722776462 0.0625259272111193
0.0629540832298901 0.0635476777113838
0.0641478172917566 0.0649129885250604
0.0657601991228566 0.0663590127464322
0.0672049996601927 0.0680502673906357
0.0686477116682431 0.0694986258395137
0.0703419578797509 0.071191432225117
0.0720333425535046 0.0728813819339172
0.073728694610487 0.0745752980915326
0.0755030046634074 0.0763412943663827
0.0771856898305378 0.0780293647850648
0.0788655402233738 0.0797078078099281
0.0805493665787673 0.0813902177219118
0.0822303543549309 0.0830630258561826
0.0838950045924107 0.0847330484291969
0.0855636394780739 0.086400278636207
0.0873170846992754 0.0881387994332016
0.088973295800092 0.0898070963634013
0.0907207857737395 0.0915531311569702
0.0923847763256119 0.0932090387795704
0.0941129409548598 0.0949424608740467
0.095771301225082 0.0965927781592099
0.097413580822844 0.0982403684387075
0.0990664809801362 0.0998786014550746
0.10071001191659 0.10152744346923
0.102357476851529 0.103246518399521
0.10406849942822 0.104883191368247
0.10569722012557 0.106530419994934
0.107336503851105 0.108161731480293
0.108966501963147 0.109790393976022
0.11060702366046 0.111409829437173
0.112231703860485 0.113039775050003
0.113847193787666 0.114660518623907
0.115473174690923 0.116285178687406
0.117083440739592 0.11789413877523
0.118691117999593 0.119493988432444
0.120302735384361 0.121104305691767
0.121911751877756 0.122705536839393
0.123596168592519 0.124401606047165 0.
125199906588108 0.125997570353603
0.126801069004252 0.127603930278427
0.127688062219571 0.128483744528973
0.129285256524908 0.130079669493679
0.130879896177972 0.131679490695442
0.132472004681235 0.133283200737693
0.134061582403755 0.13493573589974
0.135809125918738 0.136617612873603
0.137393412061705 0.138187809759917
0.138981576891314 0.139768327216519
0.140560856504601 0.141346365799152
0.141914352613173 0.142456521671623
0.143004763583809 0.14347625344346
0.14387112999997 0.14426585069053
0.144736761643546 0.145048456198802
0.14536640525455 0.145601629461612
0.145836798351259 0.146071911949501
0.146306970282333 0.146465765071951
0.146465765071951 0.1446729334564 16
0.151576404758952 0.246341255096847
0.434308634378204 0.627973984463319
0.826928543611646 1.027738268783819
1.233332690204694 1.450905555986339
1.658660007427801 1.860481898701814
2.072771576286466 2.311935367330602
2.525379856557796 2.717604447788794
2.924179495572964 3.14213175108275
3.362338864709252 3.595157223125074
3.856957341408079 4.068601882041253
4.258213185143795 4.457099373623172
4.686266997952333 4.90382023199801
5.122783892152303 5.330384744292322
5.543039780722227 5.757405458524856
5.961258815311892 6.184880030637103
6.39976997492269 6.614895178442826
6.896150086297957 7.115265880324463
7.353052143187304 7.54695628164153
7.790517213513875 8.045661042748163
8.287204396004998 8.48629438981188
8.695318155133066 8.922072474484881
9.162645313456344 9.389288364519202
9.590121358025872 9.900160678638751
10.09690168808425 10.31261039945892
10.51799888362797 10.81461412113183
11.04659735024581 11.27217036432011
11.52137797718155 11.75303019501896
12.01479556815238 12.23870027825102
12.49581152142491 12.75564728682917
13.02678775061845 13.3114042096163
13.5772918457914 13.83921611918739
14.03988295250585 14.33018334241432
14.61323881924753 14.90538197742883
15.19952877746341 15.39121786152523
15.5998531238014 15.79969953265479
16.00374128513073 16.21927412036218
16.42303560152035 16.63501144278915
16.83748935122171 17.04671225006198
17.2774455009187 17.4921936032991
17.71832396673026 17.94156693597628
18.1806593219077 18.40282706011393 18.744507820319
18.98220428824223 19.21516631342353
19.44033573933805 19.68645987118163
19.91333357080172 20.16334010674453
20.39856960990023 20.64503126497976
20.88523715890514 21.14829035926509
21.39439372837018 21.63980717488517
22.02529365051451 22.29759141859268
22.56579793417573 22.82308306794469
23.1010913498594 23.3663075547969
23.62261509773347 23.89035260462584
24.1564582628733 24.43742254706205
24.73556689526908 25.02076939616191
25.30606958948696 25.72448494709646
26.01749376133774 26.30233301506033
26.60829206215189 26.8911534074663
27.18611937027054 27.49694273140516
27.7741886439135 28.07642271035599
28.38269345522971 28.70432890036685
29.01050555827289 29.32592461860102
29.63449623832052 30.1021201 7772334
30.42186480848883 30.74701969838463
31.07362594681978 31.41147801746783
31.73229494019963 32.06569849892332
32.3784028549885 32.71609059607163
33.05116272566097 33.3968844508341
33.73211171406812 34.07876670749866
34.58422135872699 34.91610782407052
35.27497582611425 35.62652698506859
35.99402029153954 36.32981978657407
36.6854295411369 36.99968246487034
37.39425641957488 37.73526444577062
37.93834489854303 38.27444151985174
38.46921331412151 38.80047851017026
38.99909722040012 39.50421267295995
39.72730013793734 40.09788676426345
40.47357790077052 40.82746701884362
41.0314168352157 41.38800013378496
41.73438532828376 42.13069353020207
42.51586791465623 42.88582255932593
43.08667430612586 43.46184018923482
43.84777892542809 44.20248655113159
44.6103459243914 45.00202557284227
45.39665582549067 45.78986497980832
46.1486436065256 46.51572505343145
46.72760432975493 46.92315196592704
47.48834836364563 47.72267940050092
47.91996622826542 48.11731004799566
48.31812287540684 48.51393772714255
48.90192481040383 49.28406791943998
49.67672263321989 49.87370726719438
50.48662308959226 50.69223562904886
50.90012956875616 51.28887711674671
51.48837956885411 51.69039183428917
51.89940909634815 52.27935378978731
52.47897940334853 52.9033183010022
53.10771182702428 53.32075542188238
53.51897677045082 53.72138901733527
54.10947842094124 54.31986955554103
54.53496043531923 54.930566635817
55.31030415119412 55.52682334264583
55.93159381875683 56.1435631423973
56.36976620434321 56.57952929276917
56.78309420744022 57.00247241456967
57.38951064833617 57.58997959136602
57.9961502420648 58.19409729261682
58.58121651273456 58.99047354517476
59.18940358696344 59.39143836206281
59.59981618993906 59.80264203394357
60.00382024114153 60.41049852648884
60.79477022605883 61.42252431550152
61.62523554113204 61.82355471858729 62.221993630257
62.42136108627533 62.62961886160591
62.83202156480171 63.23301131450345
63.45462973900968 63.6921660835768
64.03730030783362 64.4402846761926
64.65015041948701 65.0443351067147
65.44652638659624 65.64832887681509
65.85966522844613 66.2344331822693
66.43840847577917 66.63657789630001
67.03268455062087 67.42748970838148
67.81688733467256 68.20846653955405
68.5795676881579 68.95968015552029
69.3481634948102 69.7245570984288 70.104731638969
70.48471358575116 70.8598920727258
71.21758825165877 71.59509773905356
72.13276013353629 72.51196837072793
72.87243835643295 73.0740942521203
73.42585415297209 73.76037039541536
73.96409716262795 74.30228220062514
74.80364059114388 75.15566035322868
75.49995837239217 75.85029813631478
76.16586205850288 76.49287072910973
76.78975858606411 77.10371457543479
77.39177872322568 77.6925565113925
77.96445053276375 78.26191688099498
78.54495305745878 78.91376105754331
79.14843431997309 79.40540531408953
79.74839665649843 80.02410239330436
80.40376659103927 80.65127739066766 80.868592634
07211 81.09822639305344 81.40991078016178
81.67300842004008 81.98441416105232 82.270782392691
82.58197292213028 82.88020310069415
83.12422184355502 83.40098387954107
83.60195254825835 83.85058911868786
84.0908896785374 84.2993416642384
84.54889477958235 84.77171295288156
84.99085265375834 85.20538761838961
85.44215775393458 85.6842806786925
85.88766774944262 86.06721605862921
86.29660431330983 86.50227805874957
86.68470438364075 86.86601775677525
87.08756733355453 87.27710163798368
87.45058013799847 87.63370307381022
87.8166127302445 87.99813805790095
88.15392870220187 88.40542832592172
88.53448947692334 88.66745308893997
88.89180208236466 89.08578399102366
89.19615178256093 89.42212653252838
89.55516594165094 89.72650854970831
89.89470052249838 90.05281766944617
90.19922082060547 90.37254547781978
90.49762585299882 90.63870270535128
90.81648395197245 90.97933118190312
91.07997278052831 91.21612215086234
91.38044948666831 91.5202092304804
91.62846843662388 91.76646890343899
91.93244916316357 92.00591799330482
92.14809866278543 92.28721081594107
92.40615004407167 92.54669112835048
92.64517435472037 92.76970975764947
92.87998861126707 93.00075994827678
93.09089280729418 93.20734531323923
93.33160965745888 93.38352626494484
93.5534911728486 93.61287750596959
93.73541369213047 93.83122371277448
93.9224000562352 94.03623725141099
94.12516573596331 94.20834767883402
94.32538466927616 94.39527010621092
94.45937202383116 94.56426127210384
94.64737588813391 94.70001107543867
94.74262601046024 94.79365664904528
94.84301699750691 94.92577419963509
94.9856216215489 94.96978083421758
95.10651706278068 95.09032221156687
95.12091413432528 95.13733750897062
95.06460475042491 95.12701365503104
95.06166604969504 95.0015964472045
94.89481131630164 94.77901583072274
94.64053798335999 94.46806949596815
94.28982985683208 94.10571689730527
93.90999265955348 93.72839051072107
93.52129292596535 93.22399389940595
92.99037678866712 92.78426147677426
92.58839341509658 92.35630414117699
92.09145900427836 91.8876199397024
91.71490831746902 91.71490831746902
Strain
Stress PSI
HDPE Stress vs Strain
0.0 3.33333324912625E-5 0.0027666666234533
0.00491666669646899 0.00705000013113022
0.00916666661699613 0.0112333334982395
0.0133333330353101 0.0154166668653488
0.0175166664024194 0.0195166667302449
0.021566666662693 0.0236500004927317
0.0257000004251798 0.0298000002900759
0.0318666671713193 0.033950001001358
0.0360000009338061 0.0380333339174588
0.0401000007987022 0.0421666651964188
0.0442166676123937 0.0462999989589055
0.0483166674772898 0.0503833343585332
0.0524666657050451 0.0545166581869125
0.0586166580518087 0.060699999332428
0.0627500017484029 0.0647833247979482
0.0668499916791916 0.0689500023921331
0.0709999998410543 0.0730166683594386
0.075083335240682 0.0771666665871938
0.0791999995708465 0.0812500019868215
0.0833166688680649 0.0874333282311757
0.0894833306471507 0.0915666619936625
0.0936333338419596 0.0956666668256124
0.0977166593074798 0.099783331155777
0.101849993069967 0.103883326053619
0.105949997901916 0.108016659816106
0.110083331664403 0.114183326562246
0.116249998410543 0.118316660324732
0.120366662740707 0.122433334589005
0.124466667572657 0.126533329486847
0.128600001335144 0.130649993817011
0.132716665665309 0.134783327579498
0.136849999427795 0.138866662979126
0.143016666173935 0.147099991639455
0.149166663487752 0.151249994834264
0.153316666682561 0.155349999666214
0.157416661580404 0.159499992926915
0.161516666412353 0.163583328326543
0.16565000017484 0.169766664505005
0.173883338769277 0.177983323733012
0.180033326148987 0.184166669845581
0.188283324241638 0.19239999850591
0.198566655317942 0.202683329582214
0.206800003846486 0.210916658242544
0.219166656335195 0.227416654427846
0.237683335940043 0.247949997584025
0.254133323828379 0.264416654904683
0.27471665541331 0.287083327770233
0.297366658846537 0.305583318074544
0.315849999586741 0.324116667111715
0.334433317184448 0.338533322016398
0.348849972089132 0.357083320617676
0.36121666431427 0.369449973106384
0.373600006103516 0.383900006612142
0.392150004704793 0.396299997965495
0.404549996058146 0.408650000890096
0.412799994150798 0.416899998982747
0.425149997075399 0.429283340771993
0.433383305867513 0.439583341280619
0.443683306376139 0.447800000508626
0.451916654904683 0.456049998601278
0.460150003433228 0.464283307393392
0.468383312225342 0.472533305486043
0.474566658337911 0.478700002034505
0.482800006866455 0.488983313242594
0.49316664536794 0.495216647783915
0.499316652615865 0.501416643460592
0.505499998728434 0.509649991989136
0.511683305104574 0.517866651217143
0.519933303197225 0.524033308029175
0.528183301289876 0.530233303705851
0.532283306121826 0.536433339118958
0.53849999109904 0.544666647911072
0.548799991607666 0.550849994023641
0.552916646003723 0.554983337720235
0.559099992116292 0.563233335812887
0.565266648928324 0.567333300908407
0.571483333905538 0.575583299001058
0.57764999071757 0.581783334414164
0.583833336830139 0.587999979654948
0.592099984486898 0.596233328183492
0.600333333015442 0.604466636975606
0.608616669972738 0.612716635 068258
0.61478332678477 0.618899981180827
0.620983322461446 0.625099976857503
0.62921663125356 0.631266633669535
0.635383327802022 0.637466669082642
0.641566634178162 0.6457333167394
0.647783319155375 0.651899973551432
0.656016667683919 0.660133322079976
0.664266665776571 0.666316668192545
0.670466661453247 0.672533353169759
0.67454997698466 0.678716659545898
0.680733283360799 0.684883276621501
0.686949968338013 0.688999970753988
0.693133354187012 0.695199966430664
0.697266658147176 0.699316660563151
0.703433354695638 0.705516656239827
0.707583347956339 0.709633350372314
0.713766654332479 0.715799967447917
0.719933350880941 0.721983353296916
0.724033276240031 0.726099967956543
0.730233351389567 0.732316652933756
0.734349966049194 0.736433347066243
0.738499959309896 0.740566651026408
0.744666655858358 0.748799959818522
0.752916653951009 0.757016658782959
0.76116665204366 0.76526665687561
0.769416650136312 0.773533344268799
0.777649958928426 0.7858833471934
0.790033340454101 0.796199957529704
0.802366654078166 0.812716643015544
0.823033332824707 0.833299954732259
0.84363333384196 0.8539666334788
0.86424994468689 0.874566634496053
0.884866635004679 0.897250016530355
0.907566626866659 0.917849938074748
0.928166627883911 0.938483317693075
0.948766628901164 0.959100008010864
0.969383319218953 0.979700009028117
0.99001661936442 1.000316619873047
1.012683312098185 1.022950013478597
1.033233324686686 1.043516635894775
1.053816636403402 1.064116636912028
1.074399948120117 1.08466664950053
1.094983339309692 1.105266650517781
1.115566651026408 1.12791665395101
1.138183275858561 1.148499965667725
1.158766667048136 1.169049978256226
1.179349978764852 1.189649979273478
1.199933290481567 1.212266604105632
1.222566604614258 1.232883294423421
1.243149995803833 1.253433307011922
1.263716618220011 1.273999929428101
1.284316619237264 1.294599930445353
1.304883321126302 1.315199931462606
1.325466632843018 1.335749944051107
1.34606663386027 1.356383323669434
1.366666634877523 1.376933256785075
1.387233257293701 1.397533257802327
1.407833258310954 1.418116569519043
1.428416570027669 1.440783341725667
1.451083342234294 1.461366653442383
1.471649964650472 1.481933275858561
1.492249965667725 1.502516587575277
1.512816588083903 1.523116588592529
1.533433278401693 1.543733278910319
1.554016590118408 1.564299901326497
1.574616591135661 1.584866682688395
1.595183372497559 1.605483214060465
1.615783214569092 1.626083215077718
1.636349995930989 1.646616617838542
1.656949996948242 1.669283231099446
1.679583231608073 1.689883232116699
1.700166702270508 1.710466702779134
1.720750013987223 1.731033325195312
1.741366545359294 1.751650015513102
1.761916637420654 1.772199948628743
1.782516638437907 1.79283332824707
1.803116639455159 1.813349882761637
1.823666572570801 1.833983262379964
1.844233353932698 1.854549884796143
1.864866574605306 1.875149885813395 1.8854498
86322021 1.897799968719482 1.908116658528646
1.918366591135661 1.928666591644287
1.93898328145345 1.94926659266154
1.959583282470703 1.969866593678792
1.980133215586344 1.990483283996582
2.000783284505208 2.011083285013834
2.021366596221924 2.031733353932699
2.042016665140788 2.052299976348877
2.062633355458578 2.074983278910318
2.085283279418945 2.095599969228109
2.105916659037272 2.116233348846435
2.126533349355062 2.136849880218506
2.147133350372314 2.159549872080485
2.169833342234293 2.180116653442382
2.190433343251546 2.20074987411499
2.211049874623617 2.221383253733316
2.231666564941406 2.241999944051107
2.252299944559733 2.262566566467285
2.274949868520101 2.285249869028727
2.295549869537353 2.305866559346517
2.316149870554606 2.326483249664307
2.33679993947347 2.34708325068156
2.359466552734375 2.369749863942464
2.380066553751627 2.390349864959717
2.400649865468343 2.410966555277506
2.42128324508667 2.431566556294759
2.441883246103922 2.452183246612549
2.462499936421712 2.472799936930338
2.483099937438965 2.493433316548665
2.505783240000406 2.516083240509033
2.526399930318197 2.536683241526286
2.546999931335449 2.557283242543538
2.567599932352702 2.577916622161865
2.588233311971029 2.598499933878581
2.608833312988281 2.619133313496908
2.629433314005534 2.639750003814697
2.649999936421712 2.660316626230875
2.670633316040039 2.682933171590169
2.693233172098795 2.701483408610026
2.71179993947347 2.722083409627279
2.730316480000814 2.742633183797201
2.752933184305827 2.761183420817057
2.771499951680501 2.779699961344401
2.790016492207845 2.798216501871745
2.806449890136719 2.816716512044271
2.822933197021484 2.833183288574219
2.839399973551432 2.845583279927572
2.851733207702636 2.857899983723958
2.862033208211263 2.868183135986328
2.878483136494955 2.884666442871094
2.888766606648763 2.89496644337972
2.901133219401041 2.909350077311198
2.915533383687337 2.921733220418294
2.925816535949707 2.929950078328451
2.938183148701986 2.942299842834472
2.948466618855794 2.954633394877116
2.95876661936442 2.964933395385742
2.969033241271972 2.975233395894369
2.981416702270508 2.987616539001465
2.995833396911621 3.004116694132487
3.008183161417643 3.01438331604004
3.022599856058756 3.026783307393392
3.032949765523275 3.037049929300944
3.041183153788249 3.051483154296875
3.057699839274088 3.063883145650228
3.067999839782715 3.074216524759928
3.08448314666748 3.09066645304362
3.09689998626709 3.100966453552246
3.105133374532064 3.105133374532064
0.0883783606536421 0.0985095356611049
0.28625964749036 0.470776409166094
0.661975427825771 0.832912074084327
1.002771004116962 1.145685192833556
1.267690495821694 1.3819356688966
1.493163093267277 1.588223744484156
1.678326390656542 1.755926973430604
1.896470016315088 1.954454919104928
2.00985305222717 2.057060165944333
2.104266921482366 2.14824057311503
2.18359195767164 2.227996677885715
2.268521422687957 2.303010490992178
2.347415211206254 2.39376000867103
2.437086967886793 2.531501016231554
2.576336805027042 2.621819286239429
2.668595152285616 2.712999872499691
2.757188968878279 2.810647203839386
2.853327470638251 2.904630183602736
2.952052562976257 2.996888351771745
3.047544193229765 3.091733468697917
3.181189780632533 3.230120989585778
3.271723495386331 3.315050275512531
3.355575020314773 3.397177884294455
3.439426903422345 3.478011750063451
3.518536494865693 3.561432027320918
3.594843692805956 3.630841411600336
3.700250795879754 3.731506581189041
3.766426897164238 3.79854481963635
3.832602998448723 3.863427536087033
3.894467697560833 3.925292593378272
3.953961250840832 3.981768129319697
4.013023914628984 4.035872877608139
4.059799959764735 4.111533204041938
4.159602992190616 4.180727322664997
4.20379190947964 4.221467333123597
4.24086774745146 4.261561188433993
4.286134783917923 4.301439061729772
4.320839476057633 4.334850369035681
4.360502083697051 4.392188400319057
4.415037721477342 4.429048614455388
4.451897935613673 4.470651120255942
4.491560543253092 4.510098104059873
4.524540602888026 4.53898274353705
4.554072113871666 4.569160767848025
4.584896293330848 4.59438123483842
4.597398893997866 4.600847800828288
4.59567461967222 4.595458995836731
4.581663010335914 4.567652117357866
4.554287737707154 4.544587172364094
4.53143841654887 4.521307319893092
4.504709299068316 4.489189397420981
4.474531632936469 4.460304399764676
4.444784498117341 4.429695485961853
4.410079805977631 4.391541886991722
4.377099746342698 4.356406305360165
4.342825943694836 4.3285994268813
4.314803441380484 4.291092341238504
4.271476661254283 4.258327905439058
4.237418840621038 4.222760717957398
4.20379190947964 4.186978264819377
4.172751748005841 4.15335133367798
4.131580489876264 4.112180075548402
4.093426890906133 4.078984750257109
4.065835278083627 4.0416932884498
4.006988596310092 3.98629479714843
3.97271479366223 3.948572445849275
3.933267809858299 3.908263324882522
3.888000773391836 3.869462854405926
3.835836281443657 3.814927216625636
3.789060236307906 3.762762366498328
3.747457730507352 3.732153094516377
3.704130950381152 3.686239544722577
3.649810220078093 3.625021358937803
3.610147970617803 3.592472188794717
3.577598800474717 3.554102965989097
3.527374206687672 3.512285194532184
3.495687173707409 3.469820193389679
3.446324717083189 3.429726696258413
3.411835648778967 3.397608773786302
3.369370647636462 3.346090795165459
3.323888345513639 3.302117143532795 3.2768966765424
3.252539063073086 3.228827604751978
3.215247601265778 3.194338536447757
3.180974156797045 3.151873893484381
3.133335974498471 3.11760009083652
3.092811229696228 3.079231226210028
3.052717732564963 3.030084035242167
3.016504031755966 2.994086137358222
2.967357198967233 2.936532482239358
2.91476110116895 2.897947635598251
2.866907653214016 2.852034 085804452
2.837376142230375 2.809785066676563
2.795558191683899 2.763440269211788 2.750291334307
2.726580055075456 2.698126484179692
2.681959531936328 2.666224185543069
2.645099496889561 2.615999233576896
2.600479152839997 2.581510165272675
2.565990084535775 2.539907659472122
2.525680784479457 2.496365076420869
2.476965020272136 2.46101369186426
2.440751498552704 2.412513551492427
2.399364437498074 2.382766595762863
2.369617839947639 2.355606409700898
2.342026406214698 2.315297288734144 2.2941727791702
2.273694962023155 2.252570273369646
2.233601285802324 2.217003444067114
2.19458554966937 2.180574119422629
2.16203620043672 2.140480622291363
2.126900439715598 2.109655905563488
2.094136003916152 2.077753606926865
2.063526731934201 2.056628918273357
2.047144514034478 2.038522246958423
2.03205550187899 2.025804201545481
2.029253287465468 2.023433234802935
2.020415396553925 2.020199772718436
2.018690943138714 2.01847549839279
2.014595343891392 2.019122011720125
2.010284299898146 2.016319797306603
2.018044250721814 2.018044250721814
2.019553259391101 2.019768704137025
2.024295371965758 2.022786542386035
2.022355473804624 2.024295371965758
2.02300198713196 2.026019825380969
2.026235449216457 2.030546493209703
2.031408809462091 2.031408809462091
2.032917639041814 2.029899979882368
2.037659930706035 2.041755529953357
2.039168939375323 2.040246700373634
2.043048914787156 2.048006651197301
2.051671181863211 2.056197849691945
2.054688841022657 2.053826703859834
2.055766781110533 2.059431132686879
2.062880039517301 2.06115558610209
2.064604492932512 2.065682253930824
2.067406707346034 2.058568995524056
2.066544570183211 2.064820116768
2.069562229342657 2.071718109518409
2.074304700096443 2.077537983091377
2.076244777347142 2.080124752758976
2.087238011165744 2.089177909326879
2.094998141078976 2.096291525912775
2.096938218329675 2.104698169153342
2.110733845651363 2.114829444898685
2.120649318471654 2.118278351729107
2.126900439715598 2.124098225302076
2.134445124882906 2.131427286633896
2.129702654129121 2.137678407877841
2.13466056962883 2.12991827796461
2.130996218052484 2.128193824549397
2.123667156720664 2.118278351729107
2.122589395722353 2.11741603547672
2.114613821063197 2.113751683900374
2.107069135895889 2.106206998733065
2.113967128646298 2.114398376317274
2.113967128646298 2.110733845651363
2.110949469486851 2.109871350309411
2.113751683900374 2.107931452148276
2.109871350309411 2.105991374897577
2.106853691149965 2.103404784319543
2.111811606649675 2.109871350309411
2.112458299066574 2.109871350309411
2.115691582061509 2.106638067314477 2.1087935893111
2.109440281728 2.115260513480097
2.114182752481785 2.112673922902063
2.113536060064886 2.112889367647986
2.112027230485163 2.113967128646298
2.115260513480097 2.111380538068263
2.104698169153342 2.104913613899266
2.096938218329675 2.097800355492498
2.099955877489121 2.095429 209660387
2.094567072497564 2.088746840745467
2.084651241498145 2.086375694913356
2.084651241498145 2.072580246681232
2.072580246681232 2.074520323931931
2.066544570183211 2.069346784596734
2.066328946347723 2.063957800515612
2.062448970935889 2.058568995524056
2.055120088693633 2.053611080024346
2.055120088693633 2.053611080024346
2.054904464858146 2.058137926942644
2.054473396276734 2.051455558027723
2.056413473527433 2.053180011442934
2.054257772441246 2.053180011442934
2.049300036031101 2.043048914787156
2.044773368202367 2.041755529953357
2.033564331458713 2.03205550187899
2.03033104846378 2.02903766362998
2.026882141633357 2.02537313296407
2.016966489723502 2.012008574223793
2.013948651474492 2.012439821894769
2.008775291228859 2.009637607481246
2.002955238566326 2.001230785151115
1.997350809739281 1.996919741157869
1.986788644502091 1.986572841577038
1.980968412749994 1.97708843733816
1.976010676339849 1.974070599089149
1.971699453257039 1.960706040348873
1.960490595602949 1.960490595602949
1.947772729279572 1.935917000119018
1.92945043412915 1.914145798138174
1.901859000396209 1.888063552164085
1.872974360919033 1.853574304770299
1.84107206228241 1.826414118708334
1.817576227796791 1.802702839476791
1.786967134904403 1.772740439001303
1.752909135181594 1.740406892693705
1.722300221378771 1.703762302392861
1.688026597820473 1.670997687503851
1.655693051512875 1.637801824943865
1.622497188952889 1.604821586219367
1.582834760403035 1.566021294832336
1.551578975093748 1.535196757194025
1.519029804950661 1.495749773390094
1.479151842110101 1.466002907205312
1.452422724629548 1.437549336309548
1.419442575449832 1.403706960422226
1.387971255849838 1.370942255988434
1.353051029419424 1.337315414391818
1.322010778400842 1.305413026210414
1.291186151217749 1.27437268564705
1.249799269252684 1.225441387149023
1.211430135991847 1.197203350543965
1.175216524727632 1.161420897405944
1.143960739418345 1.130811804513557
1.111627282655529 1.089209388257785
1.07325805984991 1.055582457116388
1.042002364085405 1.024326671807101
0.998244246743447 0.979490793466831
0.962677417440914 0.947157336704015
0.938103911501766 0.938103911501766 0.0
3.33327769481544E-5 0.00276284644583386
0.00490461936311176 0.00702526506696543
0.00912490772778114 0.0111707081652462
0.0132452264559187 0.0152990374848349
0.0173650179571437 0.0193286588440579
0.0213373966434671 0.0233746717977985
0.0253753067457546 0.0293646089115858
0.0313694602351249 0.0333864199861117
0.0353671447386486 0.0373278978287009
0.0393168631448595 0.041301877946345
0.0432670039550218 0.0452601304098397
0.047185703879985 0.0491551778852796
0.051136614533696 0.0530825180493876
0.0569630162444566 0.0589290668999182
0.060859889901931 0.0627713275685024
0.0647103735693382 0.0666768605021142
0.0685927913172029 0.0704739978796648
0.0723981797291394 0.0743341369789238
0.0762200255137502 0.0781177811014747
0.0800273249718985 0.0838201747276967
0.0857035752828761 0.0876139688888479
0.0895054867988064 0.0913630061590402
0.0932322581537553 0.09511318872629
0.0969905790241757 0.0988342593476238
0.100704692224545 0.102571624147167
0.104435086077898 0.10812169399992
0.109974851784646 0.111824572843861
0.11365600917776 0.115498948749455
0.117308849979374 0.119145067213998
0.120977927735912 0.12279268311834
0.124618876337188 0.126441731898472
0.128261279440686 0.130033612624807
0.133670965785929 0.137237011016666
0.139037039250932 0.140848304100312
0.142641849443838 0.144403328083474
0.146190505751585 0.147988871613333
0.149726622167441 0.151504319869151
0.153278871491218 0.156804296873445
0.160317345743671 0.163803928705603
0.165542680577903 0.169039295005525
0.172509680925498 0.175968081568769
0.181126388963618 0.184555168410413
0.187972231490113 0.191377641593743
0.198167556769825 0.204911679748203
0.213241354742123 0.221502203106129
0.226444755401689 0.234610873452804
0.242723922865027 0.252378672260291
0.260336563028606 0.266649927936015
0.27448284432973 0.280745570786591
0.288506720224657 0.291574478712397
0.299252356874172 0.305337779570354
0.308378905939842 0.314409179741177
0.317435035044573 0.324905605027652
0.33084931810689 0.333825879508943
0.339716963979613 0.342631799568474
0.34557354672741 0.348471385870102
0.354277069286595 0.3571731 58349714
0.360037597982382 0.364353725386279
0.367197699503132 0.370045163228214
0.372884514551763 0.37572728888358
0.378539172520192 0.381365912796411
0.384162007978676 0.386984254614499
0.388364155669417 0.391163324773179
0.393932196925176 0.398093546951766
0.400899130123254 0.402271111249128
0.405009439384182 0.406409091389444
0.409125068095038 0.411877830573916
0.41322380152281 0.41730583006684
0.418666454419943 0.421360312687811
0.424079645126658 0.425420209861779
0.426758979888744 0.42946371675884
0.43080790999448 0.434808125199911
0.437480432121571 0.438803163865073
0.440134869837328 0.441464830281335
0.444108726643793 0.446756327445482
0.448056192180437 0.44937564076181
0.452019971984829 0.454625552287592
0.455936392192259 0.458552903211392
0.459848071208935 0.462475350013198
0.465053889776023 0.467646683945773
0.470211940682053 0.472791387942805
0.475374598465802 0.477920107993148
0.479200784692395 0.481746894640656
0.483032954274608 0.485569338109166
0.488099304973236 0.489356788922417
0.491877228124876 0.493150333561417
0.495651050603886 0.498186070136525
0.499430941747844 0.50192612456796
0.504415120938937 0.506897913649425
0.509384585434759 0.510615602628623
0.513103025389095 0.514339454925895
0.515544458721737 0.5180296083727
0.519230176377223 0.521696289370189
0.522922145944447 0.524136620510084
0.526580868027116 0.527800708169371
0.52901910893842 0.530226205878218
0.532645834779839 0.533868089020506
0.535079124130263 0.536278932537438
0.538693669911341 0.539879425184771
0.542285540586756 0.543476738883851
0.544666473818584 0.545864509846427
0.548256284609779 0.549459618449276
0.550632683858838 0.551833208973385
0.553022649060484 0.554210721719668
0.556563509244788 0.558929815463537
0.561281060000484 0.563617290539044
0.565976459927816 0.56830175935655
0.570649916069394 0.572973796446844
0.575292244216009 0.579913165199905
0.582234245631215 0.585673298610187
0.589100609120417 0.594826627784878
0.600501780128765 0.606117596894898
0.611738262543654 0.617327469936839
0.622858797771331 0.628377504439348
0.63385706773638 0.640405478014682
0.645828412461185 0.651204734649001
0.656569617704898 0.661905872310581
0.667196674465008 0.672485188200903
0.677720457814458 0.682945322635694
0.688142990140935 0.693305477966773
0.699468812919297 0.70455684877435
0.709627296721237 0.714672164872237
0.719699836052786 0.724702356154476
0.729671930232732 0.734608962133064
0.739545600745673 0.744442133942066
0.749322696721107 0.75514340433597
0.759956531968395 0.764769908253264
0.76953707114293 0.774289273652221
0.779026657459521 0.78374170423898
0.788427037396155 0.79401760266575
0.798662656287256 0.803293707463288
0.807881126152754 0.812454967419701
0.817007983875953 0.821540364294087
0.826066907071189 0.830558506070586
0.83503005526556 0.839496047291853
0.84392072119938 0.848333014737639
0.852740153007917 0.857127953603107 0.861
482481947127 0.865811109222829 0.870135062437342
0.874440399546741 0.878727280161559
0.882988960095529 0.887239427685086
0.892319029473101 0.896530107327439
0.900716745863231 0.90488592950872
0.909037803205327 0.913185903145062
0.91729686058698 0.921404270654728
0.925494878893489 0.929575409846634
0.933632796785814 0.937667253328643
0.941685498414393 0.945700626383148
0.949673933202351 0.953657177896837
0.957618152844159 0.961563561112611
0.965493464288544 0.969395383217507
0.973282076275565 0.977178847235984
0.98180998360052 0.985661271835737
0.989497784536531 0.99331351268602
0.997120835111951 1.000907582734978
1.004680044978565 1.008456535253154
1.012200737388193 1.015924872569506
1.019641210266253 1.023355783821889
1.027056610369348 1.030731883680477
1.034375902420667 1.038036243457304
1.04168323524539 1.045293559887452
1.048914172113282 1.052521778263856
1.056104807086337 1.059680827602377
1.063951817609911 1.067505675279508
1.07102407316776 1.074547231268913
1.078063698905272 1.081556526785374
1.085048475476033 1.088517033852498
1.091968002735048 1.09543500778499
1.098873349423854 1.102299909367419
1.105709244337877 1.109134519959234
1.112520672172124 1.115895397042046
1.119275119562341 1.123299463490955
1.126643477912848 1.129981738473641
1.133308892118362 1.136625012510889
1.139924834641943 1.14321907349494
1.146491990992061 1.15042957190834
1.15367901307949 1.156917879591711
1.160156751850236 1.163385118014303
1.166597947413912 1.169810849217184
1.172997968548859 1.17619040605596
1.179362421306738 1.18251417595554
1.18630256164795 1.189442712675154
1.192573034012543 1.195698635410145
1.198804432438284 1.201915664763802
1.205012245761504 1.208089295144104
1.211782197303614 1.21483851726009
1.217895399760134 1.220933121069955
1.223966550260239 1.226995698427286
1.230015698559495 1.233016878863949
1.236018776849112 1.239006855998984
1.241990853151496 1.244961166842206
1.24792268389183 1.250885010964636
1.254413959145788 1.257347654317725
1.260277500776364 1.263189350523507
1.266102156432998 1.268997119411887
1.271893081848345 1.2747806818977
1.277659967715426 1.280517073591005
1.283384538112527 1.28623458101198
1.289076524245831 1.291914999019364
1.294727150175691 1.297549653570656
1.30036421285722 1.303709492196531
1.306502272815453 1.308733660548684
1.31151691785555 1.314283567863448
1.31649307724161 1.319789423531409
1.322537716718578 1.324733647460697
1.327472787499803 1.329644631175396
1.332370370590895 1.334531614944392
1.336696967389215 1.339390501171122
1.341017980593905 1.343695603823949
1.345316097502608 1.346925289743241
1.348523230816226 1.350122989762829
1.351193782677604 1.352784922898971
1.355444132994243 1.35703712244279
1.358092039654217 1.359685063978724
1.361267080005772 1.363371139544571
1.364951561206818 1.366533704149609
1.367574364235035 1.368626723085083
1.370719487185744 1.371764269469109 1.373327
305786748 1.37488790283403 1.375932516996266
1.377489056808455 1.378522548991851
1.38008346233085 1.381637711303621
1.383193693765761 1.385252167452593
1.387323005417018 1.388338061694896
1.389883740593096 1.391928423953846
1.392967870486917 1.394498059955306
1.395514209716279 1.39653750894656
1.399083025017089 1.400616271017336
1.402138956331842 1.403151438801533
1.404678464345166 1.40719519562344
1.408707903734727 1.410230586811336
1.411222666311175 1.412238233127386
1.412238233127386 0.0883783606536421
0.0985128193122106 0.287051632502713
0.473091059858524 0.666642354678747
0.840547101388729 1.014035465228573
1.16096099506323 1.287234057884146
1.406142574998266 1.522304659732477
1.62247643656722 1.718018810622534
1.801054297394355 1.952984823351398
2.016736883513393 2.078087565362865
2.131114333839224 2.184299207958568
2.234385021812748 2.275666748676372
2.326511266433305 2.373553962196664
2.414284283082158 2.465685816670766
2.519352614824077 2.569948805086857
2.679889145657805 2.732720447372293
2.78633845103495 2.841475618790365
2.894363891401943 2.947297154878
3.010203154865242 3.06166793628272
3.122719505428383 3.179852618851317
3.234241907945942 3.29515716498461
3.349326402337736 3.45933179088824
3.519162974127183 3.571304294825096
3.625449484662476 3.676591697791574
3.729138758220962 3.782624377112625
3.832247222704676 3.884053768793385
3.938765743143387 3.983146701063851
4.030536530934386 4.122757740867901
4.165294215321197 4.212057948993956
4.255762982846978 4.301841363704617
4.34429548691223 4.38724766191218
4.43008522612755 4.470546263815891
4.510215118895401 4.553912631498783
4.588182078599468 4.623570832540054
4.699550975747453 4.771480557565308
4.804352468339018 4.839615414072757
4.868688633147428 4.899686550602502
4.93240192383789 4.969773251636637
4.996193159756246 5.027656778715857
5.052918333424349 5.100769978013424
5.155916783870224 5.200840809552503
5.226424968191353 5.27178915290806
5.312400174702334 5.355736785064191
5.405653199738836 5.44158955711129
5.477644392359646 5.514601785525034
5.570568455595227 5.627578069258782
5.68638909331515 5.737323938657437
5.77007654488127 5.810847529636301
5.857908121262005 5.896982074064932
5.925919566269887 5.946002096061914
5.979995028877202 6.000153133342674
6.033383124895265 6.029703502800073
6.055242993414116 6.072312246634254
6.071440676873934 6.086910011410467
6.084629746553918 6.103109472652518
6.113685058636822 6.111744366913078
6.118790459021303 6.117521769451264
6.115445244979046 6.113644991702761
6.115450237566321 6.10515043242712
6.10381613056612 6.100117572986681
6.096329155336015 6.086249928682782
6.079143476415165 6.075735176847384
6.064515964129303 6.049804344478025
6.038256599800818 6.027707430431465
6.014734912597923 6.012150633974223
5.993022835865471 5.966339156259093
5.952202429705795 5.940069296381207
5.920160422121974 5.90547375290 904
5.883890430641021 5.869520336404738
5.849402396727728 5.8222879711321
5.798434925822799 5.774654006262145
5.750190615204723 5.734484623452297
5.718715882618358 5.691150284627992
5.671279506744613 5.637740118159599
5.61443305030048 5.59879795865708
5.578809862284745 5.563106523786085
5.541201906254093 5.514108947780705
5.497662876525959 5.478906916910012
5.452764605560772 5.429971667170818
5.410908290515887 5.396784768998708
5.381246041429316 5.350560519896679
5.32731110307468 5.305701356269558
5.284488134317268 5.257671390328526
5.232088556596877 5.207183989951114
5.191928218008703 5.171314596540464
5.156306057348872 5.122110191359236
5.104883080957991 5.085637005306725
5.057931921084084 5.042138499317393
5.011239573342654 4.986710249318197
4.970545025692416 4.945930811112757
4.913992980461606 4.875035425135785
4.850939739377694 4.828898448746542
4.78907365615918 4.770122132884968
4.751328153668697 4.71683300117323
4.698587698335058 4.656074295537359
4.639603879329503 4.605193633280852
4.56828794417997 4.546457708506862
4.525293413267862 4.494861643911638
4.45618035033311 4.435160509373051
4.408143770799638 4.386902225247036
4.352809051886975 4.33356300779368
4.293581550910702 4.265292531607374
4.242869498056314 4.212981083441706
4.174211407471489 4.156458971534948
4.132551164464476 4.114683437088161
4.095221647415141 4.07645305848053
4.039421978053721 4.012049264029592
3.985597764934896 3.957803495389752
3.933744098516896 3.913602257990068
3.883136211733533 3.867320910445606
3.843343562908105 3.822648698340311
3.80722269891741 3.789363847975425
3.774400902562976 3.766378543361904
3.761878015490883 3.7704177027716
3.774183865265662 3.779352227465147
3.788259356978597 3.797504964239077
3.824871815517219 3.838958738177938
3.854076982873833 3.874440009006672
3.892372508571566 3.912781080806638
3.925976176915208 3.95566194933581
3.959020367107162 3.991708320931452
4.015941597549229 4.036727454358094
4.064721143069968 4.085891127257642
4.115864809289811 4.133597950229935
4.153547316821419 4.178381755298544
4.19651521715343 4.223575961198592
4.244929507627168 4.274841814480217
4.297580731899258 4.322668636637174
4.346750496997077 4.361240037086182
4.398832337187804 4.428669787849857
4.444062784725554 4.467426145185909
4.494571321722504 4.530736719430001
4.559975852458639 4.591249828606504
4.608975265118157 4.628161501308262
4.653673425584575 4.683146250391997
4.712271157762194 4.729527464506908
4.758672460482572 4.782467412724163
4.807685314449053 4.808302416120655
4.848251263491946 4.865507689529289
4.89796387698801 4.92433567319821
4.951849165830867 4.980966408809146
4.99925122729087 5.029984131313182
5.06868337190649 5.099230638986302
5.135015045610489 5.159742057775555
5.182897273208765 5.223720421660272
5.260476354358315 5.292395765751574
5.328802784964395 5.344663248504151
5.388360353822688 5.403139343375241 5.451408
2596483 5.465618780799903 5.483167787506486
5.525613694825804 5.539835616226907
5.549466320557362 5.574224137491906
5.588814081081226 5.598729899979299
5.606270686893891 5.639613888486877
5.651983116759078 5.666283736247618
5.685745211382053 5.689437920127971
5.708803939226347 5.751576094832945
5.774492428461333 5.795158764460207
5.808000819130604 5.830266460530038
5.848985248941007 5.881549229978934
5.88710121321995 5.914215489162035
5.924890587665121 5.949052340997563
5.961013952771522 6.006485008855205
6.022733019960412 6.051911171243407
6.066196371923058 6.104722034951838
6.104615725567164 6.132617766474024
6.156120044190791 6.1948927984535
6.213547763481204 6.230838622002256
6.255185990267032 6.274999549116862
6.29412250179167 6.321783361135005
6.347438391224979 6.357542646480864
6.35906474340935 6.381536810405421
6.378921005929504 6.403115975454418
6.431394915389468 6.443409781845955
6.462332766398226 6.465924655936977
6.47475301925182 6.501633518711656
6.517731628318383 6.501373098545264
6.522686415653384 6.554550424107499
6.55060188177998 6.58076417144352
6.592484768553612 6.606212670179
6.622626509541295 6.63143968883581
6.641462877570632 6.657807006541664
6.683866950521897 6.700042850214204
6.729709107008553 6.761497354931376
6.770619533067755 6.781838327269399
6.819375274044744 6.829868916610492
6.854647210744855 6.872164426934819
6.884554927563833 6.88456380263182
6.911470071862884 6.922265585258118
6.915440270196294 6.931273355376883
6.94633759808838 6.962777787975093
6.976291685115088 6.991959197757731
6.98374634243235 6.987303249667687
7.01478442195609 7.030324321356447
7.042330748917069 7.066053111161481
7.063221213710759 7.077719380270438
7.084603184998033 7.10360913192527
7.088067033724775 7.107791991013815
7.108176848591902 7.114552611033475
7.13109315559575 7.144424668358339
7.156151680857594 7.13647981783931
7.155790549306129 7.176016322654746
7.149559472167833 7.129852937183662
7.125910347246199 7.085178913469048
7.059320122557722 7.027530023831888
6.98678712515526 6.937248701667147
6.90942043723802 6.869478502831982
6.854988655311224 6.813675852685868
6.77263491232109 6.73325198895011 6.6
7236078503163 6.642639725019725
6.584238691546354 6.530833185235048
6.48100927502604 6.425960767862446
6.377287908274653 6.318475633794006
6.266138023965481 6.207743796080583
6.138997926081202 6.083470372856715
6.033728505922878 5.979539853256091
5.925937633353309 5.847409492240771
5.79166841732472 5.74927230241687
5.701945149539805 5.649497126830719
5.590024831186674 5.533833729458197
5.480358171654442 5.421574027980031
5.356413249562281 5.302366546686243
5.247104724792779 5.189321457227167
5.140750108198721 5.081709598137892
4.993989659515614 4.906810315964275
4.855633872316405 4.806033156330925
4.727425823207245 4.676790282532108
4.613536195805048 4.565143715464126
4.492289447958932 4.412913488028422 4.3549590569525
98 4.289763756319342 4.238865450152636
4.173328653028828 4.077311802081382
4.006770129899841 3.943993098293318
3.884260464059053 3.851041675884972
3.851041675884972
Strain
Stress PSI
LDPE Stress vs Strain Diagram
0.275900003314018 0.27599999755621 0.277899999916553
0.280975003540516 0.284100000560284
0.287200000882149 0.293350000679493
0.296474997699261 0.299574998021126
0.302674998342991 0.305774998664856
0.308849987387657 0.3119249984622
0.315050002932548 0.318150003254414
0.321200002729893 0.324274998903274
0.327399995923042 0.333574992418289
0.339799997210503 0.342875000834465
0.345899996161461 0.349024993181229
0.35217499434948 0.355249997973442
0.358274993300438 0.361375001072884
0.364549991488457 0.367599990963936
0.37059999704361 0.373799991607666
0.379974988102913 0.38299999833107
0.386174988746643 0.389249992370605
0.392299991846084 0.395374995470047
0.398524996638298 0.401624989509582
0.404699993133545 0.410924997925758
0.414000001549721 0.42325000166893
0.426374998688698 0.432499986886978
0.435599994659424 0.441799 995303154
0.444874998927116 0.451049995422363
0.457249981164932 0.466525000333786
0.469574999809265 0.472675007581711
0.475774985551834 0.478849989175796
0.485025000572205 0.494324994087219
0.500475001335144 0.509724986553192
0.515925002098083 0.518975001573563
0.528274995088577 0.537549984455109
0.549875003099441 0.559149992465973
0.568399977684021 0.571499985456467
0.58384997844696 0.586924982070923
0.599274975061417 0.602399986982345
0.614774984121322 0.627100002765655
0.642499995231628 0.654874992370605
0.657924991846084 0.661049973964691
0.670249980688095 0.688849997520447
0.70427496433258 0.728975009918213
0.732050013542175 0.738199961185455
0.756774973869324 0.79375 0.806149971485138
0.818474960327148 0.824650001525879
0.861674976348877 0.87407500743866
0.880249989032745 0.907974970340729
0.926549983024597 0.92964996099472
0.938900005817413 0.957449984550476
0.960499954223633 0.997549962997436
1.000650000572205 1.037724983692169
1.040824961662293 1.074774992465973
1.08097494840622 1.11807496547699
1.155099999904633 1.195199978351593
1.229250025749207 1.266275000572205
1.284774971008301 1.306400012969971
1.309475016593933 1.312574934959412
1.331124973297119 1.35275001525879
1.389849972724915 1.426874947547913
1.429974985122681 1.433024954795838
1.470099997520447 1.507199954986572
1.519525003433228 1.556599926948548
1.568974924087525 1.606099915504456
1.643174958229065 1.680224967002869
1.717274975776672 1.757474970817566
1.797625017166138 1.834750008583069
1.871800017356873 1.908849906921387
1.939749908447266 1.942849946022034
1.948999953269959 1.986149978637695
1.995424938201904 1.998524975776672
2.035599899291992 2.044900012016296
2.075824928283692 2.112925004959107
2.150024962425232 2.187174987792968
2.218100023269653 2.23042483329773
2.242824983596802 2.252099943161011
2.258300018310547 2.267600011825562
2.27069993019104 2.289200019836426
2.292299938201904 2.298500013351441
2.335599851608276 2.372775030136109
2.394399833679199 2.397525024414063
2.434599828720093 2.456224870681763
2.462449979782105 2.49955005645752
2.511949968338013 2.533575010299683
2.54594988822937 2.561424922943115
2.564524841308593 2.576874923706055 2.58
9274835586548 2.592374992370606
2.629425001144409 2.666574907302856
2.703725051879883 2.712974977493286
2.722274971008301 2.728475046157837
2.765599918365478 2.802725028991699
2.830599975585938 2.846024942398071
2.883125019073486 2.89552493095398
2.901799869537353 2.904824924468994
2.907900047302246 2.945049953460694
2.969799947738648 2.97287483215332
2.985224914550781 3.022350025177002
3.025449943542481 3.034699869155884
3.040975046157837 3.050174903869629
3.081099939346314 3.111974906921387
3.121299934387207 3.124399852752685
3.127525043487549 3.155349922180176
3.161474895477295 3.167674970626831
3.170749855041504 3.207874965667725
3.220249843597412 3.254275035858154
3.269700002670288 3.279025030136109 3.316099834442
139 3.343949985504151 3.347024869918823
3.384124946594238 3.405824851989746
3.442899894714356 3.452125024795532
3.455224943161011 3.482999992370606
3.486099910736084 3.523124885559082
3.532399845123291 3.544749927520752
3.566374969482422 3.569424819946289
3.578700017929077 3.58492488861084
3.588000011444092 3.624999952316284
3.662024927139282 3.699125003814697
3.708374929428101 3.72382493019104
3.729974937438965 3.74544997215271
3.754674863815308 3.76392502784729
3.770124864578247 3.807149839401245
3.844224882125855 3.88435001373291
3.887349796295166 3.905950021743775
3.909024906158447 3.924424839019776
3.961499881744385 3.989324998855591
3.995499801635742 3.9985999584198
4.007849884033203 4.010974836349487
4.048049879074097 4.085149955749512
4.115999889373779 4.153125 4.190224838256836
4.224224758148194 4.245849800109863
4.248974990844726 4.261349868774414
4.267500114440918 4.270624828338623
4.307724666595459 4.323149871826172
4.363350105285644 4.400424671173096
4.43752498626709 4.47150011062622
4.477699947357177 4.483874988555908
4.505500030517578 4.514774990081787
4.551900100708008 4.585924816131592
4.595174980163574 4.61064977645874
4.647774887084961 4.678624820709229
4.681750011444092 4.703399848937988
4.709574890136719 4.72810001373291
4.765224647521973 4.802324962615967
4.805400085449219 4.808500003814697
4.814675045013428 4.817749691009521
4.854900074005127 4.891949844360352
4.932199668884277 4.972349834442138
5.009449672698974 5.046549987792968
5.049649906158447 5.077500057220459
5.086749744415283 5.095999908447266
5.114649963378906 5.117699813842774
5.148599815368653 5.185674858093262
5.216624927520752 5.244425010681153
5.253724765777588 5.25679988861084
5.28459997177124 5.290825080871582
5.303174686431885 5.324799728393555
5.327899646759033 5.337175083160401
5.374249649047852 5.395899963378906
5.405224990844726 5.417549800872803
5.429974746704102 5.433025074005127
5.454674911499024 5.457800102233886
5.473224830627442 5.47632474899292
5.48559970855713 5.52272481918335
5.559874725341797 5.569149684906006
5.606349658966064 5.609424781799316
5.612449836730957 5.615599822998047
5.63417501449585 5.64035005 569458
5.677474689483643 5.714599800109863 5.7516996383667
5.788850021362304 5.825999927520752
5.863125038146973 5.900200080871582
5.937374782562256 5.974449825286865
6.011500072479248 6.017699909210205
6.048525047302246 6.05474967956543
6.057800006866455 6.094824981689453
6.125699710845947 6.131900024414062
6.14427490234375 6.175074768066406
6.19982500076294 6.236874771118164
6.242999744415283 6.246124935150146
6.249224853515625 6.286225032806396
6.323300075531006 6.360349845886231
6.369574737548828 6.40044994354248
6.418999862670899 6.422099781036377
6.434425067901611 6.437474918365479
6.440574836730957 6.452924919128418
6.465249729156494 6.499249649047851
6.502299976348877 6.5393497467041
6.576399993896484 6.616524887084961
6.62579984664917 6.628849697113037
6.644375038146973 6.681374740600586
6.690624904632568 6.712274742126465
6.727674674987793 6.749324989318847
6.761649799346923 6.767824840545654
6.770950031280518 6.78329963684082
6.792499732971191 6.798674774169922
6.804849815368652 6.807975006103516
6.814099979400635 6.817199897766113
6.820275020599365 6.823374938964844
6.826474857330322 6.832649898529053
6.835749816894531 6.83884973526001
6.841900062561035 6.844974708557129
6.848124694824219 6.851199817657471
6.854224872589111 6.85732479095459
6.860449981689453 6.863549900054932
6.866599750518799 6.866599750518799
0.000528815055877209 0.000513609484932661
0.000559226241631269 0.00084813165092802
0.00106269879624081 0.00123502836633253
0.00154420768014049 0.00169626312639618
0.00185169757866955 0.00198685817029667
0.00211019206540203 0.00224704180911827
0.00235685968015289 0.00247512506623173
0.00256297957361126 0.00268462396570778
0.00277754645573425 0.00290763836287498
0.00305124629408646 0.00326581370258903
0.00334353084099579 0.00342800599143791
0.00349389713516235 0.00359188795875549
0.00366791576961327 0.00372366954436493
0.00379969700430298 0.00387234580914307
0.0039602003165226 0.00400750640077019
0.00407677619959259 0.00420348910071564
0.00428627457268906 0.00434540770437813
0.00438257677057266 0.00444508820643997
0.00448732560620117 0.00454307973187256
0.00458362780408478 0.00465120757351875
0.00470527202072143 0.0047779 2082556152
0.00488942837506485 0.00492997644727707
0.00497897185907364 0.0050330359553566
0.00508034239052391 0.00512933745140076
0.00519522824420547 0.00526111903701019
0.00535404187795639 0.00539459030108833
0.00535742088397407 0.00541655366474342
0.00545541276032638 0.00550778682722092
0.00556860928645897 0.00560746838204193
0.00566997911606979 0.00571052789012146
0.00575952365283775 0.005827103071352
0.00586596216693497 0.00595888500788116
0.00600788112151718 0.00605856515902328
0.00609573527797699 0.00613966130344772
0.00617683142240143 0.006225826834198
0.0062680642339592 0.00630861300801086
0.00637450309897613 0.00644377254687881
0.00649276866051483 0.006457289272789
0.00649276866051483 0.0065333160308876
0.00657386480493927 0.00662623957367325
0.00666171896139908 0.00669888837851333
0.00665327162181473 0.00672929908175278
0.00672423109910583 0.00676477846947861
0.00678505320742416 0.00675126244540787
0.00673774642133713 0.00677998452293777
0.0067445044333725 0.00678505320742416
0.00673774642133713 0.00677153718335342
0.00673436776623916 0.00668875100954056
0.00672760975420379 0.0067445044333725
0.00671071507503509 0.00672760975420379
0.00668199299750519 0.00671747308707046
0.00667185562853241 0.00664313495468139
0.00663130825815964 0.00661103352021408
0.00657386480493927 0.00657724346003723
0.00654345410169983 0.00657893348942566
0.00653669608966446 0.00650121600009918
0.00654852278618622 0.00650459465519714
0.00649445798806381 0.00646911596931076
0.00643363587974548 0.00647587398134613
0.00644377254687881 0.00646404728482437
0.00643025652280807 0.00645559924340057
0.00640998318854141 0.0064234985107727
0.00642687786771011 0.00641843052812576
0.00641505117118835 0.00639815649201965
0.00639815649201965 0.00639308780753326
0.00638126181285095 0.0063897091524353
0.00642687786771011 0.00636943441448974
0.00641167251609039 0.00640829315915298
0.00637112374203873 0.00640491450405502
0.00640153514711761 0.00643701453484344
0.00639139847998428 0.00640491450405502
0.00641674049873733 0.00642011985567474
0.00646066862972641 0.00640998318854141
0.00645390921401214 0.00640829315915298
0.0064488412313652 0.00641505117118835
0.0064488412313652 0.00648601064847946
0.00642011985567474 0.00645390921401214
0.00644208321932983 0.00645221988646316
0.00640998318854141 0.00644377254687881
0.00643363587974548 0.0064826319933815
0.0064488412313652 0.00643363587974548
0.00647587398134613 0.0064319465521965
0.0064826319933815 0.00643701453484344
0.00650628468458557 0.00646404728482437
0.00650121600009918 0.00646742664176178
0.00647925263644409 0.00647080529685974
0.00649276866051483 0.00645897860033798
0.00650966333968353 0.00646573661237335
0.00647249462440872 0.00647587398134613
0.00650966333968353 0.00647587398134613
0.00651811067926788 0.0064826319933815
0.00652824804824066 0.00645221988646316
0.00650121600009918 0.0064826319933815
0.00652655801885223 0.00647249462440872
0.00650628468458557 0.00652149003620529
0.00648601064847946 0.00651980070865631
0.00646742664176178 0.00652486869130325
0.00648432132093048 0.00653162670333862
0.00648094196399307 0.006521 49003620529
0.00648094196399307 0.00652149003620529
0.00648432132093048 0.00652486869130325
0.00649107933296585 0.00650628468458557
0.00647080529685974 0.00651811067926788
0.006457289272789 0.00649445798806381
0.00647925263644409 0.00652149003620529
0.00648094196399307 0.00649445798806381
0.00645897860033798 0.00648094196399307
0.00643363587974548 0.00648432132093048
0.00644715190381622 0.0064826319933815
0.00648769997602844 0.00644715190381622
0.00648094196399307 0.00644208321932983
0.00647587398134613 0.00643870386239242
0.00647925263644409 0.00644546187442779
0.00644715190381622 0.00645559924340057
0.00646066862972641 0.00641843052812576
0.00645559924340057 0.00642011985567474
0.006457289272789 0.00642180918322372
0.006457289272789 0.0064234985107727
0.00642518854016113 0.006406603831604
0.00638126181285095 0.00641843052812576
0.00638464046794891 0.00643363587974548
0.0063897091524353 0.00640153514711761
0.00643870386239242 0.00638126181285095
0.00641674049873733 0.00635929774735641
0.00639646716447067 0.00636774508694076
0.00637957248530197 0.00634240236634827
0.00635760771796798 0.00634240236634827
0.00630523365107345 0.0063390237112503
0.00629847493719864 0.00633733438370132
0.00626637490641022 0.00630354432352447
0.00631874967514419 0.00627820090109253
0.00629171692516327 0.00627651157354355
0.0062511695547905 0.00620724212564087
0.00624779019785309 0.00621400013767624
0.00625454820988846 0.00620724212564087
0.0062173787927742 0.00616669405342865
0.00622413750664902 0.00618527876198578
0.00616500472587967 0.00610418261756134
0.00616500472587967 0.00611094062959671
0.00615655738629532 0.00611938796918106
0.00609911393307495 0.00609742460552597
0.00613121396386337 0.00607546124187088
0.00610925060020828 0.00607546124187088
0.00605180714698791 0.00604335980740356
0.00601294910416412 0.00598422702663422
0.00595212699584579 0.00598084837153625
0.00593692164422607 0.00589468354262543
0.00593523231667709 0.00588792553059006
0.00592340562015533 0.00587272017897034
0.00583893046971321 0.00583386108338737
0.00579500304056358 0.00576121333130646
0.00579838204658127 0.00575107526049423
0.00570883821165275 0.00575952365283775
0.00572235423572349 0.00567673712810516
0.00571221721767044 0.00566491078250313
0.00564970543088341 0.00560239899571609
0.00563956841283035 0.005597330311 22971
0.005631121073246 0.00558550396562767
0.00552975089271545 0.00557198829247665
0.00553144057118416 0.00556860928645897
0.00553144057118416 0.00551623416680527
0.00552806156516647 0.00547906545153046
0.00548244445754814 0.00543682734992981
0.00548582346356583 0.00545034442675972
0.00540472731914139 0.00546048109389305
0.00544358536196518 0.00544358536196518
0.00543513802238083 0.00541655366474342
0.00543682734992981 0.00542500100432777
0.00542162199831009 0.00544358536196518
0.00543175901636314 0.00547737612398147
0.00544020635594749 0.00548075512999916
0.00542838001034546 0.00546217077236175
0.0054689284334774 0.00550778682722092
0.00545372308185768 0.0054925814756012
0.00545710208787537 0.00549089179713249
0.00551623416680527 0.00547399711796379
0.00550778682722092 0.00547399711796379
0.00550778682722092 0.00550440782120323
0.0054925814756012 0.00552806156516647
0.0054925814756012 0.00555340393483925
0.00550778682722092 0.00555002492882156
0.00549764980916786 0.00553312989873314
0.00549933948763657 0.00553312989873314
0.00547061811194611 0.00552975089271545
0.00553144057118416 0.00551454483925629
0.0055111658332386 0.00547061811194611
0.00550440782120323 0.00546723910592842
0.00546048109389305 0.00542669068279648
0.00538445328303528 0.00533714684786796
0.00526111903701019 0.00521381260184288
0.00518002289258575 0.00513271645741844
0.00508034239052391 0.00499079820467567
0.00494518179889679 0.00488773869659614
0.00483367424939346 0.00478467883759689
0.00471034070520782 0.00467486096656227
0.00460728049528885 0.00456673242307663
0.00444846721245766 0.00438764510413933
0.00426769021505165 0.0041832147136898
0.00406832850908852 0.00399568005516815
0.00388586218413353 0.00370339550825882
0.00352430783840179 0.00332494613243866
0.00306307263968849 0.00273699838352203
0.00273699838352203 0.243651814542957
0.243730183007402 0.245218105567221
0.247621509484958 0.250058084291415
0.25246931738136 0.257235752007353
0.259649041351908 0.26203728641686
0.264419841354044 0.266796733213121
0.269148879434415 0.27149552308162
0.273874689950557 0.276229240874724
0.27854041660072 0.280865139046664
0.283222138658302 0.287863300342731
0.292520347010005 0.294812838625971
0.297062931405509 0.299382104245415
0.301714402935398 0.303985937662972
0.306215507384882 0.308495219201802
0.310824697716424 0.313057372175767
0.315248598012582 0.317580616688797
0.322065374441755 0.324255051475875
0.326548147305239 0.328764027686157
0.330957050076667 0.333163193106354
0.335418107392381 0.33763227031444
0.339823751966527 0.344245516196198
0.346422568570365 0.352942990021673
0.355136259853382 0.359421160452815
0.361582876571215 0.365892329730715
0.36802281188975 0.372287429147444
0.376551085018445 0.382895656909416
0.384973243212611 0.387080480131144
0.389183265743659 0.391264751387685
0.395431607515107 0.401674595910022
0.405781725536339 0.411927506129026 0.4160258150849
0.418035766317954 0.424139645159269
0.430190230384795 0.43817428451767
0.444140796137856 0.45005597720754
0.45203056800093 0.45985857833049
0.461798170150326 0.469550385959899
0.471502497245623 0.479195618250025
0.486799290862881 0.49621946847351
0.50372547266543 0.505566815548654
0.507449916852068 0.512973304261165
0.524047822466922 0.533139779434288
0.547528753108102 0.54930568590242
0.552850072690912 0.563479726938647
0.584308400525794 0.591197492236552
0.597998215939686 0.601388188656502
0.621476607414557 0.628115208329358
0.631404740891505 0.646042454669991
0.655730829738217 0.657338619107497
0.66212080495519 0.671642597879756
0.673199519400916 0.691921411110153
0.693472128044895 0.711833981480891
0.713354119083037 0.729852710437109
0.732836509091185 0.750507641017902
0.767837126147137 0.786273148687728
0.801665217583466 0.818137514718168
0.826267538537432 0.835687872965525
0.837020233161223 0.838361594186208
0.84635097221454 0.855584863242273
0.871230591054671 0.886604399890779
0.887880963111274 0.889135320549376
0.904258634646489 0.919166574665955
0.924070393055627 0.938678222178111
0.943506957117681 0.957854818529628
0.971980830264029 0.985900733911274
0.999629530982694 1.014315395338258
1.028770849094125 1.041953752897617
1.05493901692204 1.067757782073788
1.078324512578354 1.079378481210739
1.081466113987076 1.093984925128825
1.097086104041236 1.098120493015341
1.110409065371969 1.113468063846464
1.123573134641241 1.135562800247053
1.147410377385581 1.159134940671829
1.168791130520223 1.172613655922362
1.176444858430342 1.17930092404266
1.181205592591626 1.184055774104613
1.185004007934582 1.190644380145379
1.191586389904393 1.19346782372852
1.204652528743427 1.215735856593399
1.222126965907391 1.223047232553656
1.23390042069867 1.240176915573255
1.241976425136792 1.252634404933576
1.256171429753974 1.262310109252217
1.265806075637149 1.270160724035257
1.271030760637696 1.274489492851453
1.277950186437974 1.278813541530714
1.289074233841263 1.299257958536084
1.309339083974719 1.311833436010718
1.314335032710052 1.315999315249756
1.325907189425774 1.335717922622301
1.343021442512993 1.347040132428468
1.356640246747712 1.359828440705141
1.361437951684495 1.362212948603874
1.363000157421071 1.372461616691863
1.378715702431608 1.379489971718341
1.382593750938263 1.391866315205993
1.392636691838325 1.394931917085774
1.396486010912172 1.398760066326602
1.406366545059451 1.413903425731858
1.416168631651229 1.416920518960139
1.41767796426498 1.424396641892558
1.425869553619986 1.427358319315014
1.428095840997667 1.43695776151195
1.439894330939331 1.447924368157342
1.451543567786514 1.453725186946926
1.462352178370751 1.468784069099458
1.46949167315864 1.477990049831332
1.482927495431535 1.491307292688095
1.493381515857153 1.494077551940114
1.500292463471452 1.50098370752546
1.50920310133696 1.511251566353259
1.513972704668127 1.5 18719666830036
1.519387337017094 1.5214151189561
1.522773723591873 1.523444201761477
1.531476360654396 1.539449887475994
1.547376321983211 1.549342822894171
1.552618837993657 1.553919903851107
1.557186258367149 1.559128315912971
1.561071914141533 1.562372481618066
1.570104359510111 1.577787249494717
1.586036219064096 1.586650192623417
1.590448758614366 1.591075328633721 1.5942074838489
1.601708090537509 1.607300629843089
1.608537467482346 1.609157864908412
1.611006658115545 1.611630474282578
1.619002006147722 1.62632451888862
1.632372862093019 1.639603326765827
1.646777017676221 1.653306415196434
1.657437249717578 1.658032817702654
1.660387622870583 1.661555888422057
1.662148918777315 1.66916324372208
1.672065209312986 1.679588799482127
1.686477593287878 1.693323991579801
1.699552822094988 1.700685295218272
1.701811965772101 1.705747598114616
1.707430852250616 1.714140229654293
1.720250008093272 1.721904615656191
1.724666537508147 1.731261642294104
1.736709094389872 1.737259285886169
1.741062461752086 1.742144570832753
1.745383890003976 1.75184412044177
Experiment 4 - Testing of Materials in Tension  Object .docx
Experiment 4 - Testing of Materials in Tension  Object .docx
Experiment 4 - Testing of Materials in Tension  Object .docx
Experiment 4 - Testing of Materials in Tension  Object .docx
Experiment 4 - Testing of Materials in Tension  Object .docx
Experiment 4 - Testing of Materials in Tension  Object .docx
Experiment 4 - Testing of Materials in Tension  Object .docx
Experiment 4 - Testing of Materials in Tension  Object .docx
Experiment 4 - Testing of Materials in Tension  Object .docx
Experiment 4 - Testing of Materials in Tension  Object .docx
Experiment 4 - Testing of Materials in Tension  Object .docx
Experiment 4 - Testing of Materials in Tension  Object .docx
Experiment 4 - Testing of Materials in Tension  Object .docx
Experiment 4 - Testing of Materials in Tension  Object .docx
Experiment 4 - Testing of Materials in Tension  Object .docx
Experiment 4 - Testing of Materials in Tension  Object .docx
Experiment 4 - Testing of Materials in Tension  Object .docx
Experiment 4 - Testing of Materials in Tension  Object .docx
Experiment 4 - Testing of Materials in Tension  Object .docx
Experiment 4 - Testing of Materials in Tension  Object .docx
Experiment 4 - Testing of Materials in Tension  Object .docx
Experiment 4 - Testing of Materials in Tension  Object .docx
Experiment 4 - Testing of Materials in Tension  Object .docx
Experiment 4 - Testing of Materials in Tension  Object .docx
Experiment 4 - Testing of Materials in Tension  Object .docx
Experiment 4 - Testing of Materials in Tension  Object .docx
Experiment 4 - Testing of Materials in Tension  Object .docx
Experiment 4 - Testing of Materials in Tension  Object .docx
Experiment 4 - Testing of Materials in Tension  Object .docx
Experiment 4 - Testing of Materials in Tension  Object .docx
Experiment 4 - Testing of Materials in Tension  Object .docx
Experiment 4 - Testing of Materials in Tension  Object .docx
Experiment 4 - Testing of Materials in Tension  Object .docx
Experiment 4 - Testing of Materials in Tension  Object .docx
Experiment 4 - Testing of Materials in Tension  Object .docx
Experiment 4 - Testing of Materials in Tension  Object .docx
Experiment 4 - Testing of Materials in Tension  Object .docx
Experiment 4 - Testing of Materials in Tension  Object .docx
Experiment 4 - Testing of Materials in Tension  Object .docx
Experiment 4 - Testing of Materials in Tension  Object .docx

More Related Content

More from gitagrimston

Exploring MusicExtra Credit #2 Due November 6 in classIn G.docx
Exploring MusicExtra Credit #2 Due November 6 in classIn G.docxExploring MusicExtra Credit #2 Due November 6 in classIn G.docx
Exploring MusicExtra Credit #2 Due November 6 in classIn G.docxgitagrimston
 
Explain why Franz Boas did not accept Morgan’s view about evol.docx
Explain why Franz Boas did not accept Morgan’s view about evol.docxExplain why Franz Boas did not accept Morgan’s view about evol.docx
Explain why Franz Boas did not accept Morgan’s view about evol.docxgitagrimston
 
Explanations 6.1 Qualities of Explanations Questions 0 of 3 com.docx
Explanations  6.1 Qualities of Explanations Questions 0 of 3 com.docxExplanations  6.1 Qualities of Explanations Questions 0 of 3 com.docx
Explanations 6.1 Qualities of Explanations Questions 0 of 3 com.docxgitagrimston
 
Experts PresentationStudentPSY 496Instructor.docx
Experts PresentationStudentPSY 496Instructor.docxExperts PresentationStudentPSY 496Instructor.docx
Experts PresentationStudentPSY 496Instructor.docxgitagrimston
 
Explain whether Okonkwo was remaining truthful to himself by killi.docx
Explain whether Okonkwo was remaining truthful to himself by killi.docxExplain whether Okonkwo was remaining truthful to himself by killi.docx
Explain whether Okonkwo was remaining truthful to himself by killi.docxgitagrimston
 
Explain How these Aspects Work Together to Perform the Primary Fun.docx
Explain How these Aspects Work Together to Perform the Primary Fun.docxExplain How these Aspects Work Together to Perform the Primary Fun.docx
Explain How these Aspects Work Together to Perform the Primary Fun.docxgitagrimston
 
Explain the 3 elements of every negotiation. Why is WinWin used m.docx
Explain the 3 elements of every negotiation. Why is WinWin used m.docxExplain the 3 elements of every negotiation. Why is WinWin used m.docx
Explain the 3 elements of every negotiation. Why is WinWin used m.docxgitagrimston
 
Explain how the Kluckhohn–Strodtbeck and the Hofstede framework ca.docx
Explain how the Kluckhohn–Strodtbeck and the Hofstede framework ca.docxExplain how the Kluckhohn–Strodtbeck and the Hofstede framework ca.docx
Explain how the Kluckhohn–Strodtbeck and the Hofstede framework ca.docxgitagrimston
 
Exploration 8 – Shifting and Stretching Rational Functions .docx
Exploration 8 – Shifting and Stretching Rational Functions .docxExploration 8 – Shifting and Stretching Rational Functions .docx
Exploration 8 – Shifting and Stretching Rational Functions .docxgitagrimston
 
Exploring Innovation in Action Power to the People – Lifeline Ene.docx
Exploring Innovation in Action Power to the People – Lifeline Ene.docxExploring Innovation in Action Power to the People – Lifeline Ene.docx
Exploring Innovation in Action Power to the People – Lifeline Ene.docxgitagrimston
 
Experiment 8 - Resistance and Ohm’s Law 8.1 Introduction .docx
Experiment 8 - Resistance and Ohm’s Law 8.1 Introduction .docxExperiment 8 - Resistance and Ohm’s Law 8.1 Introduction .docx
Experiment 8 - Resistance and Ohm’s Law 8.1 Introduction .docxgitagrimston
 
Experimental Essay The DialecticThe purpose of this paper is to.docx
Experimental Essay The DialecticThe purpose of this paper is to.docxExperimental Essay The DialecticThe purpose of this paper is to.docx
Experimental Essay The DialecticThe purpose of this paper is to.docxgitagrimston
 
Experiment5Physics with Calculators 5 - 1Picket Fe.docx
Experiment5Physics with Calculators 5 - 1Picket Fe.docxExperiment5Physics with Calculators 5 - 1Picket Fe.docx
Experiment5Physics with Calculators 5 - 1Picket Fe.docxgitagrimston
 
EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS2EXTERNAL AND INTER.docx
EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS2EXTERNAL AND INTER.docxEXTERNAL AND INTERNAL ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS2EXTERNAL AND INTER.docx
EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS2EXTERNAL AND INTER.docxgitagrimston
 
External and Internal Environmental Analysis Grading GuideST.docx
External and Internal Environmental Analysis Grading GuideST.docxExternal and Internal Environmental Analysis Grading GuideST.docx
External and Internal Environmental Analysis Grading GuideST.docxgitagrimston
 
Experiment 3The BeamEGME 306AGroup 2ABSTRACT.docx
Experiment 3The BeamEGME 306AGroup 2ABSTRACT.docxExperiment 3The BeamEGME 306AGroup 2ABSTRACT.docx
Experiment 3The BeamEGME 306AGroup 2ABSTRACT.docxgitagrimston
 
Experimental ProceduresThe specific experimental design procedur.docx
Experimental ProceduresThe specific experimental design procedur.docxExperimental ProceduresThe specific experimental design procedur.docx
Experimental ProceduresThe specific experimental design procedur.docxgitagrimston
 
Experiment 4Newtonian CoolingEGME 306AGroup 2ABS.docx
Experiment 4Newtonian CoolingEGME 306AGroup 2ABS.docxExperiment 4Newtonian CoolingEGME 306AGroup 2ABS.docx
Experiment 4Newtonian CoolingEGME 306AGroup 2ABS.docxgitagrimston
 
Experiment 4 1. Collaborators Team 6 2. Objective Th.docx
Experiment 4 1. Collaborators Team 6 2. Objective Th.docxExperiment 4 1. Collaborators Team 6 2. Objective Th.docx
Experiment 4 1. Collaborators Team 6 2. Objective Th.docxgitagrimston
 
Experiment 4 Electropolymerized Conducting Polymers. In.docx
Experiment 4 Electropolymerized Conducting Polymers.         In.docxExperiment 4 Electropolymerized Conducting Polymers.         In.docx
Experiment 4 Electropolymerized Conducting Polymers. In.docxgitagrimston
 

More from gitagrimston (20)

Exploring MusicExtra Credit #2 Due November 6 in classIn G.docx
Exploring MusicExtra Credit #2 Due November 6 in classIn G.docxExploring MusicExtra Credit #2 Due November 6 in classIn G.docx
Exploring MusicExtra Credit #2 Due November 6 in classIn G.docx
 
Explain why Franz Boas did not accept Morgan’s view about evol.docx
Explain why Franz Boas did not accept Morgan’s view about evol.docxExplain why Franz Boas did not accept Morgan’s view about evol.docx
Explain why Franz Boas did not accept Morgan’s view about evol.docx
 
Explanations 6.1 Qualities of Explanations Questions 0 of 3 com.docx
Explanations  6.1 Qualities of Explanations Questions 0 of 3 com.docxExplanations  6.1 Qualities of Explanations Questions 0 of 3 com.docx
Explanations 6.1 Qualities of Explanations Questions 0 of 3 com.docx
 
Experts PresentationStudentPSY 496Instructor.docx
Experts PresentationStudentPSY 496Instructor.docxExperts PresentationStudentPSY 496Instructor.docx
Experts PresentationStudentPSY 496Instructor.docx
 
Explain whether Okonkwo was remaining truthful to himself by killi.docx
Explain whether Okonkwo was remaining truthful to himself by killi.docxExplain whether Okonkwo was remaining truthful to himself by killi.docx
Explain whether Okonkwo was remaining truthful to himself by killi.docx
 
Explain How these Aspects Work Together to Perform the Primary Fun.docx
Explain How these Aspects Work Together to Perform the Primary Fun.docxExplain How these Aspects Work Together to Perform the Primary Fun.docx
Explain How these Aspects Work Together to Perform the Primary Fun.docx
 
Explain the 3 elements of every negotiation. Why is WinWin used m.docx
Explain the 3 elements of every negotiation. Why is WinWin used m.docxExplain the 3 elements of every negotiation. Why is WinWin used m.docx
Explain the 3 elements of every negotiation. Why is WinWin used m.docx
 
Explain how the Kluckhohn–Strodtbeck and the Hofstede framework ca.docx
Explain how the Kluckhohn–Strodtbeck and the Hofstede framework ca.docxExplain how the Kluckhohn–Strodtbeck and the Hofstede framework ca.docx
Explain how the Kluckhohn–Strodtbeck and the Hofstede framework ca.docx
 
Exploration 8 – Shifting and Stretching Rational Functions .docx
Exploration 8 – Shifting and Stretching Rational Functions .docxExploration 8 – Shifting and Stretching Rational Functions .docx
Exploration 8 – Shifting and Stretching Rational Functions .docx
 
Exploring Innovation in Action Power to the People – Lifeline Ene.docx
Exploring Innovation in Action Power to the People – Lifeline Ene.docxExploring Innovation in Action Power to the People – Lifeline Ene.docx
Exploring Innovation in Action Power to the People – Lifeline Ene.docx
 
Experiment 8 - Resistance and Ohm’s Law 8.1 Introduction .docx
Experiment 8 - Resistance and Ohm’s Law 8.1 Introduction .docxExperiment 8 - Resistance and Ohm’s Law 8.1 Introduction .docx
Experiment 8 - Resistance and Ohm’s Law 8.1 Introduction .docx
 
Experimental Essay The DialecticThe purpose of this paper is to.docx
Experimental Essay The DialecticThe purpose of this paper is to.docxExperimental Essay The DialecticThe purpose of this paper is to.docx
Experimental Essay The DialecticThe purpose of this paper is to.docx
 
Experiment5Physics with Calculators 5 - 1Picket Fe.docx
Experiment5Physics with Calculators 5 - 1Picket Fe.docxExperiment5Physics with Calculators 5 - 1Picket Fe.docx
Experiment5Physics with Calculators 5 - 1Picket Fe.docx
 
EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS2EXTERNAL AND INTER.docx
EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS2EXTERNAL AND INTER.docxEXTERNAL AND INTERNAL ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS2EXTERNAL AND INTER.docx
EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS2EXTERNAL AND INTER.docx
 
External and Internal Environmental Analysis Grading GuideST.docx
External and Internal Environmental Analysis Grading GuideST.docxExternal and Internal Environmental Analysis Grading GuideST.docx
External and Internal Environmental Analysis Grading GuideST.docx
 
Experiment 3The BeamEGME 306AGroup 2ABSTRACT.docx
Experiment 3The BeamEGME 306AGroup 2ABSTRACT.docxExperiment 3The BeamEGME 306AGroup 2ABSTRACT.docx
Experiment 3The BeamEGME 306AGroup 2ABSTRACT.docx
 
Experimental ProceduresThe specific experimental design procedur.docx
Experimental ProceduresThe specific experimental design procedur.docxExperimental ProceduresThe specific experimental design procedur.docx
Experimental ProceduresThe specific experimental design procedur.docx
 
Experiment 4Newtonian CoolingEGME 306AGroup 2ABS.docx
Experiment 4Newtonian CoolingEGME 306AGroup 2ABS.docxExperiment 4Newtonian CoolingEGME 306AGroup 2ABS.docx
Experiment 4Newtonian CoolingEGME 306AGroup 2ABS.docx
 
Experiment 4 1. Collaborators Team 6 2. Objective Th.docx
Experiment 4 1. Collaborators Team 6 2. Objective Th.docxExperiment 4 1. Collaborators Team 6 2. Objective Th.docx
Experiment 4 1. Collaborators Team 6 2. Objective Th.docx
 
Experiment 4 Electropolymerized Conducting Polymers. In.docx
Experiment 4 Electropolymerized Conducting Polymers.         In.docxExperiment 4 Electropolymerized Conducting Polymers.         In.docx
Experiment 4 Electropolymerized Conducting Polymers. In.docx
 

Experiment 4 - Testing of Materials in Tension Object .docx

  • 1. Experiment 4 - Testing of Materials in Tension Object: The object of this experiment is to measure the tensile properties of two polymeric materials, steel and aluminum at a constant strain rate on the Tension testing machine. Background: For structural applications of materials such as bridges, pressure vessels, ships, and automobiles, the tensile properties of the metal material set the criteria for a safe design. Polymeric materials are being used more and more in structural applications, particularly in automobiles and pressure vessels. New applications emerge as designers become aware of the differences in the properties of metals and polymers and take full advantage of them. The analyses of structures using metals or plastics require that the data be available. Stress-Strain: The tensile properties of a material are obtained by pulling a specimen of
  • 2. known geometry apart at a fixed rate of straining until it breaks or stretches to the machines limit. It is useful to define the load per unit area (stress) as a parameter rather than load to avoid the confusion that would arise from the fact that the load and the change in length are dependent on the cross-sectional area and original length of the specimen. The stress, however, changes during the test for two reasons: the load increases and the cross-sectional area decreases as the specimen gets longer. Therefore, the stress can be calculated by two formulae which are distinguished as engineering stress and true stress, respectively. 2 or psi) P = load (lbs) Ao= original cross-sectional area (in 2) Ai = instantaneous cross-sectional area (in 2)
  • 3. Likewise, the elongation is normalized per unit length of specimen and is called strain. The strain may be based on the original length or the instantaneous length such that - lf= final gage length (in) lo= original gage length (in) li = instantaneous gage length (in) ln = natural logarithm For a small elongation the engineering strain is very close to the true strain when l=1.2 lo, related to the true stress by The true stress would be 20% higher in the case above where the specimen is 20% longer than the original length. As the relative elongation increases,
  • 4. the true strain will become significantly less than the engineering strain while the true stress becomes much greater than strain =ln 4.0 = 1.39. Therefore, the true strain is less than 1/2 of the engineering Tensile Test Nomenclature: The tensile test data are characterized by terminology shown in Figure 4-1. The material test curves have a region where the deformation caused by the stress is elastic, or not permanent. This means when the stress is removed the specimen returns to its original length. At stresses greater than a certain value, a portion of the strain becomes permanent or plastic. The stress required to cause a 0.2% plastic strain, or off-set, is called the yield stress.
  • 5. Ductility is measured as % elongation, representing the ability to deform in the plastic range (6) 100% 0 0 l ll elongation f
  • 6. Equipment United Tensile Testing Machine: floor-mounted (20,000 lb. capacity) Calipers, Ruler Procedure You will receive 4 specimens (high density polyethylene, low density polyethylene, steel and aluminum. Using calipers measure (in the reduced area): 1) the thickness of the specimen to +.002 inches. 2) the width of the specimen to + 0.02 inch. Make sure to record the specific metal alloy, original specimen width, thickness, gage length; and after fracture load and percent elongation (total strain). Place the specimen as instructed and tighten the clamps securely. The original crosshead distance (gage length) will be measured with a ruler after the sample has been placed firmly in the grips. The gage length is the distance from the top of the
  • 7. lower clamp to the bottom of the upper one. Measure the gage length to + 0.1 inch. MSE 227 LAB – Tensile Machine Operation Click on DATUM shortcut on the Desktop (wait for program to finish loading) Click on Template for: - testing rate will be 0.2 inch/minute - testing rate will be 2.0 inch/minute Click on SAMPLE INFORMATION tab: Enter (Make sure to ENTER the information, so that it calculates the Area correctly) The CONTROL SEGMENT tab shows the testing rate for the given set up.
  • 8. Tighten the grips on the sample; you can see the force you are applying on the computer screen. You want to be sure the grips are secure (hopefully with no more than 5lb force preload). Click on TEST when ready to begin testing. Make sure to record test number, so you can find your data. Click on REPORT to Export your file. To retrieve data go to: Glossary of Terms Understanding the following terms will help in understanding this experiment: Ductility - The ability of a material to be permanently deformed without breaking when a force is applied. Elastic deformation - Deformation of the material that is
  • 9. recovered when the applied load is removed. This temporary deformation is associated with the stretching of atomic bonds. % Elongation - The total percent increase in the length of a specimen during a tensile test. Engineering strain - Increase in sample length at a given load divided by the original (stress-free) length. Engineering stress - The applied load, or force, divided by the original cross-sectional area of the material. Engineering stress-strain curve - A plot of the Engineering stress versus the Engineering strain. Hooke's law - the linear relationship between stress and strain in the elastic portion of the stress- strain curve. Modulus of elasticity - Young's modulus, or the slope of the stress-strain curve in the elastic region. Necking - Local deformation of a tensile specimen. Necking begins at the tensile point. Offset yield strength - yield strength obtained graphically that describes the stress that gives no more than a specified amount of plastic deformation.
  • 10. Plastic deformation - Permanent deformation of the material when a load is applied, then removed. % Reduction in area - The total percent decrease in the cross- sectional area of a specimen during the tensile test. Tensile strength - The maximum engineering stress experienced by a material during a tensile test (ultimate tensile strength). Tensile test - Measures the response of a material to a slowly applied uniaxial force. The yield strength, tensile strength, modulus of elasticity, and ductility are obtained. True strain - The actual strain produced when a load is applied to a material. True stress - The load divided by the actual area at that load in a tensile test. Yield strength - The stress applied to a material that just causes permanent plastic deformation. Write Up Prepare a memo report on the results of the tests. The report should contain 4 Figures (graphs) that contain an overlay of engineering and true stress-
  • 11. strain curves from the tensile tests for each material. All graphs should be graphed using Excel. Label engineering curves to show Young's Modulus, Yield Stress, Ultimate Tensile Strength, and Total Strain (also label values; for example, Young’s modulus = 41000 psi). Discuss these values in your report and compare them with published values for the same alloys. Discuss your 4 graphs, the errors involved in this experiment and their sources. References McClinock, Mechanical Behavior of Materials Dieter, Mechanical Metallurgy Nielsen, Mechanical Properties of Polymers MSE 227L Name ________________________ Testing of Materials in Tension Poor Fair Average Good Excellent
  • 12. Memorandum Format Used 1 2 3 4 5 Spelling, grammar & punctuation correct 1 2 3 4 5 Report includes: Poor Fair Average Good Excellent Compare graphs for engineering stress- engineering strain, and true stress-true strain using data from tensile tests for each material (4 graphs total; 2 curves overlaid per graph). 4 8 12 16 20 Label Engineering Curves only Young's Modulus labeled neatly using Excel (Include values on graph). Show calculations. 1 2 3 4 5 Yield Stress labeled neatly using Excel (Include values on graph). 1 2 3 4 5 Total Strain labeled neatly using Excel (Include values on graph). 1 2 3 4 5
  • 13. Ultimate Tensile Strength labeled neatly using Excel (Include values on graph). 1 2 3 4 5 elongation compared to published values. Include table with compared values and measured data. 2 4 6 8 10 Discussion of errors in this experiment and their sources. 1 2 3 4 5 Poor Fair Average Good Excellent Overall level of effort apparent 1 2 3 4 5 Quality of graphs 1 2 3 4 5 Quality of Abstract 1 2 3 4 5 Quality of work description 1 2 3 4 5 Quality of conclusions 1 2 3 4 5
  • 14. Laboratory Experiment No. 4 Testing of Materials in Tension Aldousari 1 Abstract Engineers are eager to design safe structural applications. In order to achieve that goal, they need to know the tensile properties for the material used. In this experiment, we have studied the tensile properties of four samples of materials. We have given steel, aluminum and two polymeric materials (the high-density polyethylene and low-density polyethylene. The samples have been tested on the Tension testing machine with a constant strain rate. Before doing the test, the length, width and thickness were measured. The machine provides all the data needed on a screen. From the stress-strain graph we were able to see the result of the yield strength, ultimate tensile strength, total strain and the extension for each material. Introduction The Tension Testing Machine helps us as engineering to choose the best material for a certain application. The term tensile strength refers to the amount of tensile (stretching) stress a material can withstand before breaking or failing. Some structure projects need a certain tensile properties in order to be safe. We are able to predict the reaction of the material by running it on the tension-testing machine. However, Structural engineering depends on the knowledge of materials and their properties, in order to understand how different materials support and resist loads. Basically, The machine we were using was pulling the specimen from the top by a fixed rate of straining and fixed the lower part. It keeps pulling the specimen
  • 15. to the top until it breaks. In some cases, the material does not break but it stretch due to its low tensile strength. Therefore. It can be calculated both the stress and the strain. Moreover, The true and engineering stress or strain can be both calculated. To calculate the engineering stress, (lbs/in2 or psi). The load p in lbs. is divided by the original cross-sectional area in in2. For the true stress, we divide the load p by the instantaneous cross-sectional area. For the engineering strain, It can be calculated by taking the change in the gage length and dividing it by the original gage length. The true strain is calculated by taking the natural logarithm of one plus the engineering strain). We can calculate the elongation percentage by Then, by using excel we can get the graphs and measure the, Young’s Modulus, yield strength, elongation percentage, ultimate tensile strength, and total strain. Procedure · The first step was measuring the width and thickness of all the materials by using the digital calipers with a +.002 inches. · Place one sample at a time and make sure it is tight between the clamps of the tension-testing machine. · Measure the gage length before and after the test with a +1 inch by a ruler. · Start the test and the result will appear on the computer screen. · Transfer the data into an excel file and save it on a hard disc. · Covert the force into a stress by dividing the force by the area. · Graph the stress-strain curves · Measure Young’s Modulus by using the equation m = · Repeat the test four times.
  • 16. Discussion of Results The results have been concluded in four Tables that show the different between the measured values and the published values. There are also a four graphs that represent the stress- strain curves both the true and engineering curve. The units of engineering stress are KSI, which stands for a thousand pounds per square inch and one thousand PSI. First, the steel has to be strong material in some instance. In general, brittle material by nature will show effectively no plastic deformation prior to rupture and their elongation and reduction of area values will be small value. We can notice from Table 1 that the steel has almost the same values as the published except the total strain. The Young’s Modulus is equal to m= .The total strain was not close as the other because of some initial measurement errors. The Figure 2 shows that there is a plastic and elastic region for the steel. Table 1: Measured Values versus Published Values Steel Measured Values Published Values Ultimate Tensile Strength (PSI) 66985 63800 Yield Strength (PSI) 55161 53700 Young’s Modulus (PSI) 2325821.23 29700000 Total Strain 0.2286 0.15
  • 17. Figure 1: Steel Stress-Strain graph For the Aluminum, the graph shows that it has the higher ultimate tensile strength and the higher yield strength among the other samples. From Figure 2, it takes more time to transfer from the elastic region to the plastic region. The engineering and true curves increase uniformly till they reach the yield point. They keep the same stress on the plastic region. The Young’s Modulus value is inaccurate due to the error when taking the slope of the curve. The Young’s Modulus is equal to m= Table 2: Measured Values versus Published Values Aluminum Measured Values Published Values Ultimate Tensile Strength (PSI) 82891 68000 Yield Strength (PSI) 74273 47000 Young’s Modulus (PSI) 2487432 10600000 Total Strain 0.16894 0.19 Figure 2: Aluminum Stress-Strain Graph The High Density Polyethylene results for this test shows that this material has very low properties compared to others. The
  • 18. true stress and engineering stress increased at same proportion for the same strain. They both decreased again, but after that, the engineering curve had the same stress value but the true had not. The measured values are close enough to the published values. Again, the Young’s Modulus value is off the published value due to the same reason mentioned before. The Young’s Modulus is equal to m= this material did not break or fail when it was tested. The opposite, it stretched until we stopped the machine manually. The reason behind that is the yield strength value not high. Table 3: Measured Values versus Published Values High Density Polyethylene Measured Values Published Values Ultimate Tensile Strength (PSI) 45981 4423 Yield Strength (PSI) 4301 4279 Young’s Modulus (PSI) 39456.256 87022 to 203000 Total Strain 0.9182 1.3 Figure 3: High Density Polyethylene Stress-Strain Graph The Low Density Polyethylene values are very small compared to the other materials. The true and engineering curves increased uniformly for a very short period of time. Then the true curve kept increasing where the engineering curve was on
  • 19. the same stress value. Also, the measured values are not close to the published values except the total strain. The Young’s Modulus is equal to m=. This material has the ability to stretch for a long distance. The percentage elongation is high. Table 4: Measured Values versus Published Values Low Density Polyethylene Measured Values Published Values Ultimate Tensile Strength (PSI) 7.015 1310 to 2600 Yield Strength (PSI) 4.974 1100 to 1740 Young’s Modulus (PSI) 42100 Total Strain 6.90012 2.2 to 6.5 Figure 4: Low Density Polyethylene Stress-Strain Graph Conclusion The values of the width and thickness for the metals are smaller then the polymers where the percentage elongation of the polymers is higher then the metals. The high-density polymer does not fail at high strain. It is obvious that our measurement
  • 20. method produces data consistently much lower than the published values. The published values maybe using pure elements where the samples that we were given are not that pure. Moreover, the published sample used different measurement and that might affect the values. Despite, the inaccurate values tested for tension test property, the stress- strain curves from which they were generated still conform to the expected profile and mechanics of metals. References Work Cited · Lab Manual · W.F. Hosford, Overview of Tensile Testing, Tensile Testing, P. Han, Ed., ASM International, 1992, p 1–24 · Johnson, Mark. "2024 Alloy." 2024 Alloy. California Metal and Supply, 10 May 2013. Web. 22 Sept. 2015. Aluminum Stress Vs Strain Diagram 0.0 0.0 0.000882352948846186 0.00136029413517784 0.00200735295520109 0.00292647054747624
  • 21. 0.00383088228237979 0.00465441166478045 0.0053897056290332 0.00602205886560328 0.00657352947575204 0.00711029395461082 0.00766176456475959 0.00811029389938887 0.00847794115543365 0.00883823534583344 0.00920588260187822 0.0095661762444412 0.00993382404832279 0.0103823533829521 0.01075000009116 0.011110293733723 0.0114779415376046 0.0119264708722339 0.0123823532725082 0.0128382356727824 0.0132941180730567 0.013750000473331 0.0142058828736053 0.0146544122082346 0.0151176465784802 0.0155661770087831 0.0160220583133838 0.0165735294713693 0.0170147057403536 0.0174779412062729 0.0178455879144809 0.0182941172491102 0.0187499996493844 0.0191985289840137 0.0195588237222503 0.0199191184604869 0.0202941171386663 0.0206544118769029 0.0210147066151395 0.0212867645656361 0.021742648061584 0.0220073518507621 0.0222867639625774 0.0225661760743927 0.0229264708126292 0.0231985287631259 0.0234632347436512 0.0237426468554665 0.0240073528359918 0.0242867649478071 0.0245514709283324 0.0248308786574532 0.025095589020673 0.0253676469711696 0.0256470590829849 0.0259191170334816 0.0261838230140069 0.026374996146735 0.0266470584799262 0.0269191186217701 0.0271911765722667 0.0274632345227634 0.027639705906896 0.0278308834223186 0.028007352615104 0.028191175969208 0.028374999323312 0.0285514707074446 0.0287352940615486 0.0289191174156525 0.0290955844170907 0.0292794077711947
  • 22. 0.0294632355079931 0.0296397068921257 0.0298235302462297 0.0300073492176392 0.0301911725717432 0.0304632349049344 0.0306397019063725 0.030823529643171 0.0310000010273036 0.0311838243814076 0.0313602935741929 0.0315441169282969 0.0317279402824009 0.0319117636365049 0.0320882350206375 0.032272058 3747415 0.0324558817288455 0.0326323531129781 0.0329044110634748 0.0330955863875501 0.0332794119330013 0.033455883317134 0.0336397066712379 0.0338161758640233 0.0339926472481559 0.0341764706022599 0.0343529419863925 0.034536760957802 0.034720584311906 0.0349044098573572 0.0350882354028085 0.0353602933533051 0.0355441167074091 0.0357205880915417 0.0359044114456457 0.0360808784470839 0.0362647039925351 0.0364558815079577 0.0366323528920903 0.0368088220848757 0.0369926454389796 0.0371764687930836 0.0373602921471876 0.0375367657226675 0.0377205890767714 0.0379926448359209 0.0381764681900249 0.0383602915441289 0.0385367651196087 0.0387205884737127 0.0389044118278167 0.0390882351819207 0.039264704374706 0.03944852772881 0.0396249969215954 0.0398088246583939 0.0399926480124978 0.0401691172052832 0.0404411773471271 0.0406250007012311 0.0408088240553351 0.0409852932481205 0.0411764707635431 0.041360294117647 0.041544117471751 0.0417132325032178 0.0419044100186404 0.0420808792114258 0.0421691159991657 0.0423602935145883 0.0424411761410096 0.0426323536564322
  • 23. 0.0427132362828535 0.0429852920420029 0.0430808829910615 0.0432573521838469 0.0434411755379508 0.0436249988920548 0.0437132356797947 0.0438970590338987 0.0440735282266841 0.0442647057421067 0.0444485290962107 0.0446249982889961 0.0447205892380546 0.0448897042695214 0.045080881784944 0.045264705139048 0.0454485284931519 0.0456249976859373 0.0458014712614172 0.0459926443941453 0.0461617638083065 0.0463455871624105 0.046448527890 0932 0.0465367646778331 0.0468088204369825 0.0468970572247225 0.0469852940124624 0.0470808805788264 0.0471691173665664 0.0472573497716118 0.0474411731257158 0.0476250008625143 0.0478088242166182 0.0478970566216637 0.0481691167635076 0.0482573535512475 0.0483529401176116 0.048529409310397 0.0486250002594555 0.048713232664501 0.0488088236135595 0.0489852928063449 0.0490735295940848 0.0492647027268129 0.0493455853532342 0.0494411763022928 0.0495294087073382 0.0496249996563967 0.0498014688491821 0.0498970554155462 0.0499852922032861 0.0501617613960715 0.0503455891328699 0.0504338215379154 0.0506102907307008 0.0507058816797593 0.0508014682461234 0.0508897050338633 0.0509852916002273 0.0510808825492859 0.0512647059033899 0.0513529383084353 0.0515367616625393 0.0516176442889606 0.0518014676430646 0.0519779412185444 0.0520735277849085 0.0521617645726484 0.0522499969776939 0.0523455879267524 0.0524338203317979 0.0526176436859019
  • 24. 0.0527941172613817 0.0530735271818497 0.0531617639695897 0.0532500007573296 0.0534338241114336 0.053522056516479 0.053610293304219 0.053705879870583 0.053889703224687 0.0539926439523697 0.0540808807401096 0.054257349932895 0.054441173286999 0.0545294100747389 0.0547058792675243 0.0548970567829469 0.0549852935706868 0.0550735259757322 0.0552573537125307 0.0553529402788948 0.0554411770666347 0.0556176462594201 0.055801469613524 0.0559779388063094 0.0561617621604134 0.0563455855145174 0.0565294088686214 0.0567132322227254 0.0568897057982052 0.05707 35291523092 0.0572573525064132 0.0574338216991985 0.0576176450533025 0.0578014684074065 0.0580735285492504 0.0582499977420358 0.0584338210961398 0.0585294120451983 0.0587132353993023 0.0588897045920877 0.0589852911584517 0.0591617647339316 0.0594411746543996 0.0596249980085036 0.059801467201289 0.059985290555393 0.0601617641308728 0.0603455874849768 0.0605294108390808 0.0607058800318662 0.0608970575472888 0.0610735267400741 0.061250000315554 0.0614264695083394 0.061617647023762 0.0618897027829114 0.0620661763583912 0.0622499997124952 0.0625294096329633 0.0627941156134886 0.0631617623216966 0.0634338224635405 0.0637058826053844 0.0640588209909551 0.0645220586482216 0.0649779377614751 0.0656102904502083 0.0662499973002602 0.0670661733430974 0.0679705861736746 0.0686102930237265 0.0695147058543037
  • 25. 0.0704191143021864 0.0710588211522383 0.0719705881441341 0.0728749965920168 0.0737867635839126 0.0746911764144897 0.0756029434063855 0.0765147016328924 0.0774264686247882 0.0784264680217294 0.0793308808523066 0.0802426478442024 0.0811544060707092 0.0820588189012864 0.0829705858931822 0.083882352885078 0.0847941198769738 0.0857058781034806 0.0866102909340578 0.087514703764635 0.0884264707565307 0.0893308835871079 0.0902426418136148 0.091242641210556 0.0921396998798146 0.0930514668717104 0.0939632338636062 0.0949632332605474 0.0958750002524432 0.09678675847895 0.0976911713095272 0.0986838253105388 0.0995955835370456 0.100507350528941 0.101411763359519 0.102316176190096 0.10322 7934416603 0.104139701408498 0.105036760077757 0.105955881230971 0.106860294061549 0.107779406449374 0.108764706289067 0.109676464515574 0.110580877346151 0.111485290176728 0.112411765491261 0.11330882416052 0.114227936548345 0.115124995217604 0.116044116370818 0.116955883362714 0.117852942031973 0.118772054419798 0.119676467250375 0.120580880080952 0.121492647072848 0.122404405299355 0.123316172291251 0.124213230960509 0.125124997952405 0.126022056621664 0.126926469452241 0.127838236444137 0.128742640509325 0.129654407501221 0.130551466170479 0.131558819728739 0.132470586720635 0.133374999551212 0.134279412381789 0.135191170608296 0.136102937600192
  • 26. 0.136198524166556 0.137102936997133 0.138014703989029 0.13891911681960 6 0.139830875046113 0.140742642038009 0.141647054868586 0.142573530183119 0.143463234691059 0.144463234088 0.145463233484941 0.146389700034085 0.147279413307414 0.148191171533921 0.149102929760428 0.150007342591005 0.15091911834829 0.151823531178867 0.152477937586167 0.153102944878971 0.153735297567704 0.154279400320614 0.154735288199256 0.155191176077899 0.155735296361587 0.156095588908476 0.156463226851295 0.156735286993139 0.157007347134983 0.157279407276827 0.157551467418671 0.157735295155469 0.157735295155469 0.144672933456416 0.151576404758952 0.246124086783092 0.43371864944305 0.626715944360336 0.824515622925221 1.023816149635765 1.227618846724595 1.44312752344979 1.648731250782032 1.8483318349041 2.05813761285999 2.294356547635007 2.505063058913505 2.694758444270163 2.898561328388337 3.113469516231793 3.330478916416416 3.559794847462258 3.817324529168837 4.025329588596888 4.21142303815295 4.406521576582961 4.631035092809646 4.843842068311935 5.057850021577701 5.260451678559937 5.467856747851168 5.676762041856907 5.875161772901727 6.09277166196809 6.30167695597383 6.510582249979572 6.783719904534636 6.996227134340974 7.226743544405374 7.414637712489275 7.650557026254571 7.897581394372689
  • 27. 8.131099251355948 8.32349658730797 8.52549775540847 8.74460836793426 8.97722599033983 9.19603635842475 9.390233664787235 9.689485603269085 9.879480484949235 10.08778628756307 10.28 588577416702 10.572230194161 10.79614272276103 11.01375211308247 11.25417409597097 11.47748613568926 11.72991390625319 11.94542258297839 12.19304743997824 12.44337349945609 12.70450436884589 12.97854275672356 13.23427122115738 13.48609850283957 13.67909682641826 13.95823737481103 14.23017504909246 14.51081582219975 14.79325806195226 14.97725104728453 15.17745124748473 15.36924759581009 15.56494712186676 15.77175070478642 15.96714998640222 16.17035163352128 16.36424969293273 16.56475113506363 16.78596246118568 16.99156706132153 17.20827571832036 17.4219819309105 17.65099961249515 17.86350684230149 18.19037029695512 18.41788575884557 18.64059730968213 18.85580574196646 19.09112556433985 19.30783422133869 19.54675498202284 19.771 26799950461 20.00658582689833 20.23590275543401 20.48712855074462 20.72184788423628 20.95596473386652 21.32365145758003 21.58328010727564 21.83900857170947 22.08423546314171 22.34926851277298 22.60199453279811 22.8460184514872 23.10084718008825 23.35417368899512 23.62160869415333 23.90555215611019 24.17688934150987 24.44822453192989 24.84592572483198 25.12446678183285 25.39520148337112 25.68604956997814
  • 28. 25.95468555289984 26.23472483963555 26.52977634841474 26.79270868444976 27.07965259583563 27.37019744553227 27.67545327534167 27.96569887808727 28.26494981907928 28.55729813040081 29.00032127152663 29.3031731508294 29.61112818813712 29.92058345015934 30.24054627012216 30.54399863830668 30.85945679416662 31.15510679684787 31.47446912792895 31.7914275085034 32.1182929581367 32.43495209176012 32.76271727722621 33.23995830971277 33.55301650502544 33.89188774233417 34.22385236001307 34.57052795780474 34.88688784447713 35.22215614849543 35.5181073931074 35.89029479096443 36.21145459873139 36.40325194454659 36.71901333731691 36.90300632264918 37.21395981440624 37.40155573302894 37.8760975580172 38.08650008426795 38.43527839063553 38.78855737114666 39.1208212357766 39.31292181850218 39.64758763865907 39.97264962666748 40.34484101448387 40.70652284938 41.05379694107372 41.24229459050887 41.59466785024821 41.95634968514432 42.28831829278257 42.67101125360054 43.03839873036301 43.40848341964413 43.77646939030868 44.1123401781884 44.45541284268962 44.65351432427325 44.83660158883374 45.36487220639006 45.58488255474862 45.76947403398297 45.95376626626627 46.14166143184 46.32475268635982 46.68703700511736 47.04361568200854 47.41010142795857 47.59409042333149 48.16648600130743
  • 29. 48.35857860411432 48.5524746685461 48.91505823425467 49.10085069125248 49.28934834068762 49.48414613593185 49.83802361034504 50.02411930425323 50.41942053660804 50.6103161516108 50.8087128901861 50.99330835937978 51.18150676186391 51.54258212293926 51.73828164899593 51.93878508610651 52.30676706681171 52.65914830646973 52.86084873138444 53.23724154639333 53.43413806025413 53.64454457646422 53.83964560861882 54.02843851504566 54.2322416485363 54.59092303400339 54.77 701872791159 55.15370679991216 55.33769579528508 55.69607793380114 56.07577044519009 56.25975944056302 56.44706010219403 56.64035767272374 56.8279496013871 57.01434055228698 57.39073336729587 57.74611505638291 58.3269094987845 58.51450142744785 58.69789192891871 59.06587789958326 59.25017013186656 59.44286920849421 59.62956339630447 59.99964808558558 60.20405370293763 60.42436329824723 60.74162092577271 61.11320982972769 61.30710988411882 61.67059119068048 62.0406758799616 62.2267715738698 62.4218726060244 62.76614225832975 62.95373418699312 63.13623093757022 63.50091322189537 63.86379603455496 64.22187892612 64.5814580524402 64.92152627755307 65.27000533696963 65.62628476690976 65.97146013998693 66.31963596249311 66.6675085480889 67.01118369645155 67.33774590917448 67.68292527221098 68.17367431206718 68.52064117689117
  • 30. 68.84931008814938 69.03359833047332 69.35386438734653 69.65821848634348 69.84431019029233 70.15196797562869 70.60669566249923 70.92665848246204 71.23971867275439 71.55787803109232 71.84362295969438 72.13956622438766 72.4070052195052 72.69094668648241 72.94937635339421 73.22070954883455 73.46473546250331 73.73277295152296 73.98610345038916 74.31446114481828 74.52307217932217 74.75208786592715 75.05523699720128 75.29595922453066 75.6270300913158 75.84042907703621 76.02533177309964 76.215924151192 76.47555080590794 76.6898595023595 76.93658262854691 77.15899892239177 77.39161355232783 77.60532375487733 77.78721802159303 77.98021235521235 78.10207369359155 78.28756690363833 78.44514635809278 78.57331183224041 78.73899888408818 78.88006788676431 79.0169394522073 79.14930236358808 79.30207790698861 79.45305796868297 79.57491930706217 79.67396605789463 79.81894522073094 79.94230678382463 80.04345225327368 80.14340073491858 80.28027230036159 80.38742664858736 80.4801692636514 80.58162594992953 80.68217292547649 80.78182615012972 80.8571645625217 81.01353904925333 81.06516912320484 81.1191931727646 81.25666323210965 81.35961216318358 81.3926330667402 81.53100485689771 81.58502890645748 81.66726994851995 81.75251144001144 81.82845632622418 81.89418691650835 81.98423231905375
  • 31. 82.02985351422851 82.089886442565 82.18412928234356 82.26307461798532 82.28678295642581 82.34141347980633 82.41644865528793 82.47467812199955 82.50499383311883 82.56201833210761 82.64246389246388 82.64186539856183 82.70129983299625 82.75952131978917 82.79793664838308 82.85617409501338 82.87778371483729 82.9210109344038 82.9525236333272 82.99334889736676 83.00624444597657 83.0425690358726 83.08578827552041 83.06567090049234 83.14942014718801 83.13591812475741 83.17793239668241 83.19563983626483 83.20975631243488 83.24336772997486 83.25597600151173 83.25536952769096 83.29168613766828 83.28688222661437 83.27698712743356 83.30249892749892 83.30880306326734 83.34812012267369 83.31930463626892 83.29739177953464 83.27458517190659 83.28057809084594 83.26647757 451329 83.18663848797777 83.23885907591265 83.15992970010827 83.11399728810444 83.05577580131151 82.92520837163694 82.91529731261875 82.7925422233458 82.67457508528936 82.51670037384322 82.35071806500378 82.16583132877776 81.96952532890033 81.77052211650427 81.5661244790709 81.35811193846908 81.16872452809953 80.95741628107698 80.6620635303671 80.43485130538702 80.23105216185574 80.04285375937162 79.82343791495578 79.57582103787462 79.3810232426304 79.21923837102408 79.21923837102408 0.0 0.0 0.000881963904315936 0.00135936977328512 0.00200534091439189
  • 32. 0.00292219676857215 0.0038235631394106 0.00464361338427241 0.00537523314398302 0.00600399873894019 0.00655201805006768 0.00708513500251689 0.00763256231230994 0.00807758221438489 0.00844220524820716 0.00879940676022351 0.00916376674308256 0.00952071010854042 0.00988480796235558 0.0103288269203868 0.0106926296289337 0.0110490277910393 0.0114125697137295 0.0118559109847331 0.0123063189487194 0.0127565241367001 0.0132065267311748 0.0136563269143967 0.014105924868373 0.0145480739340565 0.0150045137360359 0.0154462668365306 0.0158950598589811 0.0164376873986955 0.0168715768835642 0.0173269586954569 0.0176882248105944 0.0181287931475771 0.018576385228773 0.0190165625301812 0.0193700079674316 0.0197233285251417 0.0200909358672166 0.0204440018430185 0.0207969432072321 0.0210633661187807 0.0215096479987153 0.0217686853473828 0.0220420433846572 0.0223153267177355 0.0226676083477977 0.0229335334033601 0.0231922043637709 0.0234651736005845 0.0237237070954347 0.0239965313066868 0.024254927482005 0.0245276025452098 0.024785865823298 0.0250512282519606 0.0253236905728977 0.0255889103403696 0.0258468954314949 0.026033173292569 0.0262982092517985 0.026563172851676 0.0268280641311014 0.0270928852617184 0.0272646249649659 0.0274506432100981 0.0276223193567183 0.0278011185845539 0.0279798858489405 0.0281514732995731 0.0283301779485712 0.0285088506679234 0.02868034312783
  • 33. 0.0288589532987564 0.0290375358310483 0.029208941913698 0.0293874577048783 0.0295659373788457 0.0297443894577572 0.030008443763792 0.0301796792695182 0.0303580261199227 0.0305292060312375 0.0307074863109352 0.0308786042925384 0.0310568222978463 0.0312350085471565 0.0314131630517836 0.0315841624555408 0.031762254773222 0.0319403153796768 0.0321112246721564 0.0323746505833174 0.0325597186615912 0.0327376394611416 0.0329084125494679 0.0330862692054242 0.033256980652962 0.0334276650823817 0.0336054294179975 0.0337760543880723 0.0339537525723994 0.0341314234213229 0.0343090648263624 0.0344866746805378 0.0347494756613725 0.0349270052022763 0.0350974048466585 0.0352748726360775 0.0354452087892593 0.0356226169855476 0.0358070871136509 0.0359773368711195 0.0361475555349921 0.036324837070823 0.0365020871834814 0.0366793058841053 0.0368494093359716 0.0370265665007538 0.0372886988187083 0.0374657781841907 0.0376428261981228 0.0378127658447109 0.0379897524412593 0.0381667077190954 0.0383436316893008 0.0385134480759701 0.0386903107155534 0.0388600682456424 0.039036873812013 0.0392136439095422 0.0393833126306574 0.0396448321897088 0.0398214948605274 0.0399981263271591 0.0401676620096181 0.0403512956919421 0.0405278336121183 0.0407043403721582 0.0408666967241859 0.0410502020968199 0.0412195595237838 0.0413042295854322 0.0414876546933594 0.0415652473348065
  • 34. 0.0417486245761616 0.0418261969716936 0.0420870743295645 0.0421787214213678 0.0423478878491608 0.0425240736777676 0.0427002284703959 0.0427847732617776 0.0429608821409536 0.0431299163163221 0.043313006883594 0.043489022768889 0.0436579677015511 0.0437494709451465 0.043911333692819 0.0440942812589058 0.0442701596932927 0.0444460071998952 0.0446147905458609 0.044783549599568 0.0449663334900374 0.0451280035980051 0.0453037003328258 0.0454020766872176 0.0454863933693324 0.045746317734058 0.0458306053971282 0.0459148859563869 0.0460061787412954 0.0460904445050568 0.0461746989837715 0.0463502119299703 0.0465256982602376 0.0467011496177327 0.0467853526596807 0.0470449438375035 0.0471291221180599 0.0472203041242906 0.0473886199034282 0.0474797824317461 0.047563919938718 0.0476550664883703 0.047823309112201 0.0479074218995546 0.0480896357393565 0.0481667178226007 0.0482578094483638 0.0483418815222912 0.048432957194232 0.0486010690055751 0.0486921169015712 0.0487761566458854 0.0489442107760932 0.0491192425247052 0.0492032422103926 0.0493712245884586 0.0494622065647833 0.0495531760933299 0.049637143508632 0.0497280971253629 0.049819046639988 0.049993921175918 0.0500778474240782 0.0502526767121524 0.0503295922502911 0.0505043775353817 0.0506721456722407 0.0507630052047551 0.0508468710995171 0.050930725796311 0.0510215660031516 0.0511054060528507
  • 35. 0.0512800558015276 0.0514476938656503 0.0517130570976129 0.0517968433565957 0.0518806225960295 0.0520551370176058 0.0521388904610531 0.0522226410501408 0.052313359820913 0.0524877987465253 0.0525854709224913 0.0526691841201174 0.0528365853374648 0.0530109330240075 0.0530946106139061 0.0532619406354442 0.0534431856580773 0.0535268270874458 0.0536104573675873 0.053784674348472 0.0538752515305331 0.0539588568306107 0.0541260423123665 0.0543001653495092 0.05446729378394 0.0546413574166475 0.0548153907564797 0.0549893938139786 0.0551633665996806 0.0553303549897093 0.0555042684727143 0.0556781517150789 0.0558450500266124 0.05601887402802 0.0561926678198951 0.056449828704857 0.0566165982852186 0.0567902882363865 0.056880597739761 0.0570542418469093 0.0572209106683973 0.0573111771540217 0.0574778072993622 0.0577415753862401 0.0579150700669976 0.0580815954889358 0.0582550311931567 0.0584215041512446 0.0585948809182945 0.0587682276310518 0.0589346110529683 0.059114830935354 0.0592811567030145 0.0594474589407619 0.0596137293976125 0.0597938269419364 0.0600500594062721 0.0602162338335461 0.0603892997421275 0.060652301087914 0.0609013982053642 0.06124726306144 0.0615031275476401 0.0617589265839508 0.0620906722776462 0.0625259272111193 0.0629540832298901 0.0635476777113838 0.0641478172917566 0.0649129885250604 0.0657601991228566 0.0663590127464322
  • 36. 0.0672049996601927 0.0680502673906357 0.0686477116682431 0.0694986258395137 0.0703419578797509 0.071191432225117 0.0720333425535046 0.0728813819339172 0.073728694610487 0.0745752980915326 0.0755030046634074 0.0763412943663827 0.0771856898305378 0.0780293647850648 0.0788655402233738 0.0797078078099281 0.0805493665787673 0.0813902177219118 0.0822303543549309 0.0830630258561826 0.0838950045924107 0.0847330484291969 0.0855636394780739 0.086400278636207 0.0873170846992754 0.0881387994332016 0.088973295800092 0.0898070963634013 0.0907207857737395 0.0915531311569702 0.0923847763256119 0.0932090387795704 0.0941129409548598 0.0949424608740467 0.095771301225082 0.0965927781592099 0.097413580822844 0.0982403684387075 0.0990664809801362 0.0998786014550746 0.10071001191659 0.10152744346923 0.102357476851529 0.103246518399521 0.10406849942822 0.104883191368247 0.10569722012557 0.106530419994934 0.107336503851105 0.108161731480293 0.108966501963147 0.109790393976022 0.11060702366046 0.111409829437173 0.112231703860485 0.113039775050003 0.113847193787666 0.114660518623907 0.115473174690923 0.116285178687406 0.117083440739592 0.11789413877523 0.118691117999593 0.119493988432444 0.120302735384361 0.121104305691767 0.121911751877756 0.122705536839393 0.123596168592519 0.124401606047165 0. 125199906588108 0.125997570353603
  • 37. 0.126801069004252 0.127603930278427 0.127688062219571 0.128483744528973 0.129285256524908 0.130079669493679 0.130879896177972 0.131679490695442 0.132472004681235 0.133283200737693 0.134061582403755 0.13493573589974 0.135809125918738 0.136617612873603 0.137393412061705 0.138187809759917 0.138981576891314 0.139768327216519 0.140560856504601 0.141346365799152 0.141914352613173 0.142456521671623 0.143004763583809 0.14347625344346 0.14387112999997 0.14426585069053 0.144736761643546 0.145048456198802 0.14536640525455 0.145601629461612 0.145836798351259 0.146071911949501 0.146306970282333 0.146465765071951 0.146465765071951 0.1446729334564 16 0.151576404758952 0.246341255096847 0.434308634378204 0.627973984463319 0.826928543611646 1.027738268783819 1.233332690204694 1.450905555986339 1.658660007427801 1.860481898701814 2.072771576286466 2.311935367330602 2.525379856557796 2.717604447788794 2.924179495572964 3.14213175108275 3.362338864709252 3.595157223125074 3.856957341408079 4.068601882041253 4.258213185143795 4.457099373623172 4.686266997952333 4.90382023199801 5.122783892152303 5.330384744292322 5.543039780722227 5.757405458524856 5.961258815311892 6.184880030637103 6.39976997492269 6.614895178442826 6.896150086297957 7.115265880324463 7.353052143187304 7.54695628164153
  • 38. 7.790517213513875 8.045661042748163 8.287204396004998 8.48629438981188 8.695318155133066 8.922072474484881 9.162645313456344 9.389288364519202 9.590121358025872 9.900160678638751 10.09690168808425 10.31261039945892 10.51799888362797 10.81461412113183 11.04659735024581 11.27217036432011 11.52137797718155 11.75303019501896 12.01479556815238 12.23870027825102 12.49581152142491 12.75564728682917 13.02678775061845 13.3114042096163 13.5772918457914 13.83921611918739 14.03988295250585 14.33018334241432 14.61323881924753 14.90538197742883 15.19952877746341 15.39121786152523 15.5998531238014 15.79969953265479 16.00374128513073 16.21927412036218 16.42303560152035 16.63501144278915 16.83748935122171 17.04671225006198 17.2774455009187 17.4921936032991 17.71832396673026 17.94156693597628 18.1806593219077 18.40282706011393 18.744507820319 18.98220428824223 19.21516631342353 19.44033573933805 19.68645987118163 19.91333357080172 20.16334010674453 20.39856960990023 20.64503126497976 20.88523715890514 21.14829035926509 21.39439372837018 21.63980717488517 22.02529365051451 22.29759141859268 22.56579793417573 22.82308306794469 23.1010913498594 23.3663075547969 23.62261509773347 23.89035260462584 24.1564582628733 24.43742254706205 24.73556689526908 25.02076939616191 25.30606958948696 25.72448494709646
  • 39. 26.01749376133774 26.30233301506033 26.60829206215189 26.8911534074663 27.18611937027054 27.49694273140516 27.7741886439135 28.07642271035599 28.38269345522971 28.70432890036685 29.01050555827289 29.32592461860102 29.63449623832052 30.1021201 7772334 30.42186480848883 30.74701969838463 31.07362594681978 31.41147801746783 31.73229494019963 32.06569849892332 32.3784028549885 32.71609059607163 33.05116272566097 33.3968844508341 33.73211171406812 34.07876670749866 34.58422135872699 34.91610782407052 35.27497582611425 35.62652698506859 35.99402029153954 36.32981978657407 36.6854295411369 36.99968246487034 37.39425641957488 37.73526444577062 37.93834489854303 38.27444151985174 38.46921331412151 38.80047851017026 38.99909722040012 39.50421267295995 39.72730013793734 40.09788676426345 40.47357790077052 40.82746701884362 41.0314168352157 41.38800013378496 41.73438532828376 42.13069353020207 42.51586791465623 42.88582255932593 43.08667430612586 43.46184018923482 43.84777892542809 44.20248655113159 44.6103459243914 45.00202557284227 45.39665582549067 45.78986497980832 46.1486436065256 46.51572505343145 46.72760432975493 46.92315196592704 47.48834836364563 47.72267940050092 47.91996622826542 48.11731004799566 48.31812287540684 48.51393772714255 48.90192481040383 49.28406791943998
  • 40. 49.67672263321989 49.87370726719438 50.48662308959226 50.69223562904886 50.90012956875616 51.28887711674671 51.48837956885411 51.69039183428917 51.89940909634815 52.27935378978731 52.47897940334853 52.9033183010022 53.10771182702428 53.32075542188238 53.51897677045082 53.72138901733527 54.10947842094124 54.31986955554103 54.53496043531923 54.930566635817 55.31030415119412 55.52682334264583 55.93159381875683 56.1435631423973 56.36976620434321 56.57952929276917 56.78309420744022 57.00247241456967 57.38951064833617 57.58997959136602 57.9961502420648 58.19409729261682 58.58121651273456 58.99047354517476 59.18940358696344 59.39143836206281 59.59981618993906 59.80264203394357 60.00382024114153 60.41049852648884 60.79477022605883 61.42252431550152 61.62523554113204 61.82355471858729 62.221993630257 62.42136108627533 62.62961886160591 62.83202156480171 63.23301131450345 63.45462973900968 63.6921660835768 64.03730030783362 64.4402846761926 64.65015041948701 65.0443351067147 65.44652638659624 65.64832887681509 65.85966522844613 66.2344331822693 66.43840847577917 66.63657789630001 67.03268455062087 67.42748970838148 67.81688733467256 68.20846653955405 68.5795676881579 68.95968015552029 69.3481634948102 69.7245570984288 70.104731638969 70.48471358575116 70.8598920727258 71.21758825165877 71.59509773905356
  • 41. 72.13276013353629 72.51196837072793 72.87243835643295 73.0740942521203 73.42585415297209 73.76037039541536 73.96409716262795 74.30228220062514 74.80364059114388 75.15566035322868 75.49995837239217 75.85029813631478 76.16586205850288 76.49287072910973 76.78975858606411 77.10371457543479 77.39177872322568 77.6925565113925 77.96445053276375 78.26191688099498 78.54495305745878 78.91376105754331 79.14843431997309 79.40540531408953 79.74839665649843 80.02410239330436 80.40376659103927 80.65127739066766 80.868592634 07211 81.09822639305344 81.40991078016178 81.67300842004008 81.98441416105232 82.270782392691 82.58197292213028 82.88020310069415 83.12422184355502 83.40098387954107 83.60195254825835 83.85058911868786 84.0908896785374 84.2993416642384 84.54889477958235 84.77171295288156 84.99085265375834 85.20538761838961 85.44215775393458 85.6842806786925 85.88766774944262 86.06721605862921 86.29660431330983 86.50227805874957 86.68470438364075 86.86601775677525 87.08756733355453 87.27710163798368 87.45058013799847 87.63370307381022 87.8166127302445 87.99813805790095 88.15392870220187 88.40542832592172 88.53448947692334 88.66745308893997 88.89180208236466 89.08578399102366 89.19615178256093 89.42212653252838 89.55516594165094 89.72650854970831 89.89470052249838 90.05281766944617 90.19922082060547 90.37254547781978
  • 42. 90.49762585299882 90.63870270535128 90.81648395197245 90.97933118190312 91.07997278052831 91.21612215086234 91.38044948666831 91.5202092304804 91.62846843662388 91.76646890343899 91.93244916316357 92.00591799330482 92.14809866278543 92.28721081594107 92.40615004407167 92.54669112835048 92.64517435472037 92.76970975764947 92.87998861126707 93.00075994827678 93.09089280729418 93.20734531323923 93.33160965745888 93.38352626494484 93.5534911728486 93.61287750596959 93.73541369213047 93.83122371277448 93.9224000562352 94.03623725141099 94.12516573596331 94.20834767883402 94.32538466927616 94.39527010621092 94.45937202383116 94.56426127210384 94.64737588813391 94.70001107543867 94.74262601046024 94.79365664904528 94.84301699750691 94.92577419963509 94.9856216215489 94.96978083421758 95.10651706278068 95.09032221156687 95.12091413432528 95.13733750897062 95.06460475042491 95.12701365503104 95.06166604969504 95.0015964472045 94.89481131630164 94.77901583072274 94.64053798335999 94.46806949596815 94.28982985683208 94.10571689730527 93.90999265955348 93.72839051072107 93.52129292596535 93.22399389940595 92.99037678866712 92.78426147677426 92.58839341509658 92.35630414117699 92.09145900427836 91.8876199397024 91.71490831746902 91.71490831746902 Strain
  • 43. Stress PSI HDPE Stress vs Strain 0.0 3.33333324912625E-5 0.0027666666234533 0.00491666669646899 0.00705000013113022 0.00916666661699613 0.0112333334982395 0.0133333330353101 0.0154166668653488 0.0175166664024194 0.0195166667302449 0.021566666662693 0.0236500004927317 0.0257000004251798 0.0298000002900759 0.0318666671713193 0.033950001001358 0.0360000009338061 0.0380333339174588 0.0401000007987022 0.0421666651964188 0.0442166676123937 0.0462999989589055 0.0483166674772898 0.0503833343585332 0.0524666657050451 0.0545166581869125 0.0586166580518087 0.060699999332428 0.0627500017484029 0.0647833247979482 0.0668499916791916 0.0689500023921331 0.0709999998410543 0.0730166683594386 0.075083335240682 0.0771666665871938 0.0791999995708465 0.0812500019868215 0.0833166688680649 0.0874333282311757 0.0894833306471507 0.0915666619936625 0.0936333338419596 0.0956666668256124 0.0977166593074798 0.099783331155777 0.101849993069967 0.103883326053619 0.105949997901916 0.108016659816106 0.110083331664403 0.114183326562246 0.116249998410543 0.118316660324732 0.120366662740707 0.122433334589005 0.124466667572657 0.126533329486847 0.128600001335144 0.130649993817011 0.132716665665309 0.134783327579498
  • 44. 0.136849999427795 0.138866662979126 0.143016666173935 0.147099991639455 0.149166663487752 0.151249994834264 0.153316666682561 0.155349999666214 0.157416661580404 0.159499992926915 0.161516666412353 0.163583328326543 0.16565000017484 0.169766664505005 0.173883338769277 0.177983323733012 0.180033326148987 0.184166669845581 0.188283324241638 0.19239999850591 0.198566655317942 0.202683329582214 0.206800003846486 0.210916658242544 0.219166656335195 0.227416654427846 0.237683335940043 0.247949997584025 0.254133323828379 0.264416654904683 0.27471665541331 0.287083327770233 0.297366658846537 0.305583318074544 0.315849999586741 0.324116667111715 0.334433317184448 0.338533322016398 0.348849972089132 0.357083320617676 0.36121666431427 0.369449973106384 0.373600006103516 0.383900006612142 0.392150004704793 0.396299997965495 0.404549996058146 0.408650000890096 0.412799994150798 0.416899998982747 0.425149997075399 0.429283340771993 0.433383305867513 0.439583341280619 0.443683306376139 0.447800000508626 0.451916654904683 0.456049998601278 0.460150003433228 0.464283307393392 0.468383312225342 0.472533305486043 0.474566658337911 0.478700002034505 0.482800006866455 0.488983313242594 0.49316664536794 0.495216647783915 0.499316652615865 0.501416643460592 0.505499998728434 0.509649991989136
  • 45. 0.511683305104574 0.517866651217143 0.519933303197225 0.524033308029175 0.528183301289876 0.530233303705851 0.532283306121826 0.536433339118958 0.53849999109904 0.544666647911072 0.548799991607666 0.550849994023641 0.552916646003723 0.554983337720235 0.559099992116292 0.563233335812887 0.565266648928324 0.567333300908407 0.571483333905538 0.575583299001058 0.57764999071757 0.581783334414164 0.583833336830139 0.587999979654948 0.592099984486898 0.596233328183492 0.600333333015442 0.604466636975606 0.608616669972738 0.612716635 068258 0.61478332678477 0.618899981180827 0.620983322461446 0.625099976857503 0.62921663125356 0.631266633669535 0.635383327802022 0.637466669082642 0.641566634178162 0.6457333167394 0.647783319155375 0.651899973551432 0.656016667683919 0.660133322079976 0.664266665776571 0.666316668192545 0.670466661453247 0.672533353169759 0.67454997698466 0.678716659545898 0.680733283360799 0.684883276621501 0.686949968338013 0.688999970753988 0.693133354187012 0.695199966430664 0.697266658147176 0.699316660563151 0.703433354695638 0.705516656239827 0.707583347956339 0.709633350372314 0.713766654332479 0.715799967447917 0.719933350880941 0.721983353296916 0.724033276240031 0.726099967956543 0.730233351389567 0.732316652933756 0.734349966049194 0.736433347066243
  • 46. 0.738499959309896 0.740566651026408 0.744666655858358 0.748799959818522 0.752916653951009 0.757016658782959 0.76116665204366 0.76526665687561 0.769416650136312 0.773533344268799 0.777649958928426 0.7858833471934 0.790033340454101 0.796199957529704 0.802366654078166 0.812716643015544 0.823033332824707 0.833299954732259 0.84363333384196 0.8539666334788 0.86424994468689 0.874566634496053 0.884866635004679 0.897250016530355 0.907566626866659 0.917849938074748 0.928166627883911 0.938483317693075 0.948766628901164 0.959100008010864 0.969383319218953 0.979700009028117 0.99001661936442 1.000316619873047 1.012683312098185 1.022950013478597 1.033233324686686 1.043516635894775 1.053816636403402 1.064116636912028 1.074399948120117 1.08466664950053 1.094983339309692 1.105266650517781 1.115566651026408 1.12791665395101 1.138183275858561 1.148499965667725 1.158766667048136 1.169049978256226 1.179349978764852 1.189649979273478 1.199933290481567 1.212266604105632 1.222566604614258 1.232883294423421 1.243149995803833 1.253433307011922 1.263716618220011 1.273999929428101 1.284316619237264 1.294599930445353 1.304883321126302 1.315199931462606 1.325466632843018 1.335749944051107 1.34606663386027 1.356383323669434 1.366666634877523 1.376933256785075 1.387233257293701 1.397533257802327
  • 47. 1.407833258310954 1.418116569519043 1.428416570027669 1.440783341725667 1.451083342234294 1.461366653442383 1.471649964650472 1.481933275858561 1.492249965667725 1.502516587575277 1.512816588083903 1.523116588592529 1.533433278401693 1.543733278910319 1.554016590118408 1.564299901326497 1.574616591135661 1.584866682688395 1.595183372497559 1.605483214060465 1.615783214569092 1.626083215077718 1.636349995930989 1.646616617838542 1.656949996948242 1.669283231099446 1.679583231608073 1.689883232116699 1.700166702270508 1.710466702779134 1.720750013987223 1.731033325195312 1.741366545359294 1.751650015513102 1.761916637420654 1.772199948628743 1.782516638437907 1.79283332824707 1.803116639455159 1.813349882761637 1.823666572570801 1.833983262379964 1.844233353932698 1.854549884796143 1.864866574605306 1.875149885813395 1.8854498 86322021 1.897799968719482 1.908116658528646 1.918366591135661 1.928666591644287 1.93898328145345 1.94926659266154 1.959583282470703 1.969866593678792 1.980133215586344 1.990483283996582 2.000783284505208 2.011083285013834 2.021366596221924 2.031733353932699 2.042016665140788 2.052299976348877 2.062633355458578 2.074983278910318 2.085283279418945 2.095599969228109 2.105916659037272 2.116233348846435 2.126533349355062 2.136849880218506 2.147133350372314 2.159549872080485
  • 48. 2.169833342234293 2.180116653442382 2.190433343251546 2.20074987411499 2.211049874623617 2.221383253733316 2.231666564941406 2.241999944051107 2.252299944559733 2.262566566467285 2.274949868520101 2.285249869028727 2.295549869537353 2.305866559346517 2.316149870554606 2.326483249664307 2.33679993947347 2.34708325068156 2.359466552734375 2.369749863942464 2.380066553751627 2.390349864959717 2.400649865468343 2.410966555277506 2.42128324508667 2.431566556294759 2.441883246103922 2.452183246612549 2.462499936421712 2.472799936930338 2.483099937438965 2.493433316548665 2.505783240000406 2.516083240509033 2.526399930318197 2.536683241526286 2.546999931335449 2.557283242543538 2.567599932352702 2.577916622161865 2.588233311971029 2.598499933878581 2.608833312988281 2.619133313496908 2.629433314005534 2.639750003814697 2.649999936421712 2.660316626230875 2.670633316040039 2.682933171590169 2.693233172098795 2.701483408610026 2.71179993947347 2.722083409627279 2.730316480000814 2.742633183797201 2.752933184305827 2.761183420817057 2.771499951680501 2.779699961344401 2.790016492207845 2.798216501871745 2.806449890136719 2.816716512044271 2.822933197021484 2.833183288574219 2.839399973551432 2.845583279927572 2.851733207702636 2.857899983723958 2.862033208211263 2.868183135986328
  • 49. 2.878483136494955 2.884666442871094 2.888766606648763 2.89496644337972 2.901133219401041 2.909350077311198 2.915533383687337 2.921733220418294 2.925816535949707 2.929950078328451 2.938183148701986 2.942299842834472 2.948466618855794 2.954633394877116 2.95876661936442 2.964933395385742 2.969033241271972 2.975233395894369 2.981416702270508 2.987616539001465 2.995833396911621 3.004116694132487 3.008183161417643 3.01438331604004 3.022599856058756 3.026783307393392 3.032949765523275 3.037049929300944 3.041183153788249 3.051483154296875 3.057699839274088 3.063883145650228 3.067999839782715 3.074216524759928 3.08448314666748 3.09066645304362 3.09689998626709 3.100966453552246 3.105133374532064 3.105133374532064 0.0883783606536421 0.0985095356611049 0.28625964749036 0.470776409166094 0.661975427825771 0.832912074084327 1.002771004116962 1.145685192833556 1.267690495821694 1.3819356688966 1.493163093267277 1.588223744484156 1.678326390656542 1.755926973430604 1.896470016315088 1.954454919104928 2.00985305222717 2.057060165944333 2.104266921482366 2.14824057311503 2.18359195767164 2.227996677885715 2.268521422687957 2.303010490992178 2.347415211206254 2.39376000867103 2.437086967886793 2.531501016231554 2.576336805027042 2.621819286239429 2.668595152285616 2.712999872499691
  • 50. 2.757188968878279 2.810647203839386 2.853327470638251 2.904630183602736 2.952052562976257 2.996888351771745 3.047544193229765 3.091733468697917 3.181189780632533 3.230120989585778 3.271723495386331 3.315050275512531 3.355575020314773 3.397177884294455 3.439426903422345 3.478011750063451 3.518536494865693 3.561432027320918 3.594843692805956 3.630841411600336 3.700250795879754 3.731506581189041 3.766426897164238 3.79854481963635 3.832602998448723 3.863427536087033 3.894467697560833 3.925292593378272 3.953961250840832 3.981768129319697 4.013023914628984 4.035872877608139 4.059799959764735 4.111533204041938 4.159602992190616 4.180727322664997 4.20379190947964 4.221467333123597 4.24086774745146 4.261561188433993 4.286134783917923 4.301439061729772 4.320839476057633 4.334850369035681 4.360502083697051 4.392188400319057 4.415037721477342 4.429048614455388 4.451897935613673 4.470651120255942 4.491560543253092 4.510098104059873 4.524540602888026 4.53898274353705 4.554072113871666 4.569160767848025 4.584896293330848 4.59438123483842 4.597398893997866 4.600847800828288 4.59567461967222 4.595458995836731 4.581663010335914 4.567652117357866 4.554287737707154 4.544587172364094 4.53143841654887 4.521307319893092 4.504709299068316 4.489189397420981 4.474531632936469 4.460304399764676
  • 51. 4.444784498117341 4.429695485961853 4.410079805977631 4.391541886991722 4.377099746342698 4.356406305360165 4.342825943694836 4.3285994268813 4.314803441380484 4.291092341238504 4.271476661254283 4.258327905439058 4.237418840621038 4.222760717957398 4.20379190947964 4.186978264819377 4.172751748005841 4.15335133367798 4.131580489876264 4.112180075548402 4.093426890906133 4.078984750257109 4.065835278083627 4.0416932884498 4.006988596310092 3.98629479714843 3.97271479366223 3.948572445849275 3.933267809858299 3.908263324882522 3.888000773391836 3.869462854405926 3.835836281443657 3.814927216625636 3.789060236307906 3.762762366498328 3.747457730507352 3.732153094516377 3.704130950381152 3.686239544722577 3.649810220078093 3.625021358937803 3.610147970617803 3.592472188794717 3.577598800474717 3.554102965989097 3.527374206687672 3.512285194532184 3.495687173707409 3.469820193389679 3.446324717083189 3.429726696258413 3.411835648778967 3.397608773786302 3.369370647636462 3.346090795165459 3.323888345513639 3.302117143532795 3.2768966765424 3.252539063073086 3.228827604751978 3.215247601265778 3.194338536447757 3.180974156797045 3.151873893484381 3.133335974498471 3.11760009083652 3.092811229696228 3.079231226210028 3.052717732564963 3.030084035242167 3.016504031755966 2.994086137358222
  • 52. 2.967357198967233 2.936532482239358 2.91476110116895 2.897947635598251 2.866907653214016 2.852034 085804452 2.837376142230375 2.809785066676563 2.795558191683899 2.763440269211788 2.750291334307 2.726580055075456 2.698126484179692 2.681959531936328 2.666224185543069 2.645099496889561 2.615999233576896 2.600479152839997 2.581510165272675 2.565990084535775 2.539907659472122 2.525680784479457 2.496365076420869 2.476965020272136 2.46101369186426 2.440751498552704 2.412513551492427 2.399364437498074 2.382766595762863 2.369617839947639 2.355606409700898 2.342026406214698 2.315297288734144 2.2941727791702 2.273694962023155 2.252570273369646 2.233601285802324 2.217003444067114 2.19458554966937 2.180574119422629 2.16203620043672 2.140480622291363 2.126900439715598 2.109655905563488 2.094136003916152 2.077753606926865 2.063526731934201 2.056628918273357 2.047144514034478 2.038522246958423 2.03205550187899 2.025804201545481 2.029253287465468 2.023433234802935 2.020415396553925 2.020199772718436 2.018690943138714 2.01847549839279 2.014595343891392 2.019122011720125 2.010284299898146 2.016319797306603 2.018044250721814 2.018044250721814 2.019553259391101 2.019768704137025 2.024295371965758 2.022786542386035 2.022355473804624 2.024295371965758 2.02300198713196 2.026019825380969 2.026235449216457 2.030546493209703
  • 53. 2.031408809462091 2.031408809462091 2.032917639041814 2.029899979882368 2.037659930706035 2.041755529953357 2.039168939375323 2.040246700373634 2.043048914787156 2.048006651197301 2.051671181863211 2.056197849691945 2.054688841022657 2.053826703859834 2.055766781110533 2.059431132686879 2.062880039517301 2.06115558610209 2.064604492932512 2.065682253930824 2.067406707346034 2.058568995524056 2.066544570183211 2.064820116768 2.069562229342657 2.071718109518409 2.074304700096443 2.077537983091377 2.076244777347142 2.080124752758976 2.087238011165744 2.089177909326879 2.094998141078976 2.096291525912775 2.096938218329675 2.104698169153342 2.110733845651363 2.114829444898685 2.120649318471654 2.118278351729107 2.126900439715598 2.124098225302076 2.134445124882906 2.131427286633896 2.129702654129121 2.137678407877841 2.13466056962883 2.12991827796461 2.130996218052484 2.128193824549397 2.123667156720664 2.118278351729107 2.122589395722353 2.11741603547672 2.114613821063197 2.113751683900374 2.107069135895889 2.106206998733065 2.113967128646298 2.114398376317274 2.113967128646298 2.110733845651363 2.110949469486851 2.109871350309411 2.113751683900374 2.107931452148276 2.109871350309411 2.105991374897577 2.106853691149965 2.103404784319543 2.111811606649675 2.109871350309411
  • 54. 2.112458299066574 2.109871350309411 2.115691582061509 2.106638067314477 2.1087935893111 2.109440281728 2.115260513480097 2.114182752481785 2.112673922902063 2.113536060064886 2.112889367647986 2.112027230485163 2.113967128646298 2.115260513480097 2.111380538068263 2.104698169153342 2.104913613899266 2.096938218329675 2.097800355492498 2.099955877489121 2.095429 209660387 2.094567072497564 2.088746840745467 2.084651241498145 2.086375694913356 2.084651241498145 2.072580246681232 2.072580246681232 2.074520323931931 2.066544570183211 2.069346784596734 2.066328946347723 2.063957800515612 2.062448970935889 2.058568995524056 2.055120088693633 2.053611080024346 2.055120088693633 2.053611080024346 2.054904464858146 2.058137926942644 2.054473396276734 2.051455558027723 2.056413473527433 2.053180011442934 2.054257772441246 2.053180011442934 2.049300036031101 2.043048914787156 2.044773368202367 2.041755529953357 2.033564331458713 2.03205550187899 2.03033104846378 2.02903766362998 2.026882141633357 2.02537313296407 2.016966489723502 2.012008574223793 2.013948651474492 2.012439821894769 2.008775291228859 2.009637607481246 2.002955238566326 2.001230785151115 1.997350809739281 1.996919741157869 1.986788644502091 1.986572841577038 1.980968412749994 1.97708843733816 1.976010676339849 1.974070599089149
  • 55. 1.971699453257039 1.960706040348873 1.960490595602949 1.960490595602949 1.947772729279572 1.935917000119018 1.92945043412915 1.914145798138174 1.901859000396209 1.888063552164085 1.872974360919033 1.853574304770299 1.84107206228241 1.826414118708334 1.817576227796791 1.802702839476791 1.786967134904403 1.772740439001303 1.752909135181594 1.740406892693705 1.722300221378771 1.703762302392861 1.688026597820473 1.670997687503851 1.655693051512875 1.637801824943865 1.622497188952889 1.604821586219367 1.582834760403035 1.566021294832336 1.551578975093748 1.535196757194025 1.519029804950661 1.495749773390094 1.479151842110101 1.466002907205312 1.452422724629548 1.437549336309548 1.419442575449832 1.403706960422226 1.387971255849838 1.370942255988434 1.353051029419424 1.337315414391818 1.322010778400842 1.305413026210414 1.291186151217749 1.27437268564705 1.249799269252684 1.225441387149023 1.211430135991847 1.197203350543965 1.175216524727632 1.161420897405944 1.143960739418345 1.130811804513557 1.111627282655529 1.089209388257785 1.07325805984991 1.055582457116388 1.042002364085405 1.024326671807101 0.998244246743447 0.979490793466831 0.962677417440914 0.947157336704015 0.938103911501766 0.938103911501766 0.0 3.33327769481544E-5 0.00276284644583386 0.00490461936311176 0.00702526506696543
  • 56. 0.00912490772778114 0.0111707081652462 0.0132452264559187 0.0152990374848349 0.0173650179571437 0.0193286588440579 0.0213373966434671 0.0233746717977985 0.0253753067457546 0.0293646089115858 0.0313694602351249 0.0333864199861117 0.0353671447386486 0.0373278978287009 0.0393168631448595 0.041301877946345 0.0432670039550218 0.0452601304098397 0.047185703879985 0.0491551778852796 0.051136614533696 0.0530825180493876 0.0569630162444566 0.0589290668999182 0.060859889901931 0.0627713275685024 0.0647103735693382 0.0666768605021142 0.0685927913172029 0.0704739978796648 0.0723981797291394 0.0743341369789238 0.0762200255137502 0.0781177811014747 0.0800273249718985 0.0838201747276967 0.0857035752828761 0.0876139688888479 0.0895054867988064 0.0913630061590402 0.0932322581537553 0.09511318872629 0.0969905790241757 0.0988342593476238 0.100704692224545 0.102571624147167 0.104435086077898 0.10812169399992 0.109974851784646 0.111824572843861 0.11365600917776 0.115498948749455 0.117308849979374 0.119145067213998 0.120977927735912 0.12279268311834 0.124618876337188 0.126441731898472 0.128261279440686 0.130033612624807 0.133670965785929 0.137237011016666 0.139037039250932 0.140848304100312 0.142641849443838 0.144403328083474 0.146190505751585 0.147988871613333 0.149726622167441 0.151504319869151 0.153278871491218 0.156804296873445
  • 57. 0.160317345743671 0.163803928705603 0.165542680577903 0.169039295005525 0.172509680925498 0.175968081568769 0.181126388963618 0.184555168410413 0.187972231490113 0.191377641593743 0.198167556769825 0.204911679748203 0.213241354742123 0.221502203106129 0.226444755401689 0.234610873452804 0.242723922865027 0.252378672260291 0.260336563028606 0.266649927936015 0.27448284432973 0.280745570786591 0.288506720224657 0.291574478712397 0.299252356874172 0.305337779570354 0.308378905939842 0.314409179741177 0.317435035044573 0.324905605027652 0.33084931810689 0.333825879508943 0.339716963979613 0.342631799568474 0.34557354672741 0.348471385870102 0.354277069286595 0.3571731 58349714 0.360037597982382 0.364353725386279 0.367197699503132 0.370045163228214 0.372884514551763 0.37572728888358 0.378539172520192 0.381365912796411 0.384162007978676 0.386984254614499 0.388364155669417 0.391163324773179 0.393932196925176 0.398093546951766 0.400899130123254 0.402271111249128 0.405009439384182 0.406409091389444 0.409125068095038 0.411877830573916 0.41322380152281 0.41730583006684 0.418666454419943 0.421360312687811 0.424079645126658 0.425420209861779 0.426758979888744 0.42946371675884 0.43080790999448 0.434808125199911 0.437480432121571 0.438803163865073 0.440134869837328 0.441464830281335
  • 58. 0.444108726643793 0.446756327445482 0.448056192180437 0.44937564076181 0.452019971984829 0.454625552287592 0.455936392192259 0.458552903211392 0.459848071208935 0.462475350013198 0.465053889776023 0.467646683945773 0.470211940682053 0.472791387942805 0.475374598465802 0.477920107993148 0.479200784692395 0.481746894640656 0.483032954274608 0.485569338109166 0.488099304973236 0.489356788922417 0.491877228124876 0.493150333561417 0.495651050603886 0.498186070136525 0.499430941747844 0.50192612456796 0.504415120938937 0.506897913649425 0.509384585434759 0.510615602628623 0.513103025389095 0.514339454925895 0.515544458721737 0.5180296083727 0.519230176377223 0.521696289370189 0.522922145944447 0.524136620510084 0.526580868027116 0.527800708169371 0.52901910893842 0.530226205878218 0.532645834779839 0.533868089020506 0.535079124130263 0.536278932537438 0.538693669911341 0.539879425184771 0.542285540586756 0.543476738883851 0.544666473818584 0.545864509846427 0.548256284609779 0.549459618449276 0.550632683858838 0.551833208973385 0.553022649060484 0.554210721719668 0.556563509244788 0.558929815463537 0.561281060000484 0.563617290539044 0.565976459927816 0.56830175935655 0.570649916069394 0.572973796446844 0.575292244216009 0.579913165199905 0.582234245631215 0.585673298610187
  • 59. 0.589100609120417 0.594826627784878 0.600501780128765 0.606117596894898 0.611738262543654 0.617327469936839 0.622858797771331 0.628377504439348 0.63385706773638 0.640405478014682 0.645828412461185 0.651204734649001 0.656569617704898 0.661905872310581 0.667196674465008 0.672485188200903 0.677720457814458 0.682945322635694 0.688142990140935 0.693305477966773 0.699468812919297 0.70455684877435 0.709627296721237 0.714672164872237 0.719699836052786 0.724702356154476 0.729671930232732 0.734608962133064 0.739545600745673 0.744442133942066 0.749322696721107 0.75514340433597 0.759956531968395 0.764769908253264 0.76953707114293 0.774289273652221 0.779026657459521 0.78374170423898 0.788427037396155 0.79401760266575 0.798662656287256 0.803293707463288 0.807881126152754 0.812454967419701 0.817007983875953 0.821540364294087 0.826066907071189 0.830558506070586 0.83503005526556 0.839496047291853 0.84392072119938 0.848333014737639 0.852740153007917 0.857127953603107 0.861 482481947127 0.865811109222829 0.870135062437342 0.874440399546741 0.878727280161559 0.882988960095529 0.887239427685086 0.892319029473101 0.896530107327439 0.900716745863231 0.90488592950872 0.909037803205327 0.913185903145062 0.91729686058698 0.921404270654728 0.925494878893489 0.929575409846634 0.933632796785814 0.937667253328643
  • 60. 0.941685498414393 0.945700626383148 0.949673933202351 0.953657177896837 0.957618152844159 0.961563561112611 0.965493464288544 0.969395383217507 0.973282076275565 0.977178847235984 0.98180998360052 0.985661271835737 0.989497784536531 0.99331351268602 0.997120835111951 1.000907582734978 1.004680044978565 1.008456535253154 1.012200737388193 1.015924872569506 1.019641210266253 1.023355783821889 1.027056610369348 1.030731883680477 1.034375902420667 1.038036243457304 1.04168323524539 1.045293559887452 1.048914172113282 1.052521778263856 1.056104807086337 1.059680827602377 1.063951817609911 1.067505675279508 1.07102407316776 1.074547231268913 1.078063698905272 1.081556526785374 1.085048475476033 1.088517033852498 1.091968002735048 1.09543500778499 1.098873349423854 1.102299909367419 1.105709244337877 1.109134519959234 1.112520672172124 1.115895397042046 1.119275119562341 1.123299463490955 1.126643477912848 1.129981738473641 1.133308892118362 1.136625012510889 1.139924834641943 1.14321907349494 1.146491990992061 1.15042957190834 1.15367901307949 1.156917879591711 1.160156751850236 1.163385118014303 1.166597947413912 1.169810849217184 1.172997968548859 1.17619040605596 1.179362421306738 1.18251417595554 1.18630256164795 1.189442712675154 1.192573034012543 1.195698635410145
  • 61. 1.198804432438284 1.201915664763802 1.205012245761504 1.208089295144104 1.211782197303614 1.21483851726009 1.217895399760134 1.220933121069955 1.223966550260239 1.226995698427286 1.230015698559495 1.233016878863949 1.236018776849112 1.239006855998984 1.241990853151496 1.244961166842206 1.24792268389183 1.250885010964636 1.254413959145788 1.257347654317725 1.260277500776364 1.263189350523507 1.266102156432998 1.268997119411887 1.271893081848345 1.2747806818977 1.277659967715426 1.280517073591005 1.283384538112527 1.28623458101198 1.289076524245831 1.291914999019364 1.294727150175691 1.297549653570656 1.30036421285722 1.303709492196531 1.306502272815453 1.308733660548684 1.31151691785555 1.314283567863448 1.31649307724161 1.319789423531409 1.322537716718578 1.324733647460697 1.327472787499803 1.329644631175396 1.332370370590895 1.334531614944392 1.336696967389215 1.339390501171122 1.341017980593905 1.343695603823949 1.345316097502608 1.346925289743241 1.348523230816226 1.350122989762829 1.351193782677604 1.352784922898971 1.355444132994243 1.35703712244279 1.358092039654217 1.359685063978724 1.361267080005772 1.363371139544571 1.364951561206818 1.366533704149609 1.367574364235035 1.368626723085083 1.370719487185744 1.371764269469109 1.373327 305786748 1.37488790283403 1.375932516996266
  • 62. 1.377489056808455 1.378522548991851 1.38008346233085 1.381637711303621 1.383193693765761 1.385252167452593 1.387323005417018 1.388338061694896 1.389883740593096 1.391928423953846 1.392967870486917 1.394498059955306 1.395514209716279 1.39653750894656 1.399083025017089 1.400616271017336 1.402138956331842 1.403151438801533 1.404678464345166 1.40719519562344 1.408707903734727 1.410230586811336 1.411222666311175 1.412238233127386 1.412238233127386 0.0883783606536421 0.0985128193122106 0.287051632502713 0.473091059858524 0.666642354678747 0.840547101388729 1.014035465228573 1.16096099506323 1.287234057884146 1.406142574998266 1.522304659732477 1.62247643656722 1.718018810622534 1.801054297394355 1.952984823351398 2.016736883513393 2.078087565362865 2.131114333839224 2.184299207958568 2.234385021812748 2.275666748676372 2.326511266433305 2.373553962196664 2.414284283082158 2.465685816670766 2.519352614824077 2.569948805086857 2.679889145657805 2.732720447372293 2.78633845103495 2.841475618790365 2.894363891401943 2.947297154878 3.010203154865242 3.06166793628272 3.122719505428383 3.179852618851317 3.234241907945942 3.29515716498461 3.349326402337736 3.45933179088824 3.519162974127183 3.571304294825096 3.625449484662476 3.676591697791574 3.729138758220962 3.782624377112625
  • 63. 3.832247222704676 3.884053768793385 3.938765743143387 3.983146701063851 4.030536530934386 4.122757740867901 4.165294215321197 4.212057948993956 4.255762982846978 4.301841363704617 4.34429548691223 4.38724766191218 4.43008522612755 4.470546263815891 4.510215118895401 4.553912631498783 4.588182078599468 4.623570832540054 4.699550975747453 4.771480557565308 4.804352468339018 4.839615414072757 4.868688633147428 4.899686550602502 4.93240192383789 4.969773251636637 4.996193159756246 5.027656778715857 5.052918333424349 5.100769978013424 5.155916783870224 5.200840809552503 5.226424968191353 5.27178915290806 5.312400174702334 5.355736785064191 5.405653199738836 5.44158955711129 5.477644392359646 5.514601785525034 5.570568455595227 5.627578069258782 5.68638909331515 5.737323938657437 5.77007654488127 5.810847529636301 5.857908121262005 5.896982074064932 5.925919566269887 5.946002096061914 5.979995028877202 6.000153133342674 6.033383124895265 6.029703502800073 6.055242993414116 6.072312246634254 6.071440676873934 6.086910011410467 6.084629746553918 6.103109472652518 6.113685058636822 6.111744366913078 6.118790459021303 6.117521769451264 6.115445244979046 6.113644991702761 6.115450237566321 6.10515043242712 6.10381613056612 6.100117572986681 6.096329155336015 6.086249928682782
  • 64. 6.079143476415165 6.075735176847384 6.064515964129303 6.049804344478025 6.038256599800818 6.027707430431465 6.014734912597923 6.012150633974223 5.993022835865471 5.966339156259093 5.952202429705795 5.940069296381207 5.920160422121974 5.90547375290 904 5.883890430641021 5.869520336404738 5.849402396727728 5.8222879711321 5.798434925822799 5.774654006262145 5.750190615204723 5.734484623452297 5.718715882618358 5.691150284627992 5.671279506744613 5.637740118159599 5.61443305030048 5.59879795865708 5.578809862284745 5.563106523786085 5.541201906254093 5.514108947780705 5.497662876525959 5.478906916910012 5.452764605560772 5.429971667170818 5.410908290515887 5.396784768998708 5.381246041429316 5.350560519896679 5.32731110307468 5.305701356269558 5.284488134317268 5.257671390328526 5.232088556596877 5.207183989951114 5.191928218008703 5.171314596540464 5.156306057348872 5.122110191359236 5.104883080957991 5.085637005306725 5.057931921084084 5.042138499317393 5.011239573342654 4.986710249318197 4.970545025692416 4.945930811112757 4.913992980461606 4.875035425135785 4.850939739377694 4.828898448746542 4.78907365615918 4.770122132884968 4.751328153668697 4.71683300117323 4.698587698335058 4.656074295537359 4.639603879329503 4.605193633280852 4.56828794417997 4.546457708506862
  • 65. 4.525293413267862 4.494861643911638 4.45618035033311 4.435160509373051 4.408143770799638 4.386902225247036 4.352809051886975 4.33356300779368 4.293581550910702 4.265292531607374 4.242869498056314 4.212981083441706 4.174211407471489 4.156458971534948 4.132551164464476 4.114683437088161 4.095221647415141 4.07645305848053 4.039421978053721 4.012049264029592 3.985597764934896 3.957803495389752 3.933744098516896 3.913602257990068 3.883136211733533 3.867320910445606 3.843343562908105 3.822648698340311 3.80722269891741 3.789363847975425 3.774400902562976 3.766378543361904 3.761878015490883 3.7704177027716 3.774183865265662 3.779352227465147 3.788259356978597 3.797504964239077 3.824871815517219 3.838958738177938 3.854076982873833 3.874440009006672 3.892372508571566 3.912781080806638 3.925976176915208 3.95566194933581 3.959020367107162 3.991708320931452 4.015941597549229 4.036727454358094 4.064721143069968 4.085891127257642 4.115864809289811 4.133597950229935 4.153547316821419 4.178381755298544 4.19651521715343 4.223575961198592 4.244929507627168 4.274841814480217 4.297580731899258 4.322668636637174 4.346750496997077 4.361240037086182 4.398832337187804 4.428669787849857 4.444062784725554 4.467426145185909 4.494571321722504 4.530736719430001 4.559975852458639 4.591249828606504
  • 66. 4.608975265118157 4.628161501308262 4.653673425584575 4.683146250391997 4.712271157762194 4.729527464506908 4.758672460482572 4.782467412724163 4.807685314449053 4.808302416120655 4.848251263491946 4.865507689529289 4.89796387698801 4.92433567319821 4.951849165830867 4.980966408809146 4.99925122729087 5.029984131313182 5.06868337190649 5.099230638986302 5.135015045610489 5.159742057775555 5.182897273208765 5.223720421660272 5.260476354358315 5.292395765751574 5.328802784964395 5.344663248504151 5.388360353822688 5.403139343375241 5.451408 2596483 5.465618780799903 5.483167787506486 5.525613694825804 5.539835616226907 5.549466320557362 5.574224137491906 5.588814081081226 5.598729899979299 5.606270686893891 5.639613888486877 5.651983116759078 5.666283736247618 5.685745211382053 5.689437920127971 5.708803939226347 5.751576094832945 5.774492428461333 5.795158764460207 5.808000819130604 5.830266460530038 5.848985248941007 5.881549229978934 5.88710121321995 5.914215489162035 5.924890587665121 5.949052340997563 5.961013952771522 6.006485008855205 6.022733019960412 6.051911171243407 6.066196371923058 6.104722034951838 6.104615725567164 6.132617766474024 6.156120044190791 6.1948927984535 6.213547763481204 6.230838622002256 6.255185990267032 6.274999549116862 6.29412250179167 6.321783361135005
  • 67. 6.347438391224979 6.357542646480864 6.35906474340935 6.381536810405421 6.378921005929504 6.403115975454418 6.431394915389468 6.443409781845955 6.462332766398226 6.465924655936977 6.47475301925182 6.501633518711656 6.517731628318383 6.501373098545264 6.522686415653384 6.554550424107499 6.55060188177998 6.58076417144352 6.592484768553612 6.606212670179 6.622626509541295 6.63143968883581 6.641462877570632 6.657807006541664 6.683866950521897 6.700042850214204 6.729709107008553 6.761497354931376 6.770619533067755 6.781838327269399 6.819375274044744 6.829868916610492 6.854647210744855 6.872164426934819 6.884554927563833 6.88456380263182 6.911470071862884 6.922265585258118 6.915440270196294 6.931273355376883 6.94633759808838 6.962777787975093 6.976291685115088 6.991959197757731 6.98374634243235 6.987303249667687 7.01478442195609 7.030324321356447 7.042330748917069 7.066053111161481 7.063221213710759 7.077719380270438 7.084603184998033 7.10360913192527 7.088067033724775 7.107791991013815 7.108176848591902 7.114552611033475 7.13109315559575 7.144424668358339 7.156151680857594 7.13647981783931 7.155790549306129 7.176016322654746 7.149559472167833 7.129852937183662 7.125910347246199 7.085178913469048 7.059320122557722 7.027530023831888 6.98678712515526 6.937248701667147
  • 68. 6.90942043723802 6.869478502831982 6.854988655311224 6.813675852685868 6.77263491232109 6.73325198895011 6.6 7236078503163 6.642639725019725 6.584238691546354 6.530833185235048 6.48100927502604 6.425960767862446 6.377287908274653 6.318475633794006 6.266138023965481 6.207743796080583 6.138997926081202 6.083470372856715 6.033728505922878 5.979539853256091 5.925937633353309 5.847409492240771 5.79166841732472 5.74927230241687 5.701945149539805 5.649497126830719 5.590024831186674 5.533833729458197 5.480358171654442 5.421574027980031 5.356413249562281 5.302366546686243 5.247104724792779 5.189321457227167 5.140750108198721 5.081709598137892 4.993989659515614 4.906810315964275 4.855633872316405 4.806033156330925 4.727425823207245 4.676790282532108 4.613536195805048 4.565143715464126 4.492289447958932 4.412913488028422 4.3549590569525 98 4.289763756319342 4.238865450152636 4.173328653028828 4.077311802081382 4.006770129899841 3.943993098293318 3.884260464059053 3.851041675884972 3.851041675884972 Strain Stress PSI LDPE Stress vs Strain Diagram 0.275900003314018 0.27599999755621 0.277899999916553 0.280975003540516 0.284100000560284
  • 69. 0.287200000882149 0.293350000679493 0.296474997699261 0.299574998021126 0.302674998342991 0.305774998664856 0.308849987387657 0.3119249984622 0.315050002932548 0.318150003254414 0.321200002729893 0.324274998903274 0.327399995923042 0.333574992418289 0.339799997210503 0.342875000834465 0.345899996161461 0.349024993181229 0.35217499434948 0.355249997973442 0.358274993300438 0.361375001072884 0.364549991488457 0.367599990963936 0.37059999704361 0.373799991607666 0.379974988102913 0.38299999833107 0.386174988746643 0.389249992370605 0.392299991846084 0.395374995470047 0.398524996638298 0.401624989509582 0.404699993133545 0.410924997925758 0.414000001549721 0.42325000166893 0.426374998688698 0.432499986886978 0.435599994659424 0.441799 995303154 0.444874998927116 0.451049995422363 0.457249981164932 0.466525000333786 0.469574999809265 0.472675007581711 0.475774985551834 0.478849989175796 0.485025000572205 0.494324994087219 0.500475001335144 0.509724986553192 0.515925002098083 0.518975001573563 0.528274995088577 0.537549984455109 0.549875003099441 0.559149992465973 0.568399977684021 0.571499985456467 0.58384997844696 0.586924982070923 0.599274975061417 0.602399986982345 0.614774984121322 0.627100002765655 0.642499995231628 0.654874992370605 0.657924991846084 0.661049973964691
  • 70. 0.670249980688095 0.688849997520447 0.70427496433258 0.728975009918213 0.732050013542175 0.738199961185455 0.756774973869324 0.79375 0.806149971485138 0.818474960327148 0.824650001525879 0.861674976348877 0.87407500743866 0.880249989032745 0.907974970340729 0.926549983024597 0.92964996099472 0.938900005817413 0.957449984550476 0.960499954223633 0.997549962997436 1.000650000572205 1.037724983692169 1.040824961662293 1.074774992465973 1.08097494840622 1.11807496547699 1.155099999904633 1.195199978351593 1.229250025749207 1.266275000572205 1.284774971008301 1.306400012969971 1.309475016593933 1.312574934959412 1.331124973297119 1.35275001525879 1.389849972724915 1.426874947547913 1.429974985122681 1.433024954795838 1.470099997520447 1.507199954986572 1.519525003433228 1.556599926948548 1.568974924087525 1.606099915504456 1.643174958229065 1.680224967002869 1.717274975776672 1.757474970817566 1.797625017166138 1.834750008583069 1.871800017356873 1.908849906921387 1.939749908447266 1.942849946022034 1.948999953269959 1.986149978637695 1.995424938201904 1.998524975776672 2.035599899291992 2.044900012016296 2.075824928283692 2.112925004959107 2.150024962425232 2.187174987792968 2.218100023269653 2.23042483329773 2.242824983596802 2.252099943161011 2.258300018310547 2.267600011825562
  • 71. 2.27069993019104 2.289200019836426 2.292299938201904 2.298500013351441 2.335599851608276 2.372775030136109 2.394399833679199 2.397525024414063 2.434599828720093 2.456224870681763 2.462449979782105 2.49955005645752 2.511949968338013 2.533575010299683 2.54594988822937 2.561424922943115 2.564524841308593 2.576874923706055 2.58 9274835586548 2.592374992370606 2.629425001144409 2.666574907302856 2.703725051879883 2.712974977493286 2.722274971008301 2.728475046157837 2.765599918365478 2.802725028991699 2.830599975585938 2.846024942398071 2.883125019073486 2.89552493095398 2.901799869537353 2.904824924468994 2.907900047302246 2.945049953460694 2.969799947738648 2.97287483215332 2.985224914550781 3.022350025177002 3.025449943542481 3.034699869155884 3.040975046157837 3.050174903869629 3.081099939346314 3.111974906921387 3.121299934387207 3.124399852752685 3.127525043487549 3.155349922180176 3.161474895477295 3.167674970626831 3.170749855041504 3.207874965667725 3.220249843597412 3.254275035858154 3.269700002670288 3.279025030136109 3.316099834442 139 3.343949985504151 3.347024869918823 3.384124946594238 3.405824851989746 3.442899894714356 3.452125024795532 3.455224943161011 3.482999992370606 3.486099910736084 3.523124885559082 3.532399845123291 3.544749927520752 3.566374969482422 3.569424819946289
  • 72. 3.578700017929077 3.58492488861084 3.588000011444092 3.624999952316284 3.662024927139282 3.699125003814697 3.708374929428101 3.72382493019104 3.729974937438965 3.74544997215271 3.754674863815308 3.76392502784729 3.770124864578247 3.807149839401245 3.844224882125855 3.88435001373291 3.887349796295166 3.905950021743775 3.909024906158447 3.924424839019776 3.961499881744385 3.989324998855591 3.995499801635742 3.9985999584198 4.007849884033203 4.010974836349487 4.048049879074097 4.085149955749512 4.115999889373779 4.153125 4.190224838256836 4.224224758148194 4.245849800109863 4.248974990844726 4.261349868774414 4.267500114440918 4.270624828338623 4.307724666595459 4.323149871826172 4.363350105285644 4.400424671173096 4.43752498626709 4.47150011062622 4.477699947357177 4.483874988555908 4.505500030517578 4.514774990081787 4.551900100708008 4.585924816131592 4.595174980163574 4.61064977645874 4.647774887084961 4.678624820709229 4.681750011444092 4.703399848937988 4.709574890136719 4.72810001373291 4.765224647521973 4.802324962615967 4.805400085449219 4.808500003814697 4.814675045013428 4.817749691009521 4.854900074005127 4.891949844360352 4.932199668884277 4.972349834442138 5.009449672698974 5.046549987792968 5.049649906158447 5.077500057220459 5.086749744415283 5.095999908447266
  • 73. 5.114649963378906 5.117699813842774 5.148599815368653 5.185674858093262 5.216624927520752 5.244425010681153 5.253724765777588 5.25679988861084 5.28459997177124 5.290825080871582 5.303174686431885 5.324799728393555 5.327899646759033 5.337175083160401 5.374249649047852 5.395899963378906 5.405224990844726 5.417549800872803 5.429974746704102 5.433025074005127 5.454674911499024 5.457800102233886 5.473224830627442 5.47632474899292 5.48559970855713 5.52272481918335 5.559874725341797 5.569149684906006 5.606349658966064 5.609424781799316 5.612449836730957 5.615599822998047 5.63417501449585 5.64035005 569458 5.677474689483643 5.714599800109863 5.7516996383667 5.788850021362304 5.825999927520752 5.863125038146973 5.900200080871582 5.937374782562256 5.974449825286865 6.011500072479248 6.017699909210205 6.048525047302246 6.05474967956543 6.057800006866455 6.094824981689453 6.125699710845947 6.131900024414062 6.14427490234375 6.175074768066406 6.19982500076294 6.236874771118164 6.242999744415283 6.246124935150146 6.249224853515625 6.286225032806396 6.323300075531006 6.360349845886231 6.369574737548828 6.40044994354248 6.418999862670899 6.422099781036377 6.434425067901611 6.437474918365479 6.440574836730957 6.452924919128418 6.465249729156494 6.499249649047851 6.502299976348877 6.5393497467041
  • 74. 6.576399993896484 6.616524887084961 6.62579984664917 6.628849697113037 6.644375038146973 6.681374740600586 6.690624904632568 6.712274742126465 6.727674674987793 6.749324989318847 6.761649799346923 6.767824840545654 6.770950031280518 6.78329963684082 6.792499732971191 6.798674774169922 6.804849815368652 6.807975006103516 6.814099979400635 6.817199897766113 6.820275020599365 6.823374938964844 6.826474857330322 6.832649898529053 6.835749816894531 6.83884973526001 6.841900062561035 6.844974708557129 6.848124694824219 6.851199817657471 6.854224872589111 6.85732479095459 6.860449981689453 6.863549900054932 6.866599750518799 6.866599750518799 0.000528815055877209 0.000513609484932661 0.000559226241631269 0.00084813165092802 0.00106269879624081 0.00123502836633253 0.00154420768014049 0.00169626312639618 0.00185169757866955 0.00198685817029667 0.00211019206540203 0.00224704180911827 0.00235685968015289 0.00247512506623173 0.00256297957361126 0.00268462396570778 0.00277754645573425 0.00290763836287498 0.00305124629408646 0.00326581370258903 0.00334353084099579 0.00342800599143791 0.00349389713516235 0.00359188795875549 0.00366791576961327 0.00372366954436493 0.00379969700430298 0.00387234580914307 0.0039602003165226 0.00400750640077019 0.00407677619959259 0.00420348910071564 0.00428627457268906 0.00434540770437813 0.00438257677057266 0.00444508820643997
  • 75. 0.00448732560620117 0.00454307973187256 0.00458362780408478 0.00465120757351875 0.00470527202072143 0.0047779 2082556152 0.00488942837506485 0.00492997644727707 0.00497897185907364 0.0050330359553566 0.00508034239052391 0.00512933745140076 0.00519522824420547 0.00526111903701019 0.00535404187795639 0.00539459030108833 0.00535742088397407 0.00541655366474342 0.00545541276032638 0.00550778682722092 0.00556860928645897 0.00560746838204193 0.00566997911606979 0.00571052789012146 0.00575952365283775 0.005827103071352 0.00586596216693497 0.00595888500788116 0.00600788112151718 0.00605856515902328 0.00609573527797699 0.00613966130344772 0.00617683142240143 0.006225826834198 0.0062680642339592 0.00630861300801086 0.00637450309897613 0.00644377254687881 0.00649276866051483 0.006457289272789 0.00649276866051483 0.0065333160308876 0.00657386480493927 0.00662623957367325 0.00666171896139908 0.00669888837851333 0.00665327162181473 0.00672929908175278 0.00672423109910583 0.00676477846947861 0.00678505320742416 0.00675126244540787 0.00673774642133713 0.00677998452293777 0.0067445044333725 0.00678505320742416 0.00673774642133713 0.00677153718335342 0.00673436776623916 0.00668875100954056 0.00672760975420379 0.0067445044333725 0.00671071507503509 0.00672760975420379 0.00668199299750519 0.00671747308707046 0.00667185562853241 0.00664313495468139 0.00663130825815964 0.00661103352021408 0.00657386480493927 0.00657724346003723
  • 76. 0.00654345410169983 0.00657893348942566 0.00653669608966446 0.00650121600009918 0.00654852278618622 0.00650459465519714 0.00649445798806381 0.00646911596931076 0.00643363587974548 0.00647587398134613 0.00644377254687881 0.00646404728482437 0.00643025652280807 0.00645559924340057 0.00640998318854141 0.0064234985107727 0.00642687786771011 0.00641843052812576 0.00641505117118835 0.00639815649201965 0.00639815649201965 0.00639308780753326 0.00638126181285095 0.0063897091524353 0.00642687786771011 0.00636943441448974 0.00641167251609039 0.00640829315915298 0.00637112374203873 0.00640491450405502 0.00640153514711761 0.00643701453484344 0.00639139847998428 0.00640491450405502 0.00641674049873733 0.00642011985567474 0.00646066862972641 0.00640998318854141 0.00645390921401214 0.00640829315915298 0.0064488412313652 0.00641505117118835 0.0064488412313652 0.00648601064847946 0.00642011985567474 0.00645390921401214 0.00644208321932983 0.00645221988646316 0.00640998318854141 0.00644377254687881 0.00643363587974548 0.0064826319933815 0.0064488412313652 0.00643363587974548 0.00647587398134613 0.0064319465521965 0.0064826319933815 0.00643701453484344 0.00650628468458557 0.00646404728482437 0.00650121600009918 0.00646742664176178 0.00647925263644409 0.00647080529685974 0.00649276866051483 0.00645897860033798 0.00650966333968353 0.00646573661237335 0.00647249462440872 0.00647587398134613 0.00650966333968353 0.00647587398134613
  • 77. 0.00651811067926788 0.0064826319933815 0.00652824804824066 0.00645221988646316 0.00650121600009918 0.0064826319933815 0.00652655801885223 0.00647249462440872 0.00650628468458557 0.00652149003620529 0.00648601064847946 0.00651980070865631 0.00646742664176178 0.00652486869130325 0.00648432132093048 0.00653162670333862 0.00648094196399307 0.006521 49003620529 0.00648094196399307 0.00652149003620529 0.00648432132093048 0.00652486869130325 0.00649107933296585 0.00650628468458557 0.00647080529685974 0.00651811067926788 0.006457289272789 0.00649445798806381 0.00647925263644409 0.00652149003620529 0.00648094196399307 0.00649445798806381 0.00645897860033798 0.00648094196399307 0.00643363587974548 0.00648432132093048 0.00644715190381622 0.0064826319933815 0.00648769997602844 0.00644715190381622 0.00648094196399307 0.00644208321932983 0.00647587398134613 0.00643870386239242 0.00647925263644409 0.00644546187442779 0.00644715190381622 0.00645559924340057 0.00646066862972641 0.00641843052812576 0.00645559924340057 0.00642011985567474 0.006457289272789 0.00642180918322372 0.006457289272789 0.0064234985107727 0.00642518854016113 0.006406603831604 0.00638126181285095 0.00641843052812576 0.00638464046794891 0.00643363587974548 0.0063897091524353 0.00640153514711761 0.00643870386239242 0.00638126181285095 0.00641674049873733 0.00635929774735641 0.00639646716447067 0.00636774508694076 0.00637957248530197 0.00634240236634827
  • 78. 0.00635760771796798 0.00634240236634827 0.00630523365107345 0.0063390237112503 0.00629847493719864 0.00633733438370132 0.00626637490641022 0.00630354432352447 0.00631874967514419 0.00627820090109253 0.00629171692516327 0.00627651157354355 0.0062511695547905 0.00620724212564087 0.00624779019785309 0.00621400013767624 0.00625454820988846 0.00620724212564087 0.0062173787927742 0.00616669405342865 0.00622413750664902 0.00618527876198578 0.00616500472587967 0.00610418261756134 0.00616500472587967 0.00611094062959671 0.00615655738629532 0.00611938796918106 0.00609911393307495 0.00609742460552597 0.00613121396386337 0.00607546124187088 0.00610925060020828 0.00607546124187088 0.00605180714698791 0.00604335980740356 0.00601294910416412 0.00598422702663422 0.00595212699584579 0.00598084837153625 0.00593692164422607 0.00589468354262543 0.00593523231667709 0.00588792553059006 0.00592340562015533 0.00587272017897034 0.00583893046971321 0.00583386108338737 0.00579500304056358 0.00576121333130646 0.00579838204658127 0.00575107526049423 0.00570883821165275 0.00575952365283775 0.00572235423572349 0.00567673712810516 0.00571221721767044 0.00566491078250313 0.00564970543088341 0.00560239899571609 0.00563956841283035 0.005597330311 22971 0.005631121073246 0.00558550396562767 0.00552975089271545 0.00557198829247665 0.00553144057118416 0.00556860928645897 0.00553144057118416 0.00551623416680527 0.00552806156516647 0.00547906545153046
  • 79. 0.00548244445754814 0.00543682734992981 0.00548582346356583 0.00545034442675972 0.00540472731914139 0.00546048109389305 0.00544358536196518 0.00544358536196518 0.00543513802238083 0.00541655366474342 0.00543682734992981 0.00542500100432777 0.00542162199831009 0.00544358536196518 0.00543175901636314 0.00547737612398147 0.00544020635594749 0.00548075512999916 0.00542838001034546 0.00546217077236175 0.0054689284334774 0.00550778682722092 0.00545372308185768 0.0054925814756012 0.00545710208787537 0.00549089179713249 0.00551623416680527 0.00547399711796379 0.00550778682722092 0.00547399711796379 0.00550778682722092 0.00550440782120323 0.0054925814756012 0.00552806156516647 0.0054925814756012 0.00555340393483925 0.00550778682722092 0.00555002492882156 0.00549764980916786 0.00553312989873314 0.00549933948763657 0.00553312989873314 0.00547061811194611 0.00552975089271545 0.00553144057118416 0.00551454483925629 0.0055111658332386 0.00547061811194611 0.00550440782120323 0.00546723910592842 0.00546048109389305 0.00542669068279648 0.00538445328303528 0.00533714684786796 0.00526111903701019 0.00521381260184288 0.00518002289258575 0.00513271645741844 0.00508034239052391 0.00499079820467567 0.00494518179889679 0.00488773869659614 0.00483367424939346 0.00478467883759689 0.00471034070520782 0.00467486096656227 0.00460728049528885 0.00456673242307663 0.00444846721245766 0.00438764510413933 0.00426769021505165 0.0041832147136898
  • 80. 0.00406832850908852 0.00399568005516815 0.00388586218413353 0.00370339550825882 0.00352430783840179 0.00332494613243866 0.00306307263968849 0.00273699838352203 0.00273699838352203 0.243651814542957 0.243730183007402 0.245218105567221 0.247621509484958 0.250058084291415 0.25246931738136 0.257235752007353 0.259649041351908 0.26203728641686 0.264419841354044 0.266796733213121 0.269148879434415 0.27149552308162 0.273874689950557 0.276229240874724 0.27854041660072 0.280865139046664 0.283222138658302 0.287863300342731 0.292520347010005 0.294812838625971 0.297062931405509 0.299382104245415 0.301714402935398 0.303985937662972 0.306215507384882 0.308495219201802 0.310824697716424 0.313057372175767 0.315248598012582 0.317580616688797 0.322065374441755 0.324255051475875 0.326548147305239 0.328764027686157 0.330957050076667 0.333163193106354 0.335418107392381 0.33763227031444 0.339823751966527 0.344245516196198 0.346422568570365 0.352942990021673 0.355136259853382 0.359421160452815 0.361582876571215 0.365892329730715 0.36802281188975 0.372287429147444 0.376551085018445 0.382895656909416 0.384973243212611 0.387080480131144 0.389183265743659 0.391264751387685 0.395431607515107 0.401674595910022 0.405781725536339 0.411927506129026 0.4160258150849 0.418035766317954 0.424139645159269 0.430190230384795 0.43817428451767
  • 81. 0.444140796137856 0.45005597720754 0.45203056800093 0.45985857833049 0.461798170150326 0.469550385959899 0.471502497245623 0.479195618250025 0.486799290862881 0.49621946847351 0.50372547266543 0.505566815548654 0.507449916852068 0.512973304261165 0.524047822466922 0.533139779434288 0.547528753108102 0.54930568590242 0.552850072690912 0.563479726938647 0.584308400525794 0.591197492236552 0.597998215939686 0.601388188656502 0.621476607414557 0.628115208329358 0.631404740891505 0.646042454669991 0.655730829738217 0.657338619107497 0.66212080495519 0.671642597879756 0.673199519400916 0.691921411110153 0.693472128044895 0.711833981480891 0.713354119083037 0.729852710437109 0.732836509091185 0.750507641017902 0.767837126147137 0.786273148687728 0.801665217583466 0.818137514718168 0.826267538537432 0.835687872965525 0.837020233161223 0.838361594186208 0.84635097221454 0.855584863242273 0.871230591054671 0.886604399890779 0.887880963111274 0.889135320549376 0.904258634646489 0.919166574665955 0.924070393055627 0.938678222178111 0.943506957117681 0.957854818529628 0.971980830264029 0.985900733911274 0.999629530982694 1.014315395338258 1.028770849094125 1.041953752897617 1.05493901692204 1.067757782073788 1.078324512578354 1.079378481210739 1.081466113987076 1.093984925128825
  • 82. 1.097086104041236 1.098120493015341 1.110409065371969 1.113468063846464 1.123573134641241 1.135562800247053 1.147410377385581 1.159134940671829 1.168791130520223 1.172613655922362 1.176444858430342 1.17930092404266 1.181205592591626 1.184055774104613 1.185004007934582 1.190644380145379 1.191586389904393 1.19346782372852 1.204652528743427 1.215735856593399 1.222126965907391 1.223047232553656 1.23390042069867 1.240176915573255 1.241976425136792 1.252634404933576 1.256171429753974 1.262310109252217 1.265806075637149 1.270160724035257 1.271030760637696 1.274489492851453 1.277950186437974 1.278813541530714 1.289074233841263 1.299257958536084 1.309339083974719 1.311833436010718 1.314335032710052 1.315999315249756 1.325907189425774 1.335717922622301 1.343021442512993 1.347040132428468 1.356640246747712 1.359828440705141 1.361437951684495 1.362212948603874 1.363000157421071 1.372461616691863 1.378715702431608 1.379489971718341 1.382593750938263 1.391866315205993 1.392636691838325 1.394931917085774 1.396486010912172 1.398760066326602 1.406366545059451 1.413903425731858 1.416168631651229 1.416920518960139 1.41767796426498 1.424396641892558 1.425869553619986 1.427358319315014 1.428095840997667 1.43695776151195 1.439894330939331 1.447924368157342 1.451543567786514 1.453725186946926
  • 83. 1.462352178370751 1.468784069099458 1.46949167315864 1.477990049831332 1.482927495431535 1.491307292688095 1.493381515857153 1.494077551940114 1.500292463471452 1.50098370752546 1.50920310133696 1.511251566353259 1.513972704668127 1.5 18719666830036 1.519387337017094 1.5214151189561 1.522773723591873 1.523444201761477 1.531476360654396 1.539449887475994 1.547376321983211 1.549342822894171 1.552618837993657 1.553919903851107 1.557186258367149 1.559128315912971 1.561071914141533 1.562372481618066 1.570104359510111 1.577787249494717 1.586036219064096 1.586650192623417 1.590448758614366 1.591075328633721 1.5942074838489 1.601708090537509 1.607300629843089 1.608537467482346 1.609157864908412 1.611006658115545 1.611630474282578 1.619002006147722 1.62632451888862 1.632372862093019 1.639603326765827 1.646777017676221 1.653306415196434 1.657437249717578 1.658032817702654 1.660387622870583 1.661555888422057 1.662148918777315 1.66916324372208 1.672065209312986 1.679588799482127 1.686477593287878 1.693323991579801 1.699552822094988 1.700685295218272 1.701811965772101 1.705747598114616 1.707430852250616 1.714140229654293 1.720250008093272 1.721904615656191 1.724666537508147 1.731261642294104 1.736709094389872 1.737259285886169 1.741062461752086 1.742144570832753 1.745383890003976 1.75184412044177