Here is a revised version with an introduction, development, conclusion and bibliography: Introduction: The music video has evolved significantly since its origins in the late 19th century. Starting as a simple accompaniment to promote songs, the music video is now a major commercial and artistic medium. Over time, innovations in film, television and digital technology have transformed the music video into a sophisticated form of entertainment and advertising. Development: One of the earliest precursors to the music video was the "illustrated song" developed in the 1890s, combining images projected with song lyrics to promote sheet music sales. In the 1920s, the advent of "talkies" or sound films brought synchronized moving images and music. In the

2. • A music video is a short piece of film that accompanies a song or a popular
piece of music. These are usually used to draw more attention to the song
by people being able to watch it as well as just listen. These were also
used to promote the artists in the video. They did this by also having a
performance section to the video along with a narrative and/or
conceptual section. Between all three of these they make up the basics of
a music video
• The music video has taken many different forms over the years. The very
earliest sign of a music video started in 1894, combining images to music
and have come along way to the full 4
minute, dancing, singing, CGI, action videos we get today.
• Over the years music videos have been used to explain songs, promote
artists, advertise products, deliver messages and in many cases, just to
entertain their viewing audience!

3. In 1894, composers Edward B. Marks and Joe Stern came together to
compose their song ‘The Little Lost Child’. However, to make their song sell
they needed an idea to promote it. This is when they came across the idea of
an illustrated song, an idea that was an extension of what George H. Thomas
had done earlier in 1892.
Electrician of The Brooklyn Amphion Theatre at the time, George H. Thomas
decided to use a magic lantern to project a single image of a boy in a saloon
on to a screen to accompany his song. Marks and Stern stumbled across this
idea and eventually worked with Thomas on their production of ‘The Little
Lost Child’
This was really seen as the first step towards music videos and clearly worked
on the promotional side as ‘The Little Lost Child’ went on to sell over 2 million
copies!

4. In 1926, Talkies, also known as Sound Films, were introduced. These were
images that had been combined and synchronized with music to tell a story, this
was apposed to the Silent Movies that were very popular around this time
period.
It is rumored that the first public viewing of a Talkie was in Paris in
1900, however we have no evidence of this. The first one official talkie
according to records was Don Juan, after a battle for the patent for the
vitaphone and the new sound amplification technology, which was finally won
by Warners and installed in their theatre in New York with all of the rest of the
equipment needed just 2 days before the premier of ‘Don Juan’ on August 4th
1926
By 1930, Talkies were popular all over the world and it helped to secure
Hollywood's position as the worlds most powerful commercial system. They had
also become very popular all over Europe, Japan. India was also a very popular
place for Talkies and lead to a rapid expansion of the film industry in that area
and all surrounding areas.

5. •Max Fleischer introduced a series of sing-along short cartoons called
‘Screen Songs’. These are short films using ‘The Bouncing Ball’. This is an old
type of Karaoke, with the ball bouncing on the words as they are sung.
Max Fleischer was an American animator, born in Poland in July 1883. His
family immigrated to the USA when he was 4 years old and settled down in
New York City. As a teenage, Fleischer worked as an errand boy for ‘The
Brooklyn Daily Eagle’ and worked his way up to being a cartoonist. Fleischer
had a very successful career and brought us characters such as Betty
Boop, Popeye and Superman. In 1921 he also created ‘Fleischer Studios’
(Formally known as ‘Out of the inkwell films’) with his brother Dave, to
produce animated cartoons.
Another big success in his career was teaming up with Paramount Pictures
to create the first ever screen song ‘The Sideways Of New York’

6. In 1964 ‘The Beatles’ made a feature film, ‘Hard Days Night’.
Although it was not officially a music video, the film did include
Beatles music played simultaneously with videos of the group dancing
and singing
This was said to have made the music more popular, with music sales
going up, however this may have just been because the film was
released in the time of ‘Beatlemania’

7. To save them having to do lots of live TV performances to promote
their upcoming album, The Beatles made 10 promotional videos
instead so that they could be aired on TV at any point.
This was the first real step towards the music video as we know it
today as they were being used for things like artist promotion just
as we do in music videos in the 21st century
The songs used in the videos were ... We Can Work It Out, Day
Tripper, Help!, Ticket To Ride and I Feel Fine which were all aired on
Hullaballo, Top of the Pops, Thank your lucky stars and more!

8. In 1975, The Who released their all-music feature film
Tommy, directed by Ken Russell based upon their 1969 rock opera of
the same name.
This brought a lot of publicity to the band and brought them into the
public eye and was one of the key moments in the career of ‘The
Who’. The main way it gained publicity is because lead singer, Roger
Daltrey played the lead role of ‘Tommy Walker’
The film gained a lot of publicity also from by being shown at the 1975
Cannes Film Festival

9. Before this time other artists were releasing promotional videos, but it
wasn’t until this music video that they really became popular
Bohemian Rhapsody is a simple video that just shows the band performing
the song. However, releasing this along with the single showed to improve
sales of the single considerably
it was only after the success of "Bohemian Rhapsody" that it became a
regular occurrence for record companies to make music videos for artists
single releases

10. * MTV launched on August 1, 1981, at 12:01 a.m.
* It was launched with the words "Ladies and gentlemen, rock and roll," spoken
by John Lack
* These were spoken to the footage of the first ever space shuttle launch
* MTV was the first ever channel to be based on pure music videos.
* The videos would be presented and introduced by Presenters, nicknamed VJ’s
(Video Jockeys)
* The first song to be played on MTV was The Buggles – Video Killed The Radio
Star
* When the show was aired however, it only gained the attention of kids as the
older generation weren’t interested
* This has however changed in the last 30 years and now has over 340 Million
Viewers!

12. When Michael Jackson’s Thriller came out, it took the music video to a
whole new level. Before this time they were really made to be a video
that went with the song, but this showed that people were starting to pay
more attention to the videos. This was also the first sign of artists going
more up-market with their videos.
It involves a story line, large scale dances and lots of scenery, costumes
and make-up

13. •The targeted audience of VH1 is slightly more demographic than its
MTV
• MTV, focusing mainly on the lighter side of pop music.
•The introduction of VH1 gave music videos a wider audience and
more different genres to cover, boosting the popularity majorly and
gaining interest of the older generation.
•Its more recent claim to fame has been in the area of music-related
reality programming, such as Behind the Music.

14. •YouTube was created by three former PayPal employees in February 2005.
• It is a video sharing website that allows anyone to watch, upload or share
videos of their choice.
• In July 2006 they had more than 65,000 videos being uploaded to the site
every day
• YouTube is now receiving 100million video views per day
• With the great amount of views per day and with the great rate videos are
being posted and shared then this in itself speaks about the great succsess
YouTube was and especially towards the music video. With easy streaming
and quick listening and viewing, YouTube took the music video to a whole
new level of popularity.

15. •In 2005, Apple launched the Ipod and Itunes
• This meant that music videos could now be downloaded from
the internet for very little cost
• Also using the Ipod, they could be taken with you everywhere.
This was a main influence to start stepping up the quality of music
videos. If someone liked a video they would buy it and put it on
their Ipod and then probably show it to a friend. This meant more
advertising for the artists the better their video.
• Another way to advertise an artist via video through Itunes is by
making the video free to download. This would convice people to
download it on their ipod and would then interest others to buy if
they see the video or hear the music on the video.

17. Product placement is a very important factor of today's music video.
This is where artists will advertise a product in their video. This could be
by wearing them, eating it, drinking it, or using the product in any way
shape or form. In certain cases the product may just be sitting in the
camera shot but still this is effective because just the slightest symbol
can jog your memory about that product and/or it will subconsciously
enter your memory so when you see the product in everyday use, you
will automatically link the product with the artist. This convinces people
to buy it because they consider it to be a very popular product if it is
used by their favourite artist. This has been done in many videos, for
example, Tinie Tempah advertising Lucozade and Lady Gaga advertising
‘Dr. Dre Beats’.
The Product Placement logo seen in all music
videos, TV programs and films that advertises
products.

24. Comments – Danny you have clearly carried our some detailed research but you are
writing in bullet points. This should be a descriptive piece with lots of detail which
should inform.
To improve:
1. Provide an introduction, a development and conclusion
2. Write a bibliography
Initial Grade C-