The following presentation was given by Daniel Bachlechner (Fraunhofer ISI and e-SIDES ) at the 13th Pre-ICIS Workshop on Information Security and Privacy (WISP 2018) held in San Francisco on December 13, 2018.

1. © Fraunhofer ISI
Daniel Bachlechner, Fraunhofer ISI
13th Pre-ICIS Workshop on Information Security and Privacy 13 December 2018
PRIVACY-PRESERVING TECHNOLOGIES
IN THE AGE OF BIG DATA

2. © Fraunhofer ISI
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e-SIDES helps making big data solutions and
applications more responsible
Identify
ethical and
societal issues
Identify PPTs
Assess
existing
technologies
Conduct a
gap
analysis
Make
recom-
menda-
tions
Identify
design
require-
ments
Identify
imple-
mentation
barriers

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Agenda
 Status quo
 Research question
 Methods
 Results
 Summary
 Contribution
 Outlook

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Big data applications have positive and
negative effects
Big data
applications
Negative effects
 Intrusion into peoples' privacy
 Unfair treatment of people and
organizations
 Dependence on organizations and
technology
 Lack of decision transparency
Positive effects
 Faster, fact-based decision-making
 Increasing possibilities of
automation
 Emergence of new and improved
products and services
 Cost savings

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PPTs can be assigned to different classes of
technologies
PPTs
Approaches
Anonymization and
sanitization
 k-anonymity
 Differential privacy
 Randomization
Encryption and multi-party
computation
Access control and policy
enforcement
Accountability, transparency
and data provenance
Access, portability and user
control
 Attribute-based encryption
 Homomorphic encryption
 Attribute-based access control
 Sticky policies
 Automated auditing processes
 Multi-channel and layered
approaches
 Standard exchange formats
 Privacy preferences
 Personal data stores

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Big data applications
The role of PPTs in the age of big data is not
fully understood
Big data solutions
?PPTs
 Effectiveness
 Challenges
 Perception
 Use

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PPTs
PPTs were assessed though interviews and a
review of related literature
Semi-structured
interviews
 Nine key informant
interviews
 Researchers, company
representatives,
members of relevant
organizations
 30-45 minutes
 16 short interviews
 Mainly researchers
 <10 minutes
Literature review
Technology-specific
assessment
General assessment
 Technology
deployment
 Demand for privacy
protection
 Regional differences
 Technological
boundaries
 Societal responsibility

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PPTs differ in term of their effectiveness and
the challenges they pose
Challenges
 Failure of anonymization
 Unique characteristics
 Mathematical background stable
Anonymization
and sanitization
Encryption and
MPC
Access control and
policy
enforcement
Accountability,
transparency and
data provenance
Access, portability
and user control
Effectiveness
 Privacy-utility trade-off
 Choice of parameters
 Adversary’s knowledge unknown
 Untrusted parties
 Computation cost
 Ease of use
 Single point of failure
 Opacity
 Increasing complexity
 Explanation of decisions
 Heterogeneity of data
 Large amounts of information
 Different protection levels
 Need for prior agreements
 Privacy by default
 Encryption is strong
 Relatively slow
 Limited availability of tools
 Low granularity and flexibility
 Automated enforcement
 Boundaries between jurisdictions
 Machine learning modules
 Most devices do not have screens
 Implementation of fixes
 Untrusted parties
 Informational asymmetry
 Shift of responsibility

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PPTs show similarities in terms of their
perception and use
PPTs
Perception and use
Technology
deployment
 Minimal integration of PPTs into solutions
 Fear of economic disadvantages
 Privacy by design has not arrived in practice
Demand for
privacy protection
Regional
differences
Technological
boundaries
Societal
responsibility
 Little demand for solutions that include PPTs
 Privacy protection as a selling point
 Lack of risk awareness
 Considerable regional differences
 Local legislation affects technology globally
 Broad access to technologies may be restricted
 Limitations of reactive approaches
 Need for awareness and education
 Make sure technology functions as expected
 Strengths of the parties is relevant
 Raise awareness and exercise rights
 PPT integration alone would not be sufficient

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PPTs are essential but their use is only slowly
becoming common practice
 Status quo
 Research question
 Methods
 Results
 Summary
 Contribution
 Outlook
 Big data applications have positive and
negative effects
 PPTs can be assigned to different classes
of technologies
The role of PPTs in the age of big data is
not fully understood
PPTs were assessed though interviews and a
review of related literature
 PPTs differ in term of their effectiveness
and the challenges they pose
 PPTs show similarities in terms of their
perception and use

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Big data applications benefit from PPTs but
individual circumstances must be considered
Big data applications
Big data solutions
?PPTs
 PPTs pursue different
aims and thus need to
be combined
 No single most
important class of
technologies
 A multidimensional
measure for privacy
protection is needed
 Objectives of big data
and privacy seem
almost antagonistic

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Recommendations for developers and users of
big data solutions will be made
Big data applications
Big data solutions
PPTs
 Conduct a gap analysis
 Identify design
requirements
 Identify implementation
barriers
 Make recommendations

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If you would like to contribute to the
research, please get in touch
https://e-sides.eu/
info@e-sides.eu

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If you would like to get in touch with me
Dr. Daniel Bachlechner
Competence Center Emerging Technologies
Fraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovation Research
Breslauer Strasse 48 | 76139 Karlsruhe | Germany
Phone +49 721 6809-161 | Fax +49 721 6809-315
daniel.bachlechner@isi.fraunhofer.de