The Taj Mahal is one of India's most famous tourist attractions and a renowned example of Mughal architecture. However, it is being degraded by several factors such as acid rain, air pollution, deforestation, large numbers of tourists, and pollution in the nearby Yamuna River. Acid rain causes chipping and cracking of the marble. Air pollution from burning fossil fuels and garbage causes discoloration. Deforestation has led to hot, dusty winds damaging the marble. Many tourists each year contribute to wear and tear on the marble and increase humidity. Pollution in the Yamuna River is weakening the foundations and preventing needed moisture. Efforts are needed to preserve this iconic site through government actions, restoration, education

2. PREFACE:-
 Introduction.
 Significance of Taj Mahal.
 Factors affecting for
degradation of Taj Mahal.
 How to preserve this site.
 Acknowledgement.

3. Appearing in several lists of world wonders, the
Taj Mahal is not only one of the largest tourist
attractions in India, it is also the most well- known
example of mughal architecture.
It is described as the most famous tomb of the
world. It reflects the pride and identity of Indian
Muslims as an example of the achievements of
the age of mughal rule, a period of progress and
stability considered a high point in India's cultural
history.
According, to UNESCO, the tomb is recognized as
“the jewel of muslim art in India”.
The tomb, which is taller than the modern 20-
storey building was completed around 1653 after
more than 2 decades of construction work. It was
built by mughal emperor Shah Jahan in memory
of his wife. Mumtaz Mahal died in childbirth in
1631.

4.  ACID RAIN :-
Acid rain which has a weathering effect on marble, can cause chipping and cracking as the
mineral impurities present in the marble get oxidized and create brown stains.
 AIR POLLUTION :-
Taj is changing color due to deposition of dust and carbon- containing particles emitted in the
burning of fossil fuels, bio mass and garbage which are settling on the Taj Mahal causing
discoloration.
 DEFORESTATION :-
Agra lying in the semi- arid zone experiencing very hot summers when mercury touches 49 ,
with al large number of trees felled in recent years giving way to roads and other
infrastructure works hot, dusty winds have an abrasive effect on the marble.
 TOURISTS :-
Unregulated number of visitors is seen as the biggest threat as constant trading wearing down
the marble flows. Presence of the visitors increases humidity inside the building and the
grease from their palms causes deposition of grime on the walls.
 POLLUTED YAMUNA :-
Yamuna is weakening the Sal wood in the foundations of the Taj which needs constant
moisture to prevent it from cracking and the low flow in the river including high pollution are
also major causes of concern.

5. • Strict Government actions and plans to save this monument.
• Archeological department collecting, generation of funds, and donation
for their renovation .
• Chemical treatment of monuments and restoration.
• Volunteered meetings about its conservation, surveys, reports, heritage
clubs should be set up by schools, educational institutes to make
students and youth aware to save this monument.
• Devising proper legal framework to preserve monuments at national
and global level.
• Restricting throwing of garbage and burning of garbage in or near
area of Taj Mahal.
• Not polluting river Yamuna.
• Strict restrictions on throwing of garbage or leaving non-
biodegradable wastes in open area.
• Keeping factories and polluters away.
• Installation of CCTV cameras.