War and terrorism have been part of human history for thousands of years. Modern warfare evolved with technological advances like gunpowder. Causes of war include disputes over territory, annihilating rival states, subjugating people, and gaining recognition as a separate state. The wars in Iraq and Afghanistan have caused nearly 100,000 total victims. Islamist terrorist attacks increased after September 11, 2001. While war may sometimes be necessary to eliminate enemies, the ultimate goal should be establishing peace.