9. Grossman’s Classification
FUNCTION INSTRUMENTS
Exploring Smooth broaches and endodontic explorers
(Used to locate canal orifice and to determine the
direction and patency of root canal )
Debriding or
extirpating
Barbed broaches
(Used to extirpate the pulp and to remove debris
and other foreign materials )
Cleaning &
Shaping
Reamers and Files
(Used to shape the canal space laterally and
apically )
Obturating Pluggers, spreaders and lentulospirals
(To cement and pack guttapercha points into the
canal space )
10. • DG 16 EXPLORER
- Double ended probe
- Has 2 straight and very
sharp ends
- The 2 ends are angulated
in two differeent
directions from the long
axis of the instrument
- Helps in location of canal
orifices and for detecting
fractures.
12. #17 operative explorer
• For detecting any remaining pulp chamber roof
particularly in the areas of pulp horn
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23. Grossman’s Classification
FUNCTION INSTRUMENTS
Exploring Smooth broaches and endodontic explorers
(Used to locate canal orifice and to determine the
direction and patency of root canal )
Debriding or
extirpating
Barbed broaches
(Used to extirpate the pulp and to remove debris
and other foreign materials )
Cleaning &
Shaping
Reamers and Files
(Used to shape the canal space laterally and
apically )
Obturating Pluggers, spreaders and lentulospirals
(To cement and pack guttapercha points into the
canal space )
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37. GROUP I GROUP II
Greater Taper
Ni-Ti
instruments
Lentulospiral
38. ISO Classification
GROUP TYPES OF
INSTRUMENTS –
HAND / ENGINE
DRIVEN
EXAMPLES
I
Hand use only Files : K-type, H type
Reamers:K & U-type
Broaches
Pluggers & spreaders
39. GROUP TYPES OF
INSTRUMENTS –
HAND / ENGINE
DRIVEN
EXAMPLES
II
Engine driven latch
type
Handle has been
replaced by a latch
type adaptor for
insertion in contra
angle hand piece
2 parts - cutting
head & latch type
attachment
Similar to group I
instruments also
includes paste fillers
(lentulospirals)
40. GROUP TYPES OF
INSTRUMENTS –
HAND / ENGINE
DRIVEN
EXAMPLES
III Engine driven latch
type drills or
reamers
fabricated from a
single metal latch
and shaft and
operative head, all
compound of a
single piece
Gates Glidden
Peeso reamers
47. This Gates combines with efficiency
and simplicity all the advantages of
Gates 1-4. Use the X-Gates with a
brush cutting action at 800-1000rpm.
X Gates
Editor's Notes
Before initiating the access preparation the likelihood of gaining adequate access for endodontic treatment should be determined. If access to the tooth is difficult treatment may be compromised. This is even more relevant with complex re-treatment procedures. In more difficult situations, such as the patient not having the ability to open the mouth sufficiently, specific portions of the tooth may be removed, such as a wall or cusp.
Once accessibility has been confirmed,
A front surface mirror, DG16 endodontic probe, long shank small excavator, magnification and good illumination are essential for endodontic treatment
A front surface mirror, DG16 endodontic probe, long shank small excavator, magnification and good illumination are essential for endodontic treatment
A flat instrument plastic & amalgam plugger – placement of inter-appointment restoration.
Surgical hemostst- holding the x-ray films
Magnification and Illumination: The access cavity cannot be prepared adequately without the use of magnification and an appropriate light source. At the least, the clinician needs surgical loupes with an auxiliary light source (see Chapter 6). The DOM is the preferred means of magnification and illumination.
David Green 16 explorer, extra long
As we move to the refinement, or to scouting phase you notice that the DG 16 endodontic explorer on right of screen. This is instrument is intended to find the large orifice, to identify the location of the actual entry into the canal space. Upon location of the main orifices of the tooth we can then define outline of the chamber.
The DG 16 endodontic explorer is used to identify canal orifice and to determine canal angulation. An alternative JW-17 endodontic explorer, which is also known as CK 17 explorer serves the same purpose but its thinner stiffer tip can be useful for identifying the possible location of a calcified canal. is a micro explorer it enables the dentist to pierce the endodontic orifice without
A Lentulo spiral is a dental instrument used to properly distribute root canal sealer and cement evenly throughout the root canal system, as when performing endodontic therapy or a post and core cementation.The instrument has an atypical left-handed screw threading (like the screw in the left pedal of a bicycle) so that the application of sealer or cement will flow down the tip of the spiral when the slow-speed is in forward mode.
