Slides courtesy of Simon Scheider. Presentation for our paper at AGILE 2014: Simon Scheider, Jim Jones, Alber Sanchez and Carsten Keßler (2014) Encoding and querying historic map content. In Joaquín Huerta, Sven Schade, Carlos Granell: Connecting a Digital Europe Through Location and Place. Springer Lecture Notes in Geoinformation and Cartography 2014: 251–273. DOI:10.1007/978-3-319-03611-3_15
Rafael Chelaru
Creating a Genealogical Database - Digitization of the Civil Registers and Matricula from Bucharest and Brasov County (Romania)
ICARUS-Meeting #17 | Transparency - Accessibility – Dialogue. How a creative archival landscape can effect society
23–25 May 2016, Krukmakarens hus (The Potter´s house), Mellangatan 21, 621 56 Visby / The Regional State Archives in Visby, Broväg 27, 621 41 Visby, Sweden
This presentation provides an insightful view in the process of digitising agenda in Czech archaeology. A cornerstone of this is the Archaeological Information System of the Czech Republic (AIS CR), a national solution for research management, data gathering, curation and presentation. A key component AIS CR is the Archaeological Map of the Czech Republic (AMCR), operational since 2017.
The EnviroCar Platform: A Decentralized Approach to Monitoring Urban Traffic...Carsten Keßler
Presentation at Ground Transportation Technology Symposium: Big Data and Innovative Solutions for Safe,
Efficient and Sustainable Mobility. November 19, 2014 at
New York Institute of Technology (NYIT)
Using the Web as a Data Source: Challenges for Linked ScienceCarsten Keßler
Short paper presented at Linked Science workshop, ISWC 2015.
http://linkedscience.org/events/lisc2015/
http://linkedscience.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/paper5.pdf
Rafael Chelaru
Creating a Genealogical Database - Digitization of the Civil Registers and Matricula from Bucharest and Brasov County (Romania)
ICARUS-Meeting #17 | Transparency - Accessibility – Dialogue. How a creative archival landscape can effect society
23–25 May 2016, Krukmakarens hus (The Potter´s house), Mellangatan 21, 621 56 Visby / The Regional State Archives in Visby, Broväg 27, 621 41 Visby, Sweden
This presentation provides an insightful view in the process of digitising agenda in Czech archaeology. A cornerstone of this is the Archaeological Information System of the Czech Republic (AIS CR), a national solution for research management, data gathering, curation and presentation. A key component AIS CR is the Archaeological Map of the Czech Republic (AMCR), operational since 2017.
The EnviroCar Platform: A Decentralized Approach to Monitoring Urban Traffic...Carsten Keßler
Presentation at Ground Transportation Technology Symposium: Big Data and Innovative Solutions for Safe,
Efficient and Sustainable Mobility. November 19, 2014 at
New York Institute of Technology (NYIT)
Using the Web as a Data Source: Challenges for Linked ScienceCarsten Keßler
Short paper presented at Linked Science workshop, ISWC 2015.
http://linkedscience.org/events/lisc2015/
http://linkedscience.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/paper5.pdf
This presentation was used for the Maps workshop sessions at the British Library Social Science training days for postgraduates at the BL on the 11th and 19th October 2010. The presentation was presented and produced by Kimberly Kowal and Sarah Evans.
Real-time Visualisation of Cultural Heritage and Environmental Archaeology Da...Marcus Smith
Real-time Visualisation of Cultural Heritage and Environmental Archaeology Data in Landscape Reconstructions
Paper presented at CAA-SE 2013, Lund, by Phil Buckland and Marcus Smith
Open Data of the past
Open History Map (https://www.openhistorymap.org) is a non-profit based in Bologna, Italy, aiming at the creation of an open map of the past, reconciling and interconnecting data from Digital Humanities, Public History and Digital Archaeology sources. The presentation will cover the philosophy, the technology and the libraries used in this endeavor, explaining how users can reuse, and integrate the data from the platform into their applications or visualizations.
New Discovery Tools for Digital Humanities and Spatial Data (Summary of the J...Micah Altman
My colleague, (Merrick) Lex Berman, who is Web Service Manager & GIS Specialist, at the Center for Geographic Analysis at Harvard presented this as part of the Program on Information Science Brown Bag Series. Lex is an expert in applications related to digital humanities, GIS, and chinese history -- and has developed many interesting tools in this area.
In his talk, Lex notes how the library catalog has evolved from the description of items in physical collections into a wide-reaching net of services and tools for managing both physical collections and networked resources: The line between descriptive metadata and actual content is becoming blurred. Librarians and catalogers are now in the position of being not only docents of collections, but innovators in digital research, and this opens up a number of opportunities for retooling library discovery tools. His presentation will presented survey of methods and projects that have extended traditional catalogs of libraries and museums into online collections of digital objects in the field of humanities -- focusing on projects that use historical place names and geographic identifiers for linked open data will be discussed.
Selective information from Historical Geographers: the case of the Dutch area...Sophie Visser
Selectivity is commonly built-in in information, hence as well in information on cultural landscape and heritage. Information selectivity is not trivial, as many information forms – for instance ´official´ and research-based GISs - are intended to serve as the informational basis for landscape and spatial policies, plans, designs and management. As these GISs foremost are made by landscape and heritage specialists, the information selectivity by specialists – resulting from personal, disciplinary, societal and technological backgrounds - is a main factor. So far, this hardly have been researched or discussed.
To study this among (mostly) historical geographers the rather unknown cultural landscape of the Dutch Piksen area (in the province of Overijssel) was chosen, thereby minimizing personal knowledge, values and perceptions. For the same reason an anonymous (no toponyms or other names) description, existing of text and some accompanying old maps, served as base document. The annual Dutch cultural landscape conference of 2009 – held in Overijssel - provided the research population. The respondents were asked to indicate which elements (words, sentences, and interrelationships) they find relevant or interesting to record either as knowledge or as values. The resulting data, description, and/or map would serve as base for local plans, landscape management, education, etcetera. The assignment was complemented by a small number of questions about the respondents backgrounds.
Despite the standardized conditions the variation was big, varying from just a few concepts or objects to all of the text, both in knowledge and in values. Generally speaking, what was seen as relevant for knowledge included more of the text than for values. The poster will present and discuss the results, both as such as well as in comparison with other, mostly official, information on the same area.
Abstract: As location‐enabled technologies are becoming ubiquitous, our location is being shared with an ever‐growing number of external services. Issues revolving around location privacy — or geoprivacy — therefore concern the vast majority of the population, largely without knowing how the underlying technologies work and what can be inferred from an individual’s location (especially if recorded over longer periods of time). Research, on the other hand, has largely treated this topic from isolated standpoints, most prominently from the technological and ethical points of view. This talk will therefore reflect upon the current state of geoprivacy from a broader perspective. It integrates technological, ethical, legal, and educational aspects and clarifies how they interact and shape how we deal with the corresponding technology, both individually and as a society. The fictional couple of Jane and Tom is used as a running example to illustrate how common it has become to share our location information, and how it can be used — both for good and for worse.
This presentation was used for the Maps workshop sessions at the British Library Social Science training days for postgraduates at the BL on the 11th and 19th October 2010. The presentation was presented and produced by Kimberly Kowal and Sarah Evans.
Real-time Visualisation of Cultural Heritage and Environmental Archaeology Da...Marcus Smith
Real-time Visualisation of Cultural Heritage and Environmental Archaeology Data in Landscape Reconstructions
Paper presented at CAA-SE 2013, Lund, by Phil Buckland and Marcus Smith
Open Data of the past
Open History Map (https://www.openhistorymap.org) is a non-profit based in Bologna, Italy, aiming at the creation of an open map of the past, reconciling and interconnecting data from Digital Humanities, Public History and Digital Archaeology sources. The presentation will cover the philosophy, the technology and the libraries used in this endeavor, explaining how users can reuse, and integrate the data from the platform into their applications or visualizations.
New Discovery Tools for Digital Humanities and Spatial Data (Summary of the J...Micah Altman
My colleague, (Merrick) Lex Berman, who is Web Service Manager & GIS Specialist, at the Center for Geographic Analysis at Harvard presented this as part of the Program on Information Science Brown Bag Series. Lex is an expert in applications related to digital humanities, GIS, and chinese history -- and has developed many interesting tools in this area.
In his talk, Lex notes how the library catalog has evolved from the description of items in physical collections into a wide-reaching net of services and tools for managing both physical collections and networked resources: The line between descriptive metadata and actual content is becoming blurred. Librarians and catalogers are now in the position of being not only docents of collections, but innovators in digital research, and this opens up a number of opportunities for retooling library discovery tools. His presentation will presented survey of methods and projects that have extended traditional catalogs of libraries and museums into online collections of digital objects in the field of humanities -- focusing on projects that use historical place names and geographic identifiers for linked open data will be discussed.
Selective information from Historical Geographers: the case of the Dutch area...Sophie Visser
Selectivity is commonly built-in in information, hence as well in information on cultural landscape and heritage. Information selectivity is not trivial, as many information forms – for instance ´official´ and research-based GISs - are intended to serve as the informational basis for landscape and spatial policies, plans, designs and management. As these GISs foremost are made by landscape and heritage specialists, the information selectivity by specialists – resulting from personal, disciplinary, societal and technological backgrounds - is a main factor. So far, this hardly have been researched or discussed.
To study this among (mostly) historical geographers the rather unknown cultural landscape of the Dutch Piksen area (in the province of Overijssel) was chosen, thereby minimizing personal knowledge, values and perceptions. For the same reason an anonymous (no toponyms or other names) description, existing of text and some accompanying old maps, served as base document. The annual Dutch cultural landscape conference of 2009 – held in Overijssel - provided the research population. The respondents were asked to indicate which elements (words, sentences, and interrelationships) they find relevant or interesting to record either as knowledge or as values. The resulting data, description, and/or map would serve as base for local plans, landscape management, education, etcetera. The assignment was complemented by a small number of questions about the respondents backgrounds.
Despite the standardized conditions the variation was big, varying from just a few concepts or objects to all of the text, both in knowledge and in values. Generally speaking, what was seen as relevant for knowledge included more of the text than for values. The poster will present and discuss the results, both as such as well as in comparison with other, mostly official, information on the same area.
Abstract: As location‐enabled technologies are becoming ubiquitous, our location is being shared with an ever‐growing number of external services. Issues revolving around location privacy — or geoprivacy — therefore concern the vast majority of the population, largely without knowing how the underlying technologies work and what can be inferred from an individual’s location (especially if recorded over longer periods of time). Research, on the other hand, has largely treated this topic from isolated standpoints, most prominently from the technological and ethical points of view. This talk will therefore reflect upon the current state of geoprivacy from a broader perspective. It integrates technological, ethical, legal, and educational aspects and clarifies how they interact and shape how we deal with the corresponding technology, both individually and as a society. The fictional couple of Jane and Tom is used as a running example to illustrate how common it has become to share our location information, and how it can be used — both for good and for worse.
Carsten Keßler (2015) Central Places in Wikipedia. In: Fernando Bacao, Maribel Yasmina Santos, and Marco Painho: AGILE 2015: Geographic Information Science as an Enabler of Smarter Cities and Communities. Springer Lecture Notes in Geoinformation and Cartography 2015: 35–52.DOI:10.1007/978-3-319-16787-9_3
Nutraceutical market, scope and growth: Herbal drug technologyLokesh Patil
As consumer awareness of health and wellness rises, the nutraceutical market—which includes goods like functional meals, drinks, and dietary supplements that provide health advantages beyond basic nutrition—is growing significantly. As healthcare expenses rise, the population ages, and people want natural and preventative health solutions more and more, this industry is increasing quickly. Further driving market expansion are product formulation innovations and the use of cutting-edge technology for customized nutrition. With its worldwide reach, the nutraceutical industry is expected to keep growing and provide significant chances for research and investment in a number of categories, including vitamins, minerals, probiotics, and herbal supplements.
A brief information about the SCOP protein database used in bioinformatics.
The Structural Classification of Proteins (SCOP) database is a comprehensive and authoritative resource for the structural and evolutionary relationships of proteins. It provides a detailed and curated classification of protein structures, grouping them into families, superfamilies, and folds based on their structural and sequence similarities.
Earliest Galaxies in the JADES Origins Field: Luminosity Function and Cosmic ...Sérgio Sacani
We characterize the earliest galaxy population in the JADES Origins Field (JOF), the deepest
imaging field observed with JWST. We make use of the ancillary Hubble optical images (5 filters
spanning 0.4−0.9µm) and novel JWST images with 14 filters spanning 0.8−5µm, including 7 mediumband filters, and reaching total exposure times of up to 46 hours per filter. We combine all our data
at > 2.3µm to construct an ultradeep image, reaching as deep as ≈ 31.4 AB mag in the stack and
30.3-31.0 AB mag (5σ, r = 0.1” circular aperture) in individual filters. We measure photometric
redshifts and use robust selection criteria to identify a sample of eight galaxy candidates at redshifts
z = 11.5 − 15. These objects show compact half-light radii of R1/2 ∼ 50 − 200pc, stellar masses of
M⋆ ∼ 107−108M⊙, and star-formation rates of SFR ∼ 0.1−1 M⊙ yr−1
. Our search finds no candidates
at 15 < z < 20, placing upper limits at these redshifts. We develop a forward modeling approach to
infer the properties of the evolving luminosity function without binning in redshift or luminosity that
marginalizes over the photometric redshift uncertainty of our candidate galaxies and incorporates the
impact of non-detections. We find a z = 12 luminosity function in good agreement with prior results,
and that the luminosity function normalization and UV luminosity density decline by a factor of ∼ 2.5
from z = 12 to z = 14. We discuss the possible implications of our results in the context of theoretical
models for evolution of the dark matter halo mass function.
Multi-source connectivity as the driver of solar wind variability in the heli...Sérgio Sacani
The ambient solar wind that flls the heliosphere originates from multiple
sources in the solar corona and is highly structured. It is often described
as high-speed, relatively homogeneous, plasma streams from coronal
holes and slow-speed, highly variable, streams whose source regions are
under debate. A key goal of ESA/NASA’s Solar Orbiter mission is to identify
solar wind sources and understand what drives the complexity seen in the
heliosphere. By combining magnetic feld modelling and spectroscopic
techniques with high-resolution observations and measurements, we show
that the solar wind variability detected in situ by Solar Orbiter in March
2022 is driven by spatio-temporal changes in the magnetic connectivity to
multiple sources in the solar atmosphere. The magnetic feld footpoints
connected to the spacecraft moved from the boundaries of a coronal hole
to one active region (12961) and then across to another region (12957). This
is refected in the in situ measurements, which show the transition from fast
to highly Alfvénic then to slow solar wind that is disrupted by the arrival of
a coronal mass ejection. Our results describe solar wind variability at 0.5 au
but are applicable to near-Earth observatories.
1. http://lodum.de
Encoding and querying
historic map content
Simon Scheider*, Jim Jones*, Alber Sanchez*, Carsten Keßler§
*University of Münster, Institute for Geoinformatics, Münster
§Hunter College, Department of Geography, NY
2. How can (we support) historians (in) find(ing)
(answers in) maps?
Question:
“What was the type of
landcover around Hildesheim
in the 19th century?”
1) Manual search
(through 20.000 maps?)
2) Text field search:
- title:
(“Gaußsche Landesaufnahme”
“Berghe Ducatus”,...)
- author:
(Gerhard Mercator, ...)
- year of production
(1680, 1839, ...)
-key words: (“topographic map”,
“Flurkarte”)
Sample from the map repository at ISTG
(Institute for comparative urban history),
Münster
3. How can (we support) historians (in) find(ing)
(answers in) maps?
Technical challenges:
1) Manual search
(through 20.000 maps?)
2) Text field search:
- title:
(“Gaußsche Landesaufnahme”
“Berghe Ducatius”,...)
- author:
(Gerhard Mercator, ...)
- year of production
(1680, 1839, ...)
-key words: (“topographic map”,
“Flurkarte”)
Not scalable!
Language?
How to pick the „right“
terms? (which correspond
to the answer?)
How to pick the „right“
place/space? („the area
around Hildesheim“)
How to pick the right time?
(„19th century“)
There are many
languages in maps (Latin, ...)!
Placenames are changing!
Historic maps are distorted and
lack CRS!
Terms are ambiguous!
There is too much content!
There is nameless content
(e.g. „landcover around Hildesheim“)!
4. How can (we support) historians (in) find(ing)
(answers in) maps?
More questions:
“What was the extent of Prussia?”
“Which territories were part of Prussia?”
“Which Prussian territories were acquired by Friedrich-Wilhelm of Brandenburg, the
great elector?“
Answer depends on time ...
and ambiguity of names ...
Prussia 1806
„Brandenburg“
(Prussia) 1688
5. How can (we support) historians (in) find(ing)
(answers in) maps?
A map answering detailed historical knowledge:
“How many people did Napoleon’s army have when soldiers arrived in Smolensk during
his 1812 campaign?“
“What were the
lowest temperatures
during Napoleon’s
campaign?”
“Which places did
Napoleon’s army
come across during the
1812 campaign?”
Minard’s map about Napoleon’s invasion of Russia 1812:
6. How can (we support) historians (in) find(ing)
(answers in) maps?
Research topics we addressed in the paper:
1) How to precisely
encode and query
- semantic,
- spatial and
- temporal
map contents?
2) How to deal with
- wealth of content
- language/naming
ambiguity?
7. Linked spatio-temporal data for historic maps
Linked spatio-temporal data enables
1. a simple und universal approach to describe
semantic contents of (map) documents
(namely, a graph)
2. complex content queries
(beyond text search) using diverse languages
3. logical expressions and reasoning for
approximate content descriptions/queries
4. linking to external resources (URI)
...and therefore: (re)-using resources and
crowdsourcing
5. using spatial (OGC simple feature) and
temporal references
Map
Berghe
Ducatus
Gerard
Mercator
is a
creator
coord
x: ….
y: ….
mapsArea
“1550”mapsTime
Berg
State
is a
Köln
maps
City
“1512”
birthDate
is a
8. Formally encoding map contents
Map contents can be treated as sets of assertions
that can be extracted by looking at the map:
In the Semantic Web,
- nameless content
- wealth of content
can be addressed by intensionality:
- logical quantification
- blank nodes
In linked data,
this translates into a
named graph:
9. Vocabularies we reused:
-For map area as well as content space:
GeoSPARQL ontology (prefix geo):
OWLtime (prefix time):
- For document properties:...
Vocabularies for historic map contents
Maps as documents (prefix maps) :
http://geographicknowledge.de/vocab/maps
10. Vocabularies for historic map contents
Content phenomena (prefix phen):
http://geographicknowledge.de/vocab/historicmapsphen [.rdf/.jpg]:
(reuse of
any
geographic/
historical
ontology,
such as: )
11. Encoding maps as linked data
For example, the map about Hildesheim 1840:
Document (graph) represents Content graph
(describing the map as document) (describing content assertions)
12. Georeferencing and annotating historic maps
http://data.uni-muenster.de/georeferencer/georef.html
1) Georeferencing
map image:
using
control points
(known locations
in Open Street Map)
15. Georeferencing and annotating historic maps
4) Describe contents
Automatically
suggested content
based on map area,
time window
Reuse of external
information recources
(e.g. the state Berg
at Dbpedia)
Different historians
can contribute to
the same map
16. Publishing maps and their contents
RESTful publication (accessible over http):
- As RDF files or KML files
- over SPARQL endpoint
- Can be accessed over the Web
for display or search
Display with Google Earth:
20. Conclusion
• Historic map contents =: named RDF graphs!
• ... allows the expression of map contents in a precise way as a set of
(triple) assertions
•... and the linking of maps as documents with their contents, reusing
published vocabularies and external links (Dbpedia)
• ... enables crowdsourcing of content descriptions
• ... makes possible intensional descriptions (using blank nodes) in
order to cope with the wealth of content, nameless content and content
approximation
• ... enables retrieval of maps that can answer historians‘ questions!
21. Future work
• Tools that help encoding map contents for non-trained
users (beyond georeferencer)?
• Tools that allow non-trained users to formulate (visual)
content based queries?
>SPEX (spatio-temporal content explorer)
(see https://github.com/lodum)
22. Dr. Simon Scheider
Institut für Geoinformatik der
Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität
Heisenbergstraße 2, 48149 Münster
simon.scheider@uni-muenster.de
Tel.: 0251 I 83-30088
Thanks for your
attention!