Conference on "Macau's Bridging Role between China and Peru" in the 19th Macao International Trade and Investment Fair Latin American Business Forum October 24, 2014 Macau
Se ha anunciado que el estudio de factibilidad para el establecimiento de un Tratado de Libre Comercio (TLC) con la India ha concluido con un visto bueno de ambas partes y que es probable que a fines de año se inicien las negociaciones para tener un TLC con ese país.
India es el segundo país más poblado del mundo, con casi 1,300 millones de habitantes, y se prevé que para la primera mitad de la próxima década podría pasar a China como el país más poblado del mundo. Desde el año pasado India crece más que China, creció 7.6% comparado con 6.9% en el año 2015, y todo indica que en los próximos años crecerá más que China.
China estableció relaciones diplomáticas con un ex aliado de Taiwán, Gambia, el 17 de marzo, poniendo fin a una tregua diplomática no oficial entre China y Taiwán como consecuencia de la elección en enero de la líder de un partido independentista como Presidente de Taiwán.
Gambia, un pequeño país en África, rompió relaciones con Taiwán en noviembre de 2013, causando la ira en Taipéi, pero China en ese momento no hizo nada entonces para ganarlo a su lado.
This document provides an overview of relations between the US, China, and Latin America. It notes that China has become Latin America's largest trading partner, surpassing the US in some countries. While US investment in the region is more diversified, Chinese investment and loans are concentrated in mining and raw materials. The document then examines relations specifically between China, the US, and Peru in detail. It finds that China is now Peru's largest trading partner and a major source of investment, mainly in mining. Overall the analysis suggests China's influence in Latin America is growing as it seeks natural resources, while some view its trade practices as unfair competition.
INDEX
I. Similarities between Andean, Mesoamerican (Pre-Columbian civilizations) and Chinese civilizations. First contacts
II. History of old relations between China and Latin America, The Galleon trade: Manila-Acapulco
III. Chinese immigration to the region from the 1840s and diplomatic relations from 1874 onwards
IV. China and Latin America economic relations: Trade, Investment and Cooperation I
V. China and Latin America economic relations: Trade, Investment and Cooperation II
VI. China and Latin America economic relations: Trade, Investment and Cooperation III
VII. The present day Chinese community in the region and influence of Chinese culture
VIII. Towards a new type of China Latin America relationship
Mas del 97% de las empresas en las economias del APEC son Pequeñas y Medianas Empresas (PYME)
La contribución económica de las PYME en las economias del APEC varia. En Taiwan (Taipei chino) contribuyen con el 30% del total de ventas anuales, en Australia con el 39% del valor añadido en la Industria, en Japon con el 51% del Producto Bruto Interno, PBI, en China e Indonesia con el 59% del PBI.
Contribuyen con el 66% del empleo en Japon, 78% en Taiwan, y 92% en Indonesia. En Peru con el 62%.
Conference on "Macau's Bridging Role between China and Peru" in the 19th Macao International Trade and Investment Fair Latin American Business Forum October 24, 2014 Macau
Se ha anunciado que el estudio de factibilidad para el establecimiento de un Tratado de Libre Comercio (TLC) con la India ha concluido con un visto bueno de ambas partes y que es probable que a fines de año se inicien las negociaciones para tener un TLC con ese país.
India es el segundo país más poblado del mundo, con casi 1,300 millones de habitantes, y se prevé que para la primera mitad de la próxima década podría pasar a China como el país más poblado del mundo. Desde el año pasado India crece más que China, creció 7.6% comparado con 6.9% en el año 2015, y todo indica que en los próximos años crecerá más que China.
China estableció relaciones diplomáticas con un ex aliado de Taiwán, Gambia, el 17 de marzo, poniendo fin a una tregua diplomática no oficial entre China y Taiwán como consecuencia de la elección en enero de la líder de un partido independentista como Presidente de Taiwán.
Gambia, un pequeño país en África, rompió relaciones con Taiwán en noviembre de 2013, causando la ira en Taipéi, pero China en ese momento no hizo nada entonces para ganarlo a su lado.
This document provides an overview of relations between the US, China, and Latin America. It notes that China has become Latin America's largest trading partner, surpassing the US in some countries. While US investment in the region is more diversified, Chinese investment and loans are concentrated in mining and raw materials. The document then examines relations specifically between China, the US, and Peru in detail. It finds that China is now Peru's largest trading partner and a major source of investment, mainly in mining. Overall the analysis suggests China's influence in Latin America is growing as it seeks natural resources, while some view its trade practices as unfair competition.
INDEX
I. Similarities between Andean, Mesoamerican (Pre-Columbian civilizations) and Chinese civilizations. First contacts
II. History of old relations between China and Latin America, The Galleon trade: Manila-Acapulco
III. Chinese immigration to the region from the 1840s and diplomatic relations from 1874 onwards
IV. China and Latin America economic relations: Trade, Investment and Cooperation I
V. China and Latin America economic relations: Trade, Investment and Cooperation II
VI. China and Latin America economic relations: Trade, Investment and Cooperation III
VII. The present day Chinese community in the region and influence of Chinese culture
VIII. Towards a new type of China Latin America relationship
Mas del 97% de las empresas en las economias del APEC son Pequeñas y Medianas Empresas (PYME)
La contribución económica de las PYME en las economias del APEC varia. En Taiwan (Taipei chino) contribuyen con el 30% del total de ventas anuales, en Australia con el 39% del valor añadido en la Industria, en Japon con el 51% del Producto Bruto Interno, PBI, en China e Indonesia con el 59% del PBI.
Contribuyen con el 66% del empleo en Japon, 78% en Taiwan, y 92% en Indonesia. En Peru con el 62%.
Temario:
I. Introducción
II. Importancia del Asia Oriental
III. Visión estratégica de China, Japón y Corea
IV. Visión estratégica del Perú frente al Asia Pacifico
V. Conclusiones
El Presidente Pedro Pablo Kuczynski viajará a China en septiembre para fortalecer las relaciones entre los dos países, reconociendo a China como el mayor socio comercial y mayor inversor en el Perú. La agenda incluye buscar más inversión china en industrialización, infraestructura y agroindustria; eliminar obstáculos fitosanitarios para exportar más productos agroindustriales peruanos a China; y atraer más turistas chinos al Perú facilitando la obtención de visas.
TPP negotiations are expected to finish this year but this seems to be difficult now. It would be one of the most ambitious liberalizations agreements as it wouldn’t leave any sector of the economy out of this process. Furthermore, it is considered that TPP would be a step to complete the process of liberalization between the 21 APEC economies.
Peru and China have a long history of economic and cultural relations dating back over 150 years. China is now Peru's largest trade partner and a major source of investment in Peru's mining and other natural resource sectors. While trade is asymmetric with Peru exporting mainly raw materials and importing manufactured goods, the economic relationship has benefited both countries and helped drive economic growth in Peru. Chinese investment and cooperation are expected to continue playing an important role in Peru's economy going forward.
The Vision Group reviewed the rationale for FEALAC and concluded its original vision remains relevant today. FEALAC aims to increase understanding and cooperation between East Asia and Latin America. While the world has changed significantly since FEALAC's founding in 2001, private sector links and South-South relations have grown in importance. The nature of global issues has also expanded from security and economics to include development, environment, and governance challenges. However, the international system faces difficulties achieving reforms and agreements on issues like climate change and trade. The Vision Group sees inter-regional forums like FEALAC as important to bridge regionalism and multilateralism in addressing these strategic issues.
Peru has developed strong economic ties with Asia in recent decades. Trade relations have expanded greatly, with China now Peru's largest trade partner and export market. Investment from Asia, especially from China, has also increased significantly. Peru receives economic cooperation from countries like Japan and South Korea. However, the relationship remains asymmetric, with Peru mainly exporting raw materials. Strengthening value-added exports and further engagement will be important to deepening economic integration between Peru and Asia.
Introduction
-China and Latin America have a long time relationship
-That includes inmigration, diplomatic links, and increasingly trade and investment
-The nature of the present trade and investment relationship call for a cooperative approach and a common agenda is called for it.
-The two will become increasingly linked.
Temario:
I. Introducción
II. Importancia del Asia Oriental
III. Visión estratégica de China, Japón y Corea
IV. Visión estratégica del Perú frente al Asia Pacifico
V. Conclusiones
El Presidente Pedro Pablo Kuczynski viajará a China en septiembre para fortalecer las relaciones entre los dos países, reconociendo a China como el mayor socio comercial y mayor inversor en el Perú. La agenda incluye buscar más inversión china en industrialización, infraestructura y agroindustria; eliminar obstáculos fitosanitarios para exportar más productos agroindustriales peruanos a China; y atraer más turistas chinos al Perú facilitando la obtención de visas.
TPP negotiations are expected to finish this year but this seems to be difficult now. It would be one of the most ambitious liberalizations agreements as it wouldn’t leave any sector of the economy out of this process. Furthermore, it is considered that TPP would be a step to complete the process of liberalization between the 21 APEC economies.
Peru and China have a long history of economic and cultural relations dating back over 150 years. China is now Peru's largest trade partner and a major source of investment in Peru's mining and other natural resource sectors. While trade is asymmetric with Peru exporting mainly raw materials and importing manufactured goods, the economic relationship has benefited both countries and helped drive economic growth in Peru. Chinese investment and cooperation are expected to continue playing an important role in Peru's economy going forward.
The Vision Group reviewed the rationale for FEALAC and concluded its original vision remains relevant today. FEALAC aims to increase understanding and cooperation between East Asia and Latin America. While the world has changed significantly since FEALAC's founding in 2001, private sector links and South-South relations have grown in importance. The nature of global issues has also expanded from security and economics to include development, environment, and governance challenges. However, the international system faces difficulties achieving reforms and agreements on issues like climate change and trade. The Vision Group sees inter-regional forums like FEALAC as important to bridge regionalism and multilateralism in addressing these strategic issues.
Peru has developed strong economic ties with Asia in recent decades. Trade relations have expanded greatly, with China now Peru's largest trade partner and export market. Investment from Asia, especially from China, has also increased significantly. Peru receives economic cooperation from countries like Japan and South Korea. However, the relationship remains asymmetric, with Peru mainly exporting raw materials. Strengthening value-added exports and further engagement will be important to deepening economic integration between Peru and Asia.
Introduction
-China and Latin America have a long time relationship
-That includes inmigration, diplomatic links, and increasingly trade and investment
-The nature of the present trade and investment relationship call for a cooperative approach and a common agenda is called for it.
-The two will become increasingly linked.
1. “Business Opportunities in Peru
and Peru Japan EPA”
Carlos Aquino Rodríguez
Professor, San Marcos National University
Mail: carloskobe2005@yahoo.com
3. Index
• I. Why Peru?
• II. Overview of Peru and Japan economic
relationship
• III. Peru Japan EPA
• IV. Opportunities
• V. Conclusions
4. 構成
• I. ペルーの魅力
• II. ペルーと日本の経済関係
• III. 両国間EPA
• IV. 両国政府・企業への期待
• V. むすび
5. I. Why Peru?
• Peru is a middle income country, with a GDP per capita
of 5,890 dollars (2011) and a population of 30 million
people.
• It has achieved sustained growth of its economy in the
last ten years
• It is establishing a modern legal and stable framework
• Increasing participation in the global economy
• Strategic location in South Pacific
• Vast natural resources and variety of climates
• High potential growth sectors
7. Gross Domestic Product 2000-2011
(In billions of US$
Source: Central Reserve Bank of Peru (BCRP)
Prepared by: ProInversión
8. Economic Growth Rate
Projections – Latin America: 2012-2014
(Annual Average Variation%)
Source: Ministry of Economy and Finances (MEF) and IMF
9. Exports from Peru to mains partners in Asia members of APEC (in million dollars)
(FOB)
Source: Peru’s Customs Office:
http://www.aduanet.gob.pe/aduanas/informae/BalContiZonaPais_01122011.htm
Country/Economy 1993 1997 2003 2006 2008 2010 2011
World Total 3,344.40 6,741.75 8,939.82 23,431.43 31,162.75 35,073.25 45,636.0
Australia 14.99 16.31 53.12 38.25 79.81 117.5 115.0
South Korea 59.36 91.50 176.34 545.27 551.69 894.9 1,694.9
China 140.84 490.06 676.96 2,267.27 3,737.24 5,425.9 6,961.4
Hong Kong 28.60 68.82 30.31 42.14 54.21 78.5 91.9
Japan 299.04 473.57 391.16 1,229.76 1,853.18 1,790.4 2,174.6
New Zeeland 1.50 - 3.72 7.59 12.60 13.5 18.3
Russia 9.90 9.48 14.18 25.61 21.74 57.9 79.3
Taiwan 118.78 159.11 147.28 415.03 596.11 293.0 368.7
10. I. Why Peru?
• Peru’s economy is the one growing faster in Latin
America
• In the present difficult world economic situation
the country is well prepared to face it. Public debt
is 21% of GDP, and Net International Reserves are
58.2 billions dollars (around 30% of GDP)
• In the medium and long term the perspectives
are good.
• Peru has a lot of natural resources and a growing
population. A sizeable middle class is appearing
12. What are the challenges?
• In the short term improvement of physical
infrastructure is needed
• Also the improvement of educational standards is
an urgent task
• Government spending capacity should be
improved
• And we need to give more valued added to our
natural resources
• For that we need also foreign investment and
new foreign markets
14. II. Overview of Peru and Japan economic
relationship
• Political and economic relations are in their best
moment of history
• Peru and Japan relationship is very old
• Peru was the first country in Latin America to establish
diplomatic relations with Japan, in 1873
• Peru was the first country to receive Japan FDI, in 1888
• Peru was also the first country to receive Japanese
immigration in South America, from 1899. As a result
Peru has the second largest community of people of
japanese origin in the region.
15. II. ペルーと日本の経済関係 ①
• 現在両国は、政治・経済の両面で史上最
良の関係にある
• 長い歴史のある両国関係
• ペルーは、1873年にラテンアメリカで最
初に日本と国交を樹立、1888年には世界
で初めて日本のFDIを受入れた。
• また、1899には南米で初めて日本から移
民を受入れ、その結果、 ラテンアメリカ
で二番目に大きい日系人社会が存在して
いる
16. II. Overview of Peru and Japan economic
relationship
• Japan is the seventh largest trade partner of Peru. In
the year 2011 two way trade was 3.5 bilions dollars.
• Peru exported that year 2,174 million dollars to
Japan, 20% more than in 2010, and imported 1,307
million dollars, 5% less than the year before
• Most of Peru exports to Japan are raw materials, like
copper, natural gas, fishmeal, zinc, lead, iron
ore, etc, while imports from Japan are manufactured
goods (vehicles, machinery, etc.).
• Japan is the fifth largest export destination and the
10th biggest source of Peru imports
17. II. ペルーと日本の経済関係 ②
• 日本は、ペルーにとって世界第七位の貿易相
手国である。2011年の両国間貿易額は、35億
ドルで、日本への輸出は前年比20%増の
21.74億ドル、日本からの輸入は、前年比5%
減の13.07億ドルであった。
• 日本への主な輸出品は、銅、天然ガス、魚
粉、亜鉛、鉛、鉄鉱石等の一次産品であり、
日本からの主な輸入品は、工業製品(自動
車、機械等)である。
• 日本は、輸出先として世界第五位、輸入元と
して第10位の相手国である。
18. II. Overview of Peru and Japan economic
relationship
• Foreign Direct Investment in Peru has been
growing steadily in the last years.
• The stock of Japan FDI in Peru at the end of 2011
was 432 millions dollars according to
Proinversion.
• Japan is the 14th largest source of FDI in Peru and
the second largest from Asia.
• Japan FDI is mainly in the mining, industrial and
commercial sector.
• Peru and Japan have signed a BIT
22. II. Overview of Peru and Japan
economic relationship
• Regarding Japan’s ODA, Peru is the largest
recipient in Latin America of such aid, according
to data from Japan’s Embassy in Peru.
• At the end of 2009 that amount reached 5,909
million dollars, around 17% of the total in the
region.
• There is an important community of Peruvians
living in Japan, around 57 thousand (the fifth
largest group of foreigners living in the country)
• Peru and Japan are members of APEC forum, and
have signed an EPA.
25. III. Peru Japan EPA
• The agreement was signed in May 2011 and
came into effect in March 1st this year
• Thanks to this agreement tariffs to around 99% of
traded items will be zero in ten years time.
• In the peruvian side, products likely to benefit are
agroindustrial, fishery, foresty, textile and
apparel, etc.
• In the japanese side vehicles, machinery, electric
appliances will benefit
27. III. Peru Japan EPA
• The agreement also cover the theme of
services, movement of persons, investment.
• An important point of the agreement is
cooperation aspect
• This cover several areas like human resource
development (for SMEs for example), technical
assistance and the sending of experts in the field
of fisheries, environment, information
technology, tourism, agriculture, transport
29. IV.-1 Opportunities
• Peru has a wide range of FTA agreements with
important economies, like
U.S, Canada, China, South Korea, European
Union, and most of Latin American countries
• Peru is also negotiating a comprehensive
trade liberalization scheme within the TPP
agreement involving 9 countries in the Pacific
Rim
31. IV.-2 What to do?
• Japanese businessmen have to be more active
at doing business
• Also Peru businessmen have to do that.
• It is important to know each other
idiosyncrasy, culture, etc.
• In that sense CEPEJA has a lot of job to do
33. Conclusions
• In Peru we have many things to do, and one of
these is to know more about the Japanese
market, its consumers needs, its businessmen
way of doing business
• This is Peru time. Peruvians believe that.
• We hope you share with us that opportunity
• Thank you