Parliament must assert its sovereignty in the Brexit process by passing a bill that sets conditions on the UK's withdrawal from the EU. Specifically, the bill would require the government to negotiate remaining in the single market and maintain special arrangements for Northern Ireland. If these conditions are not met within a year of negotiations, Parliament could consider calling for another referendum. This process would allow the UK to remain in the EU in a way that respects the first referendum result. The author argues that preparation for this parliamentary process needs to begin immediately.
This document provides a summary of EU citizens' rights to move and live freely within Europe. It discusses that any EU citizen has the right to reside in any other EU country for up to 3 months without formalities. After 3 months, the citizen or their family members must register their presence or meet certain criteria to retain their residence rights. The document outlines the rights that come with EU citizenship and which family members are entitled to rights of residence and entry.
With Brexit the defining issue of the Labour Party conference I thought it worth re-visiting the EU (Withdrawal) Act 2018. It remains the key piece of Brexit legislation and it's vital that everyone, from individuals, to local authorities, companies, SME, and NGOs, has a thorough understanding. Given the extent of EU Law and its impact on our day to day lives, the powers (in the Act) to re-write law is likely to have significant and wide ranging impacts.
The United Kingdom is free to unilaterally revoke its notification to withdraw from the EU as long as a withdrawal agreement has not been ratified or the two year period has not expired. Such a revocation would result in the UK remaining an EU member state under its current terms. The Court ruled that Article 50 does not prohibit revocation and allowing the UK to revoke supports the sovereign right of EU members to decide their own membership. For a revocation to be valid, it must follow the UK's constitutional process and be an unequivocal and unconditional decision communicated in writing.
Kowalik banczyk - the publication of the european commission’s guidelines in ...Michal
The Polish Supreme Court referred a preliminary question to the Court of Justice of the European Union regarding the legal character and effect of European Commission guidelines. Specifically, the question concerned whether the Commission's guidelines on market analysis, which national regulators are required to take utmost account of, can be relied upon against individuals in a Member State if the guidelines have not been published in that Member State's official language. The case involved a Polish telecommunications regulator relying on the guidelines, published only in English, to designate an entity as having significant market power. The entity challenged the decision, arguing the guidelines could not be applied under Polish law since they were not published in Polish. The Supreme Court sought clarification on whether failure to publish the guidelines in Polish
A simple system to track the implementation Rule 17 of the SCs and STs (PoA) Act 1989 and Rules 1995.
This contains a step by step guide, and will tell you the basics of monitoring a District Vigilance and Monitoring Committee (DVMC).
Use along with the set of 10 files (POA 1 to POA 9) to monitor its implementation using the Right to Information Act 2005 (RTI).
Download the whole set and use!
European Parliament elections: common principles and national peculiaritiestelosaes
The document summarizes the common rules and national differences regarding European Parliament elections in EU member states. Some key points:
- Elections will take place May 22-25, 2014 in all 28 EU countries. Dates were moved up from June to avoid holidays.
- Common rules include direct universal suffrage since 1976 and proportional representation since 2002. National laws still differ significantly in areas like electoral systems, constituency boundaries, voter eligibility, and candidate nomination processes.
- Most countries function as a single constituency but some like UK, France, Italy divide territory into regional constituencies. Eligible voting age is 18 except 16 in Austria. Rules for citizens voting abroad vary widely.
- To stand as a candidate generally
Parliament must assert its sovereignty in the Brexit process by passing a bill that sets conditions on the UK's withdrawal from the EU. Specifically, the bill would require the government to negotiate remaining in the single market and maintain special arrangements for Northern Ireland. If these conditions are not met within a year of negotiations, Parliament could consider calling for another referendum. This process would allow the UK to remain in the EU in a way that respects the first referendum result. The author argues that preparation for this parliamentary process needs to begin immediately.
This document provides a summary of EU citizens' rights to move and live freely within Europe. It discusses that any EU citizen has the right to reside in any other EU country for up to 3 months without formalities. After 3 months, the citizen or their family members must register their presence or meet certain criteria to retain their residence rights. The document outlines the rights that come with EU citizenship and which family members are entitled to rights of residence and entry.
With Brexit the defining issue of the Labour Party conference I thought it worth re-visiting the EU (Withdrawal) Act 2018. It remains the key piece of Brexit legislation and it's vital that everyone, from individuals, to local authorities, companies, SME, and NGOs, has a thorough understanding. Given the extent of EU Law and its impact on our day to day lives, the powers (in the Act) to re-write law is likely to have significant and wide ranging impacts.
The United Kingdom is free to unilaterally revoke its notification to withdraw from the EU as long as a withdrawal agreement has not been ratified or the two year period has not expired. Such a revocation would result in the UK remaining an EU member state under its current terms. The Court ruled that Article 50 does not prohibit revocation and allowing the UK to revoke supports the sovereign right of EU members to decide their own membership. For a revocation to be valid, it must follow the UK's constitutional process and be an unequivocal and unconditional decision communicated in writing.
Kowalik banczyk - the publication of the european commission’s guidelines in ...Michal
The Polish Supreme Court referred a preliminary question to the Court of Justice of the European Union regarding the legal character and effect of European Commission guidelines. Specifically, the question concerned whether the Commission's guidelines on market analysis, which national regulators are required to take utmost account of, can be relied upon against individuals in a Member State if the guidelines have not been published in that Member State's official language. The case involved a Polish telecommunications regulator relying on the guidelines, published only in English, to designate an entity as having significant market power. The entity challenged the decision, arguing the guidelines could not be applied under Polish law since they were not published in Polish. The Supreme Court sought clarification on whether failure to publish the guidelines in Polish
A simple system to track the implementation Rule 17 of the SCs and STs (PoA) Act 1989 and Rules 1995.
This contains a step by step guide, and will tell you the basics of monitoring a District Vigilance and Monitoring Committee (DVMC).
Use along with the set of 10 files (POA 1 to POA 9) to monitor its implementation using the Right to Information Act 2005 (RTI).
Download the whole set and use!
European Parliament elections: common principles and national peculiaritiestelosaes
The document summarizes the common rules and national differences regarding European Parliament elections in EU member states. Some key points:
- Elections will take place May 22-25, 2014 in all 28 EU countries. Dates were moved up from June to avoid holidays.
- Common rules include direct universal suffrage since 1976 and proportional representation since 2002. National laws still differ significantly in areas like electoral systems, constituency boundaries, voter eligibility, and candidate nomination processes.
- Most countries function as a single constituency but some like UK, France, Italy divide territory into regional constituencies. Eligible voting age is 18 except 16 in Austria. Rules for citizens voting abroad vary widely.
- To stand as a candidate generally
1. A referendum on whether the UK should remain a member of the EU will take place on June 23, 2016 under the European Union Referendum Act 2015.
2. The Act requires the Secretary of State to publish reports on matters agreed in EU membership negotiations and on the rights and obligations that come with EU membership.
3. The referendum question will ask "Should the United Kingdom remain a member of the European Union or leave the European Union?" with answers being to remain or leave.
This document establishes the Independent National Electoral Commission to regulate elections in Nigeria. It outlines the Commission's functions, including voter registration and education. It establishes an Electoral Commission Fund and outlines procedures for voter registration, objections, and maintaining an accurate national voter register. The document also defines offenses related to voter registration, possession of voter cards, and making false statements during the registration process.
Legal shorts 23.05.14 including updated EMIR implementation Q&As and CC&G aut...Cummings
This document provides a summary of recent financial services industry developments, including updates to EMIR and CRD IV regulations in the EU, authorization of an Italian central counterparty under EMIR, UK government correspondence on shadow banking, and the OECD publishing regulatory enforcement principles. It also mentions European Commission objections to an interest rate derivatives cartel and updated FATCA guidance from British legal organizations.
The document discusses various legal mechanisms for enforcing EU law against EU institutions:
1) Article 263 allows EU member states, institutions and individuals to challenge the legality of EU legislative and regulatory acts before the Court of Justice if they infringe treaty rules or procedural requirements.
2) Article 265 allows member states and institutions to bring an action before the Court if EU institutions fail to act and thereby infringe the treaties.
3) Articles 268 and 340 allow individuals to claim damages from EU institutions for breach of EU law if the infringement is sufficiently serious and causes direct loss. However, institutions have some discretion.
The sources of EU law are primary sources like treaties, secondary sources like regulations and directives, and tertiary sources like case law from the European Court of Justice. Primary sources are the most significant as all subsequent law must be derived from them. Secondary legislation includes regulations which are directly applicable, and directives which require implementation by member states. Tertiary sources include principles of EU law developed by the ECJ like proportionality, subsidiarity, and equality.
This document provides information about the Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System (Harmonized System or HS) and the ASEAN Harmonized Tariff Nomenclature (AHTN). It discusses the origin and development of the HS, its composition and uses. It also explains what the AHTN is, its relationship to the HS, and its advantages. Finally, it outlines the General Interpretative Rules that provide principles for classification under the HS nomenclature.
The document is the Union Territory Goods and Services Tax Bill, 2017 which proposes a law to levy and collect tax on intra-state supply of goods or services within Union Territories in India. Some key points:
- It contains 9 chapters covering preliminary aspects, administration, levy and collection of tax, payment procedures, inspections, demands and recovery, advance rulings and transitional provisions.
- The Commissioner of Union Territory Tax will administer the law along with other officers. Taxes like integrated tax and central tax can also be collected by officers under this law.
- A tax called the Union Territory Tax will be levied on all intra-state supplies of goods/services at rates up to 20%
Effective application of EU law is essential if the European
Union is to meet its objectives as set in the treaties and
enhance the credibility of the EU institutions in the eyes of
the citizens and the public at large.
While Member States are responsible for transposing
directives on time and accurately, and for correctly applying
and implementing EU law as a whole, the Commission
monitors the application of EU law and ensures that their
legislation complies with EU law.
Amendments to the covid19 regulations pdf2SABC News
The Minister of COGTA has amended the COVID-19 regulations to reinforce the national response. The amendments allow limited inter-provincial travel for funeral attendance by close family members and require a permit. Transport services have also been amended to allow commuter services at reduced capacity, and regulations have been introduced to develop a national COVID-19 tracing database including test results and known contacts of infected individuals. Other changes allow all spaza shops and informal food vendors to operate with permits.
- The document contains the text of the Lokpal and Lokayuktas Bill, 2013 as passed by both houses of Parliament, incorporating amendments made by Rajya Sabha.
- The bill establishes the Lokpal, an anti-corruption ombudsman organization for the Union government of India, and provides for inquiries into allegations of corruption against public servants.
- It outlines the composition, appointment process, powers, and functions of the Lokpal organization and its various wings.
The Poison Act of 1919 was passed in India to more strictly control the import, possession, and sale of poisons following the realization that the 1904 Poisons Act provided inadequate control. The 1919 Act authorized the central government to regulate poison imports across customs frontiers and empowered state governments to make rules governing possession and sale of poisons within their territories, including requiring licenses. It also established penalties for violations and allowed searches of places suspected of containing illegal poisons.
The voting system in Italy: majoritarian, proportional and mixed; electoral colleges, electoral thresholds, majority bonuses. We try to clarify the basic elements of the electoral laws since Italy became a Republic and why they have led to the recent ruling of the Constitutional Court regarding the Italicum.
The document outlines the hierarchy of legal control over educational policy and practice in Canada. It begins with the Constitution, then discusses statutes like the Education Act, regulations made under statutes, common law precedents set in court cases, and rules/policies of school boards. It notes that school boards are creatures of provincial governments and can be eliminated by them. The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms and its provisions on language education rights and application of the Charter are also summarized.
The document outlines the hierarchy of legal control over educational policy and practice in Canada. It begins with the Constitution, then discusses statutes like the Education Act, regulations made under statutes, common law precedents set in court cases, and rules/policies of school boards. It notes that school boards are creatures of provincial governments and can be eliminated by them. The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms and its provisions on language education rights and application of the Charter are also summarized.
This document provides an opinion from the European Commission for Democracy through Law (Venice Commission) on amendments to Ukraine's Law on Elections regarding the exclusion of candidates from party lists. The opinion finds that allowing parties to remove candidates from lists after an election violates democratic principles and the will of voters. It concludes that parties should not be able to change candidate lists once voting has begun.
There are four main methods for amending Malaysia's constitution outlined in the document:
1) A simple majority in both houses of Parliament for minor amendments.
2) A two-thirds majority in both houses for other amendments.
3) A two-thirds majority in both houses plus consent from the Conference of Rulers for certain important amendments.
4) A two-thirds majority in both houses plus consent from the Yang di-Pertua Negeri of Sabah or Sarawak for amendments affecting their rights. Emergency powers provide a fifth method. The philosophy is to avoid processes that are too difficult or too easy to amend the constitution.
On 19 September 2006, the Royal Thai Armed Forces staged a coup d'état against then prime minister Thaksin Shinawatra, abrogated the 1997 constitution and formed a junta called Council for Democratic Reform (CDR). The 2006 interim constitution was then promulgated by King Bhumibol Adulyadej upon advice of the CDR leader, General Sonthi Boonyaratglin. The interim constitution established a Constitutional Convention (CC) and charged it with the duty to draft a new constitution before presenting the draft to the National Legislative Assembly (NLA), a legislature replacing the National Assembly abrogated by the CDR.[1] The CC set up a constituent committee to draw up the draft. The committee consisted of thirty five members, of whom 25 were selected by the CC itself and the other 10 were selected by the CC upon advice of the CDR.
European Union law consists of primary, secondary, and supplementary sources. Primary sources include the Treaties establishing the European Union. Secondary sources are legal instruments based on the Treaties. Supplementary sources include case law, international law, and general principles. European Union law is applied by member state courts and the European Commission can take action if member states fail to properly implement directives. The Court of Justice of the European Union interprets European Union law.
The Poisons Act of 1919 was passed in India to control the possession and sale of specified poisons. It gives powers to both central and state governments to regulate the import, possession, and sale of poisons. Anyone who imports or sells poisons without a license or breaks the conditions of an import license can be punished with fines or imprisonment. The act also allows state governments to regulate possession of certain poisons in local areas where poisoning of cattle is a frequent problem. It includes lists of common poisonous substances that are regulated under the act.
This document discusses two issues that pose risks of assimilation of the Sami population in Finland:
1) Recent rulings by the Finnish Supreme Court that broaden eligibility for the Sami parliament in a way that could allow hundreds of thousands of non-Sami individuals to claim Sami status.
2) A ruling upholding a decision that would force the slaughter of almost the entire reindeer herd of four Sami herders, threatening their traditional livelihood. The document calls on Finland to review its laws to better protect Sami land rights and traditional livelihoods from assimilation into the Finnish majority.
This document summarizes a campus' technology plan based on the Texas STAR Chart. It shows the campus has advanced or target levels in key areas like teaching and learning, educator preparation, leadership, and infrastructure based on STAR Chart data from 2008-2009 to 2010-2011. The plan calls for appropriate technology integration in core subjects, at least 4 tech application courses in high school, and student projects aligned with standards and online resources. It also addresses administrative support, infrastructure needs, and professional development to help teachers implement new technologies and differentiate instruction for diverse students.
Study of Serum Homocysteine and Vitamin B12 levels in Eclampsia, Pre-Eclampsi...Internet Medical Journal
The present study was carried out to evaluate the occurrence of association between homocysteine, and vitamin B12 in patients with Preeclampsia , Eclampsia and those with history of previous PIH. 30 such patients from obstetric ward were studied for estimation of serum homocysteine, and vitamin B12 over a period of Jan10 to Jun 2011. Serum homocysteine and vitamin B12 were determined by means of Immulite 1000 analyzer. The statistical analysis of study group of preeclampsia compared with normotensive control group, showed significant alterations in serum homocysteine, and vitamin B12 concentrations in preeclampsia and eclampsia group. Inverse association between serum homocysteine and vitamin B12 levels were observed in preeclampsia and eclampsia. The present study found hyperhomocysteinemia and deficiency of vitamin B12 along with increased blood pressure as a risk factor in preeclampsia. Final outcome of these patients after Inj Vitamin B12 therapy has improved at par with control group without any neonatal or maternal mortality in all four groups
1. A referendum on whether the UK should remain a member of the EU will take place on June 23, 2016 under the European Union Referendum Act 2015.
2. The Act requires the Secretary of State to publish reports on matters agreed in EU membership negotiations and on the rights and obligations that come with EU membership.
3. The referendum question will ask "Should the United Kingdom remain a member of the European Union or leave the European Union?" with answers being to remain or leave.
This document establishes the Independent National Electoral Commission to regulate elections in Nigeria. It outlines the Commission's functions, including voter registration and education. It establishes an Electoral Commission Fund and outlines procedures for voter registration, objections, and maintaining an accurate national voter register. The document also defines offenses related to voter registration, possession of voter cards, and making false statements during the registration process.
Legal shorts 23.05.14 including updated EMIR implementation Q&As and CC&G aut...Cummings
This document provides a summary of recent financial services industry developments, including updates to EMIR and CRD IV regulations in the EU, authorization of an Italian central counterparty under EMIR, UK government correspondence on shadow banking, and the OECD publishing regulatory enforcement principles. It also mentions European Commission objections to an interest rate derivatives cartel and updated FATCA guidance from British legal organizations.
The document discusses various legal mechanisms for enforcing EU law against EU institutions:
1) Article 263 allows EU member states, institutions and individuals to challenge the legality of EU legislative and regulatory acts before the Court of Justice if they infringe treaty rules or procedural requirements.
2) Article 265 allows member states and institutions to bring an action before the Court if EU institutions fail to act and thereby infringe the treaties.
3) Articles 268 and 340 allow individuals to claim damages from EU institutions for breach of EU law if the infringement is sufficiently serious and causes direct loss. However, institutions have some discretion.
The sources of EU law are primary sources like treaties, secondary sources like regulations and directives, and tertiary sources like case law from the European Court of Justice. Primary sources are the most significant as all subsequent law must be derived from them. Secondary legislation includes regulations which are directly applicable, and directives which require implementation by member states. Tertiary sources include principles of EU law developed by the ECJ like proportionality, subsidiarity, and equality.
This document provides information about the Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System (Harmonized System or HS) and the ASEAN Harmonized Tariff Nomenclature (AHTN). It discusses the origin and development of the HS, its composition and uses. It also explains what the AHTN is, its relationship to the HS, and its advantages. Finally, it outlines the General Interpretative Rules that provide principles for classification under the HS nomenclature.
The document is the Union Territory Goods and Services Tax Bill, 2017 which proposes a law to levy and collect tax on intra-state supply of goods or services within Union Territories in India. Some key points:
- It contains 9 chapters covering preliminary aspects, administration, levy and collection of tax, payment procedures, inspections, demands and recovery, advance rulings and transitional provisions.
- The Commissioner of Union Territory Tax will administer the law along with other officers. Taxes like integrated tax and central tax can also be collected by officers under this law.
- A tax called the Union Territory Tax will be levied on all intra-state supplies of goods/services at rates up to 20%
Effective application of EU law is essential if the European
Union is to meet its objectives as set in the treaties and
enhance the credibility of the EU institutions in the eyes of
the citizens and the public at large.
While Member States are responsible for transposing
directives on time and accurately, and for correctly applying
and implementing EU law as a whole, the Commission
monitors the application of EU law and ensures that their
legislation complies with EU law.
Amendments to the covid19 regulations pdf2SABC News
The Minister of COGTA has amended the COVID-19 regulations to reinforce the national response. The amendments allow limited inter-provincial travel for funeral attendance by close family members and require a permit. Transport services have also been amended to allow commuter services at reduced capacity, and regulations have been introduced to develop a national COVID-19 tracing database including test results and known contacts of infected individuals. Other changes allow all spaza shops and informal food vendors to operate with permits.
- The document contains the text of the Lokpal and Lokayuktas Bill, 2013 as passed by both houses of Parliament, incorporating amendments made by Rajya Sabha.
- The bill establishes the Lokpal, an anti-corruption ombudsman organization for the Union government of India, and provides for inquiries into allegations of corruption against public servants.
- It outlines the composition, appointment process, powers, and functions of the Lokpal organization and its various wings.
The Poison Act of 1919 was passed in India to more strictly control the import, possession, and sale of poisons following the realization that the 1904 Poisons Act provided inadequate control. The 1919 Act authorized the central government to regulate poison imports across customs frontiers and empowered state governments to make rules governing possession and sale of poisons within their territories, including requiring licenses. It also established penalties for violations and allowed searches of places suspected of containing illegal poisons.
The voting system in Italy: majoritarian, proportional and mixed; electoral colleges, electoral thresholds, majority bonuses. We try to clarify the basic elements of the electoral laws since Italy became a Republic and why they have led to the recent ruling of the Constitutional Court regarding the Italicum.
The document outlines the hierarchy of legal control over educational policy and practice in Canada. It begins with the Constitution, then discusses statutes like the Education Act, regulations made under statutes, common law precedents set in court cases, and rules/policies of school boards. It notes that school boards are creatures of provincial governments and can be eliminated by them. The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms and its provisions on language education rights and application of the Charter are also summarized.
The document outlines the hierarchy of legal control over educational policy and practice in Canada. It begins with the Constitution, then discusses statutes like the Education Act, regulations made under statutes, common law precedents set in court cases, and rules/policies of school boards. It notes that school boards are creatures of provincial governments and can be eliminated by them. The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms and its provisions on language education rights and application of the Charter are also summarized.
This document provides an opinion from the European Commission for Democracy through Law (Venice Commission) on amendments to Ukraine's Law on Elections regarding the exclusion of candidates from party lists. The opinion finds that allowing parties to remove candidates from lists after an election violates democratic principles and the will of voters. It concludes that parties should not be able to change candidate lists once voting has begun.
There are four main methods for amending Malaysia's constitution outlined in the document:
1) A simple majority in both houses of Parliament for minor amendments.
2) A two-thirds majority in both houses for other amendments.
3) A two-thirds majority in both houses plus consent from the Conference of Rulers for certain important amendments.
4) A two-thirds majority in both houses plus consent from the Yang di-Pertua Negeri of Sabah or Sarawak for amendments affecting their rights. Emergency powers provide a fifth method. The philosophy is to avoid processes that are too difficult or too easy to amend the constitution.
On 19 September 2006, the Royal Thai Armed Forces staged a coup d'état against then prime minister Thaksin Shinawatra, abrogated the 1997 constitution and formed a junta called Council for Democratic Reform (CDR). The 2006 interim constitution was then promulgated by King Bhumibol Adulyadej upon advice of the CDR leader, General Sonthi Boonyaratglin. The interim constitution established a Constitutional Convention (CC) and charged it with the duty to draft a new constitution before presenting the draft to the National Legislative Assembly (NLA), a legislature replacing the National Assembly abrogated by the CDR.[1] The CC set up a constituent committee to draw up the draft. The committee consisted of thirty five members, of whom 25 were selected by the CC itself and the other 10 were selected by the CC upon advice of the CDR.
European Union law consists of primary, secondary, and supplementary sources. Primary sources include the Treaties establishing the European Union. Secondary sources are legal instruments based on the Treaties. Supplementary sources include case law, international law, and general principles. European Union law is applied by member state courts and the European Commission can take action if member states fail to properly implement directives. The Court of Justice of the European Union interprets European Union law.
The Poisons Act of 1919 was passed in India to control the possession and sale of specified poisons. It gives powers to both central and state governments to regulate the import, possession, and sale of poisons. Anyone who imports or sells poisons without a license or breaks the conditions of an import license can be punished with fines or imprisonment. The act also allows state governments to regulate possession of certain poisons in local areas where poisoning of cattle is a frequent problem. It includes lists of common poisonous substances that are regulated under the act.
This document discusses two issues that pose risks of assimilation of the Sami population in Finland:
1) Recent rulings by the Finnish Supreme Court that broaden eligibility for the Sami parliament in a way that could allow hundreds of thousands of non-Sami individuals to claim Sami status.
2) A ruling upholding a decision that would force the slaughter of almost the entire reindeer herd of four Sami herders, threatening their traditional livelihood. The document calls on Finland to review its laws to better protect Sami land rights and traditional livelihoods from assimilation into the Finnish majority.
This document summarizes a campus' technology plan based on the Texas STAR Chart. It shows the campus has advanced or target levels in key areas like teaching and learning, educator preparation, leadership, and infrastructure based on STAR Chart data from 2008-2009 to 2010-2011. The plan calls for appropriate technology integration in core subjects, at least 4 tech application courses in high school, and student projects aligned with standards and online resources. It also addresses administrative support, infrastructure needs, and professional development to help teachers implement new technologies and differentiate instruction for diverse students.
Study of Serum Homocysteine and Vitamin B12 levels in Eclampsia, Pre-Eclampsi...Internet Medical Journal
The present study was carried out to evaluate the occurrence of association between homocysteine, and vitamin B12 in patients with Preeclampsia , Eclampsia and those with history of previous PIH. 30 such patients from obstetric ward were studied for estimation of serum homocysteine, and vitamin B12 over a period of Jan10 to Jun 2011. Serum homocysteine and vitamin B12 were determined by means of Immulite 1000 analyzer. The statistical analysis of study group of preeclampsia compared with normotensive control group, showed significant alterations in serum homocysteine, and vitamin B12 concentrations in preeclampsia and eclampsia group. Inverse association between serum homocysteine and vitamin B12 levels were observed in preeclampsia and eclampsia. The present study found hyperhomocysteinemia and deficiency of vitamin B12 along with increased blood pressure as a risk factor in preeclampsia. Final outcome of these patients after Inj Vitamin B12 therapy has improved at par with control group without any neonatal or maternal mortality in all four groups
This document summarizes a campus' technology plan using the Texas STAR Chart. It shows the campus has advanced or target levels in key areas like teaching and learning, educator preparation, and infrastructure for technology over the past 3 years. The plan calls for appropriate technology integration in core subjects, at least 4 tech application courses in high school, and student projects aligned with standards and online resources. It also supports administrative funding and infrastructure like wireless internet campus-wide. Professional development will help teachers learn new technologies, align them with standards, differentiate instruction, and commit to campus goals to impact student learning.
Minimum Features and Relationships Document (MFR)TimSpiers
Core features, data standards and relationships for Online Transactional Services. Development led by Tim Spiers and agreed with range of government and commercial organisations.
Liburu zuriaren laburpena - Eskoziako independentziaJon Olano
This document provides a summary of the key points regarding Scotland gaining independence. It argues that independence would allow Scotland to have a government that is directly elected by the Scottish people and would always act in Scotland's interests. Key decisions about Scotland's economy, society and future would be made within Scotland rather than by the UK government. Independence could deliver benefits such as keeping public services public, tailoring economic policy to Scotland's strengths, and investing Scotland's oil wealth for future generations. The document outlines some specific policy gains that could be achieved if independence is approved, such as expanding childcare and protecting pension incomes. Overall, the summary argues that independence would allow Scotland to achieve its full potential and have a society that better reflects the priorities and values
This document summarizes a campus' technology plan based on the Texas STAR Chart. It shows the campus has advanced or target levels in key areas like teaching and learning, educator preparation, leadership, and infrastructure based on STAR Chart data from 2008-2009 to 2010-2011. The plan's goals include integrating appropriate technologies into core subjects, offering at least 4 tech application courses in high school, supporting student projects aligned with standards and online resources, providing administrative support through funding and infrastructure like wireless internet with 24/7 access across fully equipped classrooms. Professional development focuses on helping educators learn new technologies, align with standards, adapt instruction, and use technology to differentiate for diverse students.
This document summarizes a campus' technology plan using the Texas STAR Chart. It shows the campus has advanced or target levels in key areas like teaching and learning, educator preparation, and infrastructure for technology over the past 3 years. The plan calls for appropriate technology integration in core subjects, at least 4 tech application courses in high school, and student projects aligned with standards and online resources. It also supports administrative funding and infrastructure like wireless internet campus-wide. Professional development will help teachers learn new technologies, align them with standards, differentiate instruction, and commit to campus goals to impact student learning.
This document discusses tax considerations related to owning a second home. It notes that mortgage interest on loans up to $1 million for a second home can be deducted. Rental income from a second home used as a residence for 15 or more days a year must be reported. The sale of a second home can exclude up to $250,000 in capital gains if it was a main home for two of the past five years.
This document summarizes a study comparing the effectiveness of intrauterine insemination (IUI) versus fallopian tube sperm perfusion (FSP) for treating non-tubal infertility. The study included 200 patients undergoing a total of 404 stimulated cycles. Patients were randomly assigned to receive either standard IUI using 0.5 ml of sperm (184 cycles) or FSP using 4 ml of sperm injected into the fallopian tubes (220 cycles). The clinical pregnancy rate was significantly higher in the FSP group at 21.81% per cycle compared to 11.95% for the IUI group. The authors conclude FSP is more effective than standard IUI for treating non-tubal infertility.
The manual provides instructions for using the Dashboard software. It describes the toolbar icons and menus, including options for saving, exporting, and viewing data. It also explains how to select countries, indicators, and years of data; view distributions, linkages, and scatterplots; and access online help or data sources.
The document discusses the structure, composition, and functions of the integumentary system. It describes the three main layers of skin - the epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis. It details the differences between these layers and lists the various functions of skin, including protection, temperature regulation, vitamin synthesis, and sensory functions. The document also discusses glands associated with the skin like sweat glands and sebaceous glands, as well as skin derivatives like hair, nails, scales, and feathers.
The document outlines the Scottish government's proposals for an independence referendum to be held in Scotland in 2014. It proposes a simple yes/no question: "Do you agree that Scotland should be an independent country?". It discusses setting the referendum according to established election rules to ensure fairness and transparency. The consultation paper seeks views on organizing the referendum and draft legislation before a bill is debated in the Scottish parliament in 2013. It aims to give the Scottish people a clear voice in their future while addressing any legal questions around the parliament's power to hold such a referendum.
This document provides background information on constitutional and budgetary process changes in the UK resulting from the Eurozone crisis. It describes the political context in the UK since 2008, including the formation of a coalition government in 2010. It outlines the key stages in the UK's annual budgetary cycle and notes changes such as the introduction of the Office of Budget Responsibility in 2011 to provide independent fiscal forecasts. The document also discusses institutional changes like the reorganization of financial regulatory bodies in response to the crisis.
In preparation for the EU referendum, King & Wood Mallesons spent a six-month period studying the implications of Brexit, working with clients, industry leaders, academics, heads of both the ‘in’ and ‘out’ campaigns, media influencers and others.
Following the decision to leave the EU, we offered a webinar to our clients, to outline the real implications of the vote, beyond the headlines and the rhetoric.
It is important to remember, of course, that overnight, nothing has changed: EU law continues to apply, as do UK laws derived from the EU. However, companies should begin considering which pieces of legislation and regulation are valuable – or unhelpful – in the context of your business. There will also be a role for the business community to play in helping to shape Britain's future relationship with Europe.
We talk through the expected developments and address some of the immediate queries we are seeing from clients.
The document discusses the UK government's plan to introduce the Great Repeal Bill. The bill will repeal the European Communities Act of 1972 and convert existing EU law into domestic UK law. This will maintain stability as the UK exits the EU. However, some EU laws will need corrections to function properly outside of the EU. The bill will therefore include powers to make secondary legislation to correct issues. It will also implement any withdrawal agreement reached with the EU. Additional bills on customs, immigration, and other policy areas will be introduced separately.
Brexit will have wide-ranging impacts on the UK's voluntary sector. The document outlines the political process of Brexit, including Theresa May's approach and the negotiations between the UK and EU. It also discusses potential regulatory changes affecting UK charities derived from EU law and various cross-cutting issues like employment, data protection, and VAT that will need to be addressed.
This document provides an overview of the rule of law situation in Luxembourg based on the 2022 Rule of Law Report by the European Commission. It discusses Luxembourg's ongoing constitutional reform efforts to strengthen judicial independence and establish an independent Council for the Judiciary. New draft laws are proposed to align the composition of the future Council with European standards and establish common rules for magistrates, including a new disciplinary regime. While judicial independence remains high, some challenges remain regarding digitalization of the justice system, resources for financial crime prosecution, and access to official documents.
A presentation that I delivered to Sheffield Business and Intellectual Property Centre on Wednesday 6 March 2019. It covers art 50, IP provisions of draft withdrawal agreement and the political declaration, European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2019 and draft statutory instruments together with sources of further information.
This document discusses several legal issues related to Brexit under UK law. It outlines the British model of relations between EU law and domestic law, noting key cases like Factortame that established the supremacy of EU law. It then examines the UK's EU Withdrawal Bill, which seeks to preserve continuity of laws by copying existing directly applicable EU law and maintaining transposed legislation. However, this raises questions about the status of this "retained EU law." The bill also aims to preserve some general principles of EU law but excludes the Charter of Fundamental Rights. Finally, the bill grants the government broad delegated powers to make technical changes to legislation in the Brexit process.
The document provides information about how citizens can get involved with the UK Parliament by contacting their MP, submitting evidence to committees reviewing bills, watching or attending debates, tracking bills online, and signing up for email updates. It explains the roles of the House of Commons and House of Lords in making laws and provides background on the legislative process.
The document discusses the legislative process in the UK and limitations on parliamentary sovereignty. It identifies advantages like the democratic process and transparency, and disadvantages such as confusing language and structure in acts of parliament. Parliamentary sovereignty means parliament can make any law and is not bound by previous decisions, though it is limited by EU membership, the Human Rights Act 1998, and devolution which allows Scotland and Wales to make some laws.
The document is a slide presentation from the European Commission explaining the EU-UK Withdrawal Agreement. It covers the key areas and timeline of negotiations, the priorities and inclusive process, and summarizes the main parts of the Withdrawal Agreement, including establishing common provisions, protecting citizens' rights, addressing separation issues during transition, the financial settlement, and protocols related to Ireland, Gibraltar, and Cyprus. The Agreement aims to ensure an orderly UK withdrawal from the EU on March 29, 2019 and protect the rights of EU and UK citizens.
The document summarizes a webinar presented by Allen & Overy on the impacts of Brexit on antitrust, intellectual property, and environmental regulation law. It discusses the following key points:
1) The webinar addressed the impact of Brexit on antitrust law, focusing on differences between remaining in the EEA versus a "hard Brexit".
2) It also discussed the implications for intellectual property law, including issues around the Unified Patent Court and exhaustion of trademark rights.
3) Finally, the webinar covered the impact on environmental regulation, particularly regarding divergence from EU laws.
This document outlines the Fiscal Responsibility Law passed by the Ekiti State House of Assembly in Nigeria. Some key points:
- It establishes the Fiscal Responsibility Commission to oversee prudent fiscal management, accountability, and transparency.
- It requires the preparation of a medium-term expenditure framework covering revenues, expenditures, debt, and priorities for 3 years.
- The annual budget must be derived from and consistent with this expenditure framework.
- It places limits on expenditure and deficits and requires transparency in reporting on budgets, finances, and debt.
The document summarizes key issues with the proposed UK Withdrawal Agreement from the EU:
1) The UK would pay £39 billion to the EU with nothing guaranteed in return and no influence over how the money is spent.
2) The UK would remain bound by many EU laws but have no say in their creation, making the UK a "rule taker" and surrendering sovereignty.
3) The agreement establishes a backstop customs union that the UK cannot exit without EU approval, violating promises made and the Conservative manifesto.
4) The agreement treats Northern Ireland differently than the rest of the UK, undermining UK territorial integrity in a way the DUP cannot accept.
5
This document discusses constitutional amendments in India. It defines constitutional amendment and classifies constitutions as rigid or flexible based on their amendment procedures. It notes that the Indian Constitution's amendment procedure is neither as easy as the UK's nor as difficult as the US, making it a synthesis of flexible and rigid. The document outlines the three ways the Indian Constitution can be amended: by simple parliamentary majority, by special parliamentary majority, and by special parliamentary majority plus ratification by half the state legislatures. It provides examples of amendments that fall under each category and describes the amendment process and limitations in further detail.
This document provides information about the UK parliamentary process for scrutinizing statutory instruments (SIs). It describes the different types of SIs based on their level of delegation, the committees involved in scrutiny, and how SIs can be debated and amended. It also provides guidance on drafting explanatory memoranda to accompany SIs in order to explain the purpose, background, impacts, and other details in a clear manner to facilitate parliamentary and public scrutiny.
The British constitution is an uncodified system comprised of written and unwritten rules. It has adapted over time through incremental reforms rather than by replacing the existing framework. Recent reforms have included devolving some powers to Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland; incorporating the European Convention on Human Rights; and establishing independent electoral authorities. However, parliamentary sovereignty, the concentration of power in Westminster, and an outdated electoral system remain ongoing weaknesses according to critics of the traditional British constitutional model.
This document provides information about statutory instruments (SIs) and parliamentary scrutiny of SIs in the UK House of Lords. It outlines the different types of SIs, the committees that scrutinize them, and how SIs are debated and reported on. Key committees mentioned are the Delegated Powers Committee, Joint Committee on Statutory Instruments, and Secondary Legislation Scrutiny Committee. The document also provides guidance on drafting explanatory memorandums to accompany SIs.
This document provides information about how statutory instruments are scrutinized in the UK House of Lords. It explains the different types of statutory instruments and levels of parliamentary scrutiny. It also describes the role of committees like the Delegated Powers Committee and Secondary Legislation Scrutiny Committee in examining statutory instruments for inappropriate delegation of power or other issues. Examples are provided of committee reports on specific statutory instruments.
Similar to Edinburgoko akordioa Eskozia-Erresuma Batua (20)
An astonishing, first-of-its-kind, report by the NYT assessing damage in Ukraine. Even if the war ends tomorrow, in many places there will be nothing to go back to.
Essential Tools for Modern PR Business .pptxPragencyuk
Discover the essential tools and strategies for modern PR business success. Learn how to craft compelling news releases, leverage press release sites and news wires, stay updated with PR news, and integrate effective PR practices to enhance your brand's visibility and credibility. Elevate your PR efforts with our comprehensive guide.
Acolyte Episodes review (TV series) The Acolyte. Learn about the influence of the program on the Star Wars world, as well as new characters and story twists.
Here is Gabe Whitley's response to my defamation lawsuit for him calling me a rapist and perjurer in court documents.
You have to read it to believe it, but after you read it, you won't believe it. And I included eight examples of defamatory statements/
04062024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
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El Puerto de Algeciras continúa un año más como el más eficiente del continente europeo y vuelve a situarse en el “top ten” mundial, según el informe The Container Port Performance Index 2023 (CPPI), elaborado por el Banco Mundial y la consultora S&P Global.
El informe CPPI utiliza dos enfoques metodológicos diferentes para calcular la clasificación del índice: uno administrativo o técnico y otro estadístico, basado en análisis factorial (FA). Según los autores, esta dualidad pretende asegurar una clasificación que refleje con precisión el rendimiento real del puerto, a la vez que sea estadísticamente sólida. En esta edición del informe CPPI 2023, se han empleado los mismos enfoques metodológicos y se ha aplicado un método de agregación de clasificaciones para combinar los resultados de ambos enfoques y obtener una clasificación agregada.
1. AGREEMENT
between the United Kingdom Government and the
Scottish Government on a referendum on independence
for Scotland
Edinburgh, 15 October 2012
2. AGREEMENT
between the United Kingdom Government and the
Scottish Government on a referendum on independence for Scotland
The United Kingdom Government and the Scottish Government have agreed to work
together to ensure that a referendum on Scottish independence can take place.
The governments are agreed that the referendum should:
• have a clear legal base;
• be legislated for by the Scottish Parliament;
• be conducted so as to command the confidence of parliaments, governments
and people; and
• deliver a fair test and a decisive expression of the views of people in Scotland
and a result that everyone will respect.
The governments have agreed to promote an Order in Council under Section 30 of
the Scotland Act 1998 in the United Kingdom and Scottish Parliaments to allow a
single-question referendum on Scottish independence to be held before the end of
2014. The Order will put it beyond doubt that the Scottish Parliament can legislate
for that referendum.
It will then be for the Scottish Government to promote legislation in the Scottish
Parliament for a referendum on independence. The governments are agreed that
the referendum should meet the highest standards of fairness, transparency and
propriety, informed by consultation and independent expert advice. The referendum
legislation will set out:
• the date of the referendum;
• the franchise;
• the wording of the question;
• rules on campaign financing; and
• other rules for the conduct of the referendum.
The details of the agreement between the governments are set out in the following
memorandum and draft Order, which form part of this agreement.
_____________________________ _____________________________
The Rt. Hon. David Cameron MP The Rt. Hon. Alex Salmond MSP
Prime Minister First Minister of Scotland
_____________________________ _____________________________
The Rt. Hon. Michael Moore MP Nicola Sturgeon MSP
Secretary of State for Scotland Deputy First Minister of Scotland
Edinburgh, 15 October 2012
3. MEMORANDUM OF AGREEMENT
Purpose of the memorandum
1. This memorandum sets out the elements of the agreement that require
legislative provision in the section 30 Order1 (“the Order”), the draft text of
which is annexed to this memorandum, and the elements that have been
agreed between the governments on a non-statutory basis.
Principles
2. Both governments agree that the principles underpinning the existing
framework for referendums held under Acts of the UK Parliament – which aim
to guarantee fairness – should apply to the Scottish independence
referendum. Part 7 of the Political Parties, Elections and Referendums Act
2000 (PPERA), provides a framework for referendums delivered through Acts
of Parliament, including rules about campaign finance, referendum regulation,
oversight and conduct.2
3. Both governments agree that the referendum rules should be based on
PPERA, with particular Scottish circumstances, such as the establishment of
the Electoral Management Board and subsequent role of the Electoral
Commission, reflected in the Referendum Bill.
Timing
4. The Order enables the Scottish Parliament to legislate for a referendum
that takes place at any point before the end of 2014. The date of the poll will
be for the Scottish Parliament to determine and will be set out in the
Referendum Bill to be introduced by the Scottish Government. The Order
requires the poll for this referendum to be held on a day with no other poll
provided for by legislation of the Scottish Parliament.
Question
5. Both governments agree that the referendum question must be fair,
easy to understand and capable of producing a result that is accepted and
commands confidence.
6. The Order enables the Scottish Parliament to legislate for a referendum
with one question on independence. The wording of the question will be for
the Scottish Parliament to determine and will be set out in the Referendum Bill
to be introduced by the Scottish Government, subject to the Electoral
Commission’s review process, as set out in the paragraphs which follow.
1 An Order made under section 30(2) of the Scotland Act 1998 allows modifications to be made to
Schedule 5 to the Scotland Act 1998, which lists those matters that are reserved to the UK Parliament,
by either adding or removing reservations.
2 Part 7 of PPERA consists of four chapters setting out the framework for referendums held under an
Act of the UK Parliament: I – Preliminary; II – Financial Controls; III – Controls on publications; and
IV – Conduct of referendums.
4. 7. For referendums delivered by an Act of the UK Parliament, section 104
of PPERA requires the Electoral Commission to review the proposed question
and any statement that precedes the question and to report to the UK
Parliament on the intelligibility of that question. Section 10 of PPERA also
provides that the Electoral Commission can provide advice and assistance to
the Scottish Parliament and Scottish Government.
8. Consistent with the provisions in PPERA, the Scottish Government will
refer the proposed referendum question and any preceding statement to the
Electoral Commission for review of its intelligibility. Interested parties will be
able to submit their views on the proposed wording to the Electoral
Commission as part of the Commission’s review process, in the normal way.
The Electoral Commission will report on the question and this report will be
laid before the Scottish Parliament. In turn the Scottish Government will
respond to the report, indicating its response to any recommendations that the
Electoral Commission may make.
Franchise
9. The Referendum Bill introduced by the Scottish Government will create
a franchise for the referendum. Both governments agree that all those entitled
to vote in Scottish Parliamentary and local government elections should be
able to vote in the referendum.3
10. The Scottish Government’s consultation on the referendum also set out
a proposal for extending the franchise to allow 16 and 17 year-olds to vote in
the referendum. It will be for the Scottish Government to decide whether to
propose extending the franchise for this referendum and how that should be
done. It will be for the Scottish Parliament to approve the referendum
franchise, as it would be for any referendum on devolved matters.
11. The Scottish Government’s decision on what to propose to the Scottish
Parliament will be informed by the analysis of responses to its consultation
exercise and by practical considerations. The Order does not restrict the
extension of the franchise in the case of this referendum.
Functions of the Electoral Commission and the Electoral Management
Board
12. Both governments agree on the importance of the referendum being
overseen in an impartial way by bodies that can command the confidence of
both sides of the campaign. The Electoral Commission is responsible for
overseeing referendums held under PPERA. PPERA gives the Electoral
Commission responsibility for:
• commenting on the wording of the referendum question;
• registration of campaigners;
• designating lead campaign organisations;
• regulating campaign spending and donations;
• giving grants to lead campaign organisations;
3 The Scottish Parliamentary franchise enables British, Irish, qualifying Commonwealth citizens and
European Union citizens resident in Scotland to vote.
5. • publishing guidance for permitted participants;
• reporting on the referendum process;
• the conduct of the poll; and
• the announcement of the result.
13. The Electoral Commission was also given responsibility for promoting
public awareness for voters in the 2011 Welsh and UK referendums.
14. Both governments agree that the Electoral Commission should fulfil all
these functions in respect of the independence referendum, with the exception
of the conduct of the poll and announcement of the result, and the giving of
grants (the Scottish Government proposes that there will be no grants of
public money to lead campaign organisations). In its role of regulating the
campaign and campaign spending, the Electoral Commission will report to the
Scottish Parliament.
15. The Scottish Government proposes that the conduct of the poll and the
announcement of the result should reflect the arrangements for local and
parliamentary elections in Scotland and will be consistent with Scotland’s
electoral management structure, co-ordinated by the Electoral Management
Board. The poll and count will be managed in the same way as those
elections, by local returning officers (designated for the referendum as
“counting officers”) and directed by a Chief Counting Officer (CCO). The
Scottish Government proposes that the CCO should be the Convener of the
Electoral Management Board.
Referendum campaign regulation
16. Both governments agree on the importance of ensuring that the
referendum campaign is subject to regulation that ensures that the
referendum is fair and commands the confidence of both sides of the debate.
The Referendum Bill introduced into the Scottish Parliament by the Scottish
Government will include provision for the referendum rules. The governments
agree the regulations for the independence referendum campaign should be
based on those set out in Part 7 of PPERA.
17. The Order contains specific provision applying some of the PPERA
rules to an independence referendum where it would be outside the Scottish
Parliament’s legislative competence to make such provision. These
provisions relate to referendum campaign broadcasts and the sending of mail-shots
free of charge.
Referendum campaign broadcasts
18. PPERA provides that only referendum campaign broadcasts made by
or on behalf of designated campaign organisations can be broadcast. The
Communications Act 2003 requires Ofcom to impose licence conditions on
broadcasters requiring them to observe rules set by Ofcom relating to
referendum campaign broadcasts.
19. The agreement between the Secretary of State for Culture, Media and
Sport and the BBC requires the BBC to broadcast referendum campaign
broadcasts and provides that it is for the BBC Trust to determine the basis on
6. which these are broadcast. Both Ofcom and the BBC are required to have
regard to the views of the Electoral Commission when making provision in
respect of referendum campaign broadcasts. In both the Communications Act
2003 and the agreement with the BBC “referendum campaign broadcast” has
the same meaning as in PPERA.
20. The Order makes provision applying the provisions in PPERA relating
to referendum campaign broadcasts to an independence referendum. This
will mean that Ofcom, the BBC and the Electoral Commission will have the
same role in relation to an independence referendum as they would in relation
to a PPERA referendum.
Ensuring impartiality of broadcasters
21. The governments agree that it will be important to ensure that
broadcast coverage of the Referendum is impartial. Broadcasters, Ofcom and
the Electoral Commission will discuss the best way to achieve this.
Free-of-charge mail-shot
22. PPERA allows a designated campaign organisation to send one mail-shot
free of charge to every elector or household. This service is provided by
Royal Mail and funded by the UK Parliament through the Consolidated Fund.
23. The Order makes provision applying this provision of PPERA to an
independence referendum. This will enable the designated campaign
organisations to send out one mail-shot free of charge to every elector or
household and for the Royal Mail to recover the cost of postage from the
Scottish budget (the “Scottish Consolidated Fund”).
Campaign finance
24. Both governments recognise that campaign finance will be an
important issue for those campaigning in the referendum, for the Electoral
Commission in regulating the referendum, and for people in Scotland. It is
important for each of these that the rules are fair and provide a level playing
field.
25. The Referendum Bill to be introduced by the Scottish Government will
provide for the spending limits in the regulated period for the independence
referendum. Both governments agree that the rules and standards set out in
PPERA provide the basis for setting the limits.
26. PPERA sets out spending limits for referendums held on a UK-wide
basis and a mechanism for the Secretary of State to set the limits for sub-UK
referendums by secondary legislation. In setting such limits, the Secretary of
State must consult the Electoral Commission and have regard to its views.
Whilst the UK Government is not statutorily required to accept the
Commission’s recommendations, it regards the guidance of the Electoral
Commission as a key consideration and has so far always followed the advice
of the Electoral Commission when setting spending limits for referendums
held under the PPERA framework. If the Secretary of State does not accept
the views of the Commission on the appropriate limits, he or she is statutorily
7. obliged to lay a statement before both Houses of Parliament explaining his or
her reasons for departing from its recommendations.
27. The Scottish Government proposes that the regulated period for the
independence referendum should be the 16 weeks ending on the date of the
referendum. In setting the spending limits for the regulated period for the
independence referendum, the Scottish Government will analyse and consider
the responses to its consultation, consult with both existing referendum
campaigns – neither of which was in existence during the Scottish
Government’s consultation period – and have regard to the Electoral
Commission’s views and will set out its proposals, and the evidence on which
these are based, before the Referendum Bill is considered by the Scottish
Parliament. The Referendum Bill, including the proposed spending limits, will
be subject to the established Scottish Parliamentary procedures and scrutiny.
The Bill, like any other Bill in the Scottish Parliament will, when introduced, be
accompanied by a Policy Memorandum. The Policy Memorandum will set out
details of the consultation process for setting spending limits and details of
any alternative approaches to any of the issues considered. This will include
a statement of reasons if there is any departure from the Electoral
Commission’s advice on spending limits.
28. Donations to registered political parties are already subject to a
regulatory regime established in Part 4 of PPERA. There is, therefore, no
need to create an additional set of rules regulating donations to registered
political parties solely for the purposes of the referendum. Political parties will
not be the only bodies wishing to campaign for a particular outcome at the
referendum. The Referendum Bill to be introduced by the Scottish
Government will deal with controls of donations to permitted participants that
are not registered parties or are minor parties. As under PPERA, permitted
participants will not be able to accept certain anonymous donations or certain
donations from individuals or organisations from outside the UK.
Government activity during the 28 days before the referendum
29. It is customary for there to be a period before elections in the UK,
during which Ministers and other public bodies refrain from publishing material
that would have a bearing on the election. Section 125 of PPERA sets out the
restrictions that apply to Ministers and public bodies in the 28 days preceding
referendums held under that Act. Both governments recognise the importance
of respecting the 28-day period prior to a referendum, in the same way that
both governments already respect each other’s pre-election period for
Parliamentary elections. The Scottish Government will set out details of
restricted behaviour for Scottish Ministers and devolved public bodies in the
Referendum Bill to be introduced into the Scottish Parliament. These details
will be based on the restrictions set out in PPERA. The UK Government has
committed to act according to the same PPERA-based rules during the
28-day period.
8. Co-operation
30. The United Kingdom and Scottish Governments are committed,
through the Memorandum of Understanding between them and others,4 to
working together on matters of mutual interest and to the principles of good
communication and mutual respect. The two governments have reached this
agreement in that spirit. They look forward to a referendum that is legal and
fair producing a decisive and respected outcome. The two governments are
committed to continue to work together constructively in the light of the
outcome, whatever it is, in the best interests of the people of Scotland and of
the rest of the United Kingdom.
4 Memorandum of Understanding and Supplementary Agreements between the United Kingdom
Government, the Scottish Ministers, the Welsh Ministers, and the Northern Ireland Executive
Committee, 2000, as updated in September 2012.