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ECONOMICS FOR MANAGERIAL DECISION MAKING-1

                 (ECONOMIC ANALYSIS SIMPLIFIED FOR YOU)



1. ESSENCE OF ECONOMICS

Problems of an economy; solutions of these problems; alternative system to tackle the
problems; economics, micro – economics & macro – economics; basis building blocks of
microeconomics – rationality, marginalism, opportunity cost, general & partial
equilibrium.



2. FALLACIES AND PITFALLS

Economics is about decision making, fallacies in decision making, fallacy of assumption,
fallacy of composition, fallacy of subjectivity, fallacy of post hoc proctor hoc, fallacy of
syllogism, fallacy of black & white or gray; fallacy of broken window, lessons for firm.



3. DEMAND ANALYSIS AND CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR



3.1DEMAND ANALYSIS

Concept of demand & demand functions; demand schedule & demand curve; types of
demand; kinds of demand; factors influencing demand; expansion / contraction of
demand vs. increase / decrease in demand, significance of demand analysis for the firm.



3.2 ELASTICITY OF DEMAND

Concept of elasticity, price elasticity of demand; meaning, values, determinants,
measurement & implications; slope vs. elasticity; TR, TE & eDP, AR, MR & eDP,
strategies to maximize total revenues, cross elasticity of demand; income elasticity of
demand: meaning values & measurement; income elasticity vs. income sensitivity;
advertising elasticity of demand; significance of the concept of elasticity of demand for
the firm.
3.3 UTILITY ANALYSIS

Consumer behaviour, choice & utility; concept of TU, MU & AU; LDMU; LEMU;
equilibrium of a consumer; explanation of falling demand; income, substitution, & price
effects & consumer choices; paradox of value; consumer surplus; significance for a seller.



3.4 INDIFFERENCE CURVE ANALYSIS

Meaning; kinds; properties; inference map; budget line; equilibrium; applications of ICA.



4. SUPPLY ANALYSIS & PRICE FORMATION



4.1 SUPPLY ANALYSIS

Concept; types; factors dictating supply; supply curve & supply schedule; law of supply;
expansion / contraction of supply vs. increase / decrease in supply



4.2. ELASTICITY OF SUPPLY

Concept; values; measurement; determinants; implications for the suppliers




4.3 EQUILIBRIUM AND PRICE MAKING

Concept of equilibrium; shifts in demand & supply & impact on price & quantity; price
as allocating device for resources through surplus & scarcities; alternative nodes of price
fixation.



5. PRODUCTION AND COST ANALYSIS
•   Concept of production & production function; LR & VR; LVP; relationship between
    TP, MP, and AP, stages of production, concept of returns to scale & laws of returns,
    impact of technological change on return, concept of Isoquant, isocost lines &
    equilibrium; equilibrium under cost constraint & for a given output; economic region
    of production; expansion path.



•   Concept of cost; linkage between production & cost; cost classification. TC, AC, &
    MC and their relationship; cost curve under SR & LR; Economies of scale;
    economies of scope; implications for a firm; existence of small firms; engineering
    cost curves.



6. REVENUE CURVES AND FIRM’S EQUILIBRIUM

Concepts of TR, AR and MR; cost, revenue and equilibrium of a firm; equilibrium under
alternative assumptions about firm’s objective functions.



7. PERFECT COMPETITION

Meaning and characteristics; SR equilibrium, break – even analysis and shut down point,
long run equilibrium; supply curve for a competitive firm – LR (horizontal, rising or
falling) and short run; efficiency of competitive markets; advantages of perfect
competition; disadvantages of a competitive firm.



8. MONOPOLY

Concepts; source of monopoly power; measure of monopoly power; cost, revenue and
equilibrium under monopoly; supply curve of a monopolist; shifts in demand and impact
on monopoly firm; advantages and disadvantages of monopoly; monopoly vs. perfect
competition.

Price discrimination: meaning, conditions; types; equilibrium

Monopsony

Bilateral monopoly
9. MONOPOLISTIC COMPETITION

Meaning and characteristics; equilibrium of a firm in short run and in long run; sources of
differentiation; promotional costs and equilibrium.



10. OLIGOPOLY

Meaning; characteristics; Cournot’s model; kinked demand curve model; price leadership
model; cartels; game theory treatment of oligopoly.



IMPORTANT NOTE

The treatment of the subject shall be non mathematical Emphasis, while teaching, will be
on application of economics principle to the behaviour of the players in Indian Market.

Reference books

   •   Prasoon Majumder: Economic Analysis Simplified for You (IIPM/Vikas:2010):
       All chapters

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Economics for managerial_decision_making

  • 1. ECONOMICS FOR MANAGERIAL DECISION MAKING-1 (ECONOMIC ANALYSIS SIMPLIFIED FOR YOU) 1. ESSENCE OF ECONOMICS Problems of an economy; solutions of these problems; alternative system to tackle the problems; economics, micro – economics & macro – economics; basis building blocks of microeconomics – rationality, marginalism, opportunity cost, general & partial equilibrium. 2. FALLACIES AND PITFALLS Economics is about decision making, fallacies in decision making, fallacy of assumption, fallacy of composition, fallacy of subjectivity, fallacy of post hoc proctor hoc, fallacy of syllogism, fallacy of black & white or gray; fallacy of broken window, lessons for firm. 3. DEMAND ANALYSIS AND CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR 3.1DEMAND ANALYSIS Concept of demand & demand functions; demand schedule & demand curve; types of demand; kinds of demand; factors influencing demand; expansion / contraction of demand vs. increase / decrease in demand, significance of demand analysis for the firm. 3.2 ELASTICITY OF DEMAND Concept of elasticity, price elasticity of demand; meaning, values, determinants, measurement & implications; slope vs. elasticity; TR, TE & eDP, AR, MR & eDP, strategies to maximize total revenues, cross elasticity of demand; income elasticity of demand: meaning values & measurement; income elasticity vs. income sensitivity; advertising elasticity of demand; significance of the concept of elasticity of demand for the firm.
  • 2. 3.3 UTILITY ANALYSIS Consumer behaviour, choice & utility; concept of TU, MU & AU; LDMU; LEMU; equilibrium of a consumer; explanation of falling demand; income, substitution, & price effects & consumer choices; paradox of value; consumer surplus; significance for a seller. 3.4 INDIFFERENCE CURVE ANALYSIS Meaning; kinds; properties; inference map; budget line; equilibrium; applications of ICA. 4. SUPPLY ANALYSIS & PRICE FORMATION 4.1 SUPPLY ANALYSIS Concept; types; factors dictating supply; supply curve & supply schedule; law of supply; expansion / contraction of supply vs. increase / decrease in supply 4.2. ELASTICITY OF SUPPLY Concept; values; measurement; determinants; implications for the suppliers 4.3 EQUILIBRIUM AND PRICE MAKING Concept of equilibrium; shifts in demand & supply & impact on price & quantity; price as allocating device for resources through surplus & scarcities; alternative nodes of price fixation. 5. PRODUCTION AND COST ANALYSIS
  • 3. Concept of production & production function; LR & VR; LVP; relationship between TP, MP, and AP, stages of production, concept of returns to scale & laws of returns, impact of technological change on return, concept of Isoquant, isocost lines & equilibrium; equilibrium under cost constraint & for a given output; economic region of production; expansion path. • Concept of cost; linkage between production & cost; cost classification. TC, AC, & MC and their relationship; cost curve under SR & LR; Economies of scale; economies of scope; implications for a firm; existence of small firms; engineering cost curves. 6. REVENUE CURVES AND FIRM’S EQUILIBRIUM Concepts of TR, AR and MR; cost, revenue and equilibrium of a firm; equilibrium under alternative assumptions about firm’s objective functions. 7. PERFECT COMPETITION Meaning and characteristics; SR equilibrium, break – even analysis and shut down point, long run equilibrium; supply curve for a competitive firm – LR (horizontal, rising or falling) and short run; efficiency of competitive markets; advantages of perfect competition; disadvantages of a competitive firm. 8. MONOPOLY Concepts; source of monopoly power; measure of monopoly power; cost, revenue and equilibrium under monopoly; supply curve of a monopolist; shifts in demand and impact on monopoly firm; advantages and disadvantages of monopoly; monopoly vs. perfect competition. Price discrimination: meaning, conditions; types; equilibrium Monopsony Bilateral monopoly
  • 4. 9. MONOPOLISTIC COMPETITION Meaning and characteristics; equilibrium of a firm in short run and in long run; sources of differentiation; promotional costs and equilibrium. 10. OLIGOPOLY Meaning; characteristics; Cournot’s model; kinked demand curve model; price leadership model; cartels; game theory treatment of oligopoly. IMPORTANT NOTE The treatment of the subject shall be non mathematical Emphasis, while teaching, will be on application of economics principle to the behaviour of the players in Indian Market. Reference books • Prasoon Majumder: Economic Analysis Simplified for You (IIPM/Vikas:2010): All chapters