Prezentarea explica modul de aplicarea a managementului valorii dobindite (Earned Value Management) a proiectele de dezvoltare software, prin prisma teoriei optiunilor, unde fiecare cerinta exprimata de client poate fi modelata si interpretata contractual ca o optiune, ce poate fi exercitata de client in functie de valoarea sa de business.
2024 State of Marketing Report – by HubspotMarius Sescu
https://www.hubspot.com/state-of-marketing
· Scaling relationships and proving ROI
· Social media is the place for search, sales, and service
· Authentic influencer partnerships fuel brand growth
· The strongest connections happen via call, click, chat, and camera.
· Time saved with AI leads to more creative work
· Seeking: A single source of truth
· TLDR; Get on social, try AI, and align your systems.
· More human marketing, powered by robots
ChatGPT is a revolutionary addition to the world since its introduction in 2022. A big shift in the sector of information gathering and processing happened because of this chatbot. What is the story of ChatGPT? How is the bot responding to prompts and generating contents? Swipe through these slides prepared by Expeed Software, a web development company regarding the development and technical intricacies of ChatGPT!
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsPixeldarts
The realm of product design is a constantly changing environment where technology and style intersect. Every year introduces fresh challenges and exciting trends that mold the future of this captivating art form. In this piece, we delve into the significant trends set to influence the look and functionality of product design in the year 2024.
2024 State of Marketing Report – by HubspotMarius Sescu
https://www.hubspot.com/state-of-marketing
· Scaling relationships and proving ROI
· Social media is the place for search, sales, and service
· Authentic influencer partnerships fuel brand growth
· The strongest connections happen via call, click, chat, and camera.
· Time saved with AI leads to more creative work
· Seeking: A single source of truth
· TLDR; Get on social, try AI, and align your systems.
· More human marketing, powered by robots
ChatGPT is a revolutionary addition to the world since its introduction in 2022. A big shift in the sector of information gathering and processing happened because of this chatbot. What is the story of ChatGPT? How is the bot responding to prompts and generating contents? Swipe through these slides prepared by Expeed Software, a web development company regarding the development and technical intricacies of ChatGPT!
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsPixeldarts
The realm of product design is a constantly changing environment where technology and style intersect. Every year introduces fresh challenges and exciting trends that mold the future of this captivating art form. In this piece, we delve into the significant trends set to influence the look and functionality of product design in the year 2024.
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthThinkNow
Mental health has been in the news quite a bit lately. Dozens of U.S. states are currently suing Meta for contributing to the youth mental health crisis by inserting addictive features into their products, while the U.S. Surgeon General is touring the nation to bring awareness to the growing epidemic of loneliness and isolation. The country has endured periods of low national morale, such as in the 1970s when high inflation and the energy crisis worsened public sentiment following the Vietnam War. The current mood, however, feels different. Gallup recently reported that national mental health is at an all-time low, with few bright spots to lift spirits.
To better understand how Americans are feeling and their attitudes towards mental health in general, ThinkNow conducted a nationally representative quantitative survey of 1,500 respondents and found some interesting differences among ethnic, age and gender groups.
Technology
For example, 52% agree that technology and social media have a negative impact on mental health, but when broken out by race, 61% of Whites felt technology had a negative effect, and only 48% of Hispanics thought it did.
While technology has helped us keep in touch with friends and family in faraway places, it appears to have degraded our ability to connect in person. Staying connected online is a double-edged sword since the same news feed that brings us pictures of the grandkids and fluffy kittens also feeds us news about the wars in Israel and Ukraine, the dysfunction in Washington, the latest mass shooting and the climate crisis.
Hispanics may have a built-in defense against the isolation technology breeds, owing to their large, multigenerational households, strong social support systems, and tendency to use social media to stay connected with relatives abroad.
Age and Gender
When asked how individuals rate their mental health, men rate it higher than women by 11 percentage points, and Baby Boomers rank it highest at 83%, saying it’s good or excellent vs. 57% of Gen Z saying the same.
Gen Z spends the most amount of time on social media, so the notion that social media negatively affects mental health appears to be correlated. Unfortunately, Gen Z is also the generation that’s least comfortable discussing mental health concerns with healthcare professionals. Only 40% of them state they’re comfortable discussing their issues with a professional compared to 60% of Millennials and 65% of Boomers.
Race Affects Attitudes
As seen in previous research conducted by ThinkNow, Asian Americans lag other groups when it comes to awareness of mental health issues. Twenty-four percent of Asian Americans believe that having a mental health issue is a sign of weakness compared to the 16% average for all groups. Asians are also considerably less likely to be aware of mental health services in their communities (42% vs. 55%) and most likely to seek out information on social media (51% vs. 35%).
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfmarketingartwork
Creative operations teams expect increased AI use in 2024. Currently, over half of tasks are not AI-enabled, but this is expected to decrease in the coming year. ChatGPT is the most popular AI tool currently. Business leaders are more actively exploring AI benefits than individual contributors. Most respondents do not believe AI will impact workforce size in 2024. However, some inhibitions still exist around AI accuracy and lack of understanding. Creatives primarily want to use AI to save time on mundane tasks and boost productivity.
Organizational culture includes values, norms, systems, symbols, language, assumptions, beliefs, and habits that influence employee behaviors and how people interpret those behaviors. It is important because culture can help or hinder a company's success. Some key aspects of Netflix's culture that help it achieve results include hiring smartly so every position has stars, focusing on attitude over just aptitude, and having a strict policy against peacocks, whiners, and jerks.
PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024Neil Kimberley
PepsiCo provided a safe harbor statement noting that any forward-looking statements are based on currently available information and are subject to risks and uncertainties. It also provided information on non-GAAP measures and directing readers to its website for disclosure and reconciliation. The document then discussed PepsiCo's business overview, including that it is a global beverage and convenient food company with iconic brands, $91 billion in net revenue in 2023, and nearly $14 billion in core operating profit. It operates through a divisional structure with a focus on local consumers.
Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)contently
This document provides an overview of content methodology best practices. It defines content methodology as establishing objectives, KPIs, and a culture of continuous learning and iteration. An effective methodology focuses on connecting with audiences, creating optimal content, and optimizing processes. It also discusses why a methodology is needed due to the competitive landscape, proliferation of channels, and opportunities for improvement. Components of an effective methodology include defining objectives and KPIs, audience analysis, identifying opportunities, and evaluating resources. The document concludes with recommendations around creating a content plan, testing and optimizing content over 90 days.
How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024Albert Qian
The document provides guidance on preparing a job search for 2024. It discusses the state of the job market, focusing on growth in AI and healthcare but also continued layoffs. It recommends figuring out what you want to do by researching interests and skills, then conducting informational interviews. The job search should involve building a personal brand on LinkedIn, actively applying to jobs, tailoring resumes and interviews, maintaining job hunting as a habit, and continuing self-improvement. Once hired, the document advises setting new goals and keeping skills and networking active in case of future opportunities.
A report by thenetworkone and Kurio.
The contributing experts and agencies are (in an alphabetical order): Sylwia Rytel, Social Media Supervisor, 180heartbeats + JUNG v MATT (PL), Sharlene Jenner, Vice President - Director of Engagement Strategy, Abelson Taylor (USA), Alex Casanovas, Digital Director, Atrevia (ES), Dora Beilin, Senior Social Strategist, Barrett Hoffher (USA), Min Seo, Campaign Director, Brand New Agency (KR), Deshé M. Gully, Associate Strategist, Day One Agency (USA), Francesca Trevisan, Strategist, Different (IT), Trevor Crossman, CX and Digital Transformation Director; Olivia Hussey, Strategic Planner; Simi Srinarula, Social Media Manager, The Hallway (AUS), James Hebbert, Managing Director, Hylink (CN / UK), Mundy Álvarez, Planning Director; Pedro Rojas, Social Media Manager; Pancho González, CCO, Inbrax (CH), Oana Oprea, Head of Digital Planning, Jam Session Agency (RO), Amy Bottrill, Social Account Director, Launch (UK), Gaby Arriaga, Founder, Leonardo1452 (MX), Shantesh S Row, Creative Director, Liwa (UAE), Rajesh Mehta, Chief Strategy Officer; Dhruv Gaur, Digital Planning Lead; Leonie Mergulhao, Account Supervisor - Social Media & PR, Medulla (IN), Aurelija Plioplytė, Head of Digital & Social, Not Perfect (LI), Daiana Khaidargaliyeva, Account Manager, Osaka Labs (UK / USA), Stefanie Söhnchen, Vice President Digital, PIABO Communications (DE), Elisabeth Winiartati, Managing Consultant, Head of Global Integrated Communications; Lydia Aprina, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Nita Prabowo, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Okhi, Web Developer, PNTR Group (ID), Kei Obusan, Insights Director; Daffi Ranandi, Insights Manager, Radarr (SG), Gautam Reghunath, Co-founder & CEO, Talented (IN), Donagh Humphreys, Head of Social and Digital Innovation, THINKHOUSE (IRE), Sarah Yim, Strategy Director, Zulu Alpha Kilo (CA).
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Search Engine Journal
The search marketing landscape is evolving rapidly with new technologies, and professionals, like you, rely on innovative paid search strategies to meet changing demands.
It’s important that you’re ready to implement new strategies in 2024.
Check this out and learn the top trends in paid search advertising that are expected to gain traction, so you can drive higher ROI more efficiently in 2024.
You’ll learn:
- The latest trends in AI and automation, and what this means for an evolving paid search ecosystem.
- New developments in privacy and data regulation.
- Emerging ad formats that are expected to make an impact next year.
Watch Sreekant Lanka from iQuanti and Irina Klein from OneMain Financial as they dive into the future of paid search and explore the trends, strategies, and technologies that will shape the search marketing landscape.
If you’re looking to assess your paid search strategy and design an industry-aligned plan for 2024, then this webinar is for you.
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summarySpeakerHub
From their humble beginnings in 1984, TED has grown into the world’s most powerful amplifier for speakers and thought-leaders to share their ideas. They have over 2,400 filmed talks (not including the 30,000+ TEDx videos) freely available online, and have hosted over 17,500 events around the world.
With over one billion views in a year, it’s no wonder that so many speakers are looking to TED for ideas on how to share their message more effectively.
The article “5 Public-Speaking Tips TED Gives Its Speakers”, by Carmine Gallo for Forbes, gives speakers five practical ways to connect with their audience, and effectively share their ideas on stage.
Whether you are gearing up to get on a TED stage yourself, or just want to master the skills that so many of their speakers possess, these tips and quotes from Chris Anderson, the TED Talks Curator, will encourage you to make the most impactful impression on your audience.
See the full article and more summaries like this on SpeakerHub here: https://speakerhub.com/blog/5-presentation-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers
See the original article on Forbes here:
http://www.forbes.com/forbes/welcome/?toURL=http://www.forbes.com/sites/carminegallo/2016/05/06/5-public-speaking-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers/&refURL=&referrer=#5c07a8221d9b
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd Clark Boyd
Everyone is in agreement that ChatGPT (and other generative AI tools) will shape the future of work. Yet there is little consensus on exactly how, when, and to what extent this technology will change our world.
Businesses that extract maximum value from ChatGPT will use it as a collaborative tool for everything from brainstorming to technical maintenance.
For individuals, now is the time to pinpoint the skills the future professional will need to thrive in the AI age.
Check out this presentation to understand what ChatGPT is, how it will shape the future of work, and how you can prepare to take advantage.
The document provides career advice for getting into the tech field, including:
- Doing projects and internships in college to build a portfolio.
- Learning about different roles and technologies through industry research.
- Contributing to open source projects to build experience and network.
- Developing a personal brand through a website and social media presence.
- Networking through events, communities, and finding a mentor.
- Practicing interviews through mock interviews and whiteboarding coding questions.
Google's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search IntentLily Ray
1. Core updates from Google periodically change how its algorithms assess and rank websites and pages. This can impact rankings through shifts in user intent, site quality issues being caught up to, world events influencing queries, and overhauls to search like the E-A-T framework.
2. There are many possible user intents beyond just transactional, navigational and informational. Identifying intent shifts is important during core updates. Sites may need to optimize for new intents through different content types and sections.
3. Responding effectively to core updates requires analyzing "before and after" data to understand changes, identifying new intents or page types, and ensuring content matches appropriate intents across video, images, knowledge graphs and more.
A brief introduction to DataScience with explaining of the concepts, algorithms, machine learning, supervised and unsupervised learning, clustering, statistics, data preprocessing, real-world applications etc.
It's part of a Data Science Corner Campaign where I will be discussing the fundamentals of DataScience, AIML, Statistics etc.
Time Management & Productivity - Best PracticesVit Horky
Here's my presentation on by proven best practices how to manage your work time effectively and how to improve your productivity. It includes practical tips and how to use tools such as Slack, Google Apps, Hubspot, Google Calendar, Gmail and others.
The six step guide to practical project managementMindGenius
The six step guide to practical project management
If you think managing projects is too difficult, think again.
We’ve stripped back project management processes to the
basics – to make it quicker and easier, without sacrificing
the vital ingredients for success.
“If you’re looking for some real-world guidance, then The Six Step Guide to Practical Project Management will help.”
Dr Andrew Makar, Tactical Project Management
Unlocking the Power of ChatGPT and AI in Testing - A Real-World Look, present...Applitools
During this webinar, Anand Bagmar demonstrates how AI tools such as ChatGPT can be applied to various stages of the software development life cycle (SDLC) using an eCommerce application case study. Find the on-demand recording and more info at https://applitools.info/b59
Key takeaways:
• Learn how to use ChatGPT to add AI power to your testing and test automation
• Understand the limitations of the technology and where human expertise is crucial
• Gain insight into different AI-based tools
• Adopt AI-based tools to stay relevant and optimize work for developers and testers
* ChatGPT and OpenAI belong to OpenAI, L.L.C.
The document discusses various AI tools from OpenAI like GPT-3 and DALL-E 2, as well as ChatGPT. It explores how search engines are using AI and things to consider around AI-generated content. Potential SEO uses of ChatGPT are also presented, such as generating content at scale, conducting topic research, and automating basic coding tasks. The document encourages further reading on using ChatGPT for SEO purposes.
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthThinkNow
Mental health has been in the news quite a bit lately. Dozens of U.S. states are currently suing Meta for contributing to the youth mental health crisis by inserting addictive features into their products, while the U.S. Surgeon General is touring the nation to bring awareness to the growing epidemic of loneliness and isolation. The country has endured periods of low national morale, such as in the 1970s when high inflation and the energy crisis worsened public sentiment following the Vietnam War. The current mood, however, feels different. Gallup recently reported that national mental health is at an all-time low, with few bright spots to lift spirits.
To better understand how Americans are feeling and their attitudes towards mental health in general, ThinkNow conducted a nationally representative quantitative survey of 1,500 respondents and found some interesting differences among ethnic, age and gender groups.
Technology
For example, 52% agree that technology and social media have a negative impact on mental health, but when broken out by race, 61% of Whites felt technology had a negative effect, and only 48% of Hispanics thought it did.
While technology has helped us keep in touch with friends and family in faraway places, it appears to have degraded our ability to connect in person. Staying connected online is a double-edged sword since the same news feed that brings us pictures of the grandkids and fluffy kittens also feeds us news about the wars in Israel and Ukraine, the dysfunction in Washington, the latest mass shooting and the climate crisis.
Hispanics may have a built-in defense against the isolation technology breeds, owing to their large, multigenerational households, strong social support systems, and tendency to use social media to stay connected with relatives abroad.
Age and Gender
When asked how individuals rate their mental health, men rate it higher than women by 11 percentage points, and Baby Boomers rank it highest at 83%, saying it’s good or excellent vs. 57% of Gen Z saying the same.
Gen Z spends the most amount of time on social media, so the notion that social media negatively affects mental health appears to be correlated. Unfortunately, Gen Z is also the generation that’s least comfortable discussing mental health concerns with healthcare professionals. Only 40% of them state they’re comfortable discussing their issues with a professional compared to 60% of Millennials and 65% of Boomers.
Race Affects Attitudes
As seen in previous research conducted by ThinkNow, Asian Americans lag other groups when it comes to awareness of mental health issues. Twenty-four percent of Asian Americans believe that having a mental health issue is a sign of weakness compared to the 16% average for all groups. Asians are also considerably less likely to be aware of mental health services in their communities (42% vs. 55%) and most likely to seek out information on social media (51% vs. 35%).
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfmarketingartwork
Creative operations teams expect increased AI use in 2024. Currently, over half of tasks are not AI-enabled, but this is expected to decrease in the coming year. ChatGPT is the most popular AI tool currently. Business leaders are more actively exploring AI benefits than individual contributors. Most respondents do not believe AI will impact workforce size in 2024. However, some inhibitions still exist around AI accuracy and lack of understanding. Creatives primarily want to use AI to save time on mundane tasks and boost productivity.
Organizational culture includes values, norms, systems, symbols, language, assumptions, beliefs, and habits that influence employee behaviors and how people interpret those behaviors. It is important because culture can help or hinder a company's success. Some key aspects of Netflix's culture that help it achieve results include hiring smartly so every position has stars, focusing on attitude over just aptitude, and having a strict policy against peacocks, whiners, and jerks.
PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024Neil Kimberley
PepsiCo provided a safe harbor statement noting that any forward-looking statements are based on currently available information and are subject to risks and uncertainties. It also provided information on non-GAAP measures and directing readers to its website for disclosure and reconciliation. The document then discussed PepsiCo's business overview, including that it is a global beverage and convenient food company with iconic brands, $91 billion in net revenue in 2023, and nearly $14 billion in core operating profit. It operates through a divisional structure with a focus on local consumers.
Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)contently
This document provides an overview of content methodology best practices. It defines content methodology as establishing objectives, KPIs, and a culture of continuous learning and iteration. An effective methodology focuses on connecting with audiences, creating optimal content, and optimizing processes. It also discusses why a methodology is needed due to the competitive landscape, proliferation of channels, and opportunities for improvement. Components of an effective methodology include defining objectives and KPIs, audience analysis, identifying opportunities, and evaluating resources. The document concludes with recommendations around creating a content plan, testing and optimizing content over 90 days.
How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024Albert Qian
The document provides guidance on preparing a job search for 2024. It discusses the state of the job market, focusing on growth in AI and healthcare but also continued layoffs. It recommends figuring out what you want to do by researching interests and skills, then conducting informational interviews. The job search should involve building a personal brand on LinkedIn, actively applying to jobs, tailoring resumes and interviews, maintaining job hunting as a habit, and continuing self-improvement. Once hired, the document advises setting new goals and keeping skills and networking active in case of future opportunities.
A report by thenetworkone and Kurio.
The contributing experts and agencies are (in an alphabetical order): Sylwia Rytel, Social Media Supervisor, 180heartbeats + JUNG v MATT (PL), Sharlene Jenner, Vice President - Director of Engagement Strategy, Abelson Taylor (USA), Alex Casanovas, Digital Director, Atrevia (ES), Dora Beilin, Senior Social Strategist, Barrett Hoffher (USA), Min Seo, Campaign Director, Brand New Agency (KR), Deshé M. Gully, Associate Strategist, Day One Agency (USA), Francesca Trevisan, Strategist, Different (IT), Trevor Crossman, CX and Digital Transformation Director; Olivia Hussey, Strategic Planner; Simi Srinarula, Social Media Manager, The Hallway (AUS), James Hebbert, Managing Director, Hylink (CN / UK), Mundy Álvarez, Planning Director; Pedro Rojas, Social Media Manager; Pancho González, CCO, Inbrax (CH), Oana Oprea, Head of Digital Planning, Jam Session Agency (RO), Amy Bottrill, Social Account Director, Launch (UK), Gaby Arriaga, Founder, Leonardo1452 (MX), Shantesh S Row, Creative Director, Liwa (UAE), Rajesh Mehta, Chief Strategy Officer; Dhruv Gaur, Digital Planning Lead; Leonie Mergulhao, Account Supervisor - Social Media & PR, Medulla (IN), Aurelija Plioplytė, Head of Digital & Social, Not Perfect (LI), Daiana Khaidargaliyeva, Account Manager, Osaka Labs (UK / USA), Stefanie Söhnchen, Vice President Digital, PIABO Communications (DE), Elisabeth Winiartati, Managing Consultant, Head of Global Integrated Communications; Lydia Aprina, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Nita Prabowo, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Okhi, Web Developer, PNTR Group (ID), Kei Obusan, Insights Director; Daffi Ranandi, Insights Manager, Radarr (SG), Gautam Reghunath, Co-founder & CEO, Talented (IN), Donagh Humphreys, Head of Social and Digital Innovation, THINKHOUSE (IRE), Sarah Yim, Strategy Director, Zulu Alpha Kilo (CA).
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Search Engine Journal
The search marketing landscape is evolving rapidly with new technologies, and professionals, like you, rely on innovative paid search strategies to meet changing demands.
It’s important that you’re ready to implement new strategies in 2024.
Check this out and learn the top trends in paid search advertising that are expected to gain traction, so you can drive higher ROI more efficiently in 2024.
You’ll learn:
- The latest trends in AI and automation, and what this means for an evolving paid search ecosystem.
- New developments in privacy and data regulation.
- Emerging ad formats that are expected to make an impact next year.
Watch Sreekant Lanka from iQuanti and Irina Klein from OneMain Financial as they dive into the future of paid search and explore the trends, strategies, and technologies that will shape the search marketing landscape.
If you’re looking to assess your paid search strategy and design an industry-aligned plan for 2024, then this webinar is for you.
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summarySpeakerHub
From their humble beginnings in 1984, TED has grown into the world’s most powerful amplifier for speakers and thought-leaders to share their ideas. They have over 2,400 filmed talks (not including the 30,000+ TEDx videos) freely available online, and have hosted over 17,500 events around the world.
With over one billion views in a year, it’s no wonder that so many speakers are looking to TED for ideas on how to share their message more effectively.
The article “5 Public-Speaking Tips TED Gives Its Speakers”, by Carmine Gallo for Forbes, gives speakers five practical ways to connect with their audience, and effectively share their ideas on stage.
Whether you are gearing up to get on a TED stage yourself, or just want to master the skills that so many of their speakers possess, these tips and quotes from Chris Anderson, the TED Talks Curator, will encourage you to make the most impactful impression on your audience.
See the full article and more summaries like this on SpeakerHub here: https://speakerhub.com/blog/5-presentation-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers
See the original article on Forbes here:
http://www.forbes.com/forbes/welcome/?toURL=http://www.forbes.com/sites/carminegallo/2016/05/06/5-public-speaking-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers/&refURL=&referrer=#5c07a8221d9b
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd Clark Boyd
Everyone is in agreement that ChatGPT (and other generative AI tools) will shape the future of work. Yet there is little consensus on exactly how, when, and to what extent this technology will change our world.
Businesses that extract maximum value from ChatGPT will use it as a collaborative tool for everything from brainstorming to technical maintenance.
For individuals, now is the time to pinpoint the skills the future professional will need to thrive in the AI age.
Check out this presentation to understand what ChatGPT is, how it will shape the future of work, and how you can prepare to take advantage.
The document provides career advice for getting into the tech field, including:
- Doing projects and internships in college to build a portfolio.
- Learning about different roles and technologies through industry research.
- Contributing to open source projects to build experience and network.
- Developing a personal brand through a website and social media presence.
- Networking through events, communities, and finding a mentor.
- Practicing interviews through mock interviews and whiteboarding coding questions.
Google's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search IntentLily Ray
1. Core updates from Google periodically change how its algorithms assess and rank websites and pages. This can impact rankings through shifts in user intent, site quality issues being caught up to, world events influencing queries, and overhauls to search like the E-A-T framework.
2. There are many possible user intents beyond just transactional, navigational and informational. Identifying intent shifts is important during core updates. Sites may need to optimize for new intents through different content types and sections.
3. Responding effectively to core updates requires analyzing "before and after" data to understand changes, identifying new intents or page types, and ensuring content matches appropriate intents across video, images, knowledge graphs and more.
A brief introduction to DataScience with explaining of the concepts, algorithms, machine learning, supervised and unsupervised learning, clustering, statistics, data preprocessing, real-world applications etc.
It's part of a Data Science Corner Campaign where I will be discussing the fundamentals of DataScience, AIML, Statistics etc.
Time Management & Productivity - Best PracticesVit Horky
Here's my presentation on by proven best practices how to manage your work time effectively and how to improve your productivity. It includes practical tips and how to use tools such as Slack, Google Apps, Hubspot, Google Calendar, Gmail and others.
The six step guide to practical project managementMindGenius
The six step guide to practical project management
If you think managing projects is too difficult, think again.
We’ve stripped back project management processes to the
basics – to make it quicker and easier, without sacrificing
the vital ingredients for success.
“If you’re looking for some real-world guidance, then The Six Step Guide to Practical Project Management will help.”
Dr Andrew Makar, Tactical Project Management
Unlocking the Power of ChatGPT and AI in Testing - A Real-World Look, present...Applitools
During this webinar, Anand Bagmar demonstrates how AI tools such as ChatGPT can be applied to various stages of the software development life cycle (SDLC) using an eCommerce application case study. Find the on-demand recording and more info at https://applitools.info/b59
Key takeaways:
• Learn how to use ChatGPT to add AI power to your testing and test automation
• Understand the limitations of the technology and where human expertise is crucial
• Gain insight into different AI-based tools
• Adopt AI-based tools to stay relevant and optimize work for developers and testers
* ChatGPT and OpenAI belong to OpenAI, L.L.C.
The document discusses various AI tools from OpenAI like GPT-3 and DALL-E 2, as well as ChatGPT. It explores how search engines are using AI and things to consider around AI-generated content. Potential SEO uses of ChatGPT are also presented, such as generating content at scale, conducting topic research, and automating basic coding tasks. The document encourages further reading on using ChatGPT for SEO purposes.
Managementul valorii dobindite din perspectiva teoriei optiunilor
1. O nouă aplicare a conceptului de EVM
în industria tehnologiei informaţiei
Earned Business Value Management
sau
Managementul valorii economice cîştigate
Teodor Dărăbăneanu
Director proiecte, CSM
2. Despre conţinutul prezentării
• O mică istorie a conceptului de EVM
• Baza teoretică a conceptului de EVM
• Practica utilizării conceptului de EVM
• O mică digresiune asupra valorii
• Evaluarea valorii economice
• Descrierea noului model de EBVM
• Aplicarea EBVM în dezvoltarea de software
3. EVM - puţină istorie ...
“Să nu uiţi Darie ! ” – Desculţ, Zaharia Stancu
1890 – instrument de raportare în fabricile de producţie
1962 – PERT – Tehnica de evaluare şi control al programelor
1967 - 1996 – C/SCSC Criteriile sistemelor de control cost/timp
1998 – Earned Value Mngt. – standardul AINSI / EIA 748 / 98A
Aplicarea EVM în forme simplificate în companii private
5. EVM – critica raţiunii practice …
“Dacă EVM este atît de bun ... de ce nu este folosit în toate proiectele ?” – HBR editor
1. Utilizează termeni şi concepte “fuzzy”
2. Utilizează 32 de criterii pentru definire (X12)
3. Datele calculate la 20% oferă predicţii clare
asupra unei finalităţi... dezastruoase,imagine
respinsă de manageri(Fleming şi Koppelman)
4. Necesită o definire exhaustivă a livrabilelor
5. Activităţile trebuie să fie nerecurente
6. Activităţile (livrabilele) îşi “cîştigă” valoarea
(banii) bugetată, chiar dacă clientul nu îşi
“cîştigă” valoarea de utilizare a livrabilelor
6. Pînă la urmă, cine şi ce cîştigă ?
Valoarea economică Valoarea economică
a beneficiarului a furnizorului
investiţii de capital Profit din exploatare
creşterea + dezvoltarea Creşterea capabilităţii
+ eficientizarea (financiare + de exploatare)
afacerilor curente de a genera valoare
pentru afacerea clienţilor
8. Cum estimăm valoarea unui proiect
cu modelul determinist ?
• Valoarea este estimată pe 2 componente:
– Beneficiile aduse de proiect derulării afacerii
– Costurile necesare derulării proiectului
• Valoarea este estimată o singură dată pe
perioada proiectului (la început);
• Beneficiile şi costurile sunt foarte clare;
• Factorii de risc nu influenţează decît costurile
prin adaugarea “rezervei manageriale” (MR).
9. Numai banii vorbesc …
• Economic, beneficiile şi costurile unui proiect sunt
privite ca un cont de profit şi pierderi (P&L);
• Evaluarea valorii economice se face numai prin
exprimarea lor în bani;
• Reflecţia contului P/P al proiectului în bani este
fluxul de numerar al proiectului (eng. Cash Flow);
• Procesul de actualizarea a valorii banilor ce vor fi
încasaţi în viitor la valoarea de azi, generează fluxul
de numerar actualizat (eng.Discounted Cash Flow)
şi nu cuprinde investiţia iniţială;
• Dacă se scade investiţia iniţială din FNA, se obţine
valuarea netă actualizată (eng.NPV) a proiectului.
10. Valoarea economică a unui proiect
Fluxului de Numerar Actualizat (DCF)
Valoarea Netă Actualizată (NPV)
FNA = Σ Cn / (1+i)n
VNA = C0 + Σ Cn / (1+i)n
• C0 valoarea investiţiei iniţiale (-)
• Cn flux de numerar (+venituri şi- cheltuieli)
• i rata de cost al capitalului pe o perioadă
• n numărul perioadei de calcul
11. Valoarea
Ratei Interne de Profitabilitate
a investiţiei (Internal Rate of Return)
Σ Cn / (1+RIP)n =0
• Cn flux de numerar (+venituri şi - cheltuieli)
• n numărul perioadei de calcul
• RIP – rata de actualizare pentru care valoarea
actualizată a veniturilor este egală cu valoarea
actualizată a cheltuielilor
• RIP > i (rata de cost al capitalului)
12. Valorile centrale în
proiectele Agile
• Creşterea rentabilităţii investiţionale (ROI) prin livrarea unui
flux continuu de valoare economică creată;
• Livrarea unor rezultate sigure prin angajarea clienţilor într-o
colaborare continuă şi o asumare colectivă;
• Gestionarea incertitudinii prin iteraţii, anticipare şi adaptare;
• Încurajarea creativităţii şi inovaţiei prin recunoaşterea unei
singure surse de valoare economică – omul - şi prin crearea
unui mediu organizaţional care să le permită acest lucru;
• Mărirea performanţei prin răspunderea colectivă asupra
rezultatelor şi prin responsabilitatea comună pentru eficienţa
echipei;
• Imbunatăţirea eficienţei şi solidităţii afacerii prin strategii,
procese şi practici specifice, adaptate contextului de business
13. Valoarea economică creată de un
proiect cu modelul neliniar, dinamic
şi în condiţii de incertitudine
14. Cum estimăm valoarea creată de
proiect cu modelul neliniar ?
• Valoarea este estimată pe 3 componente
– Beneficiile aduse de proiect derulării afacerii
– Costurile necesare derulării proiectului
– Flexibilitatea - opţiuni de investiţie graduală
• Valoarea fiecărei componente este “filtrată”
de influenţa factorilor de risc asupra lor
• Valoarea creată de proiect captează o
valoare adiţională datorată incertitudinii
(oportunităţi strategice, proces de învăţare si
agilitatea de a răspunde schimbării)
15. Riscul ... inamicul public nr.1!
Riscul de piaţă(sistematic): Riscul privat (nesistematic)
Cum merge economia? Sistare proiect
Sunt sigure costurile fixe? Mărire timp de execuţie
Cum evoluează rata Fluctuaţie de personal
dobînzii pe termen scurt? Schimbare procese
Cît şi cum vor plăti clienţii? operaţionale
Cum evoluează preţurile pe Schimbare tehnologie
piaţa de muncă ? Analiza cerinţelor greşită
Rata defectelor mare
16. Cum influenţează riscurile
valoarea netă actualizată a proiectului
,5 = 100 - Probleme tehnice rezolvate
=0
P opt
VNA
Pp
es = 0,5 = 0 - Probleme tehnice nerezolvate
VNA = Nopt x Popt + Npes x Ppes / (1+i)n
= 100 x 0,5 + 0 x 0,5 / (1 + 0,15)2 = 50 / (1,15)2
Popt probabilitatea de a obţine numerarul optimist
Nopt numerar optimist
Ppes probabilitatea de a nu obţine (estimaţie de risc privat)
Npes numerar pesimist
i= 0,15 - rata de cost al capitalului + estimaţie pt. riscul de piaţă
n = 2 ani - numărul perioadei de calcul
17. Să optăm pentru definiţii ...
• Opţiunea financiară şi reală – este o formă a derivativelor
• Valoarea unei opţiuni financiare – preţul plătit pentru achiziţia
sa – depinde de valoarea unui bun de bază (preţul acţiunii la
bursă, rata de schimb sau preţul unui bun real)
• Valoarea unei opţiuni reale – preţul plătit pentru achiziţia sa –
depinde de valoarea bunului de bază, ce reprezintă un bun
real (acţiunea sau, de obicei, un flux de numerar viitor)
• Call option – se referă la dreptul, fără o obligaţie simetrică, de
a cumpăra un bun riscant la un preţ prestabilit – numit strike
price sau exercise price – la sau înainte de o data viitoare –
numită data de expirare a opţiunii (expiration date sau
maturity date)
• Preţul de cumpărare al unei opţiuni (current price) diferă de
preţul opţiunii la maturitate (strike price).
18. Iarăşi puţină istorie ...despre opţiuni
• 1300 – japonezii tranzacţionau recolta viitoare
de orez pe baza unui preţ negociat înainte;
• 1600 – olandezii tranzacţionau recolta viitoare
de lalele tot pe baza unui preţ negociat înainte;
• 1970 – americanii au introdus la bursa din
New-York tranzacţionarea derivativelor-opţiuni
• 1990 – febra investiţiilor (urmată de crah) în
derivativele acţiunilor pentru dotcom s-a numit
“Mania lalelelor” (tulip mania)
19. Hai să jucăm la bursa...americană !
T1 T2
75
Creşte
50
Acum 45
Exercitare
35
Preţ curent (T1) = 50 USD Scade
Preţ exercitare = 45 USD 6 luni
Beneficiul la maturitatea opţiunii: dacă creşte la 75 dacă scade la 35
Preţ curent (T2) – Preţ exercitare 75 – 45 = 30 USD 35 – 45 = - 10 USD
Valoarea opţiunii la expirare 30 USD 0 USD
Evaluarea opţiunii : Cît ar trebui să plătesc pentru a cumpăra acum opţiunea ?
20. Ce factori influenţează valoarea
unei opţiuni ?
Zona de
Exercitare Valoarea de
Rata raţională exercitare
dobînzii
Valoarea
curentă Timpul
Volatilitatea de
(riscul total) expirare
21. Ecuaţia Black - Scholes
C = N(d1) x M – N(d2) x L exp(-rf x t)
M σ2
ln ----- + t rf + ---- d2 = d1 – σ √ t
N 2
d1 = ---------------------------------
σ√t
C = Valoarea unei opţiuni de cumpărare a unui bun riscant
L = Preţul de exercitare al opţiunii (strike price)
t = Timpul pînă la expirarea opţiunii
rf = Rata dobînzii fără risc
M = Preţul curent al bunului
σ = Volatilitatea (deviaţia standard a ratei de recuperare a investiţiei intr-un bun)
N(.) = Funcţia de distribuţie statistică normală cumulativă
22. Concepte utilizate în determinarea
soluţiei ecuaţiei Black - Scholes
• Portofoliul replicativ – evoluţia unei opţiuni
poate fi reprodusă de un portofoliu ce
conţine o anumită parte din bunul de bază
şi un împrumut fără risc pentru a finanţa
achiziţia bunului respectiv;
• Legea unui singur preţ sau fără arbitraj –
care afirmă că o piaţă eficientă suferă de
lipsa banilor.
23. Să luăm un exemplu...
Client
mulţumit
15 USD (preţ curent)
Beneficiul adus Incertitudine mare
de implementarea unei cerinţe,
al cărei cost actual de implementare
este 10 USD (preţ exercitare) Client
nemulţumit
bani şi timp
pierduţi
24. Mutatis mutandis ...
Variabilă Valoare Explicaţie
B-S
M 15 USD Preţul curent al bunului de bază
Valoarea actualizată a beneficiilor obţinute din implementarea
unei cerinţe
L 10 USD Preţul de exercitare al opţiuni
Costul implementării cerinţei
rf 0,05 Rata dobînzii fără risc (titluri de stat)
Costul oportunităţii de implementare: beneficiul dacă costul
implementării ar fi fost investit în titluri fără risc
t 1an Perioada de expirare a opţiunii
Perioada de expirare a deciziei de implementare a cerinţei
σ 1 Volatilitatea bunului de bază
Volatilitatea beneficiului generat de implementarea cerinţei
C 7,87 Valoarea opţiunii calculată cu formula Black-Scholes
USD Valoarea timpului de aşteptare înainte de implementarea cerinţei
26. Influenţa funcţiei cost de implementare
asupra deciziei de implementare
• Costurile de implementare ale unei cerinţe (sau
ale unei modificări) evoluează pe durata ciclului
de viaţă al proiectului, astfel:
– Constant, cazul ideal
– Exponenţial, în cazul abordării proiectelor tradiţionale
– Aplatizat, în cazul abordării proiectelor Agile
Orizontul de timp al Funcţie cost Funcţie cost Funcţie cost
incertitudinii (volatilitatea exponenţială aplatizată constantă
cerinţei)
Termen scurt Implementare Implementare Implementare
imediată imediată amînată
Termen lung Implementare Implementare Implementare
imediată amînată amînată
27. Incertitudinea in proiect:
modelul binominal
• Este utilizat in evaluarea opţiunilor reale pentru
rezolvarea problemelor legate de incertitudinea
creată de structuri complexe ale proiectului
• Proiectul complex (suportul opţiunii reale) se
modelează ca un proces în 2 faze consecutive,
unde valoarea sa fie scade, fie creşte. Procesul
se repetă pentru intervale succesive, astfel încît
2 mişcări opuse iau valoari anterior calculate
28. Aplicarea modelului binominal
Beneficiu Beneficiu Valoarea
VNA extinsă
Beneficiu Rezultate aşteptat la sfîrşitul investiţiei la
Include
aşteptat Faza 1 Faza 2 Fazei 1 sfîrşitul fazei 1
şi valoarea
cu opţiunea
Faza 1 111 111 168 opţiunii
de face faza 2
75 104
50 50 50 50 67 - -55 = 12
34 35
Costul Investiţiei
22 22 22 necesar achiziţiei
opţiunii pt. faza 2
Laticea binomială în faza 1 Actualizare valori cu
(două intervale) rata fără risc şi
probabilităţi cu risc ajustat
u = exp (σ √ τ) Factor de creştere σ deviaţia standard a ratei
de schimbare procentuală a
d=1/u Factor de scădere valorii
τ – mărimea intervalului
29. Evaluarea cu risc neutru
p x C+ + (1 – p) x C- 1+ rf – d
C = --------------------------------- p = --------------
( 1+ rf ) u–d
Probabilitatea
Valoarea opţiunii este valoarea aşteptată riscului ajustat
a beneficiilor viitoare, sub probabilitatea
riscului ajustat şi actualizată cu u – factor de creştere
o rată fără risc u = exp (σ √ τ)
d – factor de scădere
d=1/u
30. Cîteva concluzii de bază asupra
valorii economice a unui proiect
• Investiţiile mici şi în mai multe etape crează mai multă
valoare economică decît investiţiile mari într-o singură
etapă (facilitată de învăţare, feedback rapid);
• Întîrziind implementarea unei cerinţe neclare creăm
mai multă valoare economică decît implementarea ei
imediată;
• Conceptele legate de derivative ajută managementul
de proiect (inclusiv al contractului) în gestionarea
riscului total al proiectului şi în maximizarea valorii
profitului propriu şi a valorii de utilizare pentru client.
31. Cum aplicăm modelul EBVM
• Munca depusă într-un proiect este evaluată din două
perspective:
– Business , ce valoare economică produce pentru client
(furnizează şi prioritizează cerinţele) şi ce profit generează
livrarea ei către client;
– Echipa de implementare, ce muncă şi în ce cantitate trebuie
depusă pentru a livra valoarea de business către client.
• Regula modelului EBVM:
Dacă şi numai dacă clientul cîştigă valoarea de
utilizare a rezultatelor proiectului (în etape
succesive) , furnizorul cîştigă valoarea de utilizare
a proiectului (profitul).
32. Pasul 1- definirea cerinţelor
• Cerinţele proiectului sunt interfaţa dintre client şi
furnizor ( în SD numite cazuri de utilizare)
• Cerinţele poartă valoarea de utilizare a rezultatelor
proiectului
• Cerinţele sunt definite de client şi sunt explicitate şi
estimate de echipa de proiect
• Cerinţele sunt prioritizate pe fiecare iteraţie, în funcţie
de valoarea lor de business
• Cerinţa poartă o pondere, stabilită de client, din
valoarea totală de business a proiectului
• Cerinţele pot fi de bază (produs) şi suport (pregătirea
mediului de business)
33. Pasul 2 – Definirea şi organizarea
activităţiilor în WBS de proiect
Proiectul software PERFECT
Produsul software PERFECT Echipa de proiect Mediul de business
Cerinţe (CU) Structură Management Training utiliz.
CU 1 Conversii Adaptare procese Docum. utiliz
CU 2 Modificări Altele .... Altele .....
CU n Altele ...
34. Pasul 3 – Calculul valorii de
business generat de proiect
• Clientul calculează beneficiile aduse de
implementarea proiectului, cu indicarea ponderii
fiecărei cerinţe definite
• Furnizorul calculează costurile necesare
implementării proiectului, pentru fiecare cerinţă
• Se utilizează calculul valorii nete actualizate,
rata de profitabilitate a investiţiei, după modele
prezentate
• Se stabileşte grupul de cerinţe pentru prima
etapă (iteraţie)
35. Pasul 4 – Repartizarea ponderii
valorii de business proiect
Proiectul software PERFECT
3 0 1
Produsul software PERFECT Echipa de proiect Mediul de business
1 0
2
Cerinţe (CU) Structură Management Training utiliz.
1
CU 1 15 Conversii Adaptare procese Docum. utiliz
1
CU 2 10 Modificări Altele .... Altele .....
CU n 7 Altele ...
36. Pas 5 – Calculul VB ponderate
• Valoarea totală este VB(proiect)
• Se calculează Indicele Valorii de Business
IVB(set) pentru un set de activităţi şi reprezintă
procentajul (ponderea) din VB pe care setul îl
conţine
• Se calculează valoarea de business pe set
– VB(set) = VB(proiect) x IVB(set)
– Se descompune pe o relaţie părinte-copil
pa(set)
IVB(set) = IVB(părinte) x --------------------------
pa(set) + ∑ pa(copil)
37. Pasul 6 – Contorizarea cîştigului
• Valoarea de business cîştigată este suma
valorilor VB pentru seturile de activităţi (cerinţe)
finalizate:
VBC(proiect) = ∑ VB(set) = VB(proiect) x ( ∑ IVB(set) )
• Similar se poate calcula cîştigul pe fiecare set
VBC(set) = VB(proiect) x IVBC(set)
• Indicele valorii de business cîştigat pe un set
∑ subset [ pa(set) x IVBC(set)]
IVBC(set) = ----------------------------------------
∑ subset pa(set)
38. Concluzii
• Conceptul de EVM poate fi aplicat, în forma sa
modificată EBVM, pentru toate proiectele
complexe în IT&C (şi nu numai...)
• Modelul EBVM conferă o imagine clară a ceea
ce se cîştigă efectiv în proiect şi nu este un
mecanism de control al abaterilor de la plan
• Modelul EVBM este un instrument de măsură
al eficienţei (performanţei)
39. Referinţe
• Kent Beck ,“Optional scope contracts” ,1999
• M. Benaroch, R.J. Kauffman, “A case for using option pricing
analysis to evaluate information technology investments”,
1999
• J.E. Smith, R.F. Nau, “Valuing risky projects: option pricing
theory and decision analysis”
• Dan, Rawsthorne “Managing the work in an Agile project”
• J.M. Favaro, “Managing requierments for value”
• L.R.Kumar, “A note on project risk and option values of
investments in information technologies”
VĂ MULŢUMESC PENTRU ATENŢIE !