1. ENGLISH
4
LISTENING
PLEASANT
AND
UNPLEASANT
FEELINGS
JULES
EVANS
ANCIENT
GREEK
AND
ROMAN
PHILOSOPHY
ABOUT
WELLBEING
FROM
:
RADIO
FOUR,
START
:
03.05/FINISH
:
03.37
Four
Thought
Four
Thought
talks
include
stories
and
ideas
which
will
affect
our
future,
in
politics,
society,
the
economy,
business,
science,
technology
or
the
arts.
Recorded
live,
the
talks
are
given
by
a
range
of
people
with
a
new
thought
to
share.
Jules
Evans
18
Apr
2012
Wed,
18
Apr
12
Duration:
18
mins
Jules
Evans
explores
what
ancient
Greek
and
Roman
philosophy
can
tell
modern
society
about
wellbeing.
He
celebrates
the
link
between
modern
psychotherapy
and
the
wisdom
of
Socrates,
the
Stoics
and
other
ancient
philosophers
but
warns
that
the
new
politics
of
happiness
is
in
danger
of
becoming
illiberal.
Jules
is
the
author
of
"Philosophy
for
Life
and
Other
Dangerous
Situations".
1
Good
evening
everybody.
I
want
to
talk
to
you
tonight
about
how
I
got
into
ancient
philosophy,
why
I
think
it
saved
my
life
and
why
I
think
it
also
may
have
helped
many
of
you,
though
without
you
necessarily
realising.
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
In
my
first
year
at
university
my
emotional
life
abruptly
turned
into
a
car
crash.
I’d
had
a
very
happy
childhood
and
had
been
coasting
(=
progress
or
succeed
without
any
effort
or
difficult)
along
quite
nicely
up
to
that
point
but
suddenly
when
I
was
18
I
started
to
get
panic
attacks.
I
became
socially
(1)
anxious
as
well
cos
I
was
never
sure
when
the
panic
was
going
to
jump
out.
It
was
ironic.
I
was
studying
English
literature
and
I
could
write
intelligent
essays
about
the
emotions
of
Hamlet
or
Madame
Bovary
but
when
it
came
to
my
own
emotions,
they
were
a
mystery.
But
I
had
a
sneaking
suspicion
that
my
emotional
problems
might
be
something
to
do
with
all
the
drugs
that
I
and
my
friends
had
taken
as
teenagers.
I’d
seen
some
of
my
friends
go
off
the
rails
and
end
up
in
mental
institutions.
Some
of
them
are
still
there.
And
I
was
(2)
worried
that
I
might
have
done
something
similar,
in
which
case
perhaps
I’d
permanently
damaged
my
brain
and
there
was
nothing
I
could
do
about
it.
That
made
me
(3)
terrified
and
also
made
me
really
(4)
angry.
I
was
only
18,
already
I’d
blown
it.
So,
that
carried
on
for
five
pretty
crap
years
until
I
was
about
23.
In
fact,
it
probably
got
worse.
I
got
more
(5)
depressed
and
more
(1)
anxious.
Finally,
a
therapist
diagnosed
me
as
suffering
from
posttraumatic
stress
disorder,
(6)
depression
and
social
(7)
anxiety.
I
think
it
was
connected
to
the
drugs
I’d
taken.
Unfortunately,
the
therapist
couldn’t
actually
help
me
get
over
those
conditions
but
I
did
my
own
research
and
found
that
apparently
they
could
be
treated
by
something
called
Cognitive
Behavioural
Therapy
or
CBT.
So,
I
found
a
CBT
support
group
that
met
every
Thursday
at.
the
Royal
Festival
Hall.
There
were
ten
people
there.
There
was
no
therapist
present.
Just
one
of
them
had
bootlegged
(=
illegally
made,
copied
or
sold)
a
CBT
course
from
the
internet.
So,
we
all
listened
to
the
course,
read
the
handouts,
practised
the
exercises
and
tried
to
ignore
the
curious
looks
from
the
concertgoers
as
they
passed
by.
And
it
worked.
I
got
better.
After
a
few
weeks
I
stopped
having
panic
attacks,
the
(6)
depression
cleared
up,
the
social
(7)
anxiety
(=
Social anxiety is anxiety (emotional discomfort,
fear, apprehension, or worry) about social situations, interactions with others, and being evaluated or
scrutinized) went
away.
And
I
became
fascinated
by
this
therapy,
that
it
helped
me
through
such
a
difficult
period
of
my
life.
Who’d
invented
it?
Where
did
it
come
from?
By
that
point
I
was
a
young
journalist.
So,
I
started
to
investigate.
I
found
out
that
Cognitive
Behavioural
Therapy
had
been
invented
by
two
Americans
called
Albert
Ellis
and
Aaron
Beck.
AUDIOTAPE
:
http://www.bbc.co.uk/podcasts/series/fourthought
JULES
EVANS’WEBSITE
:
http://www.julesevans.net/Site/Welcome.html
SCRIPT
:
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