The document discusses challenges facing disconnected youth in Durham, North Carolina and outlines the city's gang reduction strategy. It notes that a high percentage of Durham youth live in poverty and experience risk factors for gang involvement like poor school attachment. The city's gang reduction strategy employs a multi-pronged approach including community mobilization, social intervention, opportunities provision, and suppression to address the problems caused by gangs and the underlying issues that cause youth to join gangs. Faith communities are recognized as important partners in responding to the needs of disconnected youth.

1. A
Response
to
Disconnected
Youth
in
Durham’s
Urban
Core
Duke
Chapel
Adult
Education
Class
February
19,
2012
James
Stuit
Gang
Reduction
Manager
City/County
of
Durham
Luke
15:20
“But
while
he
was
still
a
long
way
off,
his
father
saw
him
and
was
filled
with
compassion
for
him”

2. Outline
1. Story
–
“what
the
judge
said”
2. Our
Community
and
its
Challenges
3. Gang
Reduction
Strategy
4. Story
–
“a
tale
of
2
Shawns”
5. The
five
six
safety
nets
6. Back
to
the
porch

3. And
the
decision
is
.
.
.
______
found
on
Mangum
St.

4. Durham,
North
Carolina
Population
=
228,350
Home
of
…
-­‐Research
Triangle
Park
-­‐NC
Central
-­‐Duke
University
-­‐Durham
Bulls
~
325
churches

5. Durham
Youth
39,643
youth
age
6
-­‐
17
currently
living
in
Durham

6. The
harvest
is
plenDful
.
.
.

7. Percentage
Living
Below
Poverty
Level
N.
Carolina
16.3%
Durham
18.9%
0.0%
2.0%
4.0%
6.0%
8.0%
10.0%
12.0%
14.0%
16.0%
18.0%
20.0%

8. Households
Living
Below
Poverty
Level
in
Durham,
NC
2010
Married-­‐couple
family
33%
Female
no
husband
present
56%
Male
no
wife
present
11%

9. A higher than normal percentage of Durham
youth are left unattended for 3 or more hours
after school

10. • Approximately
450
students
drop
out
of
school
each
year
in
Durham.
150/year
return
to
school
and
attain
a
GED.
Therefore
the
number
of
adults
with
no
diploma
or
GED
grows
by
300
a
year
in
Durham.
• Students
with
limited
English
proficiency
have
a
graduation
rate
of
only
33%
in
Durham
(changing
demographic)

11. Juvenile
Arrests
2008-­‐2010
In
Durham
n.
=
2673

12. 1200
1116
Juvenile
Arrests
in
Durham
2008
-­‐
2011
1000
Source:
City
of
Durham
Police
Department
Crime
Analysis
Division
January
2012
799
800
757
600
570
400
200
0
2008
2009
2010
2011

13. Juvenile
Arrests
in
Durham
2011
(n=570)
assault
or
affray
no
weapon
17%
other
crime
32%
drug
related
arrest
9%
theC
no
weapon
42%
Source:
City
of
Durham
Police
Department
Crime
Analysis
Division
January
2012

14. Juvenile
Weapons
Arrests
in
Durham
2011
(n=46)
8.1%
of
Total
Juvenile
Arrests
(n=570)
carrying
concealed
weapon
(10)
assault
with
deadly
weapon
(16)
robbery
with
firearm
or
other
weapon
on
weapon
(17)
campus
(3)
Source:
City
of
Durham
Police
Department
Crime
Analysis
Division
January
2012

15. • Many Durham youth experience predictive factors
for entering the juvenile justice system and/or gang
involvement
• Reside in an area with
high crime concentration
• Disconnection from
school
• Poor relationships with
family

16. 25%
Court
Involved
Youth
Who
Claim
Gang
Membership
or
AssociaVon
Source:
NC
DJJDP
data
(November
2011)
20%
20%
16%
15%
10%
7%
6%
5%
0%
FY
2009-­‐10
FY
2010-­‐11
North
Carolina
Durham

17. Gang
ReducDon
Strategy
Steering
CommiSee
Members
• Tom
Bonfield
• Barker
French
• Mike
Ruffin
• Phail
Wynn
• Bill
Bell
• Eric
Becoats
• Michael
Page
• Casey
Steinbacher
• Jose
Lopez
• Minnie
Forte-­‐Brown
• Mike
Andrews
• Pilar
Rocha-­‐Goldberg
• Dallas
Parks
• Judge
Marcia
Morey
• Leon
Stanback
• Kathy
Shuart
• Newman
Aguiar
• Kevin
Rome
• Ripley
Rand
• Ann
Oshel
17

19. 1.
OrganizaDonal
Change
and
development
Policies
and
procedures
that
best
address
the
gang/youth
crime
problem
.
.
.

20. 2.
Community
mobilizaDon
Involvement
of
local
citizens,
community
groups
and
agencies
.
.
.

21. 3.
Social
IntervenDon
Reaching
out
to
gang-­‐involved
youth
and
their
families
.
.
.
Service
duplication
Service
coordination

22. 4.
OpportuniDes
provision
Education,
training
and
employment
programs
.
.
.

23. 5.
suppression
Social
control
procedures
.
.
.

24. What
kind
of
problems
do
gangs
cause?
What
kind
of
problems
cause
gangs?

25. A
Community
Response
is
needed
to
address
issues
of
disconnected
youth
in
Durham
Our
Faith
Community
Partners
are
an
important
part
of
this
response

26. Foster
Care
It’s
Complicated
Contractor
Mental
Health
Contractor
Juvenile
Court
BUILD,
YDC
PROUD,
EDGE,
BECOMING
Faith
Community
Social
Services
At-­‐Risk
Youth
Probation
Emergency
Shelter
Contractor
Law
Enforcement
Foster
Non-­‐Profits
Families
Schools

27. A
Tale
of
2
Shawns

28. Shawn
#1
.
.
.
• Lives
with
mom
and
4
younger
sibs
• Dad
is
incarcerated
• Witnessed
domestic
violence
• Suspended
from
school
for
fighting
• Has
been
approached
by
guys
on
the
block
to
hang
out
with
them
and
smoke
pot

29. Shawn
#2
.
.
.
• Lives
with
parents
and
1
sister
• Parents
both
work
• Has
a
nice
car
and
a
Wii
system
• On
the
honor
role
at
school
• Is
looking
for
excitement
and
acceptance
and
has
experimented
with
cocaine

30. A
Series
of
Safety
Nets
1.
family

31. Family
is
constantly
being
redefined,
but
it
remains
.
.
.
“a
primary
social
group
consisting
of
parents
and
their
offspring,
the
principal
function
of
which
is
provision
for
its
members”
(Mr.
Webster)

32. A
Series
of
Safety
Nets
2.
neighbor/neighborhood
Q.
Who
is
my
neighbor?
A.
See
Luke
10:
29-­‐37

33. Neighborhood
–
Social
DefiniDon
“a
community
consisting
of
the
sum
of
all
of
its
parts”

34. A
Series
of
Safety
Nets
3.
faith
community

36. We’ll
send
a
team
to
HaiD
.
.
.

37. But
will
we
cross
Angier
Avenue
to
visit
Shawn
and
his
family?

38. A
Series
of
Safety
Nets
4.
school

39. A
Series
of
Safety
Nets
5.
social
services
“an
anonymous
public,
supporting
anonymous
machinery,
supporting
anonymous
clients”
The
Tragedy
of
American
Compassion
Marvin
Olasky
(1992)

40. If
all
else
fails,
a
Safety
Net
for
society

41. Back
to
the
front
porch
.
.
.
How
can
the
CongregaDon
at
Duke
be
“pacing
the
porch”?