The document contains Java code examples for implementing various data structures and algorithms using arrays. It includes programs for linear search, binary search, stack, queue, and converting an infix expression to postfix notation. For linear search, both recursive and non-recursive functions are provided. Similarly, for binary search and converting infix to postfix, both recursive and non-recursive approaches are demonstrated. The programs have main methods that accept user input and demonstrate the functionality of each implementation through sample outputs.

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1a) i.write java program that use non –recursive function for implementation
linear search?
import java.util.Scanner;
class NrLinear
{
public static void main(String[]args)
{
int n,key;
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter the number of elements:");
n = sc.nextInt();
int[]arr = new int[10];
System.out.println("Enter the elements of the array:");
for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
{
arr[i] = sc.nextInt();
}
System.out.println("Enter the key element:");
key = sc.nextInt();
int result = search(arr,n,key);
if(result == -1)
System.out.print("Element is not present in array");
else
System.out.print("Element is present at index"+(result));
}
public static int search(int arr[],int n,int key)
{
for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
{
if (arr[i]==key)
return i;
}
return-1;
}
}

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Output :
C:UsersDMSSVHDesktop203C1A0405>javac NrLinear.java
C:UsersDMSSVHDesktop203C1A0405>java NrLinear
Enter the number of elements:5
Enter the elements of the array:
1 2 3 4 5
Enter the key element:
4
Element is present at index3

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1a) ii .write java program that use recursive function for implementation linear
search?
import java.util.Scanner;
class RLinear
{
public static void main(String[]args)
{
int n,key;
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter the number of elements:");
n = sc.nextInt();
int[]arr = new int[10];
System.out.println("Enter the elements of the array:");
for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
{arr[i] = sc.nextInt();
}
System.out.println("Enter the key element:");
key = sc.nextInt();
int result = search(arr,n,key);
if(result == -1)
System.out.print("Element is not present in array");
else
System.out.print("Element is present at index"+(result));
}
public static int search(int arr[],int n,int key)
{
n--;
if(n<0)
return-1;
if(arr[n]==key)
return n;
else
return search(arr,n,key);
}
}

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Output :
C:UsersDMSSVHDesktop203C1A0405>javac RLinear.java
C:UsersDMSSVHDesktop203C1A0405>java RLinear
Enter the number of elements:5
Enter the elements of the array:
10 20 30 40 50
Enter the key element:
50
Element is present at index4

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1b) i. Write java program that use a non-recursive function for implementing
Binary search?
import java.util.Scanner;
class NrBinary
{
public static void main(String[]args)
{
int n,key;
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("Enter the number of elements:");
n = sc.nextInt();
int[] arr = new int[10];
System.out.println("Enter the elements of the array:");
for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
{
arr[i] = sc.nextInt();
}
System.out.println("Enter the key element:");
key = sc.nextInt();
sort(arr,n);
System.out.println("The sorted elements are:");
for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
System.out.print(arr[i]+ " ");
System.out.println();
int result = binarySearch(arr,0,n-1,key);
if(result == -1)
System.out.print("Elements is not present in array");
else
System.out.print("Element is present at index" +(result+1));
}
public static int binarySearch(int arr[], int l, int r, int x)
{
while(l <= r)
{
int mid = (l+r)/2;
if(arr[mid] == x)
return mid;

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if(arr[mid] > x)
r = mid-1;
else
if(arr[mid] < x)
l = mid+1;
}
return -1;
}
public static void sort(int arr[],int n)
{
for(int i=0;i<n-1;i++)
for(int j=0;j<n-i-1;j++)
if(arr[j] > arr[j+1])
{
int temp = arr[j];
arr[j] = arr[j+1];
arr[j+1] = temp;
}
}
}

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Output :
C:UsersDMSSVHDesktop203C1A0405>javac NrBinary.java
C:UsersDMSSVHDesktop203C1A0405>java NrBinary
Enter the number of elements:
5
Enter the elements of the array:
3 6 1 8 7
Enter the key element:
8
The sorted elements are:
1 3 6 7 8
Element is present at index5

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1b) ii. Write java program that use a Recursive function for implementing Binary
search?
import java.util.Scanner;
class RBinary
{
public static void main(String[]args)
{
int n,key;
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("Enter the number of elements:");
n = sc.nextInt();
int[]arr = new int[10];
System.out.println("Enter the elements of the array:");
for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
{
arr[i] = sc.nextInt();
}
System.out.println("Enter the key element:");
key = sc.nextInt();
sort(arr,n);
System.out.println("The sorted elements are:");
for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
System.out.print(arr[i]+ " ");
System.out.println();
int result = binarySearch(arr,0,n-1,key);
if(result == -1)
System.out.println("Element is not present in array");
else
System.out.println("Element is present at index" +(result+1));
}
public static int binarySearch(int arr[],int l,int x,int r)
{
if(l <= r)
{
int mid = (1+r)/2;
if(arr[mid] == x)

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return mid;
if(arr[mid] > x)
return binarySearch(arr,l,mid-1,x);
if(arr[mid] < x)
return binarySearch(arr,mid+1,r,x);
}
return-1;
}
public static void sort(int arr[],int n)
{
for(int i=0;i<n-1;i++)
for(int j=0;j<n-i-1;j++)
if(arr[j] > arr[j+1])
{
int temp = arr[j];
arr[j] = arr[j+1];
arr[j+1] = temp;
}
}
}

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Output :
C:UsersDMSSVHDesktop203C1A0405>javac RBinary.java
C:UsersDMSSVHDesktop203C1A0405>java RBinary
Enter the number of elements:
5
Enter the elements of the array:
4 3 6 2 1
Enter the key element:
6
The sorted elements are:
1 2 3 4 6
Element is present at index4

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3) Write a java programs to implement the following using an array?
a) Stack ADT
import java.util.*;
class MyStack
{
private int top = -1;
int SIZE = 5;
private int stk[] = new int[SIZE];
boolean isFull()
{
if(top == SIZE-1)
return true;
else
return false;
}
boolean isEmpty()
{
if(top == -1)
return true;
else
return false;
}
void push(int num)
{
if(isFull())
{
System.out.println("Stack Overflow");
}
else
{
stk[++top] = num;
System.out.println("n"+num+"is inserted in stack");
}
}
int pop()
{
if(isEmpty())

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{
System.out.println("n Stack Underflow");
return 0;
}
else
{
int x = stk[top];
top--;
System.out.println("n"+x+"is removed from stack");
return x;
}
}
int peek()
{
if(isEmpty())
{
System.out.println("n Stack Underflow");
return 0;
}
else
{
System.out.println("the top element is:"+stk[top]);
return stk[top];
}
}
void display()
{
if(isEmpty())
{
System.out.println("n Stack Empty");
}
else
{
System.out.println("n Stack:");
for(int i=0;i<=top;i++)
{
System.out.println("|"+stk[i]);
}
}
}
}
class Stack
{

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public static void main(String[]args)
{
System.out.println("********** stack using Array **********");
boolean flag = true;
Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
int ch,num;
MyStack s = new MyStack();
while(flag)
{
System.out.println("n1.PUSHn2.POPn3.PEEKn4.DISPLAYn5.QUITn Enter
your choice:");
ch = in.nextInt();
switch(ch)
{
case 1:
System.out.println("Enter a number you want to insert in stack:");
num = in.nextInt();
s.push(num);
break;
case 2:
s.pop();
break;
case 3:
s.peek();
break;
case 4:
s.display();
break;
case 5:
flag = false;
break;
}
}
}
}

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Output :
C:UsersDMSSVHDesktop203C1A0405>javac Stack.java
C:UsersDMSSVHDesktop203C1A0405>java Stack
********** stack using Array **********
1.PUSH
2.POP
3.PEEK
4.DISPLAY
5.QUIT
Enter your choice:
1
Enter a number you want to insert in stack:
1
1is inserted in stack
1.PUSH
2.POP
3.PEEK
4.DISPLAY
5.QUIT
Enter your choice:
1
Enter a number you want to insert in stack:
2
2is inserted in stack
1.PUSH
2.POP
3.PEEK
4.DISPLAY
5.QUIT
Enter your choice:
1
Enter a number you want to insert in stack:
3

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3is inserted in stack
1.PUSH
2.POP
3.PEEK
4.DISPLAY
5.QUIT
Enter your choice:
1
Enter a number you want to insert in stack:
4
4is inserted in stack
1.PUSH
2.POP
3.PEEK
4.DISPLAY
5.QUIT
Enter your choice:
1
Enter a number you want to insert in stack:
5
5is inserted in stack
1.PUSH
2.POP
3.PEEK
4.DISPLAY
5.QUIT
Enter your choice:
4
Stack:
|1
|2
|3
|4
|5
1.PUSH

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2.POP
3.PEEK
4.DISPLAY
5.QUIT
Enter your choice:
2
5is removed from stack
1.PUSH
2.POP
3.PEEK
4.DISPLAY
5.QUIT
Enter your choice:
3
the top element is:4
1.PUSH
2.POP
3.PEEK
4.DISPLAY
5.QUIT
Enter your choice:5

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3) b . Write a java programs to implement the following using an array?
( Queue ADT)
import java.util.*;
class MyQueue
{
private int front = -1,rear = -1;
int SIZE = 5;
private int queue[] = new int[SIZE];
boolean isFull()
{
if(front == 0&&rear == SIZE-1)
return true;
else
return false;
}
boolean isEmpty()
{
if(front == -1)
return true;
else
return false;
}
void enQueue(int num)
{
if(isFull())
{
System.out.println("Queue Overflow");
}
else
{
if(front == -1)
{
front = 0;
}
rear++;
queue[rear] = num;

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System.out.println("n"+num+"is inserted in queue");
}
}
int deQueue()
{
int x;
if(isEmpty())
{
System.out.println("n Queue Underflow");
return 0;
}
else
{
x = queue[front];
front++;
if(front >= rear)
{
front = -1;
rear = -1;
}
System.out.println("n"+x+"is removed from Queue");
return x;
}
}
int peek()
{
if(isEmpty())
{
System.out.println("n Queue Underflow");
return 0;
}
else
{
System.out.println("the front element is:"+queue[front]);
return queue[front];
}
}
void display()
{
if(isEmpty())
{
System.out.println("n Queue Empty");
}

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else
{
System.out.println("n Queue:");
for(int i=front;i<=rear;i++)
{
System.out.println("|"+queue[i]);
}
}
}
}
class Queue
{
public static void main(String[]args)
{
System.out.println("********** Queue using Array **********");
boolean flag = true;
Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
int ch,num;
MyQueue q = new MyQueue();
while(flag)
{
System.out.println("n1.ENQUEUEn2.DEQUEUEn3.PEEKn4.DISPLAYn5.QUIT
n Enter your choice:");
ch = in.nextInt();
switch(ch)
{
case 1:
System.out.println("Enter a number you want to insert in queue:");
num = in.nextInt();
q.enQueue(num);
break;
case 2:
q.deQueue();
break;
case 3:
q.peek();
break;
case 4:
q.display();
break;
case 5:
flag = false;

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break;
}
}
}
Output :
C:UsersDMSSVHDesktop203C1A0405>javac Queue.java
C:UsersDMSSVHDesktop203C1A0405>java Queue
********** Queue using Array **********
1.ENQUEUE
2.DEQUEUE
3.PEEK
4.DISPLAY
5.QUIT
Enter your choice:
1
Enter a number you want to insert in queue:
1
1is inserted in queue
1.ENQUEUE
2.DEQUEUE
3.PEEK
4.DISPLAY
5.QUIT
Enter your choice:
1
Enter a number you want to insert in queue:
2
2is inserted in queue
1.ENQUEUE
2.DEQUEUE
3.PEEK
4.DISPLAY
5.QUIT
Enter your choice:
1
Enter a number you want to insert in queue:
3

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3is inserted in queue
1.ENQUEUE
2.DEQUEUE
3.PEEK
4.DISPLAY
5.QUIT
Enter your choice:
1
Enter a number you want to insert in queue:
4
4is inserted in queue
1.ENQUEUE
2.DEQUEUE
3.PEEK
4.DISPLAY
5.QUIT
Enter your choice:
1
Enter a number you want to insert in queue:
5
5is inserted in queue
1.ENQUEUE
2.DEQUEUE
3.PEEK
4.DISPLAY
5.QUIT
Enter your choice:
4
Queue:
|1
|2
|3
|4
|5
1.ENQUEUE
2.DEQUEUE
3.PEEK
4.DISPLAY
5.QUIT
Enter your choice:
2

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1is removed from Queue
1.ENQUEUE
2.DEQUEUE
3.PEEK
4.DISPLAY
5.QUIT
Enter your choice:
4
Queue:
|2
|3
|4
|5
1.ENQUEUE
2.DEQUEUE
3.PEEK
4.DISPLAY
5.QUIT
Enter your choice:
2
2is removed from Queue
1.ENQUEUE
2.DEQUEUE
3.PEEK
4.DISPLAY
5.QUIT
Enter your choice:
3
the front element is:3
1.ENQUEUE
2.DEQUEUE
3.PEEK
4.DISPLAY
5.QUIT
Enter your choice:
5

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4) Write a java program that reads an infix expression converts it to postfix
expression (use Stack ADT)?
import java.util.*;
import java.util.Stack;
public class InfixToPostfix
{
static int precedence(char c)
{
switch(c)
{
case '+':
case '-':
return 1;
case '*':
case '/':
return 2;
case '^':
return 3;
}
return -1;
}
static String infixToPostfix(String expression)
{
String result="";
Stack<Character>stack=new Stack<>();
for(int i=0;i <expression.length();i++)
{
char c = expression.charAt(i);
if(precedence(c)>0)
{
while(stack.isEmpty()==false && precedence(stack.peek())>=precedence(c))
{
result += stack.pop();
}
stack.push(c);

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}
else
if(c==')')
{
char x = stack.pop();
while(x!='(')
{
result += x;
x = stack.pop();
}
}
else
if(c=='(')
{
stack.push(c);
}
else
{
result += c;
}
}
for(int i=0;i<=stack.size();i++)
{
result += stack.pop();
}
return result;
}
public static void main(String[]args)
{
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("Enter the expression:");
String exp = sc.nextLine();
System.out.println("Infix Expression:"+exp);
System.out.println("postfix Expression:"+infixToPostfix(exp));
}
}

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Output :
C:UsersDMSSVHDesktop203C1A0405>javac InfixToPostfix.java
C:UsersDMSSVHDesktop203C1A0405>java InfixToPostfix
Enter the expression:
A+B*(C^D-E)
Infix Expression:A+B*(C^D-E)
postfix Expression:ABCD^E-*+
C:UsersDMSSVHDesktop203C1A0405>java InfixToPostfix
Enter the expression:
a+b*(c^d-e)^(f+g*h)-i
Infix Expression:a+b*(c^d-e)^(f+g*h)-i
postfix Expression:abcd^e-fgh*+^*+i-

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5) a . Write a java program to implement the following using a singly linked
List (Stack ADT) ?
import java.util.*;
class Node
{
int data;
Node next;
public Node(int data)
{
this.data=data;
this.next= null;
}
}
class Stack
{
Node top = null;
public void push(int item)
{
Node temp = new Node(item);
if(temp == null)
{
System.out.println("n stack overflow");
}
else
{
temp.data = item;
temp.next = top;
top = temp;
}
}
public boolean isEmpty()
{
return top==null;
}
public void pop()

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{
if(isEmpty())
{
System.out.println("stack underflow");
}
else
{
int x = top.data;
System.out.println("n"+x+"is removed from stack");
top = top.next;
}
}
public void peek()
{
if(isEmpty())
{
System.out.println("stack underflow");
}
else
{
System.out.println("n Top element is:"+top.data);
}
}
public void display()
{
if(isEmpty())
{
System.out.println("n stack underflow");
}
else
{
Node temp = top;
while(temp != null)
{
System.out.println("|"+temp.data);
temp = temp.next;
}
}
}
}
public class StackII
{
public static void main(String[]args)

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{
System.out.println("********** stack using Linkedlist **********");
boolean flag = true;
Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
int ch,num;
Stack s = new Stack();
while(flag)
{
System.out.println("n1.PUSHn2.POPn3.PEEKn4.DISPLAYn5.QUITnEnter
your choice:");
ch = in.nextInt();
switch(ch)
{
case 1:
System.out.println("Enter a number you want to insert in stack:");
num = in.nextInt();
s.push(num);
break;
case 2:
s.pop();
break;
case 3:
s.peek();
break;
case 4:
s.display();
break;
case 5:
flag = false;
break;
}
}
}
}

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Output :
C:UsersDMSSVHDesktop203C1A0405>javac StackII.java
C:UsersDMSSVHDesktop203C1A0405>java StackII
********** stack using Linkedlist **********
1.PUSH
2.POP
3.PEEK
4.DISPLAY
5.QUIT
Enter your choice:
1
Enter a number you want to insert in stack:
15
1.PUSH
2.POP
3.PEEK
4.DISPLAY
5.QUIT
Enter your choice:
1
Enter a number you want to insert in stack:
16
1.PUSH
2.POP
3.PEEK
4.DISPLAY
5.QUIT
Enter your choice:
1
Enter a number you want to insert in stack:
17

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1.PUSH
2.POP
3.PEEK
4.DISPLAY
5.QUIT
Enter your choice:1
Enter a number you want to insert in stack:
18
1.PUSH
2.POP
3.PEEK
4.DISPLAY
5.QUIT
Enter your choice:
4
|18
|17
|16
|15
1.PUSH
2.POP
3.PEEK
4.DISPLAY
5.QUIT
Enter your choice:
2
18is removed from stack
1.PUSH
2.POP
3.PEEK
4.DISPLAY
5.QUIT
Enter your choice:
4
|17
|16
|15
1.PUSH
2.POP

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3.PEEK
4.DISPLAY
5.QUIT
Enter your choice:
5
C:UsersDMSSVHDesktop203C1A0405>
5) b . Write java program to implement the following using a singly linked
List (Queue ADT) ?
import java.util.*;
class Node
{
int data;
Node next;
public Node(int data)
{
this.data = data;
this.next = null;
}
}
class Queue
{
Node rear = null,front = null;
public void enqueue(int item)
{
Node temp = new Node(item);
if(temp == null)
{
System.out.println("n Queue Overflow");
}
else
{
if(front == null)
{
front = temp;
rear = temp;
}
else
{
rear.next = temp;
rear = temp;
}

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}
}
public boolean isEmpty()
{
return rear == null && front == null;
}
public void dequeue()
{
if(isEmpty())
{
System.out.println("n Queue Underflow");
}
else
{
int x = front.data;
System.out.println("n"+x+"is removed from Queue");
front = front.next;
if(front == null)
rear = null;
}
}
public void peek()
{
if(isEmpty())
{
System.out.println("n Queue Underflow");
}
else
{
System.out.println("n Front element is:"+front.data);
}
}
public void display()
{
if(isEmpty())
{
System.out.println("n Queue Underflow");
}
else
{
Node temp = front;
while(temp!=null)
{

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System.out.println("|"+temp.data);
temp = temp.next;
}
}
}
}
public class QueueII
{
public static void main(String[]args)
{
System.out.print("********** Queue using LinkedList **********");
boolean flag = true;
Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
int ch,num;
Queue q = new Queue();
while(flag)
{
System.out.println("n1.ENQUEUEn2.DEQUEUEn3.PEEKn4.DISPLAYn5.QUIT
n Enter your choice:");
ch = in.nextInt();
switch(ch)
{
case 1:
System.out.println("Enter a number you want to insert in Queue:");
num = in.nextInt();
q.enqueue(num);
break;
case 2:
q.dequeue();
break;
case 3:
q.peek();
case 4:
q.display();
break;
case 5:
flag = false;
break;
}
}
}
}

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Output :
C:UsersDMSSVHDesktop203C1A0405>javac QueueII.java
C:UsersDMSSVHDesktop203C1A0405>java QueueII
********** Queue using LinkedList **********
1.ENQUEUE
2.DEQUEUE
3.PEEK
4.DISPLAY
5.QUIT
Enter your choice:
1
Enter a number you want to insert in Queue:
15
1.ENQUEUE
2.DEQUEUE
3.PEEK
4.DISPLAY
5.QUIT
Enter your choice:
1
Enter a number you want to insert in Queue:
16
1.ENQUEUE
2.DEQUEUE
3.PEEK
4.DISPLAY
5.QUIT
Enter your choice:
1
Enter a number you want to insert in Queue:
17

35. DATA STRUCTURES USING JAVA LAB
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1.ENQUEUE
2.DEQUEUE
3.PEEK
4.DISPLAY
5.QUIT
Enter your choice:
1
Enter a number you want to insert in Queue:
18
1.ENQUEUE
2.DEQUEUE
3.PEEK
4.DISPLAY
5.QUIT
Enter your choice:
1
Enter a number you want to insert in Queue:
19
1.ENQUEUE
2.DEQUEUE
3.PEEK
4.DISPLAY
5.QUIT
Enter your choice:
1
Enter a number you want to insert in Queue:
20
1.ENQUEUE
2.DEQUEUE
3.PEEK
4.DISPLAY
5.QUIT
Enter your choice:
4
|15
|16
|17
|18
|19
|20

36. DATA STRUCTURES USING JAVA LAB
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1.ENQUEUE
2.DEQUEUE
3.PEEK
4.DISPLAY
5.QUIT
Enter your choice:
3
Front element is:15
|15
|16
|17
|18
|19
|20
1.ENQUEUE
2.DEQUEUE
3.PEEK
4.DISPLAY
5.QUIT
Enter your choice:
2
15is removed from Queue
1.ENQUEUE
2.DEQUEUE
3.PEEK
4.DISPLAY
5.QUIT
Enter your choice:
5
C:UsersDMSSVHDesktop203C1A0405>

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6. write a java programs to implement the deque(double ended queue)ADT using
(a) // DEQUEUE USING CIRCULAR ARRAY//
import java.util.*;
class MyDeque
{
private int front=0,rear=-1,te=0;
int SIZE=10;
private int queue[]=new int[SIZE];
boolean isfull()
{
return te==SIZE;
}
boolean isempty()
{
return te==0;
}
void insertfront(int key)
{
if(isfull())
{
System.out.println("Overflow");
return;
}
if(front==0)
front=SIZE-1;
else
front=front-1;
queue[front]=key;
te++;
}
void insertrear(int key)
{
if(isfull())
{
System.out.println("Overflow");
return;

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}
rear=(rear+1)%SIZE;
queue[rear]=key;
te++;
}
void deletefront()
{
int x;
if(isempty())
{
System.out.println("Queue Underflown");
return;
}
else
{
x=queue[front];
front=(front+1)%SIZE;
System.out.println("n"+x+"is removed from front of queue");
te--;
}
}
void deleterear()
{
int x;
if(isempty())
{
System.out.println("Underflow");
return;
}
else
{
x=queue[rear];
if(rear==-1)
rear=SIZE-1;
System.out.println("n"+x+"is removed from rear of the Queue");
rear=rear-1;
te--;
}
}
int getfront()
{
if(isempty())
{

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System.out.println("Underflow");
return-1;
}
System.out.println("the front element is:"+queue[front]);
return queue[front];
}
int getrear()
{
if(isempty()||rear<0)
{
System.out.println("Underflown");
return-1;
}
System.out.println("The rear element is:"+queue[rear]);
return queue[rear];
}
void display()
{
int x,i;
if(isempty())
{
System.out.println("Underflown");
return;
}
else
{
x=front;
for(i=1;i<=te;i++)
{
System.out.println(+x+""+queue[x]);
x=(x+1)%SIZE;
}
}
}
}
class DeQue
{
public static void main(String[]args)
{
System.out.println("********** Dequeue using circular array **********");
boolean flag=true;
Scanner in=new Scanner(System.in);

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int ch,num,x;
MyDeque dq = new MyDeque();
while(flag)
{
System.out.println("n1.INSERT FRONTn2.INSERT REARn3.DELETE
FRONTn4.DELETE REARn5.GET FRONTn6.GET
REARn7.DISPLAYn8.EXITn Enter your choice:");
ch=in.nextInt();
switch(ch)
{
case 1:
System.out.print("Enter a number you want to insert in front of Dequeue:");
num = in.nextInt();
dq.insertfront(num);
break;
case 2:
System.out.print("Enter a number you want to insert in rear of Dequeue:");
num = in.nextInt();
dq.insertrear(num);
break;
case 3:
dq.deletefront();
break;
case 4:
dq.deleterear();
break;
case 5:
x=dq.getfront();
break;
case 6:
x=dq.getrear();
break;
case 7:
dq.display();
break;
case 8:
flag = false;
}
}
}
}

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Output :
C:UsersDMSSVHDesktop203C1A0405>javac DeQue.java
C:UsersDMSSVHDesktop203C1A0405>java DeQue
********** Dequeue using circular array **********
1.INSERT FRONT
2.INSERT REAR
3.DELETE FRONT
4.DELETE REAR
5.GET FRONT
6.GET REAR
7.DISPLAY
8.EXIT
Enter your choice:
1
Enter a number you want to insert in front of Dequeue:15
1.INSERT FRONT
2.INSERT REAR
3.DELETE FRONT
4.DELETE REAR
5.GET FRONT
6.GET REAR
7.DISPLAY
8.EXIT
Enter your choice:
1
Enter a number you want to insert in front of Dequeue:24
1.INSERT FRONT
2.INSERT REAR
3.DELETE FRONT
4.DELETE REAR
5.GET FRONT
6.GET REAR
7.DISPLAY
8.EXIT

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Enter your choice:
1
Enter a number you want to insert in front of Dequeue:34
1.INSERT FRONT
2.INSERT REAR
3.DELETE FRONT
4.DELETE REAR
5.GET FRONT
6.GET REAR
7.DISPLAY
8.EXIT
Enter your choice:
1
Enter a number you want to insert in front of Dequeue:44
1.INSERT FRONT
2.INSERT REAR
3.DELETE FRONT
4.DELETE REAR
5.GET FRONT
6.GET REAR
7.DISPLAY
8.EXIT
Enter your choice:
1
Enter a number you want to insert in front of Dequeue:54
1.INSERT FRONT
2.INSERT REAR
3.DELETE FRONT
4.DELETE REAR
5.GET FRONT
6.GET REAR
7.DISPLAY
8.EXIT
Enter your choice:
7
554
644
734
824
915

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1.INSERT FRONT
2.INSERT REAR
3.DELETE FRONT
4.DELETE REAR
5.GET FRONT
6.GET REAR
7.DISPLAY
8.EXIT
Enter your choice:
2
Enter a number you want to insert in rear of Dequeue:90
1.INSERT FRONT
2.INSERT REAR
3.DELETE FRONT
4.DELETE REAR
5.GET FRONT
6.GET REAR
7.DISPLAY
8.EXIT
Enter your choice:
2
Enter a number you want to insert in rear of Dequeue:80
1.INSERT FRONT
2.INSERT REAR
3.DELETE FRONT
4.DELETE REAR
5.GET FRONT
6.GET REAR
7.DISPLAY
8.EXIT
Enter your choice:
2
Enter a number you want to insert in rear of Dequeue:70
1.INSERT FRONT
2.INSERT REAR
3.DELETE FRONT
4.DELETE REAR
5.GET FRONT
6.GET REAR

44. DATA STRUCTURES USING JAVA LAB
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7.DISPLAY
8.EXIT
Enter your choice:
7
554
644
734
824
915
090
180
270
1.INSERT FRONT
2.INSERT REAR
3.DELETE FRONT
4.DELETE REAR
5.GET FRONT
6.GET REAR
7.DISPLAY
8.EXIT
Enter your choice:
5
the front element is:54
1.INSERT FRONT
2.INSERT REAR
3.DELETE FRONT
4.DELETE REAR
5.GET FRONT
6.GET REAR
7.DISPLAY
8.EXIT
Enter your choice:
6
The rear element is:70
1.INSERT FRONT
2.INSERT REAR
3.DELETE FRONT
4.DELETE REAR
5.GET FRONT
6.GET REAR

45. DATA STRUCTURES USING JAVA LAB
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7.DISPLAY
8.EXIT
Enter your choice:
3
54is removed from front of queue
1.INSERT FRONT
2.INSERT REAR
3.DELETE FRONT
4.DELETE REAR
5.GET FRONT
6.GET REAR
7.DISPLAY
8.EXIT
Enter your choice:
4
70is removed from rear of the Queue
1.INSERT FRONT
2.INSERT REAR
3.DELETE FRONT
4.DELETE REAR
5.GET FRONT
6.GET REAR
7.DISPLAY
8.EXIT
Enter your choice:
7
644
734
824
915
090
180
1.INSERT FRONT
2.INSERT REAR
3.DELETE FRONT
4.DELETE REAR
5.GET FRONT
6.GET REAR

46. DATA STRUCTURES USING JAVA LAB
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7.DISPLAY
8.EXIT
Enter your choice:
6 .Write a java program to implement the deque(Double ended queue)Adt using
B) // DEQUEUE USING DOUBLY LINKED LIST//
import java.util.*;
class Dequell
{
Node front;
Node rear;
class Node
{
int i;
Node next;
Node prev;
Node(int i)
{
this.i = i;
}
}
Dequell()
{
this.front = null;
this.rear = null;
}
boolean isEmpty()
{
return front == null;
}
void insertfront(int i)
{
Node newNode = new Node(i);
if(isEmpty())
{
rear = newNode;
}
else
{
front.prev = newNode;
}

47. DATA STRUCTURES USING JAVA LAB
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newNode.next = front;
front = newNode;
}
void insertrear(int i)
{
Node newNode = new Node(i);
if(isEmpty())
{
front = newNode;
}
else
{
rear.next = newNode;
newNode.prev = rear;
}
rear = newNode;
}
void removefront()
{
if(isEmpty())
System.out.print("UnderFlown");
else
{
Node temp = front;
if(front.next == null)
{
rear = null;
}
else
{
front.next.prev = null;
}
front = front.next;
System.out.println("Node "+ temp.i + " deleted");
}
}
void removerear()
{
if(isEmpty())
System.out.print("UnderFlown");
else
{
Node temp = rear;

48. DATA STRUCTURES USING JAVA LAB
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if(rear.next == null)
{
front = null;
}
else
{
rear.prev.next = null;
}
rear = rear.prev;
System.out.println("Node "+ temp.i + " deleted");
}
}
void getfront()
{
if(isEmpty())
System.out.print("UnderFlown");
else
System.out.println("The front element is: "+front.i);
}
void getrear()
{
if(isEmpty())
System.out.print("UnderFlown");
else
System.out.println("The front element is: "+rear.i);
}
void displayforward()
{
Node current = front;
while(current != null)
{
System.out.print(current.i + " ");
current = current.next;
}
}
void displaybackward()
{
Node current = rear;
while(current != null)
{
System.out.print(current.i + " ");
current = current.prev;

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}
}
}
class Dql
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
Dequell dq = new Dequell();
System.out.print("********** DeQueue using Doubly Linked List **********");
boolean flag=true;
Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
int ch, num,x;
while(flag)
{
System.out.print("n 1.INSERT FRONT n 2.INSERT REARn 3.REMOVE
FRONTn
4.REMOVE REARn 5.GET FRONTn 6.GET REARn 7.DISPLAY FORWARDn
8.DISPLAY
BACKWARD n 9.EXITnEnter your choice : ");
ch = in.nextInt();
switch(ch)
{
case 1:
System.out.print(" Enter a number you want to insert in front of Dequeue : ");
num = in.nextInt();
dq.insertfront(num);
break;
case 2:
System.out.print(" Enter a number you want to insert in rear of Dequeue : ");
num = in.nextInt();
dq.insertrear(num);
break;
case 3:
dq.removefront();
break;
case 4:
dq.removerear();
break;
case 5:
dq.getfront();
break;
case 6:

50. DATA STRUCTURES USING JAVA LAB
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dq.getrear();
break;
case 7:
dq.displayforward();
break;
case 8:
dq.displaybackward();
break;
case 9:
flag=false;
}
}
}
}

51. DATA STRUCTURES USING JAVA LAB
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Output :
C:UsersDMSSVHDesktop203C1A0405>javac Dequell.java
C:UsersDMSSVHDesktop203C1A0405>java Dequell
********** DeQueue using Doubly Linked List **********
1.INSERT FRONT
2.INSERT REAR
3.REMOVE FRONT
4.REMOVE REAR
5.GET FRONT
6.GET REAR
7.DISPLAY FORWARD
8.DISPLAY BACKWARD
9. EXIT
Enter your choice : 1
Enter a number you want to insert in front of Dequeue : 10
1.INSERT FRONT
2.INSERT REAR
3.REMOVE FRONT
4.REMOVE REAR
5.GET FRONT
6.GET REAR
7.DISPLAY FORWARD
8.DISPLAY BACKWARD
9. EXIT
Enter your choice : 1
Enter a number you want to insert in front of Dequeue : 20
1.INSERT FRONT
2.INSERT REAR
3.REMOVE FRONT
4.REMOVE REAR
5.GET FRONT
6.GET REAR
7.DISPLAY FORWARD
8.DISPLAY BACKWARD
9. EXIT

52. DATA STRUCTURES USING JAVA LAB
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Enter your choice : 1
Enter a number you want to insert in front of Dequeue : 30
1.INSERT FRONT
2.INSERT REAR
3.REMOVE FRONT
4.REMOVE REAR
5.GET FRONT
6.GET REAR
7.DISPLAY FORWARD
8.DISPLAY BACKWARD
9. EXIT
Enter your choice : 7
30 20 10
1.INSERT FRONT
2.INSERT REAR
3.REMOVE FRONT
4.REMOVE REAR
5.GET FRONT
6.GET REAR
7.DISPLAY FORWARD
8.DISPLAY BACKWARD
9. EXIT
Enter your choice : 2
Enter a number you want to insert in rear of Dequeue : 11
1.INSERT FRONT
2.INSERT REAR
3.REMOVE FRONT
4.REMOVE REAR
5.GET FRONT
6.GET REAR
7.DISPLAY FORWARD
8.DISPLAY BACKWARD
9. EXIT
Enter your choice : 2
Enter a number you want to insert in rear of Dequeue : 22
1.INSERT FRONT
2.INSERT REAR
3.REMOVE FRONT
4.REMOVE REAR
5.GET FRONT
6.GET REAR
7.DISPLAY FORWARD

53. DATA STRUCTURES USING JAVA LAB
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8.DISPLAY BACKWARD
9. EXIT
Enter your choice : 2
Enter a number you want to insert in rear of Dequeue : 33
1.INSERT FRONT
2.INSERT REAR
3.REMOVE FRONT
4.REMOVE REAR
5.GET FRONT
6.GET REAR
7.DISPLAY FORWARD
8.DISPLAY BACKWARD
9. EXIT
Enter your choice : 7
30 20 10 11 22 33
1.INSERT FRONT
2.INSERT REAR
3.REMOVE FRONT
4.REMOVE REAR
5.GET FRONT
6.GET REAR
7.DISPLAY FORWARD
8.DISPLAY BACKWARD
9. EXIT
Enter your choice : 5
The front element is: 30
1.INSERT FRONT
2.INSERT REAR
3.REMOVE FRONT
4.REMOVE REAR
5.GET FRONT
6.GET REAR
7.DISPLAY FORWARD
8.DISPLAY BACKWARD
9. EXIT
Enter your choice : 6
The front element is: 33
1.INSERT FRONT
2.INSERT REAR
3.REMOVE FRONT
4.REMOVE REAR
5.GET FRONT

54. DATA STRUCTURES USING JAVA LAB
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6.GET REAR
7.DISPLAY FORWARD
8.DISPLAY BACKWARD
9. EXIT
Enter your choice : 8
33 22 11 10 20 30
1.INSERT FRONT
2.INSERT REAR
3.REMOVE FRONT
4.REMOVE REAR
5.GET FRONT
6.GET REAR
7.DISPLAY FORWARD
8.DISPLAY BACKWARD
9. EXIT
Enter your choice :

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7.Write a java program to implement priority queue ADT?
import java.util.Scanner;
class Task
{
String job;
int priority;
public Task(String job, int priority)
{
this.job = job;
this.priority = priority;
}
public String toString()
{
return "Job Name : "+ job +"nPriority : "+ priority;
}
}
class PriQueue
{
Task[] heap;
int heapSize, capacity;
public PriQueue(int capacity)
{
this.capacity = capacity + 1;
heap = new Task[this.capacity];
heapSize = 0;
}
public void clear()
{
heap = new Task[capacity];
heapSize = 0;
}
public boolean isEmpty()
{
return heapSize == 0;
}
public boolean isFull()
{

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return heapSize == capacity - 1;
}
public int size()
{
return heapSize;
}
public void insert(String job, int priority)
{
Task newJob = new Task(job, priority);
heap[++heapSize] = newJob;
int pos = heapSize;
while (pos != 1 && newJob.priority > heap[pos/2].priority)
{
heap[pos] = heap[pos/2];
pos /=2;
}
heap[pos] = newJob;
}
public Task remove()
{
int parent, child;
Task item, temp;
item = heap[1];
temp = heap[heapSize--];
parent = 1;
child = 2;
while (child <= heapSize)
{
if (child < heapSize && heap[child].priority < heap[child + 1].priority)
child++;
if (temp.priority >= heap[child].priority)
break;
heap[parent] = heap[child];
parent = child;
child *= 2;
}
heap[parent] = temp;
return item;
}
public void display()
{
int i;

57. DATA STRUCTURES USING JAVA LAB
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System.out.print("JobName Priorityn");
for(i=1;i<=heapSize;i++)
System.out.println( heap[i].job +" "+ heap[i].priority);
}
}
public class PriQueueTest
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
System.out.println("********** Priority Queue **********");
boolean flag=true;
Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
int ch, num,x;
System.out.print("Enter size of priority queue: ");
PriQueue pq = new PriQueue(in.nextInt() );
while(flag)
{
System.out.print("n1.Insertn2.Removen3.Check Emptyn4.Check
Fulln5.Clearn6.Sizen7.Displayn8.Exit nEnter your choice :");
ch = in.nextInt();
switch(ch)
{
case 1:if(pq.isFull())
System.out.println("Priority Queue Full");
else
{
System.out.println("Enter job name and priority");
pq.insert(in.next(), in.nextInt() );
}
break;
case 2 :if(pq.isEmpty())
System.out.println("Priority Queue Empty");
else
System.out.println("nJob removed nn"+ pq.remove());
break;
case 3 :
System.out.println("nEmpty Status : "+ pq.isEmpty() );
break;
case 4 :
System.out.println("nFull Status : "+ pq.isFull() );
break;
case 5 :

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System.out.println("nPriority Queue Cleared");
pq.clear();
break;
case 6 :
System.out.println("nSize = "+ pq.size() );
break;
case 7:
pq.display();
break;
case 8:
flag=false;
}
}
}
}

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Output :
C:UsersDMSSVHDesktop203C1A0405>javac PriQueueTest.java
C:UsersDMSSVHDesktop203C1A0405>java PriQueueTest
********** Priority Queue **********
Enter size of priority queue: 3
1.Insert
2.Remove
3.Check Empty
4.Check Full
5.Clear
6.Size
7.Display
8.Exit
Enter your choice :1
Enter job name and priority
j1 23
1.Insert
2.Remove
3.Check Empty
4.Check Full
5.Clear
6.Size
7.Display
8.Exit
Enter your choice :1
Enter job name and priority
j2 56
1.Insert
2.Remove
3.Check Empty
4.Check Full
5.Clear
6.Size
7.Display
8.Exit
Enter your choice :1
Enter job name and priority

60. DATA STRUCTURES USING JAVA LAB
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j3 78
1.Insert
2.Remove
3.Check Empty
4.Check Full
5.Clear
6.Size
7.Display
8.Exit
Enter your choice :7
JobName Priority
j3 78
j1 23
j2 56
1.Insert
2.Remove
3.Check Empty
4.Check Full
5.Clear
6.Size
7.Display
8.Exit
Enter your choice :3
Empty Status : false
1.Insert
2.Remove
3.Check Empty
4.Check Full
5.Clear
6.Size
7.Display
8.Exit
Enter your choice :4
Full Status : true
1.Insert
2.Remove
3.Check Empty
4.Check Full
5.Clear
6.Size
7.Display
8.Exit

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Enter your choice :6
Size = 3
1.Insert
2.Remove
3.Check Empty
4.Check Full
5.Clear
6.Size
7.Display
8.Exit
Enter your choice :2
Job removed
Job Name : j3
Priority : 78
1.Insert
2.Remove
3.Check Empty
4.Check Full
5.Clear
6.Size
7.Display
8.Exit
Enter your choice :2
Job removed
Job Name : j2
Priority : 56
1.Insert
2.Remove
3.Check Empty
4.Check Full
5.Clear
6.Size
7.Display
8.Exit
Enter your choice :2
Job removed
Job Name : j1
Priority : 23
1.Insert
2.Remove
3.Check Empty
4.Check Full

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5.Clear
6.Size
7.Display
8.Exit
Enter your choice :2
Priority Queue Empty
1.Insert
2.Remove
3.Check Empty
4.Check Full
5.Clear
6.Size
7.Display
8.Exit
Enter your choice :

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8. Write Java programs that use recursive and non-recursive functions to
traverse the given binary tree in
(a) Preorder
(b) In order and
(c) Post order.
import java.util.Stack;
class Node
{
Object data;
Node left;
Node right;
Node( Object d ) // constructor
{
data = d;
}
}
class BinaryTree
{
Object tree[];
int maxSize;
Stack<Node>stk = new Stack<Node>();
BinaryTree( Object a[], int n ) // constructor
{
maxSize = n;
tree = new Object[maxSize];
for( int i=0; i<maxSize; i++ )
tree[i] = a[i];
}
public Node buildTree( int index )
{
Node p = null;
if( tree[index] != null )
{
p = new Node(tree[index]);
p.left = buildTree(2*index+1);
p.right = buildTree(2*index+2);
}

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return p;
}
/* Recursive methods - Binary tree traversals */
public void inorder(Node p)
{
if( p != null )
{
inorder(p.left);
System.out.print(p.data +" ");
inorder(p.right);
}
}
public void preorder(Node p)
{
if( p != null )
{
System.out.print(p.data +" ");
preorder(p.left);
preorder(p.right);
}
}
public void postorder(Node p)
{
if( p != null )
{
postorder(p.left);
postorder(p.right);
System.out.print(p.data +" ");
}
}
/* Non-recursive methods - Binary tree traversals */
public void preorderIterative(Node p)
{
if(p == null )
{
System.out.println("Tree is empty");
return;
}
stk.push(p);
while( !stk.isEmpty() )
{
p = stk.pop();

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if( p != null )
{
System.out.print(p.data +" ");
stk.push(p.right);
stk.push(p.left);
}
}
}
public void inorderIterative(Node p)
{
if(p == null )
{
System.out.println("Tree is empty");
return;
}
while( !stk.isEmpty() || p != null )
{
if( p != null )
{
stk.push(p); // push left-most path onto stack
p = p.left;
}
else
{
p = stk.pop(); // assign popped node to p
System.out.print(p.data +" "); // print node data
p = p.right; // move p to right subtree
}
}
}
public void postorderIterative(Node p)
{
if(p == null )
{
System.out.println("Tree is empty");
return;
}
Node tmp = p;
while( p != null )
{
while( p.left != null )
{

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stk.push(p);
p = p.left;
}
while( p != null && (p.right == null || p.right == tmp ))
{
System.out.print(p.data +" "); // print node data
tmp = p;
if( stk.isEmpty() )
return;
p = stk.pop();
}
stk.push(p);
p = p.right;
}
}
} // end of BinaryTree class
class BinaryTreeTest
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
Object arr[] ={'A','B','C','D','E','F','G', null,
null, null, null, null, null, null, null };
BinaryTree t = new BinaryTree( arr, arr.length );
Node root = t.buildTree(0); // buildTree() returns reference to root
System.out.print("n Recursive Binary Tree Traversals:");
System.out.print("n inorder:");
t.inorder(root);
System.out.print("n preorder:");
t.preorder(root);
System.out.print("n postorder:");
t.postorder(root);
System.out.print("n Non-recursive Binary Tree Traversals:");
System.out.print("n inorder:");
t.inorderIterative(root);
System.out.print("n preorder:");
t.preorderIterative(root);
System.out.print("n postorder:");
t.postorderIterative(root);
}
}

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Output :
C:UsersDMSSVHDesktop203C1A0405>javac BinaryTreeTest.java
C:UsersDMSSVHDesktop203C1A0405>java BinaryTreeTest
Recursive Binary Tree Traversals:
inorder:D B E A F C G
preorder:A B D E C F G
postorder:D E B F G C A
Non-recursive Binary Tree Traversals:
inorder:D B E A F C G
preorder:A B D E C F G
postorder:D E B F G C A

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9. Write a Java program that displays node values in a level order traversal
(Traverse the tree one level at a time, starting at the root node) for a binary tree.
import java.util.Queue;
import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.*;
public class Tree
{
static Node root;
static class Node
{
int data;
Node left;
Node right;
Node( int d ) // constructor
{
this.data = d;
}
}
public Node BuildTree( int arr[], int i )
{
Node root=null;
if(i&lt;arr.length)
{
root=new Node(arr[i]);
root.left=BuildTree(arr,2*i+1);
root.right = BuildTree(arr,2*i+2);
}
return root;
}
public void printLevelOrder(Node root)
{
Queue&lt;Node&gt; queue = new LinkedList&lt;Node&gt;();
queue.add(root);
while (!queue.isEmpty()) {
Node tempNode = queue.poll();
System.out.print(tempNode.data + &quot; &quot;);
if (tempNode.left != null) {

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queue.add(tempNode.left);
}
if (tempNode.right != null) {
queue.add(tempNode.right);
}
}
}
public void inorder(Node p)
{
if( p != null )
{
inorder(p.left);
System.out.print(p.data + &quot; &quot;);
inorder(p.right);
}
}
public static void main(String args[])
{
Tree t=new Tree();
int[] arr=new int[6];
Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
int i;
for(i=0;i&lt;=5;i++)
arr[i]=in.nextInt();
t.root=t.BuildTree(arr,0);
System.out.print(&quot;n Level Order Traversal: &quot;);
t.printLevelOrder(root);
System.out.print(&quot;n InOrder Traversal: &quot;);
t.inorder(root);
}
}

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OUTPUT:
C:UsersDMSSVHDesktop203C1A0405>javac Tree.java
C:UsersDMSSVHDesktop203C1A0405>java Tree
1 2 3 4 5 6
Level Order Traversal: 1 2 3 4 5 6
InOrder Traversal: 4 2 5 1 6 3

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10. Write a Java program that uses recursive functions.
(a) To create a binary search tree.
(b) To count the number of leaf nodes.
(c) To copy the above binary search tree.
import java.util.*;
class Node
{
int data;
Node left, right;
Node(int key)
{
data = key;
left = right = null;
}
}
class BST
{
public static void inorder(Node root)
{
if (root == null) {
return;
}
inorder(root.left);
System.out.print(root.data + &quot; &quot;);
inorder(root.right);
}
public static Node insert(Node root, int key)
{
if (root == null)
{
return new Node(key);
}
if (key &lt; root.data)
{

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root.left = insert(root.left, key);
}
else
{
root.right = insert(root.right, key);
}
return root;
}
int getLeafCount(Node node)
{
if (node == null)
return 0;
if (node.left == null &amp;&amp; node.right == null)
return 1;
else
return getLeafCount(node.left) + getLeafCount(node.right);
}
Node cloneBST(Node root)
{
if (root == null)
{
return null;
}
Node root_copy = new Node(root.data);
root_copy.left = cloneBST(root.left);
root_copy.right = cloneBST(root.right);
return root_copy;
}
}
class BSTMain
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
int key;
boolean flag=true;
Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
int ch, n;
Node root=null,root_copy=null;;
BST b=new BST();
while(flag)
{
System.out.print(&quot;n1.Create BSTn2.Count Leavesn3.Copy Treen4.Inorder

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traversaln5.ExitnEnter your Choice: &quot;);
ch = in.nextInt();
switch(ch)
{
case 1:
System.out.print(&quot;nEnter the number of keys:&quot;);
n=in.nextInt();
System.out.println(&quot;nEnter &quot;+n+&quot; Keys:&quot;);
for(int i=1;i&lt;=n;i++)
{
key=in.nextInt();
root=b.insert(root,key);
}
break;
case 2: System.out.print(&quot;Number of leaf nodes: &quot;+b.getLeafCount(root));
break;
case 3: root_copy=b.cloneBST(root);
System.out.println(&quot;BST is copied,New Tree Inorder traversal:n&quot;);
b.inorder(root_copy);
break;
case 4: b.inorder(root);
break;
case 5: flag=false;
}
}
}
}

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Output :
C:UsersDMSSVHDesktop203C1A0405>javac BSTMain.java
C:UsersDMSSVHDesktop203C1A0405>java BSTMain
1.Create BST
2.Count Leaves
3.Copy Tree
4.Inorder traversal
5.Exit
Enter your Choice: 1
Enter the number of keys:6
Enter 6 Keys:
50 70 80 15 30 68
1.Create BST
2.Count Leaves
3.Copy Tree
4.Inorder traversal
5.Exit
Enter your Choice: 2
Number of leaf nodes: 3
1.Create BST
2.Count Leaves
3.Copy Tree
4.Inorder traversal
5.Exit
Enter your Choice: 4
15 30 50 68 70 80
1.Create BST
2.Count Leaves
3.Copy Tree
4.Inorder traversal
5.Exit

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Enter your Choice: 3
BST is copied,New Tree Inorder traversal:
15 30 50 68 70 80
1.Create BST
2.Count Leaves
3.Copy Tree
4.Inorder traversal
5.Exit
Enter your Choice: 5

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11. Write Java programs for the implementation of bfs and dfs for a given
graph?
import java.util.*;
class GTraversal
{
int N;
int [][]adj;
int[] visited;
LinkedList<Integer> q=new LinkedList<Integer>();
GTraversal(int n)
{
N=n;
adj=new int[N][N];
visited=new int[N];
for(int i=0;i<N;i++)
visited[i]=0;
for(int i=0;i<N;i++)
for(int j=0;j<N;j++)
adj[i][j]=0;
}
void addEdge(int u,int v)
{
adj[u][v]=1;
adj[v][u]=1;
}
public void printMatrix()
{
for(int i=0;i<N;i++)
{
for(int j=0;j<N;j++)
{
System.out.print(+adj[i][j]+" ");

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}
System.out.print("n");
}
}
void BFS(int s)
{
q.add(s);
visited[s]=1;
while(!q.isEmpty())
{
int x=q.poll();
System.out.print(x+" ");
for(int i=0;i<N;i++)
{
if(adj[x][i]==1 && (visited[i]==0))
{
q.add(i);
visited[i]=1;
}
}
}
}
void DFS(int s)
{
int j;
System.out.print(s+" ");
visited[s]=1;
for(j=0;j<N;j++)
if(visited[j]==0&&adj[s][j]==1)
DFS(j);
}
public static void main(String[] args)
{
Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
int num,e,u,v;
System.out.println("Enter the number of vertices:");
num=in.nextInt();
GTraversal g=new GTraversal(num);
GTraversal g1=new GTraversal(num);
System.out.println("Enter the Number of Edges:");

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e=in.nextInt();
System.out.println("Enter the Edges:");
for(int i=1;i<=e;i++)
{
u=in.nextInt();
v=in.nextInt();
g.addEdge(u,v);
g1.addEdge(u,v);
}
g.printMatrix();
System.out.println("BFS");
g.BFS(0);
System.out.println("nDFS");
g1.DFS(0);
}
}

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Output:
C:UsersstaffDesktopJAVA>java GTraversal
Enter the number of vertices:
7
Enter the Number of Edges:
11
Enter the Edges:
0 1
0 3
1 3
1 2
2 3
2 4
2 5
3 4
4 6
6 1
1 5
0 1 0 1 0 0 0
1 0 1 1 0 1 1
0 1 0 1 1 1 0
1 1 1 0 1 0 0
0 0 1 1 0 0 1
0 1 1 0 0 0 0
0 1 0 0 1 0 0
BFS
0 1 3 2 5 6 4
DFS
0 1 2 3 4 6 5

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12 . write java program for implementing the following sorting methods:
a) Bubble sort
import java.util.*;
class BubbleSort
{
void BubbleSort(int arr[],int n)
{
for(int i=0;i<n-1;i++)
for(int j=0;j<n-i-1;j++)
if(arr[j]>arr[j+1])
{
int temp = arr[j];
arr[j] = arr[j+1];
arr[j+1] = temp;
}
}
void printArray(int arr[])
{
int n=arr.length;
for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
System.out.print(arr[i]+" ");
System.out.println();
}
public static void main(String[]args)
{
BubbleSort ob = new BubbleSort();
int n;
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter the number of elements:");
n=sc.nextInt();
int[]arr=new int[n];
System.out.println("Enter the elements of the array:");
for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
{
arr[i]=sc.nextInt();
}

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ob.BubbleSort(arr,n);
System.out.println("Sorted array-BubbleSort");
ob.printArray(arr);
}
}
Output :
C:UsersDMSSVHDesktop203C1A0405>javac BubbleSort.java
C:UsersDMSSVHDesktop203C1A0405>java BubbleSort
Enter the number of elements:5
Enter the elements of the array:
10
20
30
40
50
Sorted array-BubbleSort
10 20 30 40 50

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b) Selection Sort
import java.util.*;
class SelectionSort
{
void SelectionSort(int arr[],int n)
{
int k,pos,temp;
for(k=0;k<n;k++)
{
pos = smallest(arr,k,n);
temp = arr[k];
arr[k] = arr[pos];
arr[pos] = temp;
}
}
int smallest(int arr[],int k,int n)
{
int pos = k,small=arr[k],i;
for(i=k+1;i<n;i++)
{
if(arr[i]<small)
{
small=arr[i];
pos=i;
}
}
return pos;
}
void printArray(int arr[])
{
int n=arr.length;
for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
System.out.print(arr[i]+" ");
System.out.println();
}
public static void main(String[]args)

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{
SelectionSort s = new SelectionSort();
int n;
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter the number of elements:");
n=sc.nextInt();
int[]arr=new int[n];
System.out.println("Enter the elements of the array:");
for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
{
arr[i]=sc.nextInt();
}
s.SelectionSort(arr,n);
System.out.println("Sorted array-SelectionSort");
s.printArray(arr);
}
}

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Output :
C:UsersDMSSVHDesktop203C1A0405>javac SelectionSort.java
C:UsersDMSSVHDesktop203C1A0405>java SelectionSort
Enter the number of elements:5
Enter the elements of the array:
21
22
23
24
25
Sorted array-SelectionSort
21 22 23 24 25

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C) Insert Sort
import java.util.*;
public class InsertSort
{
void InsertSort(int arr[])
{
int n = arr.length;
for(int i=1;i<n;i++)
{
int key = arr[i];
int j=i-1;
while(j>=0&&arr[j]>key)
{
arr[j+1]=arr[j];
j = j-1;
}
arr[j+1]=key;
}
}
void printArray(int arr[])
{
int n=arr.length;
for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
System.out.print(arr[i]+" ");
System.out.println();
}
public static void main(String[]args)
{
SelectionSort s = new SelectionSort();
int n;
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter the number of elements:");
n=sc.nextInt();
int[]arr1=new int[n];
System.out.println("Enter the elements of the array:");
for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
{

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arr1[i]=sc.nextInt();
}
InsertSort ob = new InsertSort();
ob.InsertSort(arr1);
ob.printArray(arr1)
}}
Output :
C:UsersDMSSVHDesktop203C1A0405>javac InsertSort.java
C:UsersDMSSVHDesktop203C1A0405>java InsertSort
Enter the number of elements:5
Enter the elements of the array:
71
72
73
74
75
71 72 73 74 75

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13. Write a Java program for implementing KMP pattern matching algorithm.
import java.util.*;
class KMP
{
void KMPSearch(String pat, String txt)
{
int M = pat.length();
int N = txt.length();
int lps[] = new int[M];
int j = 0;
computeLPSArray(pat, M, lps);
int i = 0;
while ((N - i) >= (M - j))
{
if (pat.charAt(j) == txt.charAt(i))
{
j++;
i++;
}
if (j == M)
{
System.out.println("Found pattern " + "at index " + (i - j));
j = lps[j - 1];
}
else
if (i < N && pat.charAt(j) != txt.charAt(i))
{
if (j != 0)
j = lps[j - 1];
else

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i = i + 1;
}
}
}
void computeLPSArray(String pat, int M, int lps[])
{
int len = 0;
int i = 1;
lps[0] = 0;
while (i < M)
{
if (pat.charAt(i) == pat.charAt(len))
{
len++;
lps[i] = len;
i++;
}
else
{
if (len != 0)
{
len = lps[len - 1];
}
else
{
lps[i] = len;
i++;
}
}
}
}
}
public static void main(String args[])
{
String txt,pat;
Scanner sc= new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter a string: ");
txt=sc.nextLine();
System.out.print("enter the pattern string: ");
pat=sc.nextLine();

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new KMP().kmpSearch(pat,str);
}
}
Output :
C:UsersDMSSVHDesktop203C1A0405>javac KMP.java
C:UsersDMSSVHDesktop203C1A0405>java KMP
Enter a string: sushmasushmasushma
enter the pattern string: ma
Found pattern at index 4
Found pattern at index 10
Found pattern at index 16
C:UsersDMSSVHDesktop203C1A0405>javac KMP.java
C:UsersDMSSVHDesktop203C1A0405>java KMP
Enter a string: heyhiheyheyhi
enter the pattern string: he
Found pattern at index 0
Found pattern at index 5
Found pattern at index 8