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Drug_Distribution_and_Dispensing_PPT.pptx
- 1. Drug Distribution –Introduction • Drug distribution means movement of drug in body • It travels through blood to tissues • Affected by blood flow and tissue binding • Distribution decides drug action • Important in therapy • Basis for dosing
- 2. Factors Affecting Distribution •Blood flow to organs differs • Protein binding controls free drug • Fat and water content matters • Barriers like BBB affect entry • Disease can change distribution • Helps decide dose
- 3. Why Distribution Matters •Controls onset of action • Controls intensity of effect • Determines duration of effect • Prevents toxicity • Used in drug designing • Key for pharmacists
- 4. Drug Dispensing –Meaning • Dispensing means providing medicines • It includes checking prescription • Right drug to right patient • Involves labeling medicines • Includes patient counselling • A core pharmacy duty
- 5. Steps in DrugDispensing • Receive prescription • Check drug, dose, frequency • Interpret and verify • Prepare medication • Label properly • Counsel patient
- 6. Importance of Dispensing •Ensures safety • Avoids medication errors • Improves compliance • Builds patient trust • Ensures correct use • Protects public health
- 7. Types of Dispensing •Inpatient dispensing • Outpatient dispensing • Emergency dispensing • Unit dose dispensing • Floor stock system • Automated dispensing
- 8. Inpatient Dispensing –Intro • Used for admitted patients • Medication provided for wards • Pharmacy works with doctors • Doses sent as per schedule • Focus on accuracy • Part of hospital workflow
- 9. Process of InpatientDispensing • Receive ward medication chart • Interpret orders • Prepare doses • Cross check carefully ‑ • Deliver to nurse station • Record supply
- 10. Advantages of InpatientDispensing • Safe medication cycle • Lower error risk • Better monitoring • Coordinated care • Easier dose adjustments • Improved outcomes
- 11. Outpatient Dispensing –Intro • For patients visiting OPD • Medicine given directly • Requires fast service • High patient interaction • Counselling needed • Record maintained
- 12. Process of OutpatientDispensing • Receive prescription • Verify details quickly • Pick and pack medicines • Explain usage • Check interactions • Provide follow up info ‑
- 13. Advantages of OutpatientDispensing • Convenient for patients • Immediate access to medicines • Better counselling • Patient education • Builds trust • Improves compliance
- 14. Difference: Inpatient vsOutpatient • Inpatient is for admitted patients • Outpatient is for OPD visitors • Inpatient involves scheduled dosing • Outpatient involves self use ‑ • Inpatient has ward delivery • Outpatient has counter delivery
- 15. More Differences • Inpatientmonitored by nurses • Outpatient self monitored ‑ • Inpatient records by hospital • Outpatient keeps own record • Different workflow • Different counselling level
- 16. Role of Pharmacist •Ensure safe medicines • Counsel patients • Avoid interactions • Maintain records • Work with doctors • Provide accurate doses
- 17. Common Errors toAvoid • Wrong drug selection • Wrong dose • Wrong patient • Wrong label • Missing interaction check • Poor counselling
- 18. How to PreventErrors • Follow checklist • Double check prescription • Use standard procedures • Clear communication • Proper storage • Update knowledge
- 19. Unit Dose Concept •Each dose packed separately • Reduces errors • Improves safety • Used in hospitals • Easy to administer • Popular worldwide
- 20. Floor Stock System •Stocks kept in wards • Quick access for nurses • Used for common drugs • Needs control • Risk of misuse • Needs monitoring
- 21. Automated Dispensing • Usesmachines • Fast and accurate • Reduces workload • Improves tracking • Secure storage • Modern hospitals use it
- 22. Counselling in Dispensing •Explain dosage • Explain timing • Explain side effects • Explain storage • Explain precautions • Encourage adherence
- 23. Ethics in Dispensing •Confidentiality • Honesty • Accuracy • Respect for patient • Professional behaviour • No discrimination
- 24. Final Summary • Distributionaffects drug action • Dispensing ensures safe supply • Inpatient vs outpatient differ • Pharmacist role important • Counselling improves outcomes • Safe use is priority
- 25. Thank You • Preparedfor academic purpose • Simple understanding • Human friendly language ‑ • Covers 25 slides • Follows 6 point rule ‑ • Includes sample image blocks