CHAMP Monthly Teleconference Training - PrEP's the Word: Everyone's Talking About It... But What Do We Need To Know, And Do, About Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis
This document summarizes key information from an HIV & Global Health Rounds presentation on updates from the 2020 Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI 2020). The presentation covered the global HIV epidemic, contraception and prevention, treatment as prevention, pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), and HIV vaccines. Highlights included findings from the ECHO contraceptive study showing no increased HIV risk from various contraceptives, modest reductions in HIV incidence from universal test and treat trials, long-term efficacy and safety data from the DISCOVER PrEP trial, and the failure of the HVTN 702 vaccine trial to show efficacy.
Stephen Rawlings, MD, PhD
Clinical Fellow
Division of Infectious Diseases & Global Public Health
Department of Medicine
University of California, San Diego
Can we end the HIV/AIDS epidemic? Josip begovacPinHealth
1) In 2013, 136,235 new HIV infections were diagnosed in Europe, with 79,728 infections in Russia alone.
2) The concept of "ending AIDS" refers to bringing the HIV epidemic under control through strategies like widespread antiretroviral treatment and prevention of onward transmission.
3) Studies have shown pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) using antiretroviral drugs can reduce the risk of HIV transmission by over 80% when used consistently before and after exposure to the virus.
Vaccination as a health prevention strategy for elderlyMarc Evans Abat
Vaccination plays an important role in health promotion and disease prevention for the elderly population. Common recommended vaccines include annual influenza, one-time pneumococcal and herpes zoster vaccines. Studies show that influenza and pneumococcal vaccines reduce illness, hospitalizations and deaths in the elderly. Challenges to vaccination uptake in the elderly include improving awareness, access, affordability and addressing resource allocation issues across individual, provider, research and policy levels.
Vaccinations in older adults a european guidance - Slideset by Professor Gaet...WAidid
This document provides guidance on vaccinations for older adults in Europe. It summarizes recommendations for relevant vaccines including influenza, pneumococcal, herpes zoster, diphtheria/tetanus/pertussis, and tick-borne encephalitis based on limitations in understanding issues and effectiveness evidence. Vaccines are recommended according to disease incidence and prevalence, cost-effectiveness considering disease and complication costs versus vaccination costs, and individual versus collective benefit. Guidance for vaccine schedules and coverage varies across Europe.
Dr. James Hughes - Combating Antimicrobial Resistance: The Way ForwardJohn Blue
Combating Antimicrobial Resistance: The Way Forward - Dr. James Hughes, Professor of Medicine and Public Health with Joint Appointments in the School of Medicine and the Rollins School of Public Health at Emory University, from the 2014 NIAA Symposium on Antibiotics Use and Resistance: Moving Forward Through Shared Stewardship, November 12-14, 2014, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
More presentations at http://www.swinecast.com/2014-niaa-antibiotics-moving-forward-through-shared-stewardship
Neonatal mortality remains a significant global challenge, accounting for nearly half of all under-5 deaths in 2016. Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a leading cause of neonatal infections and deaths. While intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis (IAP) reduces early-onset GBS disease, it does not prevent late-onset disease and universal implementation is difficult. A maternal GBS vaccine could help address this unmet need by providing broader protection against both early and late-onset GBS disease compared to IAP alone. Standardized immunological assays will be important to establish a correlate of protection and validate potential GBS vaccines.
This document summarizes key information from an HIV & Global Health Rounds presentation on updates from the 2020 Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI 2020). The presentation covered the global HIV epidemic, contraception and prevention, treatment as prevention, pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), and HIV vaccines. Highlights included findings from the ECHO contraceptive study showing no increased HIV risk from various contraceptives, modest reductions in HIV incidence from universal test and treat trials, long-term efficacy and safety data from the DISCOVER PrEP trial, and the failure of the HVTN 702 vaccine trial to show efficacy.
Stephen Rawlings, MD, PhD
Clinical Fellow
Division of Infectious Diseases & Global Public Health
Department of Medicine
University of California, San Diego
Can we end the HIV/AIDS epidemic? Josip begovacPinHealth
1) In 2013, 136,235 new HIV infections were diagnosed in Europe, with 79,728 infections in Russia alone.
2) The concept of "ending AIDS" refers to bringing the HIV epidemic under control through strategies like widespread antiretroviral treatment and prevention of onward transmission.
3) Studies have shown pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) using antiretroviral drugs can reduce the risk of HIV transmission by over 80% when used consistently before and after exposure to the virus.
Vaccination as a health prevention strategy for elderlyMarc Evans Abat
Vaccination plays an important role in health promotion and disease prevention for the elderly population. Common recommended vaccines include annual influenza, one-time pneumococcal and herpes zoster vaccines. Studies show that influenza and pneumococcal vaccines reduce illness, hospitalizations and deaths in the elderly. Challenges to vaccination uptake in the elderly include improving awareness, access, affordability and addressing resource allocation issues across individual, provider, research and policy levels.
Vaccinations in older adults a european guidance - Slideset by Professor Gaet...WAidid
This document provides guidance on vaccinations for older adults in Europe. It summarizes recommendations for relevant vaccines including influenza, pneumococcal, herpes zoster, diphtheria/tetanus/pertussis, and tick-borne encephalitis based on limitations in understanding issues and effectiveness evidence. Vaccines are recommended according to disease incidence and prevalence, cost-effectiveness considering disease and complication costs versus vaccination costs, and individual versus collective benefit. Guidance for vaccine schedules and coverage varies across Europe.
Dr. James Hughes - Combating Antimicrobial Resistance: The Way ForwardJohn Blue
Combating Antimicrobial Resistance: The Way Forward - Dr. James Hughes, Professor of Medicine and Public Health with Joint Appointments in the School of Medicine and the Rollins School of Public Health at Emory University, from the 2014 NIAA Symposium on Antibiotics Use and Resistance: Moving Forward Through Shared Stewardship, November 12-14, 2014, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
More presentations at http://www.swinecast.com/2014-niaa-antibiotics-moving-forward-through-shared-stewardship
Neonatal mortality remains a significant global challenge, accounting for nearly half of all under-5 deaths in 2016. Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a leading cause of neonatal infections and deaths. While intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis (IAP) reduces early-onset GBS disease, it does not prevent late-onset disease and universal implementation is difficult. A maternal GBS vaccine could help address this unmet need by providing broader protection against both early and late-onset GBS disease compared to IAP alone. Standardized immunological assays will be important to establish a correlate of protection and validate potential GBS vaccines.
This study assesses the cost-effectiveness of palivizumab (Synagis), a preventative treatment for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in high-risk children, from the perspective of the UK National Health Service. A decision tree model was developed using data from clinical trials, literature, and UK cost sources. The analysis found that palivizumab prophylaxis compared to no prophylaxis had an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of £7042-16,720 per quality-adjusted life year gained for preterm infants and children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and £2427-6664 per QALY gained for children with congenital heart disease, suggesting pal
Nigeria's National Programme on ImmunisationEsther Ajari
This presentation gives a well-researched overview of Nigeria's National Programme on Immunization. The key areas covered include: Definition of terminologies, history, components, controversies, strategies, and guidelines.
This document discusses meningitis sequelae, follow-up care, and challenges in assessing outcomes in low-income countries. Key points include:
1) Meningitis can cause long-term neurodisability in 20% of survivors, including cognitive, sensory, and behavioral impairments. Follow-up care is limited in low-income settings.
2) Evaluating neurodevelopmental outcomes is challenging due to a lack of standardized assessment tools adapted for different cultures and limited rehabilitation services.
3) Joseph's story illustrates the lack of follow-up care available, leading to severe disabilities not addressed for years. Improving recognition, services, and community acceptance is needed.
This document provides an overview of immunization and the Universal Immunization Program (UIP) in India. It discusses the history and components of UIP, including routine immunization, Mission Indradhanush, intensified pulse polio immunization, sub-national immunization programs, and surveillance for vaccine-preventable diseases. The objectives of UIP are to provide vaccination coverage to children and pregnant mothers against preventable diseases. The document outlines the national immunization schedule, vaccine types, storage and handling, as well as competencies related to immunization.
The document discusses optimizing pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) schedules. It provides an overview of PCV introduction and schedule changes in the UK from 1990-2015. Results are presented from a randomized controlled trial comparing immunogenicity of a 2+1 versus 1+1 PCV schedule in UK infants. The global landscape of PCV introduction is reviewed, noting opportunities to optimize schedules. Ongoing studies in multiple countries are exploring alternate PCV schedules to potentially simplify regimens while maintaining protection.
This document summarizes antibiotic resistance data from various studies in Nepal. It finds relatively high rates of resistance in common bacterial pathogens like Streptococcus pneumoniae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., and E. coli. Resistance is increasing over time to first-line drugs like cotrimoxazole and fluoroquinolones. Healthcare-associated infections also show high resistance. Surveillance is limited but suggests resistance is a serious problem. Improving stewardship and establishing ongoing monitoring are recommended to address the growing threat of antibiotic resistance in Nepal.
Rotavirus vaccines in India - Whats new in 2021 Gaurav Gupta
This document provides information on Rotavirus gastroenteritis (RVGE) and rotavirus vaccines in India, with a focus on vaccine 116E. It discusses how RVGE is a major cause of childhood diarrhea and mortality in India. It summarizes clinical trial results showing the 116E vaccine is effective at preventing severe RVGE, has a good safety profile with no increased risk of intussusception compared to other vaccines, and provides broad protection against circulating rotavirus strains in India. Phase 3 and 4 trials demonstrated 116E is well-tolerated and effective in preventing severe RVGE in Indian children when administered in a 3-dose schedule.
Presentation from the 3rd Joint Meeting of the Antimicrobial Resistance and Healthcare-Associated Infections (ARHAI) Networks, organised by the European Centre of Disease Prevention and Control - Stockholm, 11-13 February 2015
The document provides guidelines for establishing an adverse event following immunization (AEFI) surveillance system in India. It defines AEFIs and describes the different types including vaccine reactions, program errors, coincidental events, and injection reactions. AEFIs can range from minor and expected reactions like fever or local swelling, to rare but serious events like anaphylaxis. The guidelines emphasize the importance of detecting, reporting, and investigating AEFIs to ensure vaccine safety and respond to public concerns. It also outlines the roles of different agencies in regulating vaccine quality pre- and post-licensing.
The document describes investigating adverse events following immunization (AEFI). It provides an example of investigating convulsions reported in children after a measles campaign. The investigation found the convulsions were coincidental and not caused by the vaccine, as the first child had a history of prior convulsions. The report concludes it is important to properly investigate AEFIs to maintain confidence in immunization programs and determine if issues are related to vaccines, errors, or coincidences.
1) A study modeled the use of ciprofloxacin prophylaxis for epidemic response in the African meningitis belt, based on a previous cluster randomized trial in Niger that found village-wide distribution of ciprofloxacin reduced meningitis attack rates compared to household or standard care.
2) The modeling study used 2015 meningitis surveillance data from Niger to simulate the potential impact and efficiency of ciprofloxacin prophylaxis compared to reactive vaccination, finding prophylaxis could prevent more cases more efficiently.
3) The study concluded village-wide ciprofloxacin prophylaxis is an effective and efficient alternative to reactive vaccination during meningitis epidemics in the region,
Maile Young Karris, MD
Associate Professor
Co-Director San Diego Center for AIDS Research Clinical Investigations Core
Divisions of Infectious Diseases & Global Public Health and Geriatrics & Gerontology
Department of Medicine
University of California San Diego
Current situation in the meningitis belt, impact of MenAfriVac, countries that have introduced or committed to introducing it into routine schedules, catch up campaigns, controlling outbreaks and the challenge of maintaining vaccine stockpiles, use of conjugate and polysaccharide vaccines
https://www.meningitis.org/mrf-conference-2017
Adverse Events Following Immunization: Reporting standardization, Automatic C...Melanie Courtot
Analysis of spontaneous reports of Adverse Events Following Immunization (AEFIs) is an important way to identify potential problems in vaccine safety and efficacy and summarize experience for dissemination to health care authorities. The Adverse Event Reporting Ontology (AERO) we are building plays a role in increasing accuracy and quality of reporting, ultimately enhancing response time to adverse event signals.
This document provides guidance on monitoring and evaluating programs that implement lifelong antiretroviral treatment (ART) for pregnant and breastfeeding women living with HIV and their infants. It recommends adapting current monitoring and evaluation systems to integrate prevention of mother-to-child transmission and ART monitoring. This will allow programs to better measure maternal retention on ART, health outcomes for HIV-exposed infants, and identify implementation challenges. The document distinguishes between routine monitoring, which provides essential reporting data, and enhanced monitoring for early implementation of new approaches like Option B+. Enhanced monitoring involves additional data collection to promptly recognize and address problems.
This National Vaccine Policy document aims to strengthen India's Universal Immunization Programme by addressing issues related to vaccine research, regulation, introduction of new vaccines, operational efficiency, and monitoring. It provides a framework for decision making regarding current vaccines, new and underutilized vaccines, and potential future vaccines. The policy seeks to improve vaccine coverage, surveillance systems, forecasting, and human resources to optimize the vaccine enterprise in India and ensure a long-term affordable vaccine supply.
What next for prevention of pneumococcal disease in light of serotype replacement? Is there a pathway to licensure for novel pneumococcal vaccines?
https://www.meningitis.org/mrf-conference-2017
This document provides guidelines for rabies pre- and post-exposure prophylaxis in humans. It recommends purified cell culture or embryonated egg vaccines over brain-tissue vaccines. Post-exposure prophylaxis should not be delayed and consists of immediate wound cleansing, vaccine administration, and potentially immunoglobulin. Two intramuscular or intradermal vaccine regimens are described. The intradermal route reduces vaccine costs but requires trained staff and appropriate equipment.
Vulnerability and Resilience Across the Gender SpectrumCHAMP Network
The document discusses barriers to healthcare for transgender individuals and increased risk of HIV transmission. It notes that transgender people face discrimination, lack of provider knowledge, and few clinics catering to their needs. This limits access to prevention, medical care, insurance, and leads to higher rates of HIV, especially among transgender women and minorities. Improving access to hormone therapy and sensitive healthcare can increase adherence to medications and safer behaviors.
The document discusses overdevelopment in Boracay and proposes that Klein Dytham architecture has devised a shared solution. It thanks the Pecha Kucha Night Foundation and APOL for their contributions and looks forward to future discussions on the topic.
This study assesses the cost-effectiveness of palivizumab (Synagis), a preventative treatment for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in high-risk children, from the perspective of the UK National Health Service. A decision tree model was developed using data from clinical trials, literature, and UK cost sources. The analysis found that palivizumab prophylaxis compared to no prophylaxis had an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of £7042-16,720 per quality-adjusted life year gained for preterm infants and children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and £2427-6664 per QALY gained for children with congenital heart disease, suggesting pal
Nigeria's National Programme on ImmunisationEsther Ajari
This presentation gives a well-researched overview of Nigeria's National Programme on Immunization. The key areas covered include: Definition of terminologies, history, components, controversies, strategies, and guidelines.
This document discusses meningitis sequelae, follow-up care, and challenges in assessing outcomes in low-income countries. Key points include:
1) Meningitis can cause long-term neurodisability in 20% of survivors, including cognitive, sensory, and behavioral impairments. Follow-up care is limited in low-income settings.
2) Evaluating neurodevelopmental outcomes is challenging due to a lack of standardized assessment tools adapted for different cultures and limited rehabilitation services.
3) Joseph's story illustrates the lack of follow-up care available, leading to severe disabilities not addressed for years. Improving recognition, services, and community acceptance is needed.
This document provides an overview of immunization and the Universal Immunization Program (UIP) in India. It discusses the history and components of UIP, including routine immunization, Mission Indradhanush, intensified pulse polio immunization, sub-national immunization programs, and surveillance for vaccine-preventable diseases. The objectives of UIP are to provide vaccination coverage to children and pregnant mothers against preventable diseases. The document outlines the national immunization schedule, vaccine types, storage and handling, as well as competencies related to immunization.
The document discusses optimizing pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) schedules. It provides an overview of PCV introduction and schedule changes in the UK from 1990-2015. Results are presented from a randomized controlled trial comparing immunogenicity of a 2+1 versus 1+1 PCV schedule in UK infants. The global landscape of PCV introduction is reviewed, noting opportunities to optimize schedules. Ongoing studies in multiple countries are exploring alternate PCV schedules to potentially simplify regimens while maintaining protection.
This document summarizes antibiotic resistance data from various studies in Nepal. It finds relatively high rates of resistance in common bacterial pathogens like Streptococcus pneumoniae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., and E. coli. Resistance is increasing over time to first-line drugs like cotrimoxazole and fluoroquinolones. Healthcare-associated infections also show high resistance. Surveillance is limited but suggests resistance is a serious problem. Improving stewardship and establishing ongoing monitoring are recommended to address the growing threat of antibiotic resistance in Nepal.
Rotavirus vaccines in India - Whats new in 2021 Gaurav Gupta
This document provides information on Rotavirus gastroenteritis (RVGE) and rotavirus vaccines in India, with a focus on vaccine 116E. It discusses how RVGE is a major cause of childhood diarrhea and mortality in India. It summarizes clinical trial results showing the 116E vaccine is effective at preventing severe RVGE, has a good safety profile with no increased risk of intussusception compared to other vaccines, and provides broad protection against circulating rotavirus strains in India. Phase 3 and 4 trials demonstrated 116E is well-tolerated and effective in preventing severe RVGE in Indian children when administered in a 3-dose schedule.
Presentation from the 3rd Joint Meeting of the Antimicrobial Resistance and Healthcare-Associated Infections (ARHAI) Networks, organised by the European Centre of Disease Prevention and Control - Stockholm, 11-13 February 2015
The document provides guidelines for establishing an adverse event following immunization (AEFI) surveillance system in India. It defines AEFIs and describes the different types including vaccine reactions, program errors, coincidental events, and injection reactions. AEFIs can range from minor and expected reactions like fever or local swelling, to rare but serious events like anaphylaxis. The guidelines emphasize the importance of detecting, reporting, and investigating AEFIs to ensure vaccine safety and respond to public concerns. It also outlines the roles of different agencies in regulating vaccine quality pre- and post-licensing.
The document describes investigating adverse events following immunization (AEFI). It provides an example of investigating convulsions reported in children after a measles campaign. The investigation found the convulsions were coincidental and not caused by the vaccine, as the first child had a history of prior convulsions. The report concludes it is important to properly investigate AEFIs to maintain confidence in immunization programs and determine if issues are related to vaccines, errors, or coincidences.
1) A study modeled the use of ciprofloxacin prophylaxis for epidemic response in the African meningitis belt, based on a previous cluster randomized trial in Niger that found village-wide distribution of ciprofloxacin reduced meningitis attack rates compared to household or standard care.
2) The modeling study used 2015 meningitis surveillance data from Niger to simulate the potential impact and efficiency of ciprofloxacin prophylaxis compared to reactive vaccination, finding prophylaxis could prevent more cases more efficiently.
3) The study concluded village-wide ciprofloxacin prophylaxis is an effective and efficient alternative to reactive vaccination during meningitis epidemics in the region,
Maile Young Karris, MD
Associate Professor
Co-Director San Diego Center for AIDS Research Clinical Investigations Core
Divisions of Infectious Diseases & Global Public Health and Geriatrics & Gerontology
Department of Medicine
University of California San Diego
Current situation in the meningitis belt, impact of MenAfriVac, countries that have introduced or committed to introducing it into routine schedules, catch up campaigns, controlling outbreaks and the challenge of maintaining vaccine stockpiles, use of conjugate and polysaccharide vaccines
https://www.meningitis.org/mrf-conference-2017
Adverse Events Following Immunization: Reporting standardization, Automatic C...Melanie Courtot
Analysis of spontaneous reports of Adverse Events Following Immunization (AEFIs) is an important way to identify potential problems in vaccine safety and efficacy and summarize experience for dissemination to health care authorities. The Adverse Event Reporting Ontology (AERO) we are building plays a role in increasing accuracy and quality of reporting, ultimately enhancing response time to adverse event signals.
This document provides guidance on monitoring and evaluating programs that implement lifelong antiretroviral treatment (ART) for pregnant and breastfeeding women living with HIV and their infants. It recommends adapting current monitoring and evaluation systems to integrate prevention of mother-to-child transmission and ART monitoring. This will allow programs to better measure maternal retention on ART, health outcomes for HIV-exposed infants, and identify implementation challenges. The document distinguishes between routine monitoring, which provides essential reporting data, and enhanced monitoring for early implementation of new approaches like Option B+. Enhanced monitoring involves additional data collection to promptly recognize and address problems.
This National Vaccine Policy document aims to strengthen India's Universal Immunization Programme by addressing issues related to vaccine research, regulation, introduction of new vaccines, operational efficiency, and monitoring. It provides a framework for decision making regarding current vaccines, new and underutilized vaccines, and potential future vaccines. The policy seeks to improve vaccine coverage, surveillance systems, forecasting, and human resources to optimize the vaccine enterprise in India and ensure a long-term affordable vaccine supply.
What next for prevention of pneumococcal disease in light of serotype replacement? Is there a pathway to licensure for novel pneumococcal vaccines?
https://www.meningitis.org/mrf-conference-2017
This document provides guidelines for rabies pre- and post-exposure prophylaxis in humans. It recommends purified cell culture or embryonated egg vaccines over brain-tissue vaccines. Post-exposure prophylaxis should not be delayed and consists of immediate wound cleansing, vaccine administration, and potentially immunoglobulin. Two intramuscular or intradermal vaccine regimens are described. The intradermal route reduces vaccine costs but requires trained staff and appropriate equipment.
Vulnerability and Resilience Across the Gender SpectrumCHAMP Network
The document discusses barriers to healthcare for transgender individuals and increased risk of HIV transmission. It notes that transgender people face discrimination, lack of provider knowledge, and few clinics catering to their needs. This limits access to prevention, medical care, insurance, and leads to higher rates of HIV, especially among transgender women and minorities. Improving access to hormone therapy and sensitive healthcare can increase adherence to medications and safer behaviors.
The document discusses overdevelopment in Boracay and proposes that Klein Dytham architecture has devised a shared solution. It thanks the Pecha Kucha Night Foundation and APOL for their contributions and looks forward to future discussions on the topic.
Este documento presenta una presentación de PowerPoint sobre la música de Yanni titulada "In the Morning Light". Incluye imágenes y una invitación a compartir la presentación con otros o suscribirse a recibir más presentaciones gratuitas por correo electrónico.
PrEP Implementation Planning for the USCHAMP Network
CHAMP Monthly Teleconference Training - PrEP's the Word: Everyone's Talking About It... But What Do We Need To Know, And Do, About Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis
Latin@ Lives and the Next Generation of HIV Prevention: Policies, Politics a...CHAMP Network
The document summarizes key points about Latinx communities and HIV/AIDS prevention including:
- Latinx people represent 15.3% of the US population but account for 24.8% of HIV diagnoses due to undercounting of Puerto Ricans.
- Substance use, mental illness, and HIV/AIDS are interlinked and increasing one risk can increase the others.
- Injection drug use and sex with injection drug users were major causes of AIDS cases among Hispanic women in the late 1990s.
- Harm reduction strategies like syringe exchange programs are effective in preventing HIV transmission and should be supported.
Movements for LGBTQ rights and HIV prevention have historically developed separately due to different histories and contexts. However, there are now strategic opportunities to unite these movements by adopting a human rights framework emphasizing dignity for all. This can foster cross-movement alliances and change advocacy approaches. Additionally, addressing structural racism and class disparities can help reduce HIV/AIDS stigma and homophobia while advancing both social justice and health justice.
This document describes an event called Pecha Kucha Night 01 held in Manila. It was devised and shared by Klein Dytham architecture and the trademark is held by Pecha Kucha Night Foundation. The event featured presentations by Niel Quisaba and Charles Buenconsejo and musical entertainment from Graï¬k Salad.
1) The document discusses issues around homophobia and HIV among gay and bisexual men in the US, noting rates are increasing among these groups.
2) It calls for increased CDC funding for community-level HIV prevention programs targeting at-risk groups like gay/bisexual men of color and women of color.
3) The document advocates promoting resiliency among at-risk groups through education programs and LGBT-affirming interventions.
In Oblivion: Rural Injectors in Puerto Rico... A Whole lot of NADA CHAMP Network
- El Punto de la Montaña is a syringe exchange program started in 2007 in Puerto Rico to address the public health crisis of HIV/AIDS among rural injection drug users.
- Puerto Rico has an estimated 35,000 people living with HIV/AIDS, with at least 50% of cases due to injection drug use. Syringe exchange programs are scarce, especially in rural areas.
- El Punto de la Montaña aims to reduce HIV/AIDS and hepatitis among rural injection drug users in central Puerto Rico by providing clean syringes and other supplies while also conducting research to assess their needs.
The document discusses a still life photograph taken in Boracay, Philippines. It was devised and shared by Klein Dytham architecture as part of Pecha Kucha Night, which is a presentation format where presenters show 20 images for 20 seconds each. The presentation thanked the audience for their time.
Latino/Hispanic HIV/AIDS Federal Policy Recommendations: Addressing the Latin...CHAMP Network
The document discusses recommendations to address the Latino/Hispanic HIV/AIDS crisis in the US. It notes that Latinos are disproportionately affected by HIV/AIDS, with high rates of late testing and AIDS diagnosis. It calls for a comprehensive national HIV/AIDS strategy and heightened response from HHS that increases funding for testing, prevention, and treatment programs tailored to the Latino community. Recommendations include improving data collection, reducing stigma, developing culturally appropriate interventions, and reforming immigration policies to protect the health of people living with HIV/AIDS.
Applying a Social Justice Framework to Prevention Programming for Black WomenCHAMP Network
The document discusses applying a social justice framework to HIV/AIDS prevention programming for black women. It outlines the complex factors that influence HIV risk among black women such as social and economic issues. It argues for moving beyond individual-level interventions to also implement population-level and structural interventions that address root causes like poverty, violence, and incarceration. Examples of potential interventions discussed include community mobilization, integrating economic and education programs, and developing a gender-specific HIV prevention research agenda for black women.
Este documento presenta una presentación de PowerPoint sobre la música de Yanni titulada "In the Morning Light". Incluye imágenes y una invitación a compartir la presentación con otros o suscribirse a recibir más presentaciones gratuitas por correo electrónico.
Women with HIV/AIDS in New York City - A Geographic ReviewCHAMP Network
The document analyzes geographic data on women with HIV/AIDS in New York City. It finds the highest numbers are in the Bronx, Harlem, Lower East Side, and Central Brooklyn. However, the highest rates are concentrated in the South and Central Bronx and parts of Harlem and Central Brooklyn. Unlike men, the highest concentration of women with HIV/AIDS falls within the highest poverty neighborhoods. Similarly, it falls within the highest incarceration rate neighborhoods. This suggests factors like poverty and incarceration may be more related to high rates in women than sexual orientation for men. The document recommends improving and tailoring HIV/AIDS services for women in these high-risk neighborhoods.
This document is about an event called Pecha Kucha Night 01 held in Manila. It was devised and shared by Klein Dytham architecture and the trademark is held by the Pecha Kucha Night Foundation. The presentation ended with thanks and an indication that the next presenter was upcoming.
Gender Construction: Violence Against Women and Vulnerability to HIV/AIDSCHAMP Network
Gender roles and stereotypes that are socially constructed can lead to gender inequalities and violence against women. This violence exacerbates women's vulnerability to HIV infection by lowering their ability to negotiate for condom use or HIV testing with partners due to fears of triggering further abuse. Comprehensive sexuality education programs that provide accurate information about human sexuality and help develop relationships skills can help empower young people and reduce rates of violence and HIV infection, whereas abstinence-only programs promote harmful stereotypes. Advocacy goals include improved sexuality education, policies to address violence against women, and increased access to prevention and treatment services.
The document discusses biomedical HIV prevention modalities currently being researched and tested, including microbicides, pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), circumcision, vaccines, and others. It outlines the research processes involved and challenges, and notes that within the next two years results will be seen from several PrEP and microbicide studies that could impact availability and discussions around access and use. Key concerns discussed include understanding and communicating "partial efficacy", monitoring and preventing drug resistance, and ensuring equity in access.
The iPrEx trial found that daily oral Truvada (tenofovir/emtricitabine) reduced the risk of HIV infection by 44% among men who have sex with men when combined with comprehensive prevention services. Adherence was high at 95% but effectiveness was greater for those with consistent adherence above 90%. While daily Truvada was generally safe and well tolerated, its long term safety beyond the trial is unknown as is its effectiveness for other populations, routes of transmission, and outside of a clinical trial setting. Some questions remain around true risk of drug resistance and side effects with real world use.
Why, when, and how to use pre exposure prophylaxis for hiv acquisition. 2014Hivlife Info
In this downloadable slide set, Marcy S. Gelman, RN, MSN, MPH, and Kevin M. O’Hara, PA, review essential considerations for midlevel providers administering PrEP
Format: Microsoft PowerPoint (.ppt)
File size: 825 KB
Date posted: 9/29/2014
Pre and Post Exposure Prophylaxis and HIV Prevention presented by Dr. Ken Mayer, Research Director of the Fenway Health Center at the Fenway Health Center community education conference: An End To AIDS - How A State Bill Can Change Everything hosted by SearchForACure.org, the Fenway Health Center, and the MA Dept. of Public Health
This document discusses strategies for the prevention of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) including HIV. It covers biomedical interventions like pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP), microbicides, voluntary medical male circumcision, and vaccines. It also discusses behavioral interventions like condom promotion and proper condom and lubricant use, as well as structural interventions like STI clinical services, health education, and integrating HIV/STI services. The document emphasizes that a comprehensive prevention approach combining biomedical, behavioral and structural interventions is most effective.
It is unacceptable that there is still a lot of new HIV infections, particularly when there is a known high-risk exposure to the disease. It is important to know that Post-exposure prophylaxis is a medical emergency, and as part of effort to reduce the burden of HIV, post-exposure prophylaxis has been found to be effective when done appropriately. This presentation explores the concept of post-exposure prophylaxis for HIV and the latest changes in the guidelines.
Management of HIV - Post-Exposure Prophylaxis Management of HIV - Post-Expo...MedicineAndHealthUSA
This document discusses occupational exposure management and post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) for HIV. It provides an overview of guidelines and recommendations for PEP, including initiating treatment as soon as possible after exposure, preferably within 1-36 hours. PEP has been shown to reduce risk of HIV transmission by 81% based on a CDC case-control study. Proper protocols and rapid access to full PEP regimens are important for effective implementation of occupational PEP programs.
HIV treatment and PrEP options have advanced significantly since 2015. Key points:
1) Treatment as prevention is now recommended, with antiretroviral therapy shown to reduce HIV transmission by 96% and dramatically lower prevalence over time if treatment is scaled up.
2) PrEP using daily oral Truvada was found to reduce HIV risk by up to 92% in multiple studies when taken consistently, though adherence is important. Intermittent or on-demand PrEP was also found highly effective in some populations.
3) Several real-world demonstration projects confirmed PrEP's effectiveness in different settings and populations, with up to 86% reduced risk of HIV acquisition when PrEP was provided.
In this CME presentation, we discuss the recommendations for Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) to a couple who wants to conceive. We have compared the recommendations of Nepal, DHHS (US) and WHO
Dr. Sarah Wood and Kimberley Desir's presentation to the RWPC's Positive Committee on Children's Hospital of Philadelphia's PrEP program, Project PrEPare, from April 2013.
Dr. Sarah Wood and Kimberley Desir's presentation to the RWPC's Positive Committee on Children's Hospital of Philadelphia's PrEP program, Project PrEPare, from April 2013.
Современное лечение ВИЧ : АРТ как профилактика.Contemporary Management of HIV...hivlifeinfo
Contemporary Management of HIV. Antiretroviral Therapy As Prevention.2016
In this downloadable slideset, Kenneth Mayer, MD, and Program Director Eric S. Daar, MD, review key data and optimal approaches for pre- and post-exposure prophylaxis in patients at risk for HIV infection.
Format: Microsoft PowerPoint (.ppt)
File size: 2.13 MB
This document discusses several issues related to HIV/AIDS in Kenya:
- Kenya has one of the world's worst HIV/AIDS epidemics, with an estimated 1.5 million people living with HIV. While prevalence has declined, only about half of those eligible receive treatment.
- Access to antiretroviral treatment has increased in recent years but remains low for children. Post-exposure prophylaxis and voluntary medical male circumcision can help reduce transmission rates.
- Breastfeeding provides crucial health benefits for infants and mothers but introduces risks for HIV-positive mothers, requiring antiretroviral interventions to reduce transmission through breast milk. Proper support is needed for breastfeeding to succeed.
1. Combination prevention approaches that integrate biomedical, behavioral, and structural interventions may provide the most effective strategy for HIV prevention.
2. While biomedical interventions like PrEP and treatment as prevention have shown promise, their effectiveness relies on optimal adherence which is influenced by behavioral and social factors.
3. Behavioral interventions alone have had questionable effectiveness, so combining them with biomedical approaches could help ensure medication adherence and uptake.
4. Structural interventions are also needed to address social determinants like poverty, discrimination, and gender inequality that fuel the HIV epidemic.
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This document provides information about reproductive choices and family planning for people living with HIV/AIDS. It outlines the objectives of presenting on this topic, which are to discuss reproductive life needs and planning, effective contraception options and drug interactions, pregnancy options and counseling, and local resources. It then provides statistics on HIV and discusses developing a reproductive life plan, categorizing and discussing various contraception methods, and special considerations for contraception and HIV.
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This document provides an overview of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV acquisition and guidance for midlevel practitioners on its use. It reviews the evidence from clinical trials demonstrating the efficacy of PrEP in reducing the risk of HIV infection in various at-risk populations when adherence is high. It discusses risk assessment and the importance of shared decision-making between providers and patients regarding PrEP. It also outlines the clinical evaluation and testing required before prescribing PrEP to identify patients for whom it would be safe and appropriate.
This document summarizes research on pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and discusses strategies for implementing PrEP. It finds that PrEP has been shown to effectively reduce HIV transmission in multiple clinical trials involving men who have sex with men, heterosexual men and women, and serodiscordant couples. However, concerns have been raised about side effects, risk compensation, and drug resistance that could present barriers to implementation. The document recommends that PrEP be implemented as part of combination prevention, with behavioral interventions to support adherence, and monitoring systems to track side effects, risk behaviors, and drug resistance. It also addresses regulatory approval, coverage under the Affordable Care Act, and targeting high-risk groups to maximize the
This document provides guidelines for antiretroviral therapy in Malaysia. It discusses factors to consider when initiating ART such as patient willingness and understanding of side effects. The goals of ART are to reduce HIV-related illness and death, improve quality of life, and suppress viral load. Treatment outcomes are measured by reduced infections, increased CD4 count, and decreased viral load. ART options have expanded and now include six classes of drugs. Fixed dose drug combinations can improve adherence by reducing pill burden.
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
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This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
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Discover the Simplified Electron and Muon Model: A New Wave-Based Approach to Understanding Particles delves into a groundbreaking theory that presents electrons and muons as rotating soliton waves within oscillating spacetime. Geared towards students, researchers, and science buffs, this book breaks down complex ideas into simple explanations. It covers topics such as electron waves, temporal dynamics, and the implications of this model on particle physics. With clear illustrations and easy-to-follow explanations, readers will gain a new outlook on the universe's fundamental nature.
1. Drug Therapy For Prevention? J. Jeff McConnell, Sociologist GLADSTONE INSTITUTE OF VIROLOGY AND IMMUNOLOGY UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO September 30, 2008
5. HSV-2 Suppressive therapy Management of genital infections (STIs) Cervical Barriers Male circumcision Chemoprophylaxis MTCTP PEP PrEP Vaccines Condoms HIV PREVENTION Microbicides Behavioral Counseling and Testing
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7. Male circumcision (Not known to be helpful for men who have sex with men) Chemoprophylaxis MTCTP (PEP PrEP have unknown efficacy) Condoms HIV PREVENTION Behavioral Counseling and Testing (Intensive not better than standard)
20. Pre vs. Post-exposure prophylaxis 0h 36h 72h HIV Post-exposure prophylaxis 28 d 3 m 6 m HIV infection
21. Pre vs. Post-exposure prophylaxis 0h 36h 72h HIV Pre -exposure prophylaxis 28 d 3 m 6 m HIV infection
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23. Pre vs. Post-exposure prophylaxis 0h 36h 72h HIV 28 d 3 m 6 m HIV HIV Pre -exposure prophylaxis
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29. The iPrEx Study: Safety, Efficacy, Behavior, and Biology Sponsored by NIH/NIAID/DAIDS with co-funding by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and drug donated by Gilead Sciences
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31. The iPrEx Study: Safety, Efficacy, Behavior, and Biology Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology
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33. “ Let’s Communicate” From February 2004, the iPrEx study communicated with participants, activists, government, sponsors, physicians…