This document provides recommendations for guiding future retail developments in Chicago away from vulnerable industrial zones. It analyzes national retail trends, case studies of ideal practices, and current Chicago policies. Recommendations include leveraging incentives to prioritize developing underserved areas, incorporating mixed-use and transit-oriented design principles at the parcel and block level to improve walkability and safety, and using design scenarios to demonstrate how implementing the recommendations could positively impact a potential development site in Roseland, Chicago. The goal is to establish a policy framework that fosters retail in appropriate locations while protecting industrial jobs and communities.

1. A Guide For Locating Future Retail
Developments
Department of Urban Planning
UW-Milwaukee, APW 2011
Michael Slezak
Cal Stoffel
Jorian Giorno
Ryan Krzos
Joseph Wantoch

2. Problem
• Industrial sector is vital to Chicago economy
• Large retailers prefer industrial land
• Industrial zones vulnerable to R & C intrusion
• Aldermen significantly control rezoning process
• Need a policy to guide retail to appropriate locations

3. Industrial Value
• Still vital source of jobs
• Significant competitive advantages
• Workforce
• Transportation
• Research
• Multiplier effect- 2.1
“Manufacturing has the greatest
potential for ensuring our long-term
economic growth because it
represents our society’s most
dynamic intersection of science,
technology, research, innovations,
entrepreneurial spirit and human
talent”
-Chicago Manufacturing
Renaissance Council
Cook County Employment
Total Employed Average Annual
Wages
Retail
276,119 $29,598
Manufacturing
236,100 $68,722

4. Retail- Threat or Opportunity?
• Larger developments will have better funding
opportunities.
• There will be a decreased reliance on TIF's to fund
development.
• Projects requiring public investment will require
creative financing, i.e., third-party involvement
• Deteriorating physical conditions in low-income
areas will require financing from local
organizations.

5. Big Box retail is
formatting stores to
capture the urban
market, and Chicago
will see a significant
increase in this type
of development.
Save-A-Lot:
30 stores by 2015
Walmart:
Committed to
opening at least
21 stores by 2015
Specific numbers of targest
Retail Trends

6. National Urban Retail Trends
• Annual Urban Retail Spending $85 billion
• $76 million/$8 million retail dollars/sq mile
• Saturation of suburban markets
• Developer belief in urban market cycle
• Urban retail still heavily reliant on:
o Low rent
o Extended leasing schedules
o Large parcels
o Favorable project financing
o Suburban format & market models
• Industrial land favorable

7. Urban Retail Example: Northcross Mall
Austin, TX

8. Case Studies: Ideal Retail Practices
• Best practice "big box" retail is moving away from industrial
tracts of large area and toward dense, well-established
residential and commercial areas
• Typical characteristics:
o Mixed-use, multi-story
 First floor retail, apartments/condos above
o TIF-financed parking structures
 Reduced parking ratios
 Suburban grocery ratio: 5 spaces per 1,000 sq ft
 Safeway Vista: 2.9 spaces per 1,000 sq ft

9. Case Studies: Ideal Retail Practices
DC USA
Washington, D.C.

10. Case Studies: Ideal Retail Practices
Safeway Vista
Washington D.C.

11. Case Studies: Ideal Retail Practices
Whole Foods Market
Alexandria, VA

12. Public Input- Cal
• Engaged Developing Communities Project (DCP)
• DCP currently is working on Visioning for Roseland
Neighborhood associated with proposed Red Line Extension
• Our goal was to present our recommendations for Retail
Development and receive feedback, while also assisting
their activities
• To do so we cycled participants through focus groups
including:
o a Retail-based Visual Preference Survey
o a Neighborhood Design Charrette
o a Discussion on Safety and Crime issues
o a Discussion on Transportation issues
• Results from our activities affirmed our recommendations

13. Recommendations: Parcel Level
Design
The City of Chicago should consider the following design
element features on the parcel level:
• Aesthetics
o Materials
o Facade appearance
o Roof design
o Glazing versus blank
walls
• Walkability and transit
connectivity
o Sidewalk connections

14. Recommendations: Parcel Level
Design
H Street Wal-Mart Proposal
Washington D.C.
• Parking requirements
and layout
• Mixed-Use
Developments
• Size Limits/ Retail
Caps
o Setbacks

15. Recommendations: Block Level Design
The City of Chicago should emphasize the use of block
level design features to:
• Reinforce pedestrian activity;
• Improve walkability;
• Improve transit;
• Improve safety;
• & reduce crime
{Each of these areas will help address critical challenges retail
developers have identified as barriers to entering underserved
markets}

16. Recommendations: Block Level Design
• Incoporate public space
• Promote sense of urban enclosure
• Continuous sidewalks & pedestrian connectivity
• Wayfinding signage- pedestrian & transit
• Use unifying elements
o paving, street furniture, lighting, & trees
• Orientation of transit stops {around places of interest
(retail)}

17. Geographic Analysis

18. Vulnerable Industrial Analysis

19. Ideal Retail

20. Current Conditions: Retail Policy- Ryan
• Zoning
o Commercial and Business Districts
 Pedestrian Street
o Planned Developments
o Parking, Landscaping, Signs
• Incentives
o TIF
o Property Tax Incentives
o Enterprise Zones
o Grocery-Anchored Retail Loans
o City Owned Property/Negotiatied Sales

21. Recommendations: Policy Adjustment
• Leverage Retail
Development tools to
incentivise development to
more ideal locations.
• Grocery-Anchored Retail
Loan
o Restrict to Food Deserts
• TIFs, Property Tax
incentives
o Define higher priority
areas
• Enterprise Zone
o Expand
geographical
area

22. Recommendations: Safety Through
Design: "Getting it right the first time."
Addressing crime and safety after problems arise is more
expensive, and decreases opportunities for success.
Guidelines address:
1. Multiple uses for public space surrounding transit-friendly
development
2. Effective use of Police Presence
3. Surveillance
4. Security through technology
5. Perceived vs. Actual Safety

23. •Incorporating residential that aims to increase purchasing
power, income density, and pedestrian traffic.
Safety is important to developers and consumers.
Retail location analysis involves risk assessment. Prevention of loss
through the design of the surrounding environment increases the
attractiveness of development.

24. Design Scenario
• Site Selection was based on Development of interest to
DCP
• 115th St. and Michigan Ave
• Proposed Development Project including a 17,000 Sq Ft
Aldi Grocery Store
o ~86,000 Sq Ft of total Retail Space
o 5.17 acres
o Parking for 216 cars

25. Design Scenario
Site Based on Status Quo Development Practices

26. Design Scenario
Site Based on Recommendation Implementation

27. Questions?